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Elizabeth Arias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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United States Life Tables, 2013.
National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistic, 2017Co-Authors: Elizabeth Arias, Melonie P. HeronAbstract:Objectives-This report presents complete period life tables for the United States by race, Hispanic origin, and sex, based on agespecific death rates in 2013. Methods-Data used to prepare the 2013 life tables are 2013 final mortality statistics; July 1, 2013 population estimates based on the 2010 Decennial Census; and 2013 Medicare data for persons aged 66-99. The methodology used to estimate the 2013 life tables was first implemented with data year 2008. The methodology used to estimate the life tables for the Hispanic population remains unchanged from that developed for the publication of life tables by Hispanic origin for data year 2006. Results-In 2013, the overall expectation of life at birth was 78.8 years, unchanged from 2012. Between 2012 and 2013, life expectancy at birth remained the same for both males (76.4) and females (81.2), for the black population (75.5), the Hispanic population (81.9), and the non-Hispanic black population (75.1). Life expectancy at birth declined for both the white population (79.1 to 79.0) and the non-Hispanic white population (78.9 to 78.8).
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United States Life Tables, 2012.
National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistic, 2016Co-Authors: Elizabeth Arias, Melonie P. HeronAbstract:Objectives-This report presents complete period life tables for the United States by race, Hispanic origin, and sex, based on agespecific death rates in 2012. Methods-Data used to prepare the 2012 life tables are 2012 final mortality statistics; July 1, 2012, population estimates based on the 2010 Decennial Census; and 2012 Medicare data for persons aged 66-99. The methodology used to estimate the 2012 life tables was first implemented with data year 2008. The methodology used to estimate the life tables for the Hispanic population remains unchanged from that developed for the publication of life tables by Hispanic origin for data year 2006. Results-In 2012, the overall expectation of life at birth was 78.8 years, increasing from 78.7 years in 2011. From 2011 to 2012, life expectancy at birth increased for both males (from 76.3 to 76.4) and females (81.1 to 81.2), for the white population (79.0 to 79.1), the black population (75.3 to 75.5), the Hispanic population (81.8 to 81.9), the non-Hispanic white population (78.7 to 78.9), and the non- Hispanic black population (75.0 to 75.1).
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United States Life Tables, 2011
National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistic, 2015Co-Authors: Elizabeth AriasAbstract:Objectives This report presents complete period life tables for the United States by race, Hispanic origin, and sex, based on age specific death rates in 2011. Methods Data used to prepare the 2011 life tables are 2011 final mortality statistics; July 1, 2011, population estimates based on the 2010 Decennial Census; and 2011 Medicare data for persons aged 66-99. The methodology used to estimate the 2011 life tables was first implemented with data year 2008. The methodology used to estimated the life tables for the Hispanic population remains unchanged from that developed for the publication of life tables by Hispanic origin for data year 2006. Results In 2011, the overall expectation of life at birth was 78.7 years--unchanged from 2010. Between 2010 and 2011, life expectancy at birth increased for both males (from 76.2 to 76.3) and females (81.0-81.1), and for the white population (78.9 to 79.0), the black population (75.1 to 75.3), the Hispanic population *81.4 to 81.6), and the non-Hispanic black population (74.7 to 74.9).
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United States life tables, 2010.
National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistic, 2014Co-Authors: Elizabeth AriasAbstract:Objectives-This report presents complete period life tables for the United States by race, Hispanic origin, and sex, based on agespecific death rates in 2010. Methods-Data used to prepare the 2010 life tables are 2010 final mortality statistics; April 1, 2010 population estimates based on the 2010 Decennial Census; and 2010 Medicare data for persons aged 66-99. The methodology used to estimate the 2010 life tables was first implemented with data year 2008. The methodology used to estimate the life tables for the Hispanic population remains unchanged from that developed for the publication of life tables by Hispanic origin for data year 2006. Results-In 2010, the overall expectation of life at birth was 78.7 years. Between 2009 and 2010, life expectancy at birth increased for all groups considered. Life expectancy increased for both males (from 76.0 to 76.2) and females (80.9 to 81.0) and for the white population (78.8 to 78.9), the black population (74.7 to 75.1), the Hispanic population (81.1 to 81.4), the non-Hispanic white population (78.7 to 78.8), and the non-Hispanic black population (74.4 to 74.7).
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United States life tables, 2002.
National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics National Vital Statistic, 2004Co-Authors: Elizabeth AriasAbstract:This report presents period life tables for the United States based on age-specific death rates in 2002. Data used to prepare these life tables are 2002 final mortality statistics; July 1, 2002, population estimates based on the 2000 Decennial Census and data from the Medicare program. Presented are complete life tables by age, race, and sex. In 2002 the overall expectation of life at birth was 77.3 years, representing an increase of 0.1 years from life expectancy in 2001. Between 2001 and 2002, life expectancy increased for both males and females. Life expectancy increased by 0.2 years for black males (from 68.6 to 68.8). It increased by 0.1 year for white males (from 75.0 to 75.1), for white females (from 80.2 to 80.3), and for black females (from 75.5 to 75.6).
Jason M Fletcher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of in utero exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic on family formation
Economics and Human Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Jason M FletcherAbstract:A growing literature ties in utero conditions to life course outcomes, including education, earnings, and adult health and mortality. A smaller literature has begun to examine the intergenerational impacts of in utero conditions. A link between these two literatures-the impacts of in utero conditions on family formation-has had few examinations but offers a potential set of mechanisms for the intergenerational reach of early conditions. This paper draws from the 1960 US Decennial Census to examine whether individuals exposed in utero to the 1918/19 influenza pandemic had different family formation patterns than adjacent unexposed cohorts. The findings suggest small overall effects on marriage rates, number of children, and several measures of "type" of spouse for men, but moderate effects for women. For example, women with in utero exposure during their first trimester marry men with 0.2 fewer years of schooling than those not exposed. The findings show that exposed individuals have spouses with lower schooling than unexposed counterparts, this effect is particularly large for women, and it increases the likelihood of marrying spouses with very low levels of schooling.
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the effects of in utero exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic on family formation
SocArXiv, 2017Co-Authors: Jason M FletcherAbstract:A growing literature ties in utero conditions to life course outcomes, including education, earnings, and adult health and mortality. A smaller literature has begun to examine the intergenerational impacts of in utero conditions. A link between these two literatures—the impacts of in utero conditions on family formation—has had few examinations but offers a potential set of mechanisms for the intergenerational reach of early conditions. This paper draws from the 1960 US Decennial Census to examine whether exposed individuals had different family formation patterns than adjacent unexposed cohorts. The findings suggest small overall effects on marriage rates, number of children, and several measures of “type” of spouse for men, but moderate effects for women. The findings also show that exposed individuals have spouses with lower schooling than unexposed counterparts, this effect is particularly large for women, and it increases the likelihood of marrying spouses with very low levels of schooling.
Kate L Lapane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating the impact of non response bias in the behavioral risk factor surveillance system brfss
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2012Co-Authors: Karen L Schneider, Melissa A Clark, William Rakowski, Kate L LapaneAbstract:Background Response rates of national health surveys are decreasing, which potentially can bias obtained prevalence estimates. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which non-response impacts the representativeness of the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) sample compared to the 2000 Decennial Census. Methods The 2000 BRFSS had a median response rate of 48%, while the 2000 Decennial Census had a response rate of 67%. Representativeness of the BRFSS sample was evaluated on gender, race, ethnicity, age, household income and marital status. Prevalence of each factor in the BRFSS was compared to the prevalence found in the US Census on both the state and county levels. Prevalence differences between the BRFSS and Census were calculated and their association with response rates was evaluated using robust OLS regression and polytomous logistic regression. The relationship between prevalence differences and other survey design elements, such as data collection procedure and sampling fraction, was also explored. Results The BRFSS prevalence estimates diverged from the Census estimates on several sociodemographic factors even after adjustment for non-response/non-coverage. This was found on both the state and county levels; however, smaller absolute differences between the BRFSS and Census prevalence estimates were found for factors included in the non-response/non-coverage adjustment weight. Lower response rates ( Conclusion Future research should examine alternative approaches to increase response rate (eg, mixed mode) and to adjust for non-response (eg, multiple imputation).
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evaluating the impact of non response bias in the behavioral risk factor surveillance system brfss
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2012Co-Authors: Karen L Schneider, Melissa A Clark, William Rakowski, Kate L LapaneAbstract:BACKGROUND: Response rates of national health surveys are decreasing, which potentially can bias obtained prevalence estimates. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which non-response impacts the representativeness of the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) sample compared to the 2000 Decennial Census. METHODS: The 2000 BRFSS had a median response rate of 48%, while the 2000 Decennial Census had a response rate of 67%. Representativeness of the BRFSS sample was evaluated on gender, race, ethnicity, age, household income and marital status. Prevalence of each factor in the BRFSS was compared to the prevalence found in the US Census on both the state and county levels. Prevalence differences between the BRFSS and Census were calculated and their association with response rates was evaluated using robust OLS regression and polytomous logistic regression. The relationship between prevalence differences and other survey design elements, such as data collection procedure and sampling fraction, was also explored. RESULTS: The BRFSS prevalence estimates diverged from the Census estimates on several sociodemographic factors even after adjustment for non-response/non-coverage. This was found on both the state and county levels; however, smaller absolute differences between the BRFSS and Census prevalence estimates were found for factors included in the non-response/non-coverage adjustment weight. Lower response rates (<40%) were associated with the under-representation of racial/ethnic minorities, women and younger individuals in the BRFSS survey. CONCLUSION: Future research should examine alternative approaches to increase response rate (eg, mixed mode) and to adjust for non-response (eg, multiple imputation).
Brent A Coull - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of differential privacy and Census tract data source Decennial Census versus american community survey for monitoring health inequities
American Journal of Public Health, 2021Co-Authors: Nancy Krieger, Rachel C Nethery, Jarvis T Chen, Pamela D Waterman, Emily M Wright, Tamara Rushovich, Brent A CoullAbstract:Objectives. To investigate how Census tract (CT) estimates of mortality rates and inequities are affected by (1) differential privacy (DP), whereby the public Decennial Census (DC) data are injecte...
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Comparing denominator sources for real-time disease incidence modeling: American Community Survey and WorldPop
'Elsevier BV', 2021Co-Authors: Rachel C Nethery, Nancy Krieger, Jarvis T Chen, Pamela D Waterman, Tamara Rushovich, Emily Peterson, Lance Waller, Brent A CoullAbstract:Across the United States public health community in 2020, in the midst of a pandemic and increased concern regarding racial/ethnic health disparities, there is widespread concern about our ability to accurately estimate small-area disease incidence rates due to the absence of a recent Census to obtain reliable population denominators. 2010 Decennial Census data are likely outdated, and intercensal population estimates from the Census Bureau, which are less temporally misaligned with real-time disease incidence data, are not recommended for use with small areas. Machine learning-based population estimates are an attractive option but have not been validated for use in epidemiologic studies. Treating 2010 Decennial Census counts as a “ground truth”, we conduct a case study to compare the performance of alternative small-area population denominator estimates from surrounding years for modeling real-time disease incidence rates. Our case study focuses on modeling health disparities in Census tract incidence rates in Massachusetts, using population size estimates from the American Community Survey (ACS), the most commonly-used intercensal small-area population data in epidemiology, and WorldPop, a machine learning model for high-resolution population size estimation. Through simulation studies and an analysis of real premature mortality data, we evaluate whether WorldPop denominators can provide improved performance relative to ACS for quantifying disparities using both Census tract-aggregate and race-stratified modeling approaches. We find that biases induced in parameter estimates due to temporally incompatible incidence and denominator data tend to be larger for race-stratified models than for area-aggregate models. In most scenarios considered here, WorldPop denominators lead to greater bias in estimates of health disparities than ACS denominators. These insights will assist researchers in intercensal years to select appropriate population size estimates for modeling disparities in real-time disease incidence. We highlight implications for health disparity studies in the coming decade, as 2020 Census counts may introduce new sources of error
Thomas Mule - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparing the u s Decennial Census coverage estimates for children from demographic analysis and coverage measurement surveys
Population Research and Policy Review, 2016Co-Authors: William P Ohare, Gregory J Robinson, Kirsten West, Thomas MuleAbstract:Abstract Following every U.S. Decennial Census since 1960, the U.S. Census Bureau has evaluated the completeness of coverage using two different methods. Demographic analysis (DA) compares the Census counts to a set of independent population estimates to infer coverage differences by age, sex, and race. The survey-based approach (also called dual system estimation or DSE) provides coverage estimates based on matching data from a post-enumeration survey to Census records. This paper reviews the fundamentals of the two methodological approaches and then initially examines the results of these two methods for the 2010 Decennial Census in terms of consistency and inconsistency for age groups. The authors find that the two methods produce relatively consistent results for all age groups, except for young children. Consequently, the paper focuses on the results for children. Results of the 1990, 2000, and 2010 Decennial Censuses are shown for the overall population in this age group and by demographic detail (age, race, and Hispanic origin). Among children, the DA and DSE results are most inconsistent for the population aged 0–4 and most consistent for ages 10–17. Results also show that DA and DSE are more consistent for Black than non-Black populations. The authors discuss possible explanations for the differences in the two methods for young children and conclude that the DSE approach may underestimate the net undercount of young children due to correlation bias.
