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Larry L. Augsburger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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excipient compatibility study of hypericum perforatum extract st john s wort using similarity metrics to track Phytochemical profile changes
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Susan Kopelman, Larry L. AugsburgerAbstract:Abstract The formulation of botanical dietary supplements is challenging due to their complex activity–composition relationship, as well as physical and chemical stability issues. As excipient compatibility testing is a major component of sound formulation development, the objectives of this work were: (1) explore excipient compatibility storage paradigms; (2) determine interactions between Phytochemicals of interest in Saint John's Wort (SJW) with several excipients; and (3) explore the application of similarity metrics to the data. Modifications to conventional isothermal stress testing paradigms included additional storage conditions of heat and moisture (5, 50 °C, 5 and 0% added water), as well as more rigorous controls. Binary blends of SJW and ten commonly used excipients were prepared and neat SJW was used as control. After 3 weeks, the percentage remaining of each Phytochemical was determined by HPLC. Several similarity metrics were applied to the data. Common storage paradigms were suitable for excipient compatibility testing when controls of neat material are stored under similar conditions and the percentage of Phytochemicals remaining in excipient:SJW blends and neat SJW are compared. Excipient incompatibilities were determined for SJW Phytochemicals of interest. Similarity metrics applied to the Phytochemical profiles conveniently summarized the data. This work allows logical decisions to be made regarding the formulation of SJW.
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Excipient compatibility study of Hypericum perforatum extract (St. John's wort) using similarity metrics to track Phytochemical profile changes.
International journal of pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Susan Kopelman, Larry L. AugsburgerAbstract:The formulation of botanical dietary supplements is challenging due to their complex activity-composition relationship, as well as physical and chemical stability issues. As excipient compatibility testing is a major component of sound formulation development, the objectives of this work were: (1) explore excipient compatibility storage paradigms; (2) determine interactions between Phytochemicals of interest in Saint John's Wort (SJW) with several excipients; and (3) explore the application of similarity metrics to the data. Modifications to conventional isothermal stress testing paradigms included additional storage conditions of heat and moisture (5, 50 degrees C, 5 and 0% added water), as well as more rigorous controls. Binary blends of SJW and ten commonly used excipients were prepared and neat SJW was used as control. After 3 weeks, the percentage remaining of each Phytochemical was determined by HPLC. Several similarity metrics were applied to the data. Common storage paradigms were suitable for excipient compatibility testing when controls of neat material are stored under similar conditions and the percentage of Phytochemicals remaining in excipient:SJW blends and neat SJW are compared. Excipient incompatibilities were determined for SJW Phytochemicals of interest. Similarity metrics applied to the Phytochemical profiles conveniently summarized the data. This work allows logical decisions to be made regarding the formulation of SJW.
Susan Kopelman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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excipient compatibility study of hypericum perforatum extract st john s wort using similarity metrics to track Phytochemical profile changes
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Susan Kopelman, Larry L. AugsburgerAbstract:Abstract The formulation of botanical dietary supplements is challenging due to their complex activity–composition relationship, as well as physical and chemical stability issues. As excipient compatibility testing is a major component of sound formulation development, the objectives of this work were: (1) explore excipient compatibility storage paradigms; (2) determine interactions between Phytochemicals of interest in Saint John's Wort (SJW) with several excipients; and (3) explore the application of similarity metrics to the data. Modifications to conventional isothermal stress testing paradigms included additional storage conditions of heat and moisture (5, 50 °C, 5 and 0% added water), as well as more rigorous controls. Binary blends of SJW and ten commonly used excipients were prepared and neat SJW was used as control. After 3 weeks, the percentage remaining of each Phytochemical was determined by HPLC. Several similarity metrics were applied to the data. Common storage paradigms were suitable for excipient compatibility testing when controls of neat material are stored under similar conditions and the percentage of Phytochemicals remaining in excipient:SJW blends and neat SJW are compared. Excipient incompatibilities were determined for SJW Phytochemicals of interest. Similarity metrics applied to the Phytochemical profiles conveniently summarized the data. This work allows logical decisions to be made regarding the formulation of SJW.
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Excipient compatibility study of Hypericum perforatum extract (St. John's wort) using similarity metrics to track Phytochemical profile changes.
International journal of pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Susan Kopelman, Larry L. AugsburgerAbstract:The formulation of botanical dietary supplements is challenging due to their complex activity-composition relationship, as well as physical and chemical stability issues. As excipient compatibility testing is a major component of sound formulation development, the objectives of this work were: (1) explore excipient compatibility storage paradigms; (2) determine interactions between Phytochemicals of interest in Saint John's Wort (SJW) with several excipients; and (3) explore the application of similarity metrics to the data. Modifications to conventional isothermal stress testing paradigms included additional storage conditions of heat and moisture (5, 50 degrees C, 5 and 0% added water), as well as more rigorous controls. Binary blends of SJW and ten commonly used excipients were prepared and neat SJW was used as control. After 3 weeks, the percentage remaining of each Phytochemical was determined by HPLC. Several similarity metrics were applied to the data. Common storage paradigms were suitable for excipient compatibility testing when controls of neat material are stored under similar conditions and the percentage of Phytochemicals remaining in excipient:SJW blends and neat SJW are compared. Excipient incompatibilities were determined for SJW Phytochemicals of interest. Similarity metrics applied to the Phytochemical profiles conveniently summarized the data. This work allows logical decisions to be made regarding the formulation of SJW.
Sybille B. Unsicker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phytochemical variation in treetops: causes and consequences for tree-insect herbivore interactions
Oecologia, 2018Co-Authors: Jörn. S. Lämke, Sybille B. UnsickerAbstract:The interaction of plants and their herbivorous opponents has shaped the evolution of an intricate network of defences and counter-defences for millions of years. The result is an astounding diversity of Phytochemicals and plant strategies to fight and survive. Trees are specifically challenged to resist the plethora of abiotic and biotic stresses due to their dimension and longevity. Here, we review the recent literature on the consequences of Phytochemical variation in trees on insect–tree–herbivore interactions. We discuss the importance of genotypic and phenotypic variation in tree defence against insects and suggest some molecular mechanisms that might bring about Phytochemical diversity in crowns of individual trees.
Cleiton Antonio Nunes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Changes in quality and Phytochemical contents of avocado oil under different temperatures
Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Lívia Maria Braga Resende, Guilherme Max Dias Ferreira, Vanessa Rios De Souza, Cleiton Antonio NunesAbstract:Avocado oil, which has a high content of monounsaturated fatty acid and health-beneficial Phytochemicals, is consumed in salads and also can be used for cooking. Therefore, is essential to study its oxidative and photochemical stability under different temperatures. So this work aimed to evaluate the oil oxidation and the Phytochemical degradation of avocado oil under three different temperatures: room, 100 °C and 180 °C. The oil oxidation was evaluated by peroxide value and specific extinction in ultraviolet. The Phytochemical degradation was evaluated for phytosterol, chlorophylls, and carotenoids contents. The temperature was found to significantly influence the oil oxidation and Phytochemical stability, with the oxidation/degradation rate constants increasing with temperature. At room temperature, all oxidative parameters increased linearly with time, indicating a zero-order kinetic. At 100 and 180 °C, peroxide value, K232 and K270 increased linearly at a higher rate, becoming constant or decreasing after a short reaction time. The activation energy from specific extinction at 270 nm curves was 17.74 kcal mol^−1 for oil degradation. For Phytochemical compounds, the mechanism of reactions depended on the temperature, in which the reaction orders increased with heating. The activation energies for carotenoids, chlorophylls and sterols degradations at high temperatures were 5.00, 6.93, and 4.48 kcal mol^−1, respectively. In this way, we found that avocado oil has its stability and quality affected by temperature, and, therefore, is not indicated for use in long and/or successive heating processes.
Areejit Samal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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IMPPAT: A curated database of Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemistry And Therapeutics
Scientific Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Karthikeyan Mohanraj, Bagavathy Shanmugam Karthikeyan, R. P. Vivek-ananth, R. P. Bharath Chand, S. R. Aparna, Pattulingam Mangalapandi, Areejit SamalAbstract:Phytochemicals of medicinal plants encompass a diverse chemical space for drug discovery. India is rich with a flora of indigenous medicinal plants that have been used for centuries in traditional Indian medicine to treat human maladies. A comprehensive online database on the phytochemistry of Indian medicinal plants will enable computational approaches towards natural product based drug discovery. In this direction, we present, IMPPAT, a manually curated database of 1742 I ndian M edicinal P lants, 9596 P hytochemicals, A nd 1124 T herapeutic uses spanning 27074 plant-Phytochemical associations and 11514 plant-therapeutic associations. Notably, the curation effort led to a non-redundant in silico library of 9596 Phytochemicals with standard chemical identifiers and structure information. Using cheminformatic approaches, we have computed the physicochemical, ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity) and drug-likeliness properties of the IMPPAT Phytochemicals. We show that the stereochemical complexity and shape complexity of IMPPAT Phytochemicals differ from libraries of commercial compounds or diversity-oriented synthesis compounds while being similar to other libraries of natural products. Within IMPPAT, we have filtered a subset of 960 potential druggable Phytochemicals, of which majority have no significant similarity to existing FDA approved drugs, and thus, rendering them as good candidates for prospective drugs. IMPPAT database is openly accessible at: https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat .