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Ahmad Esmaillzadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Association between Dairy Consumption, dietary calcium intake and general and abdominal obesity among Iranian adults.
    Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 2018
    Co-Authors: Omid Sadeghi, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh, Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli, Farideh Doostan, Peyman Adibi
    Abstract:

    Abstract Aim To assess the association of Dairy Consumption and dietary calcium intake with general and abdominal obesity in a large sample of Iranian adults. Methods In this cross-sectional study, Dairy Consumption and dietary calcium intake were assessed using a validated dish-based 106-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in 6582 Iranian adults aged 18–55 years living in Isfahan. A self-administered validated questionnaire was used to collect data on anthropometric measures. Overweight or obesity was considered as body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, and abdominal obesity as waist circumference ≥88 cm for women and ≥102 cm for men. Results Mean age of study participants was 36.8 ± 8.1 years. Compared with the lowest quartile, men in the highest quartile of dietary calcium intake had greater odds for general obesity (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03-1.60). This relationship was significant even after adjustment for age and energy intake (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.03-1.60). However, such relationship was not seen in women. No other significant associations were observed between Dairy and dietary calcium intake with general or abdominal obesity. Conclusion Dietary calcium intake was positively associated with general obesity in men, but not in women. No significant association was seen between Dairy Consumption and general or central adiposity.

  • Dairy Consumption and Risk of Stroke: A Case-control Study
    International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2016
    Co-Authors: Hossein Khosravi Boroujeni, Mohammad Saadatnia, Forough Shakeri, Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli, Parvane Saneei, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
    Abstract:

    Background: It remains controversial if Dairy product intake is associated with risk of stroke. Limited information is available from Middle East countries in this regard. This case‑control study was conducted to assess the relationship between Dairy Consumption and risk of stroke in Iranian adults. Methods: In this study, 195 stroke patients (recognized based on clinical findings and computed tomography scan) hospitalized in neurology ward of Alzahra University Hospital were enrolled. Controls (n = 195) were selected with convenience nonrandom sampling procedure from other wards of this hospital. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess participants’ usual dietary intakes. Data on other variables were collected by the use of questionnaires. Results: Patients with stroke were older (P < 0.001), had lower weight and body mass index (P < 0.05) and were more likely to be male (P < 0.05) and less likely to be obese (P < 0.001). After adjustment for age, sex and total energy intake, Individuals with the highest Consumption of low‑fat Dairy had a significantly decreased risk of stroke (odds ratio [OR]: 0.58; 95% of confidence interval [CI]: 0.34–0.99), while those with the highest intake of high‑fat Dairy had a 2‑fold increased risk of stroke. The association between high‑fat Dairy Consumption and stroke even persisted after additional adjustments for physical activity, smoking and dietary variables (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.02–4.02); but the association between low‑fat Dairy intake and stroke disappeared after these adjustments (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.44–1.58). Conclusions: We found a significant positive association between high‑fat Dairy Consumption and risk of stroke. Further prospective studies are required to confirm this finding. Keywords: Dairy intake, diet, food frequency questionnaire, stroke

  • Dairy Consumption, cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation in elderly subjects.
    ARYA atherosclerosis, 2015
    Co-Authors: Nafiseh Rashidi Pour Fard, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh, Majid Karimi, Mohammad Hassan Baghaei, Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Mohammad Hossein Rouhani, Leila Azadbakht
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Previous epidemiological studies of Dairy product Consumption and health outcomes have reported mixed findings. Despite increasing in life expectancy, scarce data are available in this field in elderly individuals. We tested the hypothesis that greater Dairy intake is associated with lower high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level and better lipid profile and glycemic control. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 107 elderly individuals who aged 60-78 years. Usual dietary intakes were assessed by means of a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Anthropometric measures and biochemical markers were determined using standard protocols. RESULTS: The reported mean ± standard deviation (SD) of daily intake of Dairy products and age were 588.02 ± 418.88 g/d and 63.22 ± 6.92 years, respectively. After control for demographic characteristics and dietary intakes, Dairy Consumption was not significantly related to the increased risk of insulin resistance [Odds ratio (OR): 2.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54, 8.86; P = 0.520] and elevated hs-CRP (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 0.37, 6.35; P = 0.550). Participants in the top tertile of Dairy had greater, but statistically not a significant risk of elevated triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). No significant relations were seen for hs-CRP, insulin resistance and lipid profile across tertiles of Dairy products. CONCLUSION: In this elderly population, total Dairy Consumption was not associated with inflammatory biomarkers levels and other cardiometabolic risk factors.

  • Effect of Dairy Consumption on weight and body composition in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
    International Journal of Obesity, 2012
    Co-Authors: A. S. Abargouei, M. Salehi-marzijarani, Mohammadreza Janghorbani, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
    Abstract:

    Effect of Dairy Consumption on weight and body composition in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials

  • Effect of Dairy Consumption on weight and body composition in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
    International Journal of Obesity, 2012
    Co-Authors: A. S. Abargouei, M. Salehi-marzijarani, Mohammadreza Janghorbani, Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND:Although several observational and experimental studies have investigated the effect of Dairy Consumption on weight and body composition, results are inconsistent.OBJECTIVE:This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the published evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of Dairy Consumption on weight, body fat mass, lean mass and waist circumference (WC) in adults.DESIGN:PubMed, ISI Web of Science, SCOPUS, Science Direct and EMBASE were searched from January 1960 to October 2011 for relevant English and non-English publications. Sixteen studies were selected for the systematic review and fourteen studies were included in meta-analysis.RESULTS:Our search led to 14, 12, 6 and 8 eligible RCTs that had data on weight, body fat mass, lean mass and WC, respectively. Overall, mean difference for the effect of Dairy on body weight was -0.61 kg (95% confidence interval (CI): -1.29, 0.07, P=0.08). Increased Dairy intake resulted in 0.72 kg (95% CI: -1.29, -0.14, P=0.01) greater reduction in fat mass, 0.58 kg (95% CI: 0.18, 0.99, P

Timothy Gill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Dairy Consumption and the Risk of 15-Year Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in a Cohort of Older Australians
    Nutrients, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Anna M. Rangan, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Timothy Gill, Paul Mitchell
    Abstract:

    The effects of habitual Dairy Consumption and the risk of 15-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a cohort of older Australians were investigated. Participants (n = 2900) completed a validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate associations between tertiles of the Dairy Consumption, including low/reduced fat Dairy, whole fat Dairy and their ratio (ratioLF/WF), and risk of mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke or combined CVD. There were 548 recorded cases of CVD mortality in this cohort. For total Dairy intake, a reduction in risk of CVD was only seen in tertile 2 (adjusted hazard ratio, AHR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.55–0.93), and for CHD both tertile 2 and tertile 3 were associated with a reduced risk (both with AHR: 0.71). However there were no linear trends between total Dairy Consumption and any of the three outcomes. There were no associations or trends between low/reduced fat Dairy or whole fat Dairy Consumption, or ratioLF/WF and any of the three outcomes in the fully adjusted model (all p > 0.05). This study found no consistent association between baseline Consumption of Dairy foods and the risk of CHD, stroke and combined CVD mortality.

  • Higher regular fat Dairy Consumption is associated with lower incidence of metabolic syndrome but not type 2 diabetes
    Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Anna M. Rangan, Bamini Gopinath, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Timothy Gill, Paul Mitchell
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background and aims Limited evidence suggests habitual Dairy Consumption to be protective against metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and type 2 diabetes among older adults. We assessed the association of baseline Consumption of Dairy products with the incidence of MetSyn and type 2 diabetes among a cohort of Australian adults aged 49 years and over. Methods and results A validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess food and nutrient intake at baseline. Ten-year incidence of MetSyn and type 2 diabetes were obtained from 1807 and 1824 subjects respectively. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by discrete time logistic regression modelling. Compared with subjects in the lowest intake quartile of regular fat Dairy products, those in the highest quartile had a 59% lower risk of MetSyn (multivariate adjusted OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.23–0.71; p trend  = 0.004), after adjustment for risk factors. Among obese subjects, an association between a high intake of regular fat Dairy foods and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes was also found (age and sex adjusted OR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16–0.88; p trend  = 0.030), but the association did not persist after adjustment for additional confounders. There was no association between total Dairy Consumption and risk of MetSyn or type 2 diabetes. Conclusions We found an inverse association between regular fat Dairy Consumption and risk of MetSyn among Australian older adults. Further studies are warranted to examine the association between weight status, Dairy Consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes.

  • The effect of Dairy Consumption on blood pressure in mid-childhood: CAPS cohort study.
    European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anna M. Rangan, J. G. Ayer, G. B. Marks, Gareth Denyer, K L Webb, David S. Celermajer, Vicki Flood, Timothy Gill
    Abstract:

    It has been postulated that a higher Dairy Consumption may affect blood pressure regulation. The aim of this study was to examine the association between Dairy Consumption and blood pressure in mid-childhood. Subjects (n=335) were participants of a birth cohort at high risk of asthma with information on diet at 18 months and blood pressure at 8 years. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the association of Dairy Consumption (serves) and micronutrient intakes (mg). In a subgroup of children (n=201), dietary intake was also measured at approximately 9 years. Children in the highest quintile of Dairy Consumption at 18 months had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 8 years (2.5 mm Hg, P=0.046 and 1.9 mm Hg, P=0.047, respectively) than those in the lowest quintiles. SBP was lowest among children in the highest quintiles of calcium, magnesium and potassium intakes. Significant negative linear trends were observed between SBP and intakes of Dairy serves, calcium, magnesium and potassium. Furthermore, SBP and DBP were lowest in the group of children that consumed at least two Dairy serves at both 18 months and the follow-up dietary data collection at 9 years, compared with all other children (SBP 98.7 vs 101.0 mm Hg, P=0.07; and DBP 56.5 vs 59.3 mm Hg, P=0.006, respectively). These results are consistent with a protective effect of Dairy Consumption in childhood on blood pressure at age 8 years.

  • Dairy Consumption and Diet Quality in a Sample of Australian Children
    Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anna M. Rangan, G. B. Marks, Gareth Denyer, K L Webb, Victoria M. Flood, Timothy Gill
    Abstract:

    Objective: To examine the association between intake of Dairy products and indicators of diet quality among a sample of Australian children.Methods: Three 24-hour recalls were collected from 222 children aged 8–10 years living in western Sydney. Analysis of covariance was used to examine differences in mean intakes of foods and nutrients among 3 Dairy Consumption groups (

  • Dairy Consumption and overweight and obesity: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies
    Obesity Reviews, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Anna M. Rangan, Victoria M. Flood, Debra Hector, Timothy Gill
    Abstract:

    Summary A comprehensive literature search was undertaken to examine the relationship between Dairy Consumption and overweight/obesity in prospective cohort studies. A literature search from 1980 through to April 2010 was conducted. Nineteen cohort studies met all the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Of the 19 cohort studies, 10 were among children and adolescents (aged 2 to 14 years, n = 53 to 12 829, follow-up 8 months to 10 years) and nine among adults (aged 18 to 75 years, n = 248 to 42 696, follow-up 2 years to 12 years). A range of Dairy food exposure measures were used. Eight studies (three out of 10 studies involving children and five out of nine studies involving adults) showed a protective association against increasing weight gain (measured in various ways); one reported a significant protective association only among men who were initially overweight; seven reported no effect; one reported an increased risk (among children), and two reported both a decreased and increased risk, depending on the Dairy food type. The evidence from prospective cohort studies for a protective effect of Dairy Consumption on risk of overweight and obesity is suggestive but not consistent, making firm conclusions difficult.

Anna M. Rangan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Dairy Consumption and the Risk of 15-Year Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in a Cohort of Older Australians
    Nutrients, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Anna M. Rangan, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Timothy Gill, Paul Mitchell
    Abstract:

    The effects of habitual Dairy Consumption and the risk of 15-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a cohort of older Australians were investigated. Participants (n = 2900) completed a validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate associations between tertiles of the Dairy Consumption, including low/reduced fat Dairy, whole fat Dairy and their ratio (ratioLF/WF), and risk of mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke or combined CVD. There were 548 recorded cases of CVD mortality in this cohort. For total Dairy intake, a reduction in risk of CVD was only seen in tertile 2 (adjusted hazard ratio, AHR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.55–0.93), and for CHD both tertile 2 and tertile 3 were associated with a reduced risk (both with AHR: 0.71). However there were no linear trends between total Dairy Consumption and any of the three outcomes. There were no associations or trends between low/reduced fat Dairy or whole fat Dairy Consumption, or ratioLF/WF and any of the three outcomes in the fully adjusted model (all p > 0.05). This study found no consistent association between baseline Consumption of Dairy foods and the risk of CHD, stroke and combined CVD mortality.

  • Higher regular fat Dairy Consumption is associated with lower incidence of metabolic syndrome but not type 2 diabetes
    Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Anna M. Rangan, Bamini Gopinath, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Timothy Gill, Paul Mitchell
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background and aims Limited evidence suggests habitual Dairy Consumption to be protective against metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and type 2 diabetes among older adults. We assessed the association of baseline Consumption of Dairy products with the incidence of MetSyn and type 2 diabetes among a cohort of Australian adults aged 49 years and over. Methods and results A validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess food and nutrient intake at baseline. Ten-year incidence of MetSyn and type 2 diabetes were obtained from 1807 and 1824 subjects respectively. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by discrete time logistic regression modelling. Compared with subjects in the lowest intake quartile of regular fat Dairy products, those in the highest quartile had a 59% lower risk of MetSyn (multivariate adjusted OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.23–0.71; p trend  = 0.004), after adjustment for risk factors. Among obese subjects, an association between a high intake of regular fat Dairy foods and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes was also found (age and sex adjusted OR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16–0.88; p trend  = 0.030), but the association did not persist after adjustment for additional confounders. There was no association between total Dairy Consumption and risk of MetSyn or type 2 diabetes. Conclusions We found an inverse association between regular fat Dairy Consumption and risk of MetSyn among Australian older adults. Further studies are warranted to examine the association between weight status, Dairy Consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes.

  • The effect of Dairy Consumption on blood pressure in mid-childhood: CAPS cohort study.
    European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anna M. Rangan, J. G. Ayer, G. B. Marks, Gareth Denyer, K L Webb, David S. Celermajer, Vicki Flood, Timothy Gill
    Abstract:

    It has been postulated that a higher Dairy Consumption may affect blood pressure regulation. The aim of this study was to examine the association between Dairy Consumption and blood pressure in mid-childhood. Subjects (n=335) were participants of a birth cohort at high risk of asthma with information on diet at 18 months and blood pressure at 8 years. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the association of Dairy Consumption (serves) and micronutrient intakes (mg). In a subgroup of children (n=201), dietary intake was also measured at approximately 9 years. Children in the highest quintile of Dairy Consumption at 18 months had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 8 years (2.5 mm Hg, P=0.046 and 1.9 mm Hg, P=0.047, respectively) than those in the lowest quintiles. SBP was lowest among children in the highest quintiles of calcium, magnesium and potassium intakes. Significant negative linear trends were observed between SBP and intakes of Dairy serves, calcium, magnesium and potassium. Furthermore, SBP and DBP were lowest in the group of children that consumed at least two Dairy serves at both 18 months and the follow-up dietary data collection at 9 years, compared with all other children (SBP 98.7 vs 101.0 mm Hg, P=0.07; and DBP 56.5 vs 59.3 mm Hg, P=0.006, respectively). These results are consistent with a protective effect of Dairy Consumption in childhood on blood pressure at age 8 years.

  • The effect of Dairy Consumption on blood pressure in mid-childhood: CAPS cohort study
    European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anna M. Rangan, V. L. Flood, J. G. Ayer, G. B. Marks, Gareth Denyer, K L Webb, David S. Celermajer, T P Gill
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: It has been postulated that a higher Dairy Consumption may affect blood pressure regulation. The aim of this study was to examine the association between Dairy Consumption and blood pressure in mid-childhood.\n\nSUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects (n = 335) were participants of a birth cohort at high risk of asthma with information on diet at 18 months and blood pressure at 8 years. Multivariate analyses were used to assess the association of Dairy Consumption (serves) and micronutrient intakes (mg). In a subgroup of children (n = 201), dietary intake was also measured at approximately 9 years.\n\nRESULTS: Children in the highest quintile of Dairy Consumption at 18 months had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 8 years (2.5 mm Hg, P=0.046 and 1.9 mm Hg, P = 0.047, respectively) than those in the lowest quintiles. SBP was lowest among children in the highest quintiles of calcium, magnesium and potassium intakes. Significant negative linear trends were observed between SBP and intakes of Dairy serves, calcium, magnesium and potassium. Furthermore, SBP and DBP were lowest in the group of children that consumed at least two Dairy serves at both 18 months and the follow-up dietary data collection at 9 years, compared with all other children (SBP 98.7 vs 101.0 mm Hg, P = 0.07; and DBP 56.5 vs 59.3 mm Hg, P = 0.006, respectively).\n\nCONCLUSION: These results are consistent with a protective effect of Dairy Consumption in childhood on blood pressure at age 8 years.

  • Dairy Consumption and Diet Quality in a Sample of Australian Children
    Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anna M. Rangan, G. B. Marks, Gareth Denyer, K L Webb, Victoria M. Flood, Timothy Gill
    Abstract:

    Objective: To examine the association between intake of Dairy products and indicators of diet quality among a sample of Australian children.Methods: Three 24-hour recalls were collected from 222 children aged 8–10 years living in western Sydney. Analysis of covariance was used to examine differences in mean intakes of foods and nutrients among 3 Dairy Consumption groups (

Paul F. Jacques - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jimmy Chun Yu Louie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pattern and Predictors of Dairy Consumption during Adolescence
    Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2014
    Co-Authors: Bamini Gopinath, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Louise A. Baur, Paul Mitchell
    Abstract:

    We aimed to prospectively assess Dairy intake among adolescents, and determine the predictors of adequate Dairy Consumption during adolescence. 634 Sydney schoolchildren (351 girls and 283 boys) who had dietary data at both age 12 and 17 were included for analyses. Dairy Consumption was assessed from validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. At age 12, mean total Dairy intake was 1.62 serves/day which decreased to 1.40 by age 17 (p ＜0.0001). Mean serves/day of milk decreased from 1.11 to 0.92 during adolescence. Moreover, 90% of the decrease in serves/day of total Dairy was due to reduced milk Consumption. At age 12, 8.5% of children consumed ≥3.5 serves/day of total Dairy and this decreased to 6.2%, 5 years later at age 17 (p = 0.001). A lower proportion of girls compared with boys consumed ≥3 serves/day of total Dairy at both ages 12 (p = 0.005) and 17 (p =0.01). Participants with tertiary qualified parents at baseline were 85% more likely to have intakes of the Dairy food group above the median during the 5 years, OR 1.85 (95% CI 1.18-2.91). Frequent flavored milk Consumption (≥2 serves/week) at baseline was associated with ~5-fold greater likelihood of maintaining intakes of Dairy foods above the median during adolescence. Dairy food Consumption decreased significantly during adolescence, driven primarily by a decrease in milk Consumption. Most adolescents did not meet national recommended guidelines for the Dairy food group intake. These findings highlight the need for further research into intervention strategies aimed at sustaining Dairy Consumption.

  • Dairy Consumption and the Risk of 15-Year Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in a Cohort of Older Australians
    Nutrients, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Anna M. Rangan, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Timothy Gill, Paul Mitchell
    Abstract:

    The effects of habitual Dairy Consumption and the risk of 15-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a cohort of older Australians were investigated. Participants (n = 2900) completed a validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate associations between tertiles of the Dairy Consumption, including low/reduced fat Dairy, whole fat Dairy and their ratio (ratioLF/WF), and risk of mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke or combined CVD. There were 548 recorded cases of CVD mortality in this cohort. For total Dairy intake, a reduction in risk of CVD was only seen in tertile 2 (adjusted hazard ratio, AHR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.55–0.93), and for CHD both tertile 2 and tertile 3 were associated with a reduced risk (both with AHR: 0.71). However there were no linear trends between total Dairy Consumption and any of the three outcomes. There were no associations or trends between low/reduced fat Dairy or whole fat Dairy Consumption, or ratioLF/WF and any of the three outcomes in the fully adjusted model (all p > 0.05). This study found no consistent association between baseline Consumption of Dairy foods and the risk of CHD, stroke and combined CVD mortality.

  • Higher regular fat Dairy Consumption is associated with lower incidence of metabolic syndrome but not type 2 diabetes
    Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Anna M. Rangan, Bamini Gopinath, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Timothy Gill, Paul Mitchell
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background and aims Limited evidence suggests habitual Dairy Consumption to be protective against metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and type 2 diabetes among older adults. We assessed the association of baseline Consumption of Dairy products with the incidence of MetSyn and type 2 diabetes among a cohort of Australian adults aged 49 years and over. Methods and results A validated 145-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess food and nutrient intake at baseline. Ten-year incidence of MetSyn and type 2 diabetes were obtained from 1807 and 1824 subjects respectively. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by discrete time logistic regression modelling. Compared with subjects in the lowest intake quartile of regular fat Dairy products, those in the highest quartile had a 59% lower risk of MetSyn (multivariate adjusted OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.23–0.71; p trend  = 0.004), after adjustment for risk factors. Among obese subjects, an association between a high intake of regular fat Dairy foods and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes was also found (age and sex adjusted OR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16–0.88; p trend  = 0.030), but the association did not persist after adjustment for additional confounders. There was no association between total Dairy Consumption and risk of MetSyn or type 2 diabetes. Conclusions We found an inverse association between regular fat Dairy Consumption and risk of MetSyn among Australian older adults. Further studies are warranted to examine the association between weight status, Dairy Consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes.

  • Dairy Consumption and overweight and obesity: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies
    Obesity Reviews, 2011
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Anna M. Rangan, Victoria M. Flood, Debra Hector, Timothy Gill
    Abstract:

    Summary A comprehensive literature search was undertaken to examine the relationship between Dairy Consumption and overweight/obesity in prospective cohort studies. A literature search from 1980 through to April 2010 was conducted. Nineteen cohort studies met all the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Of the 19 cohort studies, 10 were among children and adolescents (aged 2 to 14 years, n = 53 to 12 829, follow-up 8 months to 10 years) and nine among adults (aged 18 to 75 years, n = 248 to 42 696, follow-up 2 years to 12 years). A range of Dairy food exposure measures were used. Eight studies (three out of 10 studies involving children and five out of nine studies involving adults) showed a protective association against increasing weight gain (measured in various ways); one reported a significant protective association only among men who were initially overweight; seven reported no effect; one reported an increased risk (among children), and two reported both a decreased and increased risk, depending on the Dairy food type. The evidence from prospective cohort studies for a protective effect of Dairy Consumption on risk of overweight and obesity is suggestive but not consistent, making firm conclusions difficult.