The Experts below are selected from a list of 8442 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hector H Garcia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evidence for transmission of taenia solium taeniasis Cysticercosis in a rural area of northern rwanda
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2021Co-Authors: Lucrecia Acosta Soto, Javier A Bustos, Lucy Anne Parker, Maria Jose Irisarrigutierrez, Yesenia Castillo, Erika Perez, Carla Munozantoli, Jose Guillermo Esteban, Hector H GarciaAbstract:Cysticercosis is a parasitic infection caused by the metacestode larval stage (cysticercus) of Taenia solium. In humans, Cysticercosis may infect the central nervous system and cause neuroCysticercosis, which is responsible for over 50,000 deaths per year worldwide and is the major cause of preventable epilepsy cases, especially in low-income countries. Cysticercosis infection is endemic in many less developed countries where poor hygiene conditions and free-range pig management favor their transmission. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 680 children from a rural primary school in Gakenke district (Northern province of Rwanda). Stool samples were collected from participants and analyzed using the Kato-Katz method (KK), formol-ether concentration (FEC), and/or copro-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CoAg-ELISA) to detect taeniasis. Blood samples were collected and analyzed using enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) and antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA) to detect human Cysticercosis. The overall proportion of taeniasis positivity was 0.3% (2/680), and both cases were also confirmed by CoAg-ELISA. A total of 13.3% (76/572) of the children studied were positive to Cysticercosis (T. solium-specific serum antibodies detected by EITB), of whom 38.0% (27/71) had viable cysticercus (T. solium antigens by Ag-ELISA). This study provides evidence of the highest Cysticercosis prevalence reported in Rwanda in children to date. Systematic investigations into porcine and human Cysticercosis as well as health education and hygiene measures for T. solium control are needed in Gakenke district.
-
screening diagnosis and management of human Cysticercosis and taenia solium taeniasis technical recommendations by the cohemi project study group
Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2017Co-Authors: Lorenzo Zammarchi, Alessandra Nicoletti, Hector H Garcia, Maurizio Bonati, Marianne Strohmeyer, Marco Albonico, Ana Requenamendez, Zeno Bisoffi, Alessandro BartoloniAbstract:NeuroCysticercosis, the central nervous system's localised form of Cysticercosis, is considered to be the leading cause of epilepsy in the developing world. In Europe, the disease is mainly imported and affects both immigrants and travellers. However, autochthonous cases of Cysticercosis in low-endemic countries could also originate from Taenia solium carriers (migrants or travellers) who acquired taeniasis overseas. Management of Cysticercosis is a challenge for European healthcare providers as they are often hardly aware of this infection and have little familiarity in managing this disease. This study provides a summary of recommendations concerning screening, diagnosis and management of Cysticercosis and T. solium taeniasis in Europe drawn up by nine experts in migrant health and imported diseases with experience in Cysticercosis and T. solium taeniasis.
-
taenia solium Cysticercosis the lessons of history
Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Oscar H Del Brutto, Hector H GarciaAbstract:Human taeniasis as well as porcine and human Cysticercosis--caused by the pork tapeworm Taenia solium--are ancient diseases. The fact that pigs were considered impure in the ancient Greece and that the Koran prohibited the consumption of pork, were likely related to the knowledge that Cysticercosis may affect swine. Evidence suggests that human Cysticercosis was also present in the ancient Egypt and Rome. During the Renaissance, the causative agent was properly identified and human cases were recognized. Confirmation that both taeniasis and Cysticercosis were caused by the same parasite was provided during the 19th Century by German pathologists. During the 20th Century, bouts of human Cysticercosis in non-endemic regions left us valuable lessons on the mechanisms of disease acquisition and spread. These included a large series of neuroCysticercosis cases in the United Kingdom that occurred after the return of troops stationed in India (which demonstrated that symptoms may occur years after infection), the epidemic of Cysticercosis-related epilepsy in the Ekari people of Papua New Guinea occurring after the gift of pigs with Cysticercosis received from Indonesia (demonstrating the fast establishment of endemic transmission and the impact of Cysticercosis in epilepsy frequency), and the occurrence of neuroCysticercosis among members of an Orthodox Jewish community of New York City, related to Latin American Taenia carriers working in their houses (highlighting the fact that Cysticercosis transmission do not require the presence of infected pigs). These lessons of history have significantly contributed to our current knowledge on this disease.
-
TIME-RESPONSE CURVE OF OXFENDAZOLE IN THE TREATMENT OF SWINE Cysticercosis
2013Co-Authors: Armando E Gonzalez, Hector H Garcia, Victor C. W. Tsang, Cesar M Gavidia, Nestor Falcon, Teresa Bernal, Martha Romero, H. GilmanAbstract:Abstract. Human Taenia solium Cysticercosis is a major cause of epilepsy in developing countries, and porcine infection causes widespread economic losses because of infested pork. Recently, the use of oxfendazole (OFZ) for porcine Cysticercosis provided, for the first time, an effective, single-dose treatment. We performed a controlled study to determine the time required between treatment with a single dose of OFZ and the death of cysticerci to define its applicability as preslaughter treatment or as a field control measure. Twenty naturally infected pigs were included in this study. Sixteen received a single dose (30 mg/kg) of OFZ, and were killed in groups of four at one, two, four, and 12 weeks after treatment. Four untreated controls were killed at week 12. No adverse reactions to OFZ were noted. A clear decrease in viability and number of cysts was evident after the first week after therapy, but even at week 4 some viable cysticerci were found in all samples. Twelve weeks after treatment, all meat appeared clear and only minuscule scars remained, except in one animal that had viable brain cysts. This study confirms the efficacy of a single dose of 30 mg/kg of OFZ for porcine Cysticercosis but demonstrates that preslaughter treatment of pigs with OFZ will not be useful in controlling Cysticercosis. The inclusion of porcine treatment with OFZ in mass cysticercosi
-
epidemiology and management of Cysticercosis and taenia solium taeniasis in europe systematic review 1990 2011
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Lorenzo Zammarchi, Filippo Bartalesi, Alessandra Nicoletti, Hector H Garcia, Marianne Strohmeyer, Elisa Bruno, Jose Munoz, Dora Buonfrate, Edoardo Pozio, Alessandro BartoloniAbstract:Background Cysticercosis is caused by the invasion of human or pig tissues by the metacestode larval stage of Taenia solium. In Europe, the disease was endemic in the past but the autochthonous natural life cycle of the parasite is currently completed very rarely. Recently, imported cases have increased in parallel to the increased number of migrations and international travels. The lack of specific surveillance systems for Cysticercosis leads to underestimation of the epidemiological and clinical impacts. Objectives To review the available data on epidemiology and management of Cysticercosis in Europe. Methods A review of literature on human Cysticercosis and T. solium taeniasis in Europe published between 1990–2011 was conducted. Results Out of 846 Cysticercosis cases described in the literature, 522 cases were autochthonous and 324 cases were imported. The majority (70.1%) of the autochthonous cases were diagnosed in Portugal from 1983 and 1994. Imported cases of which 242 (74.7%) diagnosed in migrants and 57 (17.6%) in European travellers, showed an increasing trend. Most of imported cases were acquired in Latin America (69.8% of migrants and 44.0% of travellers). The majority of imported cases were diagnosed in Spain (47.5%), France (16.7%) and Italy (8.3%). One third of neurosurgical procedures were performed because the suspected diagnosis was cerebral neoplasm. Sixty eight autochthonous and 5 imported T. solium taeniasis cases were reported. Conclusions Cysticercosis remains a challenge for European care providers, since they are often poorly aware of this infection and have little familiarity in managing this disease. Cysticercosis should be included among mandatory reportable diseases, in order to improve the accuracy of epidemiological information. European health care providers might benefit from a transfer of knowledge from colleagues working in endemic areas and the development of shared diagnostic and therapeutic processes would have impact on the quality of the European health systems. Key words: Cysticercosis, neuroCysticercosis, Taenia solium, taeniasis, Europe, travellers, migrants.
Pierre Dorny - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Data-driven analyses of behavioral strategies to eliminate Cysticercosis in sub-Saharan Africa.
'Public Library of Science (PLoS)', 2021Co-Authors: Laura A Skrip, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny, Rasmané Ganaba, Athanase Millogo, Zékiba Tarnagda, Helene CarabinAbstract:BackgroundThe multi-host taeniosis/Cysticercosis disease system is associated with significant neurological morbidity, as well as economic burden, globally. We investigated whether lower cost behavioral interventions are sufficient for local elimination of human Cysticercosis in Boulkiemdé, Sanguié, and Nayala provinces of Burkina Faso.Methodology/principal findingsProvince-specific data on human behaviors (i.e., latrine use and pork consumption) and serological prevalence of human and pig disease were used to inform a deterministic, compartmental model of the taeniosis/Cysticercosis disease system. Parameters estimated via Bayesian melding provided posterior distributions for comparing transmission rates associated with human ingestion of Taenia solium cysticerci due to undercooking and human exposure to T. solium eggs in the environment. Reductions in transmission via these pathways were modeled to determine required effectiveness of a market-focused cooking behavior intervention and a community-led sanitation and hygiene program, independently and in combination, for eliminating human Cysticercosis as a public health problem (Conclusions/significanceDespite heterogeneity in effectiveness due to local transmission dynamics and behaviors, education on the importance of proper cooking, in combination with community-led sanitation and hygiene efforts, has implications for reducing morbidity due to Cysticercosis and neuroCysticercosis
-
epidemiology of taenia saginata taeniosis Cysticercosis a systematic review of the distribution in the americas
Parasites & Vectors, 2018Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny, Lian F Thomas, Lucy J Robertson, Arve Lee Willingham, Anastasios Saratsis, Brecht DevleesschauwerAbstract:The distribution of Taenia saginata in the Americas is unclear. Establishing the distribution, economic burden, and potentials for control of bovine Cysticercosis is increasingly important due to the growing demand for beef. This paper aims to take the first step and reviews the recent distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine Cysticercosis on a national level within the Americas. We undertook a systematic review of published and grey literature for information on the occurrence, prevalence, and geographical distribution of bovine Cysticercosis and human taeniosis in the 54 countries and territories of the Americas between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017. Data on bovine Cysticercosis from OIE reports from 1994 to 2005 were also included. We identified 66 papers from the Americas with data on the occurrence of taeniosis or bovine Cysticercosis and an additional 19 OIE country reports on bovine Cysticercosis. Taeniosis was reported from 13 countries, with nine of these countries reporting specifically T. saginata taeniosis, and four countries reporting non-species specific taeniosis. The reported prevalence of taeniosis ranged between 0.04–8.8%. Bovine Cysticercosis was reported from 19 countries, nine identified through the literature search, and an additional 10 identified through the OIE country reports for notifiable diseases. The reported prevalence of bovine Cysticercosis ranged between 0.1–19%. Disease occurrence was restricted to 21 countries within the Americas, the majority from the mainland, with the only island nations reporting either bovine Cysticercosis or taeniosis being Cuba, Haiti, and the US Virgin Islands. Taenia saginata is widely distributed across 21 of the 54 countries in the Americas, but insufficient epidemiological data are available to estimate the subnational spatial distribution, prevalence, incidence and intensity of infections. This needs to be addressed through active surveillance and disease detection programmes. Such programmes would improve the data quantity and quality, and may enable estimation of the economic burden due to bovine Cysticercosis in the region in turn determining the requirement for and cost-effectiveness of control measures.
-
Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/Cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in the Americas
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2018Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny, Lian F Thomas, Lucy J Robertson, Arve Lee Willingham, Anastasios Saratsis, Brecht DevleesschauwerAbstract:Abstract Background The distribution of Taenia saginata in the Americas is unclear. Establishing the distribution, economic burden, and potentials for control of bovine Cysticercosis is increasingly important due to the growing demand for beef. This paper aims to take the first step and reviews the recent distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine Cysticercosis on a national level within the Americas. Methods We undertook a systematic review of published and grey literature for information on the occurrence, prevalence, and geographical distribution of bovine Cysticercosis and human taeniosis in the 54 countries and territories of the Americas between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017. Data on bovine Cysticercosis from OIE reports from 1994 to 2005 were also included. Results We identified 66 papers from the Americas with data on the occurrence of taeniosis or bovine Cysticercosis and an additional 19 OIE country reports on bovine Cysticercosis. Taeniosis was reported from 13 countries, with nine of these countries reporting specifically T. saginata taeniosis, and four countries reporting non-species specific taeniosis. The reported prevalence of taeniosis ranged between 0.04–8.8%. Bovine Cysticercosis was reported from 19 countries, nine identified through the literature search, and an additional 10 identified through the OIE country reports for notifiable diseases. The reported prevalence of bovine Cysticercosis ranged between 0.1–19%. Disease occurrence was restricted to 21 countries within the Americas, the majority from the mainland, with the only island nations reporting either bovine Cysticercosis or taeniosis being Cuba, Haiti, and the US Virgin Islands. Conclusions Taenia saginata is widely distributed across 21 of the 54 countries in the Americas, but insufficient epidemiological data are available to estimate the subnational spatial distribution, prevalence, incidence and intensity of infections. This needs to be addressed through active surveillance and disease detection programmes. Such programmes would improve the data quantity and quality, and may enable estimation of the economic burden due to bovine Cysticercosis in the region in turn determining the requirement for and cost-effectiveness of control measures
-
assessment of routine inspection method for diagnostic of porcine Cysticercosis in south east benin by using meat inspection records and ag elisa test
International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2014Co-Authors: N Korsak, Claude Saegerman, E Azagoun, Souaibou Farougou, Sarah Gabriel, Pierre DornyAbstract:In South East Benin, control of porcine Cysticercosis is carried out by using meat inspection. To assess routine inspection method for diagnostic of porcine Cysticercosis, two studies were carried out. The study 1 was conducted by using data collected from seizures records from 2006 to 2011. The most important organ condemned was tongue (0.54%, 95% CI: 0.48-0.60) and the most important proportion of carcasses seized was 0.74%. Prevalence of porcine Cysticercosis estimated with meat inspection records was 0.87% (95% CI: 0.79-0.94). The study 2 was performed on thirty-six pigs and did not revealed porcine Cysticercosis by tongue examination. Nevertheless, a case of porcine Cysticercosis was observed at meat inspection and 72.22% of collected sera were tested positive by Ag-ELISA (26 positive on 36). The sensitivity and the specificity of meat inspection as performed by veterinary inspectors was (0.058, 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.307) and (1.00, 95% CI: 0.791 to 0.995), respectively and no relationship was observed between meat inspection diagnostic and Ag-ELISA. This study suggests permanent training of veterinary inspector and implementation of traceability system for efficient control of porcine Cysticercosis.
-
spatial distribution and risks factors of porcine Cysticercosis in southern benin based meat inspection records
International Research Journal of Microbiology, 2013Co-Authors: S E Goussanou, Claude Saegerman, E Azagoun, Souaibou Farougou, Sarah Gabriel, Pierre Dorny, T M Kpodekon, A K I Youssao, Nicolas Praet, Nicolas Korsak KoulagenkoAbstract:Porcine Cysticercosis, which is widely distributed in Africa, causes financial losses and diseases among humans. To control the disease in an area, it is important to know the geographical distribution. In this study, spatial distribution of porcine Cysticercosis in southern Benin was performed. By using the number of partial organ seizures at meat inspection, the study has revealed high risks of porcine Cysticercosis in administrative districts of Aplahoue, Dogbo, Klouekanme and Lokossa. The proportion of seizures ranged from 0.06% for neck muscles to 0.69% for tongues. Spatial analysis of carcass seizure frequencies revealed Akpro Misserete, Avrankou, Dangbo, Porto-Novo, Ifangni and Aguegues as the most likely clusters (P<0.001) for porcine Cysticercosis distribution. The risk factor found to be associated with the porcine distribution was the Taenia solium cysticerci positive testing using lingual examination by butchers and retailers. Catching of pig within the Zou and Mono department and pigs directly purchased by the butcher were found protective factors for distribution of porcine Cysticercosis in southern Benin.
Brecht Devleesschauwer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
epidemiology of taenia saginata taeniosis Cysticercosis a systematic review of the distribution in the americas
Parasites & Vectors, 2018Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny, Lian F Thomas, Lucy J Robertson, Arve Lee Willingham, Anastasios Saratsis, Brecht DevleesschauwerAbstract:The distribution of Taenia saginata in the Americas is unclear. Establishing the distribution, economic burden, and potentials for control of bovine Cysticercosis is increasingly important due to the growing demand for beef. This paper aims to take the first step and reviews the recent distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine Cysticercosis on a national level within the Americas. We undertook a systematic review of published and grey literature for information on the occurrence, prevalence, and geographical distribution of bovine Cysticercosis and human taeniosis in the 54 countries and territories of the Americas between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017. Data on bovine Cysticercosis from OIE reports from 1994 to 2005 were also included. We identified 66 papers from the Americas with data on the occurrence of taeniosis or bovine Cysticercosis and an additional 19 OIE country reports on bovine Cysticercosis. Taeniosis was reported from 13 countries, with nine of these countries reporting specifically T. saginata taeniosis, and four countries reporting non-species specific taeniosis. The reported prevalence of taeniosis ranged between 0.04–8.8%. Bovine Cysticercosis was reported from 19 countries, nine identified through the literature search, and an additional 10 identified through the OIE country reports for notifiable diseases. The reported prevalence of bovine Cysticercosis ranged between 0.1–19%. Disease occurrence was restricted to 21 countries within the Americas, the majority from the mainland, with the only island nations reporting either bovine Cysticercosis or taeniosis being Cuba, Haiti, and the US Virgin Islands. Taenia saginata is widely distributed across 21 of the 54 countries in the Americas, but insufficient epidemiological data are available to estimate the subnational spatial distribution, prevalence, incidence and intensity of infections. This needs to be addressed through active surveillance and disease detection programmes. Such programmes would improve the data quantity and quality, and may enable estimation of the economic burden due to bovine Cysticercosis in the region in turn determining the requirement for and cost-effectiveness of control measures.
-
Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/Cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in the Americas
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2018Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny, Lian F Thomas, Lucy J Robertson, Arve Lee Willingham, Anastasios Saratsis, Brecht DevleesschauwerAbstract:Abstract Background The distribution of Taenia saginata in the Americas is unclear. Establishing the distribution, economic burden, and potentials for control of bovine Cysticercosis is increasingly important due to the growing demand for beef. This paper aims to take the first step and reviews the recent distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine Cysticercosis on a national level within the Americas. Methods We undertook a systematic review of published and grey literature for information on the occurrence, prevalence, and geographical distribution of bovine Cysticercosis and human taeniosis in the 54 countries and territories of the Americas between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017. Data on bovine Cysticercosis from OIE reports from 1994 to 2005 were also included. Results We identified 66 papers from the Americas with data on the occurrence of taeniosis or bovine Cysticercosis and an additional 19 OIE country reports on bovine Cysticercosis. Taeniosis was reported from 13 countries, with nine of these countries reporting specifically T. saginata taeniosis, and four countries reporting non-species specific taeniosis. The reported prevalence of taeniosis ranged between 0.04–8.8%. Bovine Cysticercosis was reported from 19 countries, nine identified through the literature search, and an additional 10 identified through the OIE country reports for notifiable diseases. The reported prevalence of bovine Cysticercosis ranged between 0.1–19%. Disease occurrence was restricted to 21 countries within the Americas, the majority from the mainland, with the only island nations reporting either bovine Cysticercosis or taeniosis being Cuba, Haiti, and the US Virgin Islands. Conclusions Taenia saginata is widely distributed across 21 of the 54 countries in the Americas, but insufficient epidemiological data are available to estimate the subnational spatial distribution, prevalence, incidence and intensity of infections. This needs to be addressed through active surveillance and disease detection programmes. Such programmes would improve the data quantity and quality, and may enable estimation of the economic burden due to bovine Cysticercosis in the region in turn determining the requirement for and cost-effectiveness of control measures
-
taenia solium in europe still endemic
Acta Tropica, 2017Co-Authors: Brecht Devleesschauwer, Maria Vang Johansen, Chiara Trevisan, Alberto Allepuz, Veronique Dermauw, Minerva Laranjogonzalez, Suzanne G A Smit, Smaragda Sotiraki, Nicola A WardropAbstract:The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, causes an important economic and health burden, mainly in rural or marginalized communities of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin-America. Although improved pig rearing conditions seem to have eliminated the parasite in most Western European countries, little is known about the true endemicity status of T. solium throughout Europe. Three recent reviews indicate that autochthonous human T. solium taeniasis/Cysticercosis may be possible in Europe, but that current peer-reviewed literature is biased towards Western Europe. Officially reported data on porcine Cysticercosis are highly insufficient. Favourable conditions for local T. solium transmission still exist in eastern parts of Europe, although the ongoing integration of the European Union is speeding up modernisation and intensification of the pig sector. Further evidence is urgently needed to fill the gaps on the European T. solium endemicity map. We urge to make human Cysticercosis notifiable and to improve the reporting of porcine Cysticercosis.
-
taenia solium taeniosis Cysticercosis and the co distribution with schistosomiasis in africa
Parasites & Vectors, 2015Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Pascal Magnussen, Christopher F L Saarnak, Samson Mukaratirwa, Maria Vang JohansenAbstract:This study aimed to map the distribution of Taenia solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis and the co-distribution with schistosomiasis in Africa. These two major neglected tropical diseases are presumed to be widely distributed in Africa, but currently the level of co-distribution is unclear. A literature search on T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis was performed to compile all known studies on the presence of T. solium and apparent prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis in Africa. Studies were geo-referenced using an online gazetteer. A Bayesian framework was used to combine the epidemiological data on the apparent prevalence with external information on test characteristics to estimate informed district-level prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis. Districts with T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis presence were cross-referenced with the Global Neglected Tropical Diseases Database for schistosomiasis presence. The search strategies identified 141 reports of T. solium in Africa from 1985 to 2014 from a total of 476 districts in 29 countries, 20 with porcine Cysticercosis, 22 with human Cysticercosis, and 16 with taeniosis, in addition to 2 countries identified from OIE reports. All 31 countries were considered, on national scale, to have co-distribution with schistosomiasis. Presence of both parasites was confirmed in 124 districts in 17 countries. The informed prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis were estimated for 14 and 41 districts in 10 and 13 countries, respectively. With the paucity of data, T. solium infection is grossly under-reported and expected to be more widespread than this study suggests. In areas where co-distribution occurs there is a need for increased emphasis on evaluation of integrated intervention approaches for these two helminth infections and allocation of resources for evaluating the extent of adverse effects caused by mass drug administration.
Maria Vang Johansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
taenia solium in europe still endemic
Acta Tropica, 2017Co-Authors: Brecht Devleesschauwer, Maria Vang Johansen, Chiara Trevisan, Alberto Allepuz, Veronique Dermauw, Minerva Laranjogonzalez, Suzanne G A Smit, Smaragda Sotiraki, Nicola A WardropAbstract:The pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, causes an important economic and health burden, mainly in rural or marginalized communities of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Latin-America. Although improved pig rearing conditions seem to have eliminated the parasite in most Western European countries, little is known about the true endemicity status of T. solium throughout Europe. Three recent reviews indicate that autochthonous human T. solium taeniasis/Cysticercosis may be possible in Europe, but that current peer-reviewed literature is biased towards Western Europe. Officially reported data on porcine Cysticercosis are highly insufficient. Favourable conditions for local T. solium transmission still exist in eastern parts of Europe, although the ongoing integration of the European Union is speeding up modernisation and intensification of the pig sector. Further evidence is urgently needed to fill the gaps on the European T. solium endemicity map. We urge to make human Cysticercosis notifiable and to improve the reporting of porcine Cysticercosis.
-
assessment of a computer based taenia solium health education tool the vicious worm on knowledge uptake among professionals and their attitudes towards the program
Acta Tropica, 2017Co-Authors: Rebekka Lund Ertel, Helena A Ngowi, Uffe Christian Braae, Maria Vang JohansenAbstract:Health education has been recognised as a specific intervention tool for control of Taenia solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis but evaluation of the efficacy of the tool remains. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of a computer-based T. solium health education tool 'The Vicious Worm' on knowledge uptake among professionals and investigate attitudes towards the program. The study was carried out between March and May 2014 in Mbeya Region, Tanzania, where T. solium is endemic. The study was a pre and post assessment of a health education tool based on questionnaire surveys and focus group discussions to investigate knowledge and attitudes. A total of 79 study subjects participated in the study including study subjects from both health- and agriculture sector. The health education consisted of 1½h individual practice with the computer program. The baseline questionnaire showed an overall knowledge on aspects of acquisition and transmission of T. solium infections (78%), porcine Cysticercosis treatment (77%), human tapeworm in general (72%), neuroCysticercosis in general (49%), and porcine Cysticercosis diagnosis (48%). However, there was a lack of knowledge on acquisition of neuroCysticercosis (15%), prevention of T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis (28%), and relation between porcine Cysticercosis, human Cysticercosis, and taeniosis (32%). Overall, the study subject's knowledge was significantly improved both immediately after (p=0.001) and two weeks after (p<0.001) the health education and knowledge regarding specific aspects was significantly improved in most aspects immediately after and two weeks after the health education. The focus group discussions showed positive attitudes towards the program and the study subjects found 'The Vicious Worm' efficient, simple, and appealing. The study revealed a good effect of 'The Vicious Worm' suggesting that it could be a useful health education tool, which should be further assessed and thereafter integrated in T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis control.
-
taenia solium taeniosis Cysticercosis and the co distribution with schistosomiasis in africa
Parasites & Vectors, 2015Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Pascal Magnussen, Christopher F L Saarnak, Samson Mukaratirwa, Maria Vang JohansenAbstract:This study aimed to map the distribution of Taenia solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis and the co-distribution with schistosomiasis in Africa. These two major neglected tropical diseases are presumed to be widely distributed in Africa, but currently the level of co-distribution is unclear. A literature search on T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis was performed to compile all known studies on the presence of T. solium and apparent prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis in Africa. Studies were geo-referenced using an online gazetteer. A Bayesian framework was used to combine the epidemiological data on the apparent prevalence with external information on test characteristics to estimate informed district-level prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis. Districts with T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis presence were cross-referenced with the Global Neglected Tropical Diseases Database for schistosomiasis presence. The search strategies identified 141 reports of T. solium in Africa from 1985 to 2014 from a total of 476 districts in 29 countries, 20 with porcine Cysticercosis, 22 with human Cysticercosis, and 16 with taeniosis, in addition to 2 countries identified from OIE reports. All 31 countries were considered, on national scale, to have co-distribution with schistosomiasis. Presence of both parasites was confirmed in 124 districts in 17 countries. The informed prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis were estimated for 14 and 41 districts in 10 and 13 countries, respectively. With the paucity of data, T. solium infection is grossly under-reported and expected to be more widespread than this study suggests. In areas where co-distribution occurs there is a need for increased emphasis on evaluation of integrated intervention approaches for these two helminth infections and allocation of resources for evaluating the extent of adverse effects caused by mass drug administration.
Uffe Christian Braae - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
epidemiology of taenia saginata taeniosis Cysticercosis a systematic review of the distribution in the americas
Parasites & Vectors, 2018Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny, Lian F Thomas, Lucy J Robertson, Arve Lee Willingham, Anastasios Saratsis, Brecht DevleesschauwerAbstract:The distribution of Taenia saginata in the Americas is unclear. Establishing the distribution, economic burden, and potentials for control of bovine Cysticercosis is increasingly important due to the growing demand for beef. This paper aims to take the first step and reviews the recent distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine Cysticercosis on a national level within the Americas. We undertook a systematic review of published and grey literature for information on the occurrence, prevalence, and geographical distribution of bovine Cysticercosis and human taeniosis in the 54 countries and territories of the Americas between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017. Data on bovine Cysticercosis from OIE reports from 1994 to 2005 were also included. We identified 66 papers from the Americas with data on the occurrence of taeniosis or bovine Cysticercosis and an additional 19 OIE country reports on bovine Cysticercosis. Taeniosis was reported from 13 countries, with nine of these countries reporting specifically T. saginata taeniosis, and four countries reporting non-species specific taeniosis. The reported prevalence of taeniosis ranged between 0.04–8.8%. Bovine Cysticercosis was reported from 19 countries, nine identified through the literature search, and an additional 10 identified through the OIE country reports for notifiable diseases. The reported prevalence of bovine Cysticercosis ranged between 0.1–19%. Disease occurrence was restricted to 21 countries within the Americas, the majority from the mainland, with the only island nations reporting either bovine Cysticercosis or taeniosis being Cuba, Haiti, and the US Virgin Islands. Taenia saginata is widely distributed across 21 of the 54 countries in the Americas, but insufficient epidemiological data are available to estimate the subnational spatial distribution, prevalence, incidence and intensity of infections. This needs to be addressed through active surveillance and disease detection programmes. Such programmes would improve the data quantity and quality, and may enable estimation of the economic burden due to bovine Cysticercosis in the region in turn determining the requirement for and cost-effectiveness of control measures.
-
Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/Cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in the Americas
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2018Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny, Lian F Thomas, Lucy J Robertson, Arve Lee Willingham, Anastasios Saratsis, Brecht DevleesschauwerAbstract:Abstract Background The distribution of Taenia saginata in the Americas is unclear. Establishing the distribution, economic burden, and potentials for control of bovine Cysticercosis is increasingly important due to the growing demand for beef. This paper aims to take the first step and reviews the recent distribution of T. saginata taeniosis and bovine Cysticercosis on a national level within the Americas. Methods We undertook a systematic review of published and grey literature for information on the occurrence, prevalence, and geographical distribution of bovine Cysticercosis and human taeniosis in the 54 countries and territories of the Americas between January 1st, 1990 and December 31st, 2017. Data on bovine Cysticercosis from OIE reports from 1994 to 2005 were also included. Results We identified 66 papers from the Americas with data on the occurrence of taeniosis or bovine Cysticercosis and an additional 19 OIE country reports on bovine Cysticercosis. Taeniosis was reported from 13 countries, with nine of these countries reporting specifically T. saginata taeniosis, and four countries reporting non-species specific taeniosis. The reported prevalence of taeniosis ranged between 0.04–8.8%. Bovine Cysticercosis was reported from 19 countries, nine identified through the literature search, and an additional 10 identified through the OIE country reports for notifiable diseases. The reported prevalence of bovine Cysticercosis ranged between 0.1–19%. Disease occurrence was restricted to 21 countries within the Americas, the majority from the mainland, with the only island nations reporting either bovine Cysticercosis or taeniosis being Cuba, Haiti, and the US Virgin Islands. Conclusions Taenia saginata is widely distributed across 21 of the 54 countries in the Americas, but insufficient epidemiological data are available to estimate the subnational spatial distribution, prevalence, incidence and intensity of infections. This needs to be addressed through active surveillance and disease detection programmes. Such programmes would improve the data quantity and quality, and may enable estimation of the economic burden due to bovine Cysticercosis in the region in turn determining the requirement for and cost-effectiveness of control measures
-
Porcine Cysticercosis (Taenia solium and Taenia asiatica): mapping occurrence and areas potentially at risk in East and Southeast Asia
BMC, 2018Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Xiaonong Zhou, Nguyen Manh Hung, Fadjar Satrija, Virak Khieu, Arve Lee WillinghamAbstract:Abstract Background Due to the relative short life span and the limited spatial movement, porcine Cysticercosis is an excellent indicator of current local active transmission. The aim of this study was to map at province-level, the occurrence of T. solium and T. asiatica in pigs and areas at risk of transmission to pigs in East and Southeast Asia, based on the density of extensive pig production systems and confirmed reports of porcine Cysticercosis. Methods This study covered East and Southeast Asia, which consist of the following countries: Brunei, Cambodia, China, East Timor, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, North Korea, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Vietnam. Literature searches were carried out to identify current epidemiological data on the occurrence of porcine Cysticercosis caused by T. solium and T. asiatica infections. Modelled densities of pigs in extensive production systems were mapped and compared to available data on porcine Cysticercosis. Results Porcine Cysticercosis was confirmed to be present during the period 2000 to 2018 in eight out of the 16 countries included in this study. Taenia solium porcine Cysticercosis was confirmed from all eight countries, whereas only one country (Laos) could confirm the presence of T. asiatica porcine Cysticercosis. Province-level occurrence was identified in five countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam) across 19 provinces. Smallholder pig keeping is believed to be widely distributed throughout the region, with greater densities predicted to occur in areas of China, Myanmar, Philippines and Vietnam. Conclusions The discrepancies between countries reporting taeniosis and the occurrence of porcine Cysticercosis, both for T. solium and T. asiatica, suggests that both parasites are underreported. More epidemiological surveys are needed to determine the societal burden of both parasites. This study highlights a straightforward approach to determine areas at risk of porcine Cysticercosis in the absence of prevalence data
-
assessment of a computer based taenia solium health education tool the vicious worm on knowledge uptake among professionals and their attitudes towards the program
Acta Tropica, 2017Co-Authors: Rebekka Lund Ertel, Helena A Ngowi, Uffe Christian Braae, Maria Vang JohansenAbstract:Health education has been recognised as a specific intervention tool for control of Taenia solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis but evaluation of the efficacy of the tool remains. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of a computer-based T. solium health education tool 'The Vicious Worm' on knowledge uptake among professionals and investigate attitudes towards the program. The study was carried out between March and May 2014 in Mbeya Region, Tanzania, where T. solium is endemic. The study was a pre and post assessment of a health education tool based on questionnaire surveys and focus group discussions to investigate knowledge and attitudes. A total of 79 study subjects participated in the study including study subjects from both health- and agriculture sector. The health education consisted of 1½h individual practice with the computer program. The baseline questionnaire showed an overall knowledge on aspects of acquisition and transmission of T. solium infections (78%), porcine Cysticercosis treatment (77%), human tapeworm in general (72%), neuroCysticercosis in general (49%), and porcine Cysticercosis diagnosis (48%). However, there was a lack of knowledge on acquisition of neuroCysticercosis (15%), prevention of T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis (28%), and relation between porcine Cysticercosis, human Cysticercosis, and taeniosis (32%). Overall, the study subject's knowledge was significantly improved both immediately after (p=0.001) and two weeks after (p<0.001) the health education and knowledge regarding specific aspects was significantly improved in most aspects immediately after and two weeks after the health education. The focus group discussions showed positive attitudes towards the program and the study subjects found 'The Vicious Worm' efficient, simple, and appealing. The study revealed a good effect of 'The Vicious Worm' suggesting that it could be a useful health education tool, which should be further assessed and thereafter integrated in T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis control.
-
taenia solium taeniosis Cysticercosis and the co distribution with schistosomiasis in africa
Parasites & Vectors, 2015Co-Authors: Uffe Christian Braae, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Pascal Magnussen, Christopher F L Saarnak, Samson Mukaratirwa, Maria Vang JohansenAbstract:This study aimed to map the distribution of Taenia solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis and the co-distribution with schistosomiasis in Africa. These two major neglected tropical diseases are presumed to be widely distributed in Africa, but currently the level of co-distribution is unclear. A literature search on T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis was performed to compile all known studies on the presence of T. solium and apparent prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis in Africa. Studies were geo-referenced using an online gazetteer. A Bayesian framework was used to combine the epidemiological data on the apparent prevalence with external information on test characteristics to estimate informed district-level prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis. Districts with T. solium taeniosis/Cysticercosis presence were cross-referenced with the Global Neglected Tropical Diseases Database for schistosomiasis presence. The search strategies identified 141 reports of T. solium in Africa from 1985 to 2014 from a total of 476 districts in 29 countries, 20 with porcine Cysticercosis, 22 with human Cysticercosis, and 16 with taeniosis, in addition to 2 countries identified from OIE reports. All 31 countries were considered, on national scale, to have co-distribution with schistosomiasis. Presence of both parasites was confirmed in 124 districts in 17 countries. The informed prevalence of taeniosis and porcine Cysticercosis were estimated for 14 and 41 districts in 10 and 13 countries, respectively. With the paucity of data, T. solium infection is grossly under-reported and expected to be more widespread than this study suggests. In areas where co-distribution occurs there is a need for increased emphasis on evaluation of integrated intervention approaches for these two helminth infections and allocation of resources for evaluating the extent of adverse effects caused by mass drug administration.
