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Eduardo Massad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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maintenance of the haematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus in captivity for experimental studies on rabies
Chiroptera Neotropical, 2012Co-Authors: Marilene Fernandes De Almeida, Luzia Fatima Alves Martorelli, Caroline C Aires, R F Barros, Eduardo MassadAbstract:Current knowledge concerning rabies transmission by the haematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus is considerable. However, many aspects of the relationship between haematophagous bats and rabies still remain uninvestigated or contradictory. In an attempt to investigate some of these aspects, our group designed a cage system developed for the purpose of experimentally investigating rabies infections and the oral rabies immunization of haematophagous bats. The cages are made of polycarbonate, a transparent material that allows for total visualization of the bats for observation, photos and video monitoring and resistant to effects to bats excreta. Nine cages with independent air supply and exhaust systems are maintained on a stand. A prefilter unit using inner and outer HEPA filters guarantees air supply to bats through the cage interior, and air exhaustion provides for safe conditions for researchers. Drinking bottles are located externally. Adequate consumption of defibrinated blood, weight maintenance, low bat mortality (16.4%) and longevity are demonstrated herein. The maintenance of bats in these cages decreases the necessity of handling them and is consistent with the conclusion that the bats adapt well to captivity in this type of cage. Keywords: cage, captivity, Desmodus rotundus, rabies, vampire bats.
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vaccinating the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus against rabies
Virus Research, 2008Co-Authors: Marilene Fernandes De Almeida, Eduardo Massad, Luzia Fatima Alves Martorelli, Caroline C Aires, R F BarrosAbstract:The objective of this study was to extend the previous work of indirect oral rabies immunization of vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) maintained in captivity, which demonstrated the immunogenicity of the V-RG vaccine (Vaccinia-Rabies Glycoprotein) and indicated that although the results had been encouraging, a new method for concentrating the vaccine should be tested in order to avoid vaccine loss and increase the survival proportion of bats after rabies challenge. In this study, three groups of seven bats each were tested with vaccine concentrated by ultrafiltration through a cellulose membrane. The vaccine was homogenized in Vaseline paste and applied to the back of one vector bat, which was then reintroduced into its group. A dose of 105.0 MICLD50 rabies virus was used by intramuscular route to challenge the bats postvaccination. The survival proportion in the three groups after the challenge was 71.4%, 71.4% and 100%.
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indirect oral immunization of captive vampires Desmodus rotundus
Virus Research, 2005Co-Authors: Marilene Fernandes De Almeida, Eduardo Massad, Luzia Fatima Alves Martorelli, Caroline C Aires, Paulo Cesar SallumAbstract:A vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant virus (V-RG) vaccine was tested in hematophagous bats (Desmodus rotundus) kept in captivity. The vaccine was applied in a neutral vehicle (Vaseline) spread on the back of one or two vector bats, which were then reintroduced into their groups. Our hypothesis was that, as in the case of vampire bat control by vampiricide paste, the administration of V-RG vaccine through paste to one bat could indirectly protect other bats from the same group. Eight groups were tested. The rabies virus strain used to challenge the bats was isolated from a naturally infected hematophagous bat (Desmodus rotundus). The survival proportion after the virus challenge ranged between 42.8 and 71.4%. The results are encouraging because a significant number of bats that did not receive the vaccine survived the challenge. The vaccine was shown to be safe and immunogenic to hematophagous bats. No adverse effects to vaccinia virus were observed.
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experimental rabies infection in haematophagous bats Desmodus rotundus
Epidemiology and Infection, 2005Co-Authors: Marilene Fernandes De Almeida, Luzia Fatima Alves Martorelli, Caroline C Aires, P C Sallum, Edison Luiz Durigon, Eduardo MassadAbstract:In order to determine the susceptibility and serum neutralizing antibody response of Desmodus rotundus to rabies virus, bats were inoculated with a virus isolated from a naturally infected haematophagous bat. Bats were divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Dilutions of rabies virus containing 100, 1000, 10,000 and 100,000 MICLD50 (lethal dose 50% for mice inoculated by the intracerebral route) were administrated in the pectoral muscle. The presence of rabies virus was detected in brain and salivary glands by fluorescent antibody, mouse inoculation and RT-PCR. The observed mortality for each virus dose was 0, 20, 20 and 60% respectively. Serum neutralizing antibodies were tested for by the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test, and antibody titres greater than 0.5 IU/ml were found in 53% of bats 30 days after virus inoculation. Resistance to infection was seen in bats that developed low or no detectable antibody response as well as in bats with high titres. Among the 10 bats that died of rabies, eight showed signs of paralytic rabies and two bats showed no clinical signs.
Antoinette J. Piaggio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and average of sensitivity and specificity ((sensitivity + specificity)/2) statistics using test data and the cross-validation mean for each of 5 species distribution model (SDM) app
2018Co-Authors: Mark A. Hayes, Antoinette J. PiaggioAbstract:Comparison of area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and average of sensitivity and specificity ((sensitivity + specificity)/2) statistics using test data and the cross-validation mean for each of 5 species distribution model (SDM) approaches using the final set of predictor variables in modeling potential habitat suitability and distribution of common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) in North America.
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Final set of five predictor variables used in modeling potential habitat suitability and distribution of common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in North America under current climate and future climate projections.
2018Co-Authors: Mark A. Hayes, Antoinette J. PiaggioAbstract:Final set of five predictor variables used in modeling potential habitat suitability and distribution of common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in North America under current climate and future climate projections.
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Variable importance using increase in area under the curve (AUC) statistic when each predictor variable is permuted using 5 species distribution model approaches to model patterns of habitat suitability and distribution of common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in North America.
2018Co-Authors: Mark A. Hayes, Antoinette J. PiaggioAbstract:Variable importance using increase in area under the curve (AUC) statistic when each predictor variable is permuted using 5 species distribution model approaches to model patterns of habitat suitability and distribution of common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in North America.
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Spatial extent and occurrence record locations of common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in North America.
2018Co-Authors: Mark A. Hayes, Antoinette J. PiaggioAbstract:The spatial extent is indicated by grey background. Black dots represent 1,029 occupied pixels using 7,094 individual occurrence records for vampire bats in México. The white stars indicate fossil locations of vampire bats (genus Desmodus) known from the United States and Cuba.
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Development of polymorphic microsatellite loci for the common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus (Chiroptera: Phylostomidae)
2008Co-Authors: Antoinette J. PiaggioAbstract:The common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is one of three haematophagous species of bats and the only species in this genus. These New World bats prey on mammals and create significant economic impacts through transmission of rabies in areas where livestock are prevalent. Furthermore, in some portions of their range, it is not uncommon for them to prey upon humans. It is critical to the management of this species and for understanding the spread of bat rabies that detailed studies of D. rotundus population structure be conducted. To further such studies, we have characterized 12 microsatellite loci for this species.
Marilene Fernandes De Almeida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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maintenance of the haematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus in captivity for experimental studies on rabies
Chiroptera Neotropical, 2012Co-Authors: Marilene Fernandes De Almeida, Luzia Fatima Alves Martorelli, Caroline C Aires, R F Barros, Eduardo MassadAbstract:Current knowledge concerning rabies transmission by the haematophagous bat Desmodus rotundus is considerable. However, many aspects of the relationship between haematophagous bats and rabies still remain uninvestigated or contradictory. In an attempt to investigate some of these aspects, our group designed a cage system developed for the purpose of experimentally investigating rabies infections and the oral rabies immunization of haematophagous bats. The cages are made of polycarbonate, a transparent material that allows for total visualization of the bats for observation, photos and video monitoring and resistant to effects to bats excreta. Nine cages with independent air supply and exhaust systems are maintained on a stand. A prefilter unit using inner and outer HEPA filters guarantees air supply to bats through the cage interior, and air exhaustion provides for safe conditions for researchers. Drinking bottles are located externally. Adequate consumption of defibrinated blood, weight maintenance, low bat mortality (16.4%) and longevity are demonstrated herein. The maintenance of bats in these cages decreases the necessity of handling them and is consistent with the conclusion that the bats adapt well to captivity in this type of cage. Keywords: cage, captivity, Desmodus rotundus, rabies, vampire bats.
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vaccinating the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus against rabies
Virus Research, 2008Co-Authors: Marilene Fernandes De Almeida, Eduardo Massad, Luzia Fatima Alves Martorelli, Caroline C Aires, R F BarrosAbstract:The objective of this study was to extend the previous work of indirect oral rabies immunization of vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) maintained in captivity, which demonstrated the immunogenicity of the V-RG vaccine (Vaccinia-Rabies Glycoprotein) and indicated that although the results had been encouraging, a new method for concentrating the vaccine should be tested in order to avoid vaccine loss and increase the survival proportion of bats after rabies challenge. In this study, three groups of seven bats each were tested with vaccine concentrated by ultrafiltration through a cellulose membrane. The vaccine was homogenized in Vaseline paste and applied to the back of one vector bat, which was then reintroduced into its group. A dose of 105.0 MICLD50 rabies virus was used by intramuscular route to challenge the bats postvaccination. The survival proportion in the three groups after the challenge was 71.4%, 71.4% and 100%.
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indirect oral immunization of captive vampires Desmodus rotundus
Virus Research, 2005Co-Authors: Marilene Fernandes De Almeida, Eduardo Massad, Luzia Fatima Alves Martorelli, Caroline C Aires, Paulo Cesar SallumAbstract:A vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant virus (V-RG) vaccine was tested in hematophagous bats (Desmodus rotundus) kept in captivity. The vaccine was applied in a neutral vehicle (Vaseline) spread on the back of one or two vector bats, which were then reintroduced into their groups. Our hypothesis was that, as in the case of vampire bat control by vampiricide paste, the administration of V-RG vaccine through paste to one bat could indirectly protect other bats from the same group. Eight groups were tested. The rabies virus strain used to challenge the bats was isolated from a naturally infected hematophagous bat (Desmodus rotundus). The survival proportion after the virus challenge ranged between 42.8 and 71.4%. The results are encouraging because a significant number of bats that did not receive the vaccine survived the challenge. The vaccine was shown to be safe and immunogenic to hematophagous bats. No adverse effects to vaccinia virus were observed.
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experimental rabies infection in haematophagous bats Desmodus rotundus
Epidemiology and Infection, 2005Co-Authors: Marilene Fernandes De Almeida, Luzia Fatima Alves Martorelli, Caroline C Aires, P C Sallum, Edison Luiz Durigon, Eduardo MassadAbstract:In order to determine the susceptibility and serum neutralizing antibody response of Desmodus rotundus to rabies virus, bats were inoculated with a virus isolated from a naturally infected haematophagous bat. Bats were divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Dilutions of rabies virus containing 100, 1000, 10,000 and 100,000 MICLD50 (lethal dose 50% for mice inoculated by the intracerebral route) were administrated in the pectoral muscle. The presence of rabies virus was detected in brain and salivary glands by fluorescent antibody, mouse inoculation and RT-PCR. The observed mortality for each virus dose was 0, 20, 20 and 60% respectively. Serum neutralizing antibodies were tested for by the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test, and antibody titres greater than 0.5 IU/ml were found in 53% of bats 30 days after virus inoculation. Resistance to infection was seen in bats that developed low or no detectable antibody response as well as in bats with high titres. Among the 10 bats that died of rabies, eight showed signs of paralytic rabies and two bats showed no clinical signs.
Herrmann G.p. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Combat of Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geofroy, 1810) in the Cordisburgo and Curvelo carstic region, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Escola de Veterinária, 2002Co-Authors: Almeida E.o., Moreira E.c., Naveda L.a.b., Herrmann G.p.Abstract:Com o objetivo de avaliar em uma região cárstica o tipo de refúgio, as espécies de morcegos, a população de animais domésticos, as associações interespecíficas nas coabitações com outros mamíferos silvestres suscetíveis à raiva e a eficácia da warfarina aplicada no dorso do Desmodus rotundus rotundus foi realizada uma pesquisa de maio de 1998 a março de 2000, nos municípios de Cordisburgo e Curvelo, Minas Gerais. Em 49 refúgios vistoriados, 29 naturais e 20 artificiais, localizados em 14 propriedades, encontrou-se o Desmodus rotundus rotundus em 18 abrigos naturais. Destes, 17 eram cavernas formadas pela dissolução ou abatimento de rocha calcária, típica do carste, e um era túnel escavado na terra pela ação das águas de um rio. As características geomorfológicas e de localização espacial foram registradas com base nas coordenadas geográficas, obtidas com auxílio de um sensor geográfico de posição. Nesses abrigos foram capturados e identificados 1457 morcegos de 14 espécies, sendo 640 Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766), 566 Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 73 Anoura geoffroyi (Gray 1838), 58 Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823), 38 Diphylla ecaudata ecaudata (Spix, 1823), 23 Platyhrrinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 16 Lasiurus ega (Gervais, 1856), 14 Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), 13 Phyllostomus hastatus hastatus (Pallas, 1767), 9 Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818), 3 Mimmon bennettii (Gray, 1838), 2 Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821), 1 Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) e 1 Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843). Não se conseguiu isolar ou detectar o vírus rábico no cérebro de 25 hematófagos selecionados e em 52 de outras espécies. A maioria desses abrigos também era usada por pacas (Agouti paca Linnaues, 1766), capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Linnaues, 1766), guaxinins (Procyon cancrivorus, G. Cuvier, 1798) e raposas (Lycalopex vetulus, Lund, 1842) que são suscetíveis à raiva. Em 546 Desmodus rotundus rotundus foi aplicada na região interescapular, aproximadamente um grama de uma pasta contendo warfarina dissolvida em vaselina, na razão de dois gramas para cada 100 gramas do produto. Observou-se redução significativa na incidência de mordeduras em bovinos e eqüídeos e na presença ou vestígios recentes de Desmodus rotundus rotundus em quatro abrigos dos 18 que estavam habitados no início do trabalho. Nas vistorias pós-tratamento dos vampiros com warfarina, em todos os abrigos, não se encontraram morcegos não hematófagos ou mamíferos mortos ou com sinais clínicos de intoxicação atribuíveis ao anticoagulante.Between May 1998 and March 2000, a carstic region was studied to evaluate existing bat species, their roosts, nearby domestic animal populations, wild mammals susceptible to rabies sharing same roosts and the efficiency of warfarin when applied to Desmodus rotundus rotundus dorsal area. The 480km² studied area included Cordisburgo and Curvelo counties, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Searching roosts sheltering blood sucking bats and other wild animals, 49 roosts were found, being 29 of them natural. Desmodus rotundus rotundus bats were present in 18 natural roosts. Seventeen of these caves were formed by calcarium rock dissolution or fall, both typical occurrence in the carste, and one tunnel carved through the action of a former river. The geomorphological characteristics and spatial locations, based on their geographics coordinates, were obtained with the help of a geographic position sensor (GPS). In these roosts 1457 bats of 14 species roosts were captured and identified being 640 Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766), 566 Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 73 Anoura geoffroyi (Gray 1838), 58 Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823), 38 Diphylla ecaudata ecaudata (Spix, 1823), 23 Platyhrrinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 16 Lasiurus ega (Gervais, 1856), 14 Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), 13 Phyllostomus hastatus hastatus (Pallas, 1767), 9 Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818), 3 Mimmon bennettii (Gray, 1838), 2 Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821), 1 Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) and 1 Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843). The brains of 25 blood sucking bats and 52 of other species were selected for exam by direct imunofluorescence and inoculation in mice, but no rabies virus was detected. The majority of the roosts were also used by pacas (Agouti paca Linnaeus, 1766), water-hog (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Linnaeus, 1766), raccoons (Procyon cancrivorus, G. Cuvier, 1798) and foxes (Licalopex vetulus, Lund, 1842) all of each are also susceptible to rabies. In 546 Desmodus rotundus rotundus it was applied on interescapular area, approximately 1 gram of paste with warfarin dissolved in vaselin, being 2 grams for each 100 grams of the product. In the final evaluation, it was observed significant decrease in the incidence of bites in cattle and horses and the presence of recent traces of Desmodus rotundus rotundus, which were observed only in four out of 18 roosts. After the treatment of the blood sucking bats with warfarin, in all former roosts, no non sucking blood bat, nor mammal with clinical signs of intoxication attributed to the anticoagulant were found
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Combate ao Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy,1810) na região cárstica de Cordisburgo e Curvelo, Minas Gerais
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2002Co-Authors: Almeida E.o., Moreira E.c., Naveda L.a.b., Herrmann G.p.Abstract:Com o objetivo de avaliar em uma região cárstica o tipo de refúgio, as espécies de morcegos, a população de animais domésticos, as associações interespecíficas nas coabitações com outros mamíferos silvestres suscetíveis à raiva e a eficácia da warfarina aplicada no dorso do Desmodus rotundus rotundus foi realizada uma pesquisa de maio de 1998 a março de 2000, nos municípios de Cordisburgo e Curvelo, Minas Gerais. Em 49 refúgios vistoriados, 29 naturais e 20 artificiais, localizados em 14 propriedades, encontrou-se o Desmodus rotundus rotundus em 18 abrigos naturais. Destes, 17 eram cavernas formadas pela dissolução ou abatimento de rocha calcária, típica do carste, e um era túnel escavado na terra pela ação das águas de um rio. As características geomorfológicas e de localização espacial foram registradas com base nas coordenadas geográficas, obtidas com auxílio de um sensor geográfico de posição. Nesses abrigos foram capturados e identificados 1457 morcegos de 14 espécies, sendo 640 Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766), 566 Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 73 Anoura geoffroyi (Gray 1838), 58 Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823), 38 Diphylla ecaudata ecaudata (Spix, 1823), 23 Platyhrrinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 16 Lasiurus ega (Gervais, 1856), 14 Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), 13 Phyllostomus hastatus hastatus (Pallas, 1767), 9 Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818), 3 Mimmon bennettii (Gray, 1838), 2 Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821), 1 Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) e 1 Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843). Não se conseguiu isolar ou detectar o vírus rábico no cérebro de 25 hematófagos selecionados e em 52 de outras espécies. A maioria desses abrigos também era usada por pacas (Agouti paca Linnaues, 1766), capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Linnaues, 1766), guaxinins (Procyon cancrivorus, G. Cuvier, 1798) e raposas (Lycalopex vetulus, Lund, 1842) que são suscetíveis à raiva. Em 546 Desmodus rotundus rotundus foi aplicada na região interescapular, aproximadamente um grama de uma pasta contendo warfarina dissolvida em vaselina, na razão de dois gramas para cada 100 gramas do produto. Observou-se redução significativa na incidência de mordeduras em bovinos e eqüídeos e na presença ou vestígios recentes de Desmodus rotundus rotundus em quatro abrigos dos 18 que estavam habitados no início do trabalho. Nas vistorias pós-tratamento dos vampiros com warfarina, em todos os abrigos, não se encontraram morcegos não hematófagos ou mamíferos mortos ou com sinais clínicos de intoxicação atribuíveis ao anticoagulante
G.p. Herrmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Combate ao Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy,1810) na região cárstica de Cordisburgo e Curvelo, Minas Gerais Combat of Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geofroy, 1810) in the Cordisburgo and Curvelo carstic region, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2002Co-Authors: E.o. Almeida, E.c. Moreira, L.a.b. Naveda, G.p. HerrmannAbstract:Com o objetivo de avaliar em uma região cárstica o tipo de refúgio, as espécies de morcegos, a população de animais domésticos, as associações interespecíficas nas coabitações com outros mamíferos silvestres suscetíveis à raiva e a eficácia da warfarina aplicada no dorso do Desmodus rotundus rotundus foi realizada uma pesquisa de maio de 1998 a março de 2000, nos municípios de Cordisburgo e Curvelo, Minas Gerais. Em 49 refúgios vistoriados, 29 naturais e 20 artificiais, localizados em 14 propriedades, encontrou-se o Desmodus rotundus rotundus em 18 abrigos naturais. Destes, 17 eram cavernas formadas pela dissolução ou abatimento de rocha calcária, típica do carste, e um era túnel escavado na terra pela ação das águas de um rio. As características geomorfológicas e de localização espacial foram registradas com base nas coordenadas geográficas, obtidas com auxílio de um sensor geográfico de posição. Nesses abrigos foram capturados e identificados 1457 morcegos de 14 espécies, sendo 640 Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766), 566 Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 73 Anoura geoffroyi (Gray 1838), 58 Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823), 38 Diphylla ecaudata ecaudata (Spix, 1823), 23 Platyhrrinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 16 Lasiurus ega (Gervais, 1856), 14 Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), 13 Phyllostomus hastatus hastatus (Pallas, 1767), 9 Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818), 3 Mimmon bennettii (Gray, 1838), 2 Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821), 1 Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) e 1 Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843). Não se conseguiu isolar ou detectar o vírus rábico no cérebro de 25 hematófagos selecionados e em 52 de outras espécies. A maioria desses abrigos também era usada por pacas (Agouti paca Linnaues, 1766), capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Linnaues, 1766), guaxinins (Procyon cancrivorus, G. Cuvier, 1798) e raposas (Lycalopex vetulus, Lund, 1842) que são suscetíveis à raiva. Em 546 Desmodus rotundus rotundus foi aplicada na região interescapular, aproximadamente um grama de uma pasta contendo warfarina dissolvida em vaselina, na razão de dois gramas para cada 100 gramas do produto. Observou-se redução significativa na incidência de mordeduras em bovinos e eqüídeos e na presença ou vestígios recentes de Desmodus rotundus rotundus em quatro abrigos dos 18 que estavam habitados no início do trabalho. Nas vistorias pós-tratamento dos vampiros com warfarina, em todos os abrigos, não se encontraram morcegos não hematófagos ou mamíferos mortos ou com sinais clínicos de intoxicação atribuíveis ao anticoagulante.Between May 1998 and March 2000, a carstic region was studied to evaluate existing bat species, their roosts, nearby domestic animal populations, wild mammals susceptible to rabies sharing same roosts and the efficiency of warfarin when applied to Desmodus rotundus rotundus dorsal area. The 480km² studied area included Cordisburgo and Curvelo counties, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Searching roosts sheltering blood sucking bats and other wild animals, 49 roosts were found, being 29 of them natural. Desmodus rotundus rotundus bats were present in 18 natural roosts. Seventeen of these caves were formed by calcarium rock dissolution or fall, both typical occurrence in the carste, and one tunnel carved through the action of a former river. The geomorphological characteristics and spatial locations, based on their geographics coordinates, were obtained with the help of a geographic position sensor (GPS). In these roosts 1457 bats of 14 species roosts were captured and identified being 640 Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766), 566 Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 73 Anoura geoffroyi (Gray 1838), 58 Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823), 38 Diphylla ecaudata ecaudata (Spix, 1823), 23 Platyhrrinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 16 Lasiurus ega (Gervais, 1856), 14 Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), 13 Phyllostomus hastatus hastatus (Pallas, 1767), 9 Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818), 3 Mimmon bennettii (Gray, 1838), 2 Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821), 1 Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) and 1 Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843). The brains of 25 blood sucking bats and 52 of other species were selected for exam by direct imunofluorescence and inoculation in mice, but no rabies virus was detected. The majority of the roosts were also used by pacas (Agouti paca Linnaeus, 1766), water-hog (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Linnaeus, 1766), raccoons (Procyon cancrivorus, G. Cuvier, 1798) and foxes (Licalopex vetulus, Lund, 1842) all of each are also susceptible to rabies. In 546 Desmodus rotundus rotundus it was applied on interescapular area, approximately 1 gram of paste with warfarin dissolved in vaselin, being 2 grams for each 100 grams of the product. In the final evaluation, it was observed significant decrease in the incidence of bites in cattle and horses and the presence of recent traces of Desmodus rotundus rotundus, which were observed only in four out of 18 roosts. After the treatment of the blood sucking bats with warfarin, in all former roosts, no non sucking blood bat, nor mammal with clinical signs of intoxication attributed to the anticoagulant were found
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Combate ao Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy,1810) na região cárstica de Cordisburgo e Curvelo, Minas Gerais
Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 2002Co-Authors: E.o. Almeida, E.c. Moreira, L.a.b. Naveda, G.p. HerrmannAbstract:Between May 1998 and March 2000, a carstic region was studied to evaluate existing bat species, their roosts, nearby domestic animal populations, wild mammals susceptible to rabies sharing same roosts and the efficiency of warfarin when applied to Desmodus rotundus rotundus dorsal area. The 480km2 studied area included Cordisburgo and Curvelo counties, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Searching roosts sheltering blood sucking bats and other wild animals, 49 roosts were found, being 29 of them natural. Desmodus rotundus rotundus bats were present in 18 natural roosts. Seventeen of these caves were formed by calcarium rock dissolution or fall, both typical occurrence in the carste, and one tunnel carved through the action of a former river. The geomorphological characteristics and spatial locations, based on their geographics coordinates, were obtained with the help of a geographic position sensor (GPS). In these roosts 1457 bats of 14 species roosts were captured and identified being 640 Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766), 566 Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 73 Anoura geoffroyi (Gray 1838), 58 Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823), 38 Diphylla ecaudata ecaudata (Spix, 1823), 23 Platyhrrinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), 16 Lasiurus ega (Gervais, 1856), 14 Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758), 13 Phyllostomus hastatus hastatus (Pallas, 1767), 9 Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818), 3 Mimmon bennettii (Gray, 1838), 2 Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821), 1 Eptesicus brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) and 1 Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843). The brains of 25 blood sucking bats and 52 of other species were selected for exam by direct imunofluorescence and inoculation in mice, but no rabies virus was detected. The majority of the roosts were also used by pacas (Agouti paca Linnaeus, 1766), water-hog (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Linnaeus, 1766), raccoons (Procyon cancrivorus, G. Cuvier, 1798) and foxes (Licalopex vetulus, Lund, 1842) all of each are also susceptible to rabies. In 546 Desmodus rotundus rotundus it was applied on interescapular area, approximately 1 gram of paste with warfarin dissolved in vaselin, being 2 grams for each 100 grams of the product. In the final evaluation, it was observed significant decrease in the incidence of bites in cattle and horses and the presence of recent traces of Desmodus rotundus rotundus, which were observed only in four out of 18 roosts. After the treatment of the blood sucking bats with warfarin, in all former roosts, no non sucking blood bat, nor mammal with clinical signs of intoxication attributed to the anticoagulant were found.