The Experts below are selected from a list of 597 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Virginia C. Moser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Age-related differences in acute neurotoxicity produced by mevinphos, monocrotophos, Dicrotophos, and phosphamidon.
Neurotoxicology and teratology, 2011Co-Authors: Virginia C. MoserAbstract:Abstract Age-related differences in the acute neurotoxicity of cholinesterase (ChE)-inhibiting pesticides have been well-studied for a few organophosphates, but not for many others. In this study, we directly compared dose-responses using brain and red blood cell (RBC) ChE measurements, along with motor activity, for mevinphos, monocrotophos, Dicrotophos, and phosphamidon. Long–Evans hooded male rats were tested as adults and at postnatal day (PND) 17; PND11 pups were also tested with Dicrotophos only. All chemicals were administered via oral gavage and tests were conducted at times intended to span peak behavioral and ChE effects. All OPs tested produced a rapid onset and recovery from the behavioral effects. There were age-related differences in the inhibition of brain, but not necessarily RBC, ChE. Mevinphos was clearly more toxic, up to 4-fold, to the young rat. On the other hand, monocrotophos, Dicrotophos, and phosphamidon were somewhat more toxic to the young rat, but the magnitude of the differences was
P. Glynn Tillman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Feeding Responses of Trichopoda pennipes (F.) (Diptera: Tachinidae) to Selected Insecticides
Journal of Entomological Science, 2006Co-Authors: P. Glynn TillmanAbstract:Feeding responses of the parasitoid Trichopoda pennipes (F.) to acetamiprid, cyfluthrin, Dicrotophos, indoxacarb, oxamyl, and thiamethoxam were determined in laboratory tests. Trichopoda pennipes adults exhibited repellency to a sugar water food source treated with oxamyl, cyfluthrin, indoxacarb, and acetamiprid and diminution of feeding when they actually fed on sugar water containing any of the insecticides. Although four of the insecticides in this study exhibited antifeedant activity, ingestion of food treated with any of these compounds always resulted in the death of the flies. Therefore, repellency to the insecticides was the only response by the flies that insured their survival.
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Susceptibility of pest Nezara viridula (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) and parasitoid Trichopoda pennipes (Diptera: Tachinidae) to selected insecticides.
Journal of economic entomology, 2006Co-Authors: P. Glynn TillmanAbstract:Susceptibility of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), and its endoparasitoid Trichopoda pennipes (F.) (Diptera: Tachinidae) to acetamiprid, cyfluthrin, Dicrotophos, indoxacarb, oxamyl, and thiamethoxam was compared in residual and oral toxicity tests. In the residual toxicity test, cyfluthrin, Dicrotophos, and oxamyl were highly toxic to N. viridula. Thiamethoxam was moderately toxic to these insects. Each of the four insecticides was highly toxic to T. pennipes after prolonged tarsal contact with dried residues of these chemicals. In the oral toxicity test, where N. viridula fed on food covered with insecticide residues, none of the insecticides were toxic to adults of this stink bug, but acetamiprid, Dicrotophos, and thiamethoxam were moderately toxic to the nymphs. In the oral toxicity test, where N. viridula fed on a gel-food containing insecticides, cyfluthrin, Dicrotophos, oxamyl, and thiamethoxam were highly toxic to this stink bug. In an oral toxicity test using contaminated sugar water, all of the insecticides were highly toxic to T. pennipes. Because insecticides were as toxic, or more toxic, to T. pennipes than to N. viridula, it is extremely important to conserve this parasitoid by applying these insecticides for control of southern green stink bugs only when the pest reaches economic threshold.
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Effect of selected insecticides on the leaffooted bug (Hemiptera: Coreidae)
Journal of Entomological Science, 2006Co-Authors: P. Glynn TillmanAbstract:This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of acetamiprid (577 µg/ml), Dicrotophos (3806 µg/ml), oxamyl (2883 µg/ml) and thiamethoxam (715 µg/ml) on 2nd and 4th instars, and adults of the leaffooted bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus. Residual toxicity experiments were conducted to determine the effect on leaffooted bugs when walking on residues of the insecticides in Petri dishes. Oral toxicity experiments were conducted to determine the effect on leaffooted bugs when feeding on food contaminated with insecticide residues. In residual toxicity tests, a significant insecticide effect was detected for percentage mortality data 4 days after treatment of 2nd and 4th instars and adults. Residues of all insecticides were highly toxic to 2nd instars. Residues of acetamiprid, Dicrotophos and oxamyl were highly toxic to 4th instars, but thiamethoxam was only slightly toxic to these immature leaffooted bugs. Residues of Dicrotophos were more toxic to adults than residues of the other three insecticides. Acetamiprid was moderately toxic, oxamyl was slightly toxic, and thiamethoxam was almost non-toxic to adults in these tests. In oral toxicity tests, a significant insecticide effect was detected for percentage mortality data 4 days after treatment of 2nd and 4th instars, and adults. Oxamyl was not very toxic to all developmental stages of the leaffooted bug feeding on insecticide-treated pole beans [? Phaseolus vulgaris]. The other three insecticides were moderately toxic to 2nd instars feeding on food covered with insecticide residues. Dicrotophos was very toxic to adults. Thiamethoxam was moderately toxic whereas acetamiprid was non-toxic to 4th instars and adults.
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Comparison of Susceptibility of Pest Euschistus servus and Predator Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) to Selected Insecticides
Journal of economic entomology, 2004Co-Authors: P. Glynn Tillman, Benjamin G. MullinixAbstract:Susceptibility of the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say), and the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Say), to acetamiprid, cyfluthrin, Dicrotophos, indoxacarb, oxamyl, and thiamethoxam, was compared in residual and oral toxicity tests. Generally, susceptibility of P. maculiventris to insecticides was significantly greater than or not significantly different from that of E. servus. Cyfluthrin and oxamyl were more toxic to the predator than to E. servus in residual and feeding tests, respectively. Dicrotophos is the only compound that exhibited both good residual and oral activity against E. servus, but even this toxicant was more toxic to the predator than to the pest in oral toxicity tests. Feeding on indoxacarb-treated food caused high mortality for both nymphs and adults of P. maculiventris. In contrast, E. servus was unaffected by feeding on food treated with this compound. Insecticide selectivity to P. maculiventris was detected only with acetamiprid for adults in residual toxicity tests and for nymphs in oral toxicity tests. Because insecticide selectivity to P. maculiventris was limited, it is extremely important to conserve P. maculiventris in cotton fields by applying these insecticides for control of brown stink bugs only when the pest reaches economic threshold.
Sahithi Reddy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differential pulse polarographic determination of Dicrotophos crotoxyphos and chlorfenvinphos in grains and soils
Talanta, 1997Co-Authors: N Y Sreedhar, Rajendra Kumar P Reddy, G Subba V Reddy, Sahithi ReddyAbstract:Abstract A simple, sensitive and rapid differential pulse polarographic method has been developed for the quantitative determination of organophosphorus pesticides such as Dicrotophos, crotoxyphos and chlorfenvinphos in agricultural formulations in universal buffers of a pH range 2.0–12.0. The sample is treated with ethanol to facilitate the dissolution of these pesticides. Both standard addition and calibration methods can be used for the analyses. The lower detection limits are 1.25×10 −9 , 1.05×10 −9 and 1.0×10 −9 M, respectively. The method can be applied successfully to determination of these pesticides in grains and soil.
Sungwarl Somboon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Impacts of Dicrotophos and EPN to Ecosystem of Chinese kale field
Journal of Public Health Research, 2014Co-Authors: Supaporn Chaigarun, Sungwarl SomboonAbstract:Chemical residues in soil and food products is one of most important determinants affecting health status. This experimental study on effects of Dicrotophos and EPH on ecosystem of Chinese kale’s field including biodiversity of insects and residues in 15 Chinese kale experimental fields in UbolRatchathani Province was conducted. The insect samples were randomly counted in the fields and collected using sticky traps before and after treating the fields with the chemicals. Biodiversity index (exp H’) and Species Richness Index (Esp) according to Sannon-Weiner equation were computed using Ecosim program and left residues of the two chemicals in soil and the fresh vegetable products collected from the plots were determined using gas chromatograph (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).As a result, types and numbers of insects were dramatically reduced. The biodiversity index (exp H') and species richness index (Esn) were significantly greater in the untreated fields. In addition, the contamination levels in the soil of Dicrotophos and EPN at 30 days after treated were 0.300+0.142 mg/kg and 0.150+0.053 mg/kg, respectively. These values are over the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) for 30 days after treated. The residue levels on the vegetable products at 7 days after treated were 0.176+0.095 mg/kg and 0.153+0.102 mg/kg, respectively. These contamination levels are also over the maximum residue level (MRL). The registration of the two chemicals should be terminated and the import of these chemicals must be stopped in order to support the policy of safe food production. Keyword: Dicrotophos, EPN, impacts, ecology
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Original Article Impacts of Dicrotophos and EPN to Ecosystem of Chinese kale field
2014Co-Authors: Supaporn Chaigarun, Sungwarl SomboonAbstract:Chemical residues in soil and food products is one of most important determinants affecting health status. This experimental study on effects of Dicrotophos and EPH on ecosystem of Chinese kale’s field including biodiversity of insects and residues in 15 Chinese kale experimental fields in UbolRatchathani Province was conducted. The insect samples were randomly counted in the fields and collected using sticky traps before and after treating the fields with the chemicals. Biodiversity index (exp H’) and Species Richness Index (Esp) according to Sannon-Weiner equation were computed using Ecosim program and left residues of the two chemicals in soil and the fresh vegetable products collected from the plots were determined using gas chromatograph (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).As a result, types and numbers of insects were dramatically reduced. The biodiversity index (exp H') and species richness index (Esn) were significantly greater in the untreated fields. In addition, the contamination levels in the soil of Dicrotophos and EPN at 30 days after treated were 0.300+0.142 mg/kg and 0.150+0.053 mg/kg, respectively. These values are over the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) for 30 days after treated. The residue levels on the vegetable products at 7 days after treated were 0.176+0.095 mg/kg and 0.153+0.102 mg/kg, respectively. These contamination levels are also over the maximum residue level (MRL). The registration of the two chemicals should be terminated and the import of these chemicals must be stopped in order to support the policy of safe food production. Keyword: Dicrotophos, EPN, impacts, ecology
N Y Sreedhar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differential pulse polarographic determination of Dicrotophos crotoxyphos and chlorfenvinphos in grains and soils
Talanta, 1997Co-Authors: N Y Sreedhar, Rajendra Kumar P Reddy, G Subba V Reddy, Sahithi ReddyAbstract:Abstract A simple, sensitive and rapid differential pulse polarographic method has been developed for the quantitative determination of organophosphorus pesticides such as Dicrotophos, crotoxyphos and chlorfenvinphos in agricultural formulations in universal buffers of a pH range 2.0–12.0. The sample is treated with ethanol to facilitate the dissolution of these pesticides. Both standard addition and calibration methods can be used for the analyses. The lower detection limits are 1.25×10 −9 , 1.05×10 −9 and 1.0×10 −9 M, respectively. The method can be applied successfully to determination of these pesticides in grains and soil.