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Yannick Fonteneau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Work, momentum and fatigue in the work of Daniel Bernoulli: toward the optimization of biological fact
Physis; rivista internazionale di storia della scienza, 2020Co-Authors: Yannick Fonteneau, Viard JAbstract:The concept of mechanical work is inherited from the concepts of potentia absoluta and men's work, both implemented in the section IX of Daniel Bernoulli's Hydrodynamica in 1738. Nonetheless, Bernoulli did not confuse these two entities: he defined a link from gender to species between the former, which is general, and the latter, which is organic. In addition, Bernoulli clearly distinguished between vis viva and potentia absoluta (or work). Their reciprocal conversions are rarely mentioned explicitly in this book, except once, in the section X of his work, from vis viva to work, and subordinated to the mediation of a machine, in a driving forces substitution problem. His attitude evolved significantly in a text in 1753, in which work and vis viva were unambiguously connected, while the concept of potentia absoluta was reduced to that of human work, and the expression itself was abandoned. It was then accepted that work can be converted into vis viva, but the opposite is true in only one case, the intra-organic one. It is the concept of fatigue, seen as an expenditure of animal spirits themselves conceived of as little tensed springs releasing vis viva, that allowed the conversion, never quantified and listed simply as a model, from vis viva to work. Thus, work may have ultimately appeared as a transitional state between two kinds of vis viva, of which the first is non-quantifiable. At the same time, the natural elements were discredited from any hint of profitable production. Only men and animals were able to work in the strict sense of the word. Nature, left to itself, does not work, according to Bernoulli. In spite of his wish to bring together rational mechanics and practical mechanics, one perceived in the work of Bernoulli the subsistence of a rarely crossed disjunction between practical and theoretical fields.
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travail force vive et fatigue dans l oeuvre de Daniel Bernoulli vers l optimisation du fait biologique 1738 1753 work vis viva and tiredness in Daniel Bernoulli s works towards the optimization of the biological fact 1738 1753
arXiv: History and Philosophy of Physics, 2013Co-Authors: Yannick FonteneauAbstract:The concept of mechanical work is inherited from the concepts of potentia absoluta and men's work, both implemented in the Section IX of Daniel Bernoulli's Hydrodynamica in 1738. Nonetheless, Bernoulli did not confuse those two entities: he defined a link from gender to species between the former, general, and the latter, organic. Besides, Bernoulli clearly distinguished vis viva and potentia absoluta (or work). Their mutual conversions are rarely explicitly mentionned in this book, except once, in the Section X of his work, from vis viva to work, and subordinated to the mediation of a machine, in a driving forces substitution problem. His attitude significantly evolved in a text in 1753, in which work and vis viva were unambiguously connected, while the concept of potentia absoluta was reduced to the one of men's work, and the expression itself was abandoned. It was then accepted that work can be converted into vis viva, but the opposite is true in only one case, the intra-organic one. The concept of tiredness, seen as an expenditure of animal spirits conceived themselves as little tensed springs liberating vis viva, allowed direct conversion, even never quantified and listed simply as a model, from vis viva to work. Thus, work may have ultimately appeared as a transitional state between two kinds of vis viva, which the first is non-quantifiable. At the same time, natural elements were discredited from any hint of profitable production. Only men and animals were able to work in the strict sense of the word. Nature did not work by itself, according to Bernoulli. Despite his will to bring together rational mechanics and common mechanics, one perceived in the work of Bernoulli the subsistence of a rarely crossed disjunction between practical and theoretical fields.
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Travail, force vive et fatigue dans l'oeuvre de Daniel Bernoulli: vers l'optimisation du fait biologique (1738-1753) / Work, vis viva and tiredness in Daniel Bernoulli's works: towards the optimization of the biological fact (1738-1753)
arXiv: History and Philosophy of Physics, 2013Co-Authors: Yannick Fonteneau, JérômeAbstract:The concept of mechanical work is inherited from the concepts of potentia absoluta and men's work, both implemented in the Section IX of Daniel Bernoulli's Hydrodynamica in 1738. Nonetheless, Bernoulli did not confuse those two entities: he defined a link from gender to species between the former, general, and the latter, organic. Besides, Bernoulli clearly distinguished vis viva and potentia absoluta (or work). Their mutual conversions are rarely explicitly mentionned in this book, except once, in the Section X of his work, from vis viva to work, and subordinated to the mediation of a machine, in a driving forces substitution problem. His attitude significantly evolved in a text in 1753, in which work and vis viva were unambiguously connected, while the concept of potentia absoluta was reduced to the one of men's work, and the expression itself was abandoned. It was then accepted that work can be converted into vis viva, but the opposite is true in only one case, the intra-organic one. The concept of tiredness, seen as an expenditure of animal spirits conceived themselves as little tensed springs liberating vis viva, allowed direct conversion, even never quantified and listed simply as a model, from vis viva to work. Thus, work may have ultimately appeared as a transitional state between two kinds of vis viva, which the first is non-quantifiable. At the same time, natural elements were discredited from any hint of profitable production. Only men and animals were able to work in the strict sense of the word. Nature did not work by itself, according to Bernoulli. Despite his will to bring together rational mechanics and common mechanics, one perceived in the work of Bernoulli the subsistence of a rarely crossed disjunction between practical and theoretical fields.
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travail force vive et fatigue dans l œuvre de Daniel Bernoulli vers l optimisation du fait biologique
Physis; rivista internazionale di storia della scienza, 2011Co-Authors: Yannick Fonteneau, Jerome ViardAbstract:Un antecedent du concept de travail mecanique reside dans les concepts de potentia absoluta et de travail des hommes, mis en œuvre dans la section IX de l’Hydrodynamica. Daniel Bernoulli ne confond pas ces deux entites : il existe un rapport de genre a espece entre la premiere, generale, et la seconde, organique. Bernoulli distingue nettement force vive et potentia absoluta (ou travail) : leurs conversions mutuelles sont rarement mentionnees explicitement dans cet ouvrage de 1738 en dehors d’un exemple de conversion de force vive en travail dans la section X dans une problematique de substitutions des forces motrices et conditionnee a la mediation machinique. Son attitude evolue notablement dans un texte de 1753, ou travail et force vive se trouvent explicitement connectes, tandis que le concept de potentia absoluta est reduit a celui de travail des hommes, et que le mot meme est abandonne. Le travail peut alors se convertir en force vive, mais la reciproque n’est vraie que dans un seul cas, intra-organique. C’est le concept de fatigue, modelisee comme une depense d’esprits animaux concus eux-memes comme de petits ressorts bandes liberant de la force vive, qui permet la conversion, jamais quantifiee, de la force vive en travail. De la sorte, le travail peut apparaitre in fine comme un etat transitionnel entre deux formes de force vive, la premiere etant inquantifiable. Parallelement, les elements naturels sont discredites de toute velleite de production rentable. Seuls les hommes et les animaux peuvent travailler. La nature, laissee a elle-meme, ne travaille pas. Malgre sa volonte de rapprocher mecanique rationnelle et mecanique pratique, on percoit chez Bernoulli la subsistance d’une disjonction rarement depassee des domaines appliques et theoriques.
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les antecedents du concept de travail mecanique chez amontons parent et Daniel Bernoulli de la qualite a la quantite 1699 1738
Dix-huitième siècle: revue annuelle de la Societé Française d'Etude du Dix Huitieme Siecle, 2009Co-Authors: Yannick FonteneauAbstract:A premiere vue, le concept travail mecanique semble n'apparaitre dans la theorie physique qu'au debut du 19e siecle, issu du creuset d'une poignee d'ingenieurs- savants sortis de l'Ecole polytechnique, et representant l'alliage entre un developpement logique interne a la theorie, et une impulsion et une raison d'etre economiques. Cet article se propose de traquer les origines de ce concept anterieurement a ses antecedents immediats, alors meme que la physique theorique du 18e siecle ne semble pas en faire usage. Cet apparent paradoxe cesse des l'instant ou l'on detourne les yeux de la science theorique pour se plonger au cœur de travaux que l'on pourrait qualifier de pragmatiques, issus de preoccupations d'ingenieurs. C'est bien dans ce contexte, des l'aube du 18e siecle, qu'apparaissent ce qu'on peut qualifier d'antecedents du concept de travail mecanique, chez des auteurs aujourd'hui obscurs, tels que Guillaume Amontons (1663-1705) et Antoine Parent (1666-1716), ou bien plus fameux tel que Daniel Bernoulli (1700-1782), dans des textes s'echelonnant de 1699 a 1738. Nous allons voir ici comment.
Mirjana Filipovic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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New aspects on formulating the Euler-Bernoulli equation
2020Co-Authors: Mirjana FilipovicAbstract:The Euler-Bernoulli equation should be expanded from several aspects. By supplementing Euler-Bernoulli equations with the expressions that come out directly from the motion dynamics of elastic bodies, they become more complex. This yields the difference in their structure for each mode. Mathematical model of the actuators should be expanded according to the requirements of the motion complexity of elastic robotic systems, also. Particular integral of Daniel Bernoulli should be supplemented with the stationary character of elastic deformation of any point of the considered mode, caused by the present forces. The relationship between the Euler-Bernoulli equation and equation of equilibrium at any point of elastic line are explained. The solution of equilibrium equation at any point of elastic line (also at the point of elastic line tip), is described by three equations for position definition and by three equations for orientation definition of the considered point in the space of Cartesian coordinates. Simulation results are shown for a selected robotic example involving the simultaneous presence of elasticity of the gear and of the link (two modes), as well as the environment force dynamics.
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whole analogy between Daniel Bernoulli solution and direct kinematics solution
Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2010Co-Authors: Mirjana Filipovic, Ana DjuricAbstract:In this paper, the relationship between the original Euler-Bernoulli’s rod equation and contemporary knowledge is established. The solution which Daniel Bernoulli deflned for the simplest conditions is essentially the solution of \direct kinematics". For this reason, special attention is devoted to dynamics and kinematics of elastic mechanisms conflguration. The Euler-Bernoulli equation and its solution (used in literature for a long time) should be expanded according to the requirements of the mechanisms motion complexity. The elastic deformation is a dynamic value that depends on the total mechanism movements dynamics. Mathematical model of the actuators comprises also elasticity forces.
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Euler-Bernoulli equation today
2009 IEEE RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2009Co-Authors: Mirjana FilipovicAbstract:Special attention is paid to the motion of the flexible links in the robotic configuration. The elastic deformation is a dynamic value which depends on the total dynamics of the robot system movements. The Euler-Bernoulli equation (based on the known laws of dynamics) should be supplemented with all the forces that are participating in the formation of the elasticity moment of the considered mode according to the requirements of the motion complexity of elastic robotic systems. This yields the difference in the structure of Euler-Bernoulli equations for each mode. The stiffness matrix is a full matrix as well as damping matrix. Mathematical model of the actuators also comprises coupling between elasticity forces. Particular integral which defined Daniel Bernoulli should be supplemented with the stationary character of elastic deformation of any point of the considered mode, caused by the present forces. General form of the mechanism elastic line is a direct outcome of the system motion dynamics, and cannot be described by one scalar equation but by three equations for position and three equations for orientation of every point on that elastic line. Simulation results are shown for a selected robotic example involving the simultaneous presence of elasticity of the gear and of the link (two modes), as well as the environment force dynamics.
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New interpretation of the Euler-Bernoulli equation
2008 6th International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, 2008Co-Authors: Mirjana Filipovic, Miomir VukobratovicAbstract:A new notion of joint, defined in terms of the state of motor (active or locked) and type of the elastic or rigid element, gear and/or link that follows after the motor, is introduced. Special attention is paid to the motion of the flexible links in the robotic configuration. The article is concerned with the relationship between the Euler-Bernoulli equation, the ldquoEuler-Bernoulli approachrdquo (EBA), and equation of equilibrium at the point of elastic line tip, the ldquoLumped-mass approachrdquo (LMA). The Euler-Bernoulli equations (which have for a long time been used in the literature) should be expanded according to the requirements of the motion complexity of elastic robotic systems. The Euler-Bernoulli equation (based on the known laws of dynamics) should be supplemented with all the forces that are participating in the formation of the bending moment of the considered mode. This yields the difference in the structure of Euler-Bernoulli equations for each mode. The stiffness matrix is a full matrix. Mathematical model of the actuators also comprises coupling between elasticity forces. Particular integral of Daniel Bernoulli should be supplemented with the stationary character of elastic deformation of any point of the considered mode, caused by the present forces. General form of the elastic line is a direct outcome of the system motion dynamics, and can not be described by one scalar equation but by three equations for position and three equations for orientation of every point on that elastic line. Simulation results are shown for a selected robotic example involving the simultaneous presence of elasticity of the joint and of the link (two modes), as well the environment force dynamics.
Robert W Vivian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simulating Daniel Bernoulli s st petersburg game theoretical and empirical consistency
Simulation & Gaming, 2004Co-Authors: Robert W VivianAbstract:Russon and Chang simulated St. Petersburg games and found that their results were inconsistent with their theoretical predictions. In this article, the theoretical outcomes are derived this time using the methodology suggested by Daniel Bernoulli, and games are then simulated. When this is done, it is found that the theoretical and empirical results are consistent.
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solving Daniel Bernoulli s st petersburg paradox the paradox which is not and never was
South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 2003Co-Authors: Robert W VivianAbstract:It has been accepted for over 270 years that the expected monetary value (EMV) of the St Petersburg game is infinite. Accepting this leads to a paradox; no reasonable person is prepared to pay the predicted large sum to play the game but will only pay, comparatively speaking, a very moderate amount. This paradox was 'solved' using cardinal utility. This article demonstrates that the EMV of the St Petersburg game is a function of the number of games played and is infinite only when an infinite number of games is played. Generally, the EMV is a very moderate amount, even when a large number of games is played. It is of the same order as people are prepared to offer to play the game. There is thus no paradox. Cardinal utility is not required to explain the behaviour of the reasonable person offering to play the game.
Stephen C Stearns - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Daniel Bernoulli 1738 evolution and economics under risk
Journal of Biosciences, 2000Co-Authors: Stephen C StearnsAbstract:In this 300th anniversary of Daniel Bernoulli's birth, this essay traces the influence of one of his works usually regarded by mathematicians and physicists as too minor to mention. From this source has flowed much of our understanding of how to deal with risk in economics and evolution. The concepts introduced by Bernoulli help us to think about the evolution of reproductive lifespan, dormancy and diapause, sexual versus asexual reproduction, and population dynamics. In economics they form the foundation of portfolio and insurance theory. The 1738 paper was definitely not minor.
W Vivianrobert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simulating Daniel Bernoulli s st petersburg game
Simulation & Gaming, 2004Co-Authors: W VivianrobertAbstract:Russon and Chang simulated St. Petersburg games and found that their results were inconsistent with their theoretical predictions. In this article, the theoretical outcomes are derived this time us...
