The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael Fenech - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The Role of Nutrition in DNA Replication, DNA Damage Prevention and DNA Repair
Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, 2020Co-Authors: Michael FenechAbstract:Abstract Several essential nutrients are required for nucleotide synthesis and DNA replication (folate, vitamin B12, magnesium, zinc, iron), maintenance of DNA methylation and chromosome stability (folate, vitamin B12), Prevention of DNA oxidation (vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, manganese, selenium), and DNA Damage sensing and repair (niacin, zinc, iron, magnesium). Deficiency in these micronutrients increases DNA replication stress and genomic instability, exacerbates susceptibility to DNA Damage caused by endogenous and environmental genotoxins, and, furthermore, disables normal control of gene expression by epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, it has become increasingly evident that severe protein calorie deficiency and excessive caloric intake leading to overweight/obesity are also associated with high augmentation of DNA Damage, indicating the important role of appropriate macronutrient intake in genome integrity maintenance. Because DNA Damage is the most fundamental pathology at the cellular level, it is essential to start defining dietary reference values based on DNA Damage Prevention and explore the feasibility of personalized nutrition for maintenance of genome integrity.
-
Nutriomes and personalised nutrition for DNA Damage Prevention, telomere integrity maintenance and cancer growth control.
Cancer treatment and research, 2013Co-Authors: Michael FenechAbstract:DNA Damage at the base sequence and chromosome level is a fundamental cause of developmental and degenerative diseases. Multiple micronutrients and their interactions with the inherited and/or acquired genome determine DNA Damage and genomic instability rates. The challenge is to identify for each individual the combination of micronutrients and their doses (i.e. the nutriome) that optimises genome stability, including telomere integrity and functionality and DNA repair. Using nutrient array systems with high-content analysis diagnostics of DNA Damage, cell death and cell growth, it is possible to define, on an individual basis, the optimal nutriome for DNA Damage Prevention and cancer growth control. This knowledge can also be used to improve culture systems for cells used in therapeutics such as stem cells to ensure that they are not genetically aberrant when returned to the body. Furthermore, this information could be used to design dietary patterns that deliver the micronutrient combinations and concentrations required for preventing DNA Damage by micronutrient deficiency or excess. Using this approach, new knowledge could be obtained to identify the dietary restrictions and/or supplementations required to control specific cancers, which is particularly important given that reliable validated advice is not yet available for those diagnosed with cancer.
-
Current Knowledge and Strategies to Determine Dietary Reference Values for DNA Damage Prevention
Genes and Environment, 2011Co-Authors: Michael FenechAbstract:Damage to the genome is recognised as a fundamental cause of developmental and degenerative diseases. Several micronutrients play an important role in protecting against DNA Damage events that are generated through endogenous and exogenous factors by acting as cofactors or substrates for enzymes that detoxify genotoxins as well as enzymes involved in DNA repair, methylation and synthesis. In addition it is evident that either micronutrient deficiency or excess can modify genome stability and that these effects may also depend on nutrient-nutrient and nutrient-gene interaction which is affected by genotype. These observations have led to the emerging science of Genome Health Nutrigenomics which is based on the principle that DNA Damage is a fundamental cause of disease that can be diagnosed and nutritionally prevented on an individual, genetic sub-group or population basis. In this review the following topics are discussed: (i) Biomarkers used to study genome Damage in humans and their validation; (ii) Current knowledge on micronutrients required for maintenance of genome stability in humans; (iii) Strategies to determine dietary reference values of single micronutrients and micronutrient combinations (nutriomes) based on DNA Damage Prevention.
-
Nutriomes and nutrient arrays - the key to personalised nutrition for DNA Damage Prevention and cancer growth control
Genome integrity, 2010Co-Authors: Michael FenechAbstract:DNA Damage at the base-sequence, epigenome and chromosome level is a fundamental cause of developmental and degenerative diseases. Multiple micronutrients and their interactions with the inherited and/or acquired genome determine DNA Damage and genomic instability rates. The challenge is to identify for each individual the combination of micronutrients and their doses (i.e. the nutriome) that optimises genome stability and DNA repair. In this paper I describe and propose the use of high-throughput nutrient array systems with high content analysis diagnostics of DNA Damage, cell death and cell growth for defining, on an individual basis, the optimal nutriome for DNA Damage Prevention and cancer growth control.
-
Dietary reference values of individual micronutrients and nutriomes for genome Damage Prevention: current status and a road map to the future
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2010Co-Authors: Michael FenechAbstract:Damage to the genome is recognized as a fundamental cause of developmental and degenerative diseases. Several micronutrients play an important role in protecting against DNA Damage events generated through endogenous and exogenous factors by acting as cofactors or substrates for enzymes that detoxify genotoxins as well as enzymes involved in DNA repair, methylation, and synthesis. In addition, it is evident that either micronutrient deficiency or micronutrient excess can modify genome stability and that these effects may also depend on nutrient-nutrient and nutrient-gene interaction, which is affected by genotype. These observations have led to the emerging science of genome health nutrigenomics, which is based on the principle that DNA Damage is a fundamental cause of disease that can be diagnosed and nutritionally prevented on an individual, genetic subgroup, or population basis. In this article, the following topics are discussed: 1) biomarkers used to study genome Damage in humans and their validation, 2) evidence for the association of genome Damage with developmental and degenerative disease, 3) current knowledge of micronutrients required for the maintenance of genome stability in humans, 4) the effect of nutrient-nutrient and nutrient-genotype interaction on DNA Damage, and 5) strategies to determine dietary reference values of single micronutrients and micronutrient combinations (nutriomes) on the basis of DNA Damage Prevention. This article also identifies important knowledge gaps and future research directions required to shed light on these issues. The ultimate goal is to match the nutriome to the genome to optimize genome maintenance and to prevent pathologic amounts of DNA Damage.
Rick Pevarski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Virginia Pilot Project for Incorporating GPS Technology to Enhance One-Call Damage Prevention
2008 7th International Pipeline Conference Volume 1, 2008Co-Authors: Max Kieba, Massoud Tahamtani, Shane Ayers, Herb Wilhite, Rick PevarskiAbstract:Excavation continues to be a leading cause of Damage to underground facilities in the United States. Excavation Damage was cited as the cause in 20% of the significant pipeline incidents in 2007. Effective Damage Prevention programs are necessary to protect underground facilities and to ensure public health and safety, environmental protection and continuity of vital services. Central to all Damage Prevention efforts is effective communication of accurate and timely information among excavators, one-call centers and underground facility operators. In 2005, the Commonwealth of Virginia, federal government, industry and other key stakeholders in the U.S. initiated a pilot project to enhance the one-call Damage Prevention process through the use of global positioning system (GPS) technology. Virginia was chosen as the location for the Project due to its mature, active and inclusive Damage Prevention program. Additionally, coincident with the implementation of the Pilot Project, Virginia’s one-call center developed and implemented enhanced mapping capabilities that complemented the Project technology. Certainly, the potential for application of the technology in all states was a driving consideration throughout the Project. Phase I of the Virginia Pilot Project, completed in December 2007, focused on improving the locational accuracy of facility locate requests submitted by excavators to the one-call center. This was achieved by the development and use of electronic white-lining. The Project Team combined existing cell phone, Internet and GPS receiver technologies with the development of specific software applications and enhanced one-call processes. Project data indicate significant improvements were achieved in one-call process costs and efficiencies. These improvements enhance the benefits of such programs to all stakeholders and significantly improve underground facility safety. This paper describes the results from Phase I and the minimum requirements for implementing the technology. The results will be shared and promoted nationwide to encourage other one-call centers to consider incorporating the processes. The paper also describes the status of subsequent, related phases of the Pilot Project. Phase II will involve the application of GPS technology to locating instruments and the development of electronic locator manifests. Phase III will involve the integration of GPS and mapping technologies on excavating equipment. Finally, the paper describes the relevance to other Damage Prevention programs in the U.S. and other countries.Copyright © 2008 by ASME and US Government
Tanya Iossifova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Chemical components of Fraxinus species
Fitoterapia, 2006Co-Authors: Ivanka Kostova, Tanya IossifovaAbstract:Abstract A wide range of chemical components including coumarins, secoiridoids, phenylethanoids, flavonoids, and lignans has been isolated from Fraxinus species. Extracts and metabolites have been found to possess antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, skin regenerating, photodynamic Damage Prevention, liverprotecting, diuretic and antiallergic activities. Some species find application in contemporary medicine. In the present review the literature data on the phytochemical and biological investigations on the genus Fraxinus are summarized up to the middle of 2004.
Steve Fischer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
An Overview of Recent Initiatives in Preventing Damage to Energy Pipelines
2010 8th International Pipeline Conference Volume 1, 2010Co-Authors: Sam Hall, Steve FischerAbstract:Over the past 20 years, excavation Damage has caused approximately one-third of energy pipeline incidents resulting in fatalities or in-patient hospitalizations in the U.S. While excavation Damage to pipeline facilities has declined in recent years, reducing excavation Damage to energy pipelines remains a top priority for the United States. The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) of the U.S. Department of Transportation is undertaking several initiatives to reduce excavation Damage to energy pipelines. This paper summarizes several of these initiatives, including: PHMSA’s strong support of the 1999 Common Ground Study, the Common Ground Alliance (CGA), and the continued development of Damage Prevention best practices for all Damage Prevention stakeholders; the documentation of State Damage Prevention programs to understand where programs can be strengthened; support of State Damage Prevention programs in the form of funding and other assistance to states for implementation of the “nine elements” of effective Damage Prevention programs; a focused Damage Prevention research and development program; the coordination of the Pipelines and Informed Planning Alliance (PIPA), which is an effort to develop and foster the use of recommended practices for local land use in the vicinity of transmission pipelines; and the development of a rule for federal enforcement of Damage Prevention laws when appropriate. PHMSA believes comprehensive Damage Prevention programs are essential to energy pipeline safety and must have the right balance of incentive and enforcement for preventing Damage to pipelines.
Philip Feig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Current research results on the effectiveness of driver assistance systems with increasing degree of automation
Proceedings, 2017Co-Authors: Marcel Borrack, Johann Gwehenberger, Julian Schatz, Philip FeigAbstract:As the research institute for Allianz Deutschland AG, the Allianz Zentrum fur Technik (Allianz Center for Technology, AZT) is researching issues from the automotive technology and road safety sectors with the following fundamental aims: increasing safety on the road through Damage Prevention decreasing Damage costs on vehicle insurance through Damage Prevention, improved crash behaviour, increased reparability and economic repair and calculation procedures.
