The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mika Goto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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undesirable congestion under natural Disposability and desirable congestion under managerial Disposability in u s electric power industry measured by dea environmental assessment
Energy Economics, 2016Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Mika GotoAbstract:This study discusses a new use of DEA environmental assessment to measure a possible occurrence of desirable congestion, or eco-technology innovation, in electric power plants. The phenomenon is compared with an occurrence of undesirable congestion in this study. The identification of undesirable congestion is important to avoid a cost increase and a shortage of generation. However, the identification of desirable congestion is much more important than that of undesirable congestion from the perspective of environmental assessment. This study looks for a sustainable economic growth by identifying eco-technology innovation that can be effectively used to reduce the amount of air pollution so that electric power companies satisfy a governmental standard on environmental protection. The proposed approach is applied to evaluate the performance of coal-fired power plants in the United States. This study finds two policy implications. First, power plants operated by bituminous coal (i.e., black coal) outperform those with sub-bituminous coal (i.e., brawn coal). The result implies that power plants with sub-bituminous coal should be replaced by bituminous coal. Second, the undesirable congestion, due to a line limit between points of power generation and consumption, may occur on most of coal-fired power plants. In contrast, desirable congestion, due to eco-technology innovation, may occur on a limited number of power plants. Thus, the identification of desirable congestion assists us in selecting which technology, or the type of power plant, should be invested to facilitate eco-technology innovation and its related engineering management for a future sustainable economic growth.
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dea environmental assessment in time horizon radial approach for malmquist index measurement on petroleum companies
Energy Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Mika GotoAbstract:The climate change and various pollutions have been influencing our societies and economies. The environmental assessment, to be discussed in this study, is increasingly important because it serves as an initial step toward pollution prevention. Corporate leaders, policy makers, researchers and individuals who are interested in environmental protection have been paying attention to the assessment so that they can prepare policy suggestions on the global warming and climate change. As a methodology for the assessment, this study proposes a use of Data Environment Analysis (DEA) in a time horizon. Most of data sets on the climate change are sampled in a time series where the performance of organizations fluctuates every moment. In applying the DEA environmental assessment to such a data set, it is necessary for us to classify outputs into desirable (e.g., oil production) and undesirable (e.g., CO2 emission) categories because all organizations usually produce not only desirable but also undesirable outputs as a result of their economic activities. To unify the two different types of outputs, this study incorporates the concept of natural and managerial Disposability into the computational framework of DEA and extends them into a time horizon. For the research purpose, this study incorporates Malmquist index into the proposed DEA environmental assessment to examine an occurrence of a frontier shift among multiple periods. The frontier shift indicates a technology progress and/or managerial innovation during an observed period. The index is further separated into four subcomponents in a time horizon. These subcomponents are differently expressed under the natural and managerial Disposability. Thus, eight different subcomponents on the Malmquist index are proposed to measure the frontier shift. As an application, this study uses the proposed DEA approach to examine whether the frontier shift (due to technology progress) occurs or not in the petroleum industry from 2005 to 2009. Our empirical study finds that the industry has not exhibited any major frontier shift under natural Disposability, but showing a considerable frontier shift under managerial Disposability. In other words, the petroleum firms have improved their environmental performance by eco-technology to reduce an amount of CO2 emission during the observed annual periods.
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environmental assessment for corporate sustainability by resource utilization and technology innovation dea radial measurement on japanese industrial sectors
Energy Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Mika GotoAbstract:This study proposes a new use of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) radial approach to examine the corporate sustainability of Japanese industrial sectors. The concept of corporate sustainability is measured by its subcomponent measures, including UEN (Unified Efficiency under Natural Disposability), UEM (Unified Efficiency under Managerial Disposability), UENM (Unified Efficiency under Natural and Managerial Disposability), UEI (Unified Efficiency for Intermediate measurement) and UENM(DC) (Unified Efficiency under Natural and Managerial Disposability with Desirable Congestion). Among the five measures, the UEI examines a degree of how each firm can efficiently utilize its resources. The UENM(DC) examines a degree of how the firm can reduce an amount of undesirable outputs by technology innovation and/or managerial change. Such a combined use between UEI and UENM(DC) has been never explored in DEA environmental assessment. The empirical results obtained from the proposed approach have identified two important implications. One of the two implications is that the Japanese energy industry has been long under governmental regulation so that energy firms do not have corporate governance capabilities at the level of other industrial sectors which are competing in a global market. In particular, the implication is applicable to Japanese electric power firms. It is necessary for them to change their corporate governances (e.g., by adding new executive board members who have international experience and/or woman executives, as widely found in American and European energy industries) so that they can pay attention to consumers, not regulatory agencies of the Japanese government. The other implication is that technology innovation can more effectively improve the performance of the energy sector. Employing high efficiency and low carbon generation technologies to achieve desirable fuel mix is essential for improving the corporate sustainability of the Japanese energy sector.
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environmental assessment for corporate sustainability by resource utilization and technology innovation dea radial measurement on japanese industrial sectors
Energy Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Mika GotoAbstract:Abstract This study proposes a new use of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) radial approach to examine the corporate sustainability of Japanese industrial sectors. The concept of corporate sustainability is measured by its subcomponent measures, including UEN (Unified Efficiency under Natural Disposability), UEM (Unified Efficiency under Managerial Disposability), UENM (Unified Efficiency under Natural and Managerial Disposability), UEI (Unified Efficiency for Intermediate measurement) and UENM(DC) (Unified Efficiency under Natural and Managerial Disposability with Desirable Congestion). Among the five measures, the UEI examines a degree of how each firm can efficiently utilize its resources. The UENM(DC) examines a degree of how the firm can reduce an amount of undesirable outputs by technology innovation and/or managerial change. Such a combined use between UEI and UENM(DC) has been never explored in DEA environmental assessment. The empirical results obtained from the proposed approach have identified two important implications. One of the two implications is that the Japanese energy industry has been long under governmental regulation so that energy firms do not have corporate governance capabilities at the level of other industrial sectors which are competing in a global market. In particular, the implication is applicable to Japanese electric power firms. It is necessary for them to change their corporate governances (e.g., by adding new executive board members who have international experience and/or woman executives, as widely found in American and European energy industries) so that they can pay attention to consumers, not regulatory agencies of the Japanese government. The other implication is that technology innovation can more effectively improve the performance of the energy sector. Employing high efficiency and low carbon generation technologies to achieve desirable fuel mix is essential for improving the corporate sustainability of the Japanese energy sector.
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dea data envelopment analysis assessment of operational and environmental efficiencies on japanese regional industries
Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Mika Goto, Akihiro Otsuka, Toshiyuki SueyoshiAbstract:A balance between industrial pollution and economic growth becomes a major policy issue to attain a sustainable society in the world. To discuss the problem from economics and business perspectives, this study proposes a new use of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) as a methodology for unified (operational and environmental) assessment. A unique feature of the proposed approach is that it separates outputs into desirable and undesirable categories. Such separation is important because energy industries usually produce both desirable and undesirable outputs. This study discusses how to unify the two types of outputs under natural and managerial Disposability. The proposed DEA approach evaluates various organizations by the three efficiency measures such as OE (Operational Efficiency), UEN (Unified Efficiency under Natural Disposability) and UENM (Unified Efficiency under Natural and Managerial Disposability). An important feature of UENM is that it separates inputs into two categories and unifies them under the two Disposability concepts in addition to the proposed output separation and unification. This study incorporates an amount of capital assets for technology innovation, as one of the two input group, into the measurement of UENM. Then, it compares UENM with the other two efficiency measures. This study is the first research effort in which DEA has an analytical capability to quantify the importance of investment on capital assets for technology innovation. To confirm the practicality of the proposed approach, this study applies the three efficiency measures to a data set regarding manufacturing and non-manufacturing industries of 47 prefectures in Japan. This study empirically confirms the validity of Porter hypothesis in Japanese manufacturing industries, so implying that environmental regulation has been effective for betterment on the performance of Japanese manufacturing industries. Another important finding is that the emission of greenhouse gases is a main source of unified inefficiency in the two groups of industries. Therefore, Japanese industries, examined in this study, need to make their efforts to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution substances by investing in capital assets for technology innovation.
Toshiyuki Sueyoshi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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social sustainability of provinces in china a data envelopment analysis dea window analysis under the concepts of natural and managerial Disposability
Sustainability, 2017Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Yan Yuan, Daoping WangAbstract:Natural and managerial Disposability are two important strategic concepts, whose priorities are economic prosperity and environmental protection, respectively. This study defines social sustainability as the simultaneous achievement of economic prosperity and environmental protection, and then assesses the degree of social sustainability across provinces in China. In addition, this study combines the concepts of natural and managerial Disposability with Data Envelopment Analysis window analysis. The method allows for frontier shifts among different time periods and thus can provide more stable and reliable results. This method is applied to assess the energy and environmental performances across the provinces of China during 2003–2014, and provides detailed information about provincial variations, which are valuable and important to policy makers (especially for those in local governments). This study identifies three important findings. First, there were no significant improvements in China’s environmental performance during the analysis periods, since, historically, the governments have not paid enough attention to environmental protection. Second, there are increasing trends in the provincial gaps regarding the environmental performance. In this regard, the central government should help the poor provinces to protect the environment. Third, there are significant differences between the results obtained under natural Disposability and those obtained under managerial Disposability, since they have different priorities regarding the operational and the environmental performances. Thus, significant contributions can be made by eco-technology progress combined with managerial performance improvements by business leaders and policy makers. This can be a new policy direction for the Chinese government.
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returns to damage under undesirable congestion and damages to return under desirable congestion measured by dea environmental assessment with multiplier restriction economic and energy planning for social sustainability in china
Energy Economics, 2016Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Yan YuanAbstract:This study discusses the concept of natural and managerial Disposability from their economic and methodological implications on social sustainability development. Then, it explores their analytical linkages to a concept on “congestion.” The concept is classified into Undesirable Congestion (UC) under natural Disposability and Desirable Congestion (DC) under managerial Disposability. Considering the two Disposability concepts, this study compares between Returns to Damage (RTD) under UC and Damages to Return (DTR) under DC. Conceptually, UC and DC are conceptually different from RTD and DTR although they are closely related to each other group. An occurrence of the former measures is identified by a single negative multiplier (i.e. dual variable). In contrast, the latter measures are associated with multiple negative multipliers and an intercept of a supporting hyperplane on a production and pollution possibility set. Thus, an occurrence of UC and DC is a necessary condition, but not a sufficient condition on RTD and DTR, respectively, in terms of the number of negative multipliers on production factors. To document the practicality of the proposed approach, this study applies it to Chinese economic and environmental assessment for its economic and energy planning for social sustainability development. This study identifies four important findings: First, the Chinese government has historically paid attention to the economic prosperity, but not paying serious attention on the environmental pollution (e.g., air pollution). Second, there was an increasing trend in improving the two components (i.e., economic and environmental performance measures) regarding social sustainability. Third, China's economic and energy policy concerns have been focused upon well-developed municipalities (e.g., Beijing and Shanghai) and large provinces. Therefore, it is an important strategy for the government to allocate economic and energy resources to other provinces so that China can reduce the industrial and regional imbalances. As a result, China can enhance the level of social sustainability. Finally, the municipalities need strict regulation on traffic control in these metropolitan areas and a fuel mix shift from coal combustion to natural gas and renewable energies (e.g., solar, water, and nuclear generations). The fuel mix strategy, along with the structure change (e.g., from manufacturing to service and from public to private energy firms), will be a major industrial policy issue for China in near future.
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undesirable congestion under natural Disposability and desirable congestion under managerial Disposability in u s electric power industry measured by dea environmental assessment
Energy Economics, 2016Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Mika GotoAbstract:This study discusses a new use of DEA environmental assessment to measure a possible occurrence of desirable congestion, or eco-technology innovation, in electric power plants. The phenomenon is compared with an occurrence of undesirable congestion in this study. The identification of undesirable congestion is important to avoid a cost increase and a shortage of generation. However, the identification of desirable congestion is much more important than that of undesirable congestion from the perspective of environmental assessment. This study looks for a sustainable economic growth by identifying eco-technology innovation that can be effectively used to reduce the amount of air pollution so that electric power companies satisfy a governmental standard on environmental protection. The proposed approach is applied to evaluate the performance of coal-fired power plants in the United States. This study finds two policy implications. First, power plants operated by bituminous coal (i.e., black coal) outperform those with sub-bituminous coal (i.e., brawn coal). The result implies that power plants with sub-bituminous coal should be replaced by bituminous coal. Second, the undesirable congestion, due to a line limit between points of power generation and consumption, may occur on most of coal-fired power plants. In contrast, desirable congestion, due to eco-technology innovation, may occur on a limited number of power plants. Thus, the identification of desirable congestion assists us in selecting which technology, or the type of power plant, should be invested to facilitate eco-technology innovation and its related engineering management for a future sustainable economic growth.
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dea environmental assessment in time horizon radial approach for malmquist index measurement on petroleum companies
Energy Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Mika GotoAbstract:The climate change and various pollutions have been influencing our societies and economies. The environmental assessment, to be discussed in this study, is increasingly important because it serves as an initial step toward pollution prevention. Corporate leaders, policy makers, researchers and individuals who are interested in environmental protection have been paying attention to the assessment so that they can prepare policy suggestions on the global warming and climate change. As a methodology for the assessment, this study proposes a use of Data Environment Analysis (DEA) in a time horizon. Most of data sets on the climate change are sampled in a time series where the performance of organizations fluctuates every moment. In applying the DEA environmental assessment to such a data set, it is necessary for us to classify outputs into desirable (e.g., oil production) and undesirable (e.g., CO2 emission) categories because all organizations usually produce not only desirable but also undesirable outputs as a result of their economic activities. To unify the two different types of outputs, this study incorporates the concept of natural and managerial Disposability into the computational framework of DEA and extends them into a time horizon. For the research purpose, this study incorporates Malmquist index into the proposed DEA environmental assessment to examine an occurrence of a frontier shift among multiple periods. The frontier shift indicates a technology progress and/or managerial innovation during an observed period. The index is further separated into four subcomponents in a time horizon. These subcomponents are differently expressed under the natural and managerial Disposability. Thus, eight different subcomponents on the Malmquist index are proposed to measure the frontier shift. As an application, this study uses the proposed DEA approach to examine whether the frontier shift (due to technology progress) occurs or not in the petroleum industry from 2005 to 2009. Our empirical study finds that the industry has not exhibited any major frontier shift under natural Disposability, but showing a considerable frontier shift under managerial Disposability. In other words, the petroleum firms have improved their environmental performance by eco-technology to reduce an amount of CO2 emission during the observed annual periods.
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china s regional sustainability and diversified resource allocation dea environmental assessment on economic development and air pollution
Energy Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Yan YuanAbstract:Environmental protection, including the prevention of air pollution and health hazard materials such as PM2.5 and PM10, is now a very serious policy issue in China after attaining the rapid economic growth and development. The PM stands for “Particular Matter”, indicating the size of both solid particles and liquid droplets found in air. Unfortunately, the economic development has produced a serious healthcare problem in not only China and other surrounding nations. To enhance people's healthcare and appeal a good national image to the world, China is recently looking for the new industrial and environmental policy direction to attain social sustainability in terms of economic development and environmental prevention. To discuss policy implications on the new policy direction, this study utilizes Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for assessment on its regional performance by incorporating PM2.5 and PM10 as undesirable outputs, along with two Disposability concepts (i.e. natural Disposability and managerial Disposability). No previous DEA study has incorporated the amount of PM2.5 and PM10 in empirical investigation. Using a simulated data set for the period of 2013–2014, this study measures the efficiency of municipality cities under four different types of regional classifications. The empirical results indicate that the Chinese government should distribute its economic resources to cities, which locate in the northwest region (including Lanzhou, Xining, Yinchuan and Urumqi), and reinforce more strict regulation on energy consumptions for environmental prevention in major cities (e.g. Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing). The industrial policy change from the economic growth to the environment protection is essential for the future of China, which is currently the second largest economic power in the world. The environmental protection can enhance the China's image of contributing in economics, industry and environmental protection to all other nations. It can be envisioned that the new policy effort reduces the regional imbalance and increases the social sustainability in China. The empirical findings and policy implications discussed in this study are applicable to not only China but also other industrial and developing nations and those are useful in guiding their industrial and environmental policy development.
Ning Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the shadow prices of co2 and so2 for chinese coal fired power plants a partial frontier approach
Energy Economics, 2020Co-Authors: Xiao Wei, Ning ZhangAbstract:Shadow prices are widely employed in guiding environmental policies. This paper contributes to the literature by developing a novel partial frontier approach for estimating shadow prices. The proposed method is advanced in handling outliers, and provides a precise estimation of the marginal rate of substitution along the production frontier. To cope with the different Disposability characteristics of undesirable emissions, SO2 is treated as an environmental input that is strongly disposable. Because most different undesirable outputs are jointly reduced, this study is the first to use directional derivatives instead of partial derivatives and proposes a new separation method that separates individual directional shadow price from the cost of joint reduction of multiple undesirable outputs. We apply the proposed method to a sample of 93 coal-fired power plants covering six years. The estimated average shadow prices of CO2 and SO2 are 69 $/tonne and 2525 $/tonne under the newly developed partial frontiers. When assuming some undesirable output to be strongly disposable, both shadow prices fall (20.32 $/tonne and 1018.23 $/tonne). The present paper suggests the estimated shadow prices will be much different across different levels of Disposability. The cost of joint reduction is calculated as 91.05 $/unit given the current production level, which leads to a directional shadow price for the two undesirable outputs of 91.32 $/tonne and 1250.06 $/tonne. The estimated shadow prices for both undesirable outputs dispersed widely under the partial frontiers. Spatial distribution of estimated shadow prices shows that coastal provinces and municipalities have higher CO2 shadow prices but lower SO2 shadow prices, whereas the northeast provinces are the opposite. The CO2 shadow price is comparatively stable over the study period while the SO2 shadow price fluctuates. Policy implications are discussed.
Yan Yuan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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social sustainability of provinces in china a data envelopment analysis dea window analysis under the concepts of natural and managerial Disposability
Sustainability, 2017Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Yan Yuan, Daoping WangAbstract:Natural and managerial Disposability are two important strategic concepts, whose priorities are economic prosperity and environmental protection, respectively. This study defines social sustainability as the simultaneous achievement of economic prosperity and environmental protection, and then assesses the degree of social sustainability across provinces in China. In addition, this study combines the concepts of natural and managerial Disposability with Data Envelopment Analysis window analysis. The method allows for frontier shifts among different time periods and thus can provide more stable and reliable results. This method is applied to assess the energy and environmental performances across the provinces of China during 2003–2014, and provides detailed information about provincial variations, which are valuable and important to policy makers (especially for those in local governments). This study identifies three important findings. First, there were no significant improvements in China’s environmental performance during the analysis periods, since, historically, the governments have not paid enough attention to environmental protection. Second, there are increasing trends in the provincial gaps regarding the environmental performance. In this regard, the central government should help the poor provinces to protect the environment. Third, there are significant differences between the results obtained under natural Disposability and those obtained under managerial Disposability, since they have different priorities regarding the operational and the environmental performances. Thus, significant contributions can be made by eco-technology progress combined with managerial performance improvements by business leaders and policy makers. This can be a new policy direction for the Chinese government.
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returns to damage under undesirable congestion and damages to return under desirable congestion measured by dea environmental assessment with multiplier restriction economic and energy planning for social sustainability in china
Energy Economics, 2016Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Yan YuanAbstract:This study discusses the concept of natural and managerial Disposability from their economic and methodological implications on social sustainability development. Then, it explores their analytical linkages to a concept on “congestion.” The concept is classified into Undesirable Congestion (UC) under natural Disposability and Desirable Congestion (DC) under managerial Disposability. Considering the two Disposability concepts, this study compares between Returns to Damage (RTD) under UC and Damages to Return (DTR) under DC. Conceptually, UC and DC are conceptually different from RTD and DTR although they are closely related to each other group. An occurrence of the former measures is identified by a single negative multiplier (i.e. dual variable). In contrast, the latter measures are associated with multiple negative multipliers and an intercept of a supporting hyperplane on a production and pollution possibility set. Thus, an occurrence of UC and DC is a necessary condition, but not a sufficient condition on RTD and DTR, respectively, in terms of the number of negative multipliers on production factors. To document the practicality of the proposed approach, this study applies it to Chinese economic and environmental assessment for its economic and energy planning for social sustainability development. This study identifies four important findings: First, the Chinese government has historically paid attention to the economic prosperity, but not paying serious attention on the environmental pollution (e.g., air pollution). Second, there was an increasing trend in improving the two components (i.e., economic and environmental performance measures) regarding social sustainability. Third, China's economic and energy policy concerns have been focused upon well-developed municipalities (e.g., Beijing and Shanghai) and large provinces. Therefore, it is an important strategy for the government to allocate economic and energy resources to other provinces so that China can reduce the industrial and regional imbalances. As a result, China can enhance the level of social sustainability. Finally, the municipalities need strict regulation on traffic control in these metropolitan areas and a fuel mix shift from coal combustion to natural gas and renewable energies (e.g., solar, water, and nuclear generations). The fuel mix strategy, along with the structure change (e.g., from manufacturing to service and from public to private energy firms), will be a major industrial policy issue for China in near future.
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china s regional sustainability and diversified resource allocation dea environmental assessment on economic development and air pollution
Energy Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Toshiyuki Sueyoshi, Yan YuanAbstract:Environmental protection, including the prevention of air pollution and health hazard materials such as PM2.5 and PM10, is now a very serious policy issue in China after attaining the rapid economic growth and development. The PM stands for “Particular Matter”, indicating the size of both solid particles and liquid droplets found in air. Unfortunately, the economic development has produced a serious healthcare problem in not only China and other surrounding nations. To enhance people's healthcare and appeal a good national image to the world, China is recently looking for the new industrial and environmental policy direction to attain social sustainability in terms of economic development and environmental prevention. To discuss policy implications on the new policy direction, this study utilizes Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for assessment on its regional performance by incorporating PM2.5 and PM10 as undesirable outputs, along with two Disposability concepts (i.e. natural Disposability and managerial Disposability). No previous DEA study has incorporated the amount of PM2.5 and PM10 in empirical investigation. Using a simulated data set for the period of 2013–2014, this study measures the efficiency of municipality cities under four different types of regional classifications. The empirical results indicate that the Chinese government should distribute its economic resources to cities, which locate in the northwest region (including Lanzhou, Xining, Yinchuan and Urumqi), and reinforce more strict regulation on energy consumptions for environmental prevention in major cities (e.g. Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing). The industrial policy change from the economic growth to the environment protection is essential for the future of China, which is currently the second largest economic power in the world. The environmental protection can enhance the China's image of contributing in economics, industry and environmental protection to all other nations. It can be envisioned that the new policy effort reduces the regional imbalance and increases the social sustainability in China. The empirical findings and policy implications discussed in this study are applicable to not only China but also other industrial and developing nations and those are useful in guiding their industrial and environmental policy development.
Qiang Cui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an application of dynamic range adjusted measure with weak g Disposability in evaluating airline energy efficiency
Energy Efficiency, 2021Co-Authors: Qiang CuiAbstract:The dynamic energy efficiencies of airlines are measured in this paper. Greenhouse gas emissions are selected as the undesirable output, and the dynamic factor is defined as fleet size. Weak-G Disposability is considered to reflect the material balance principle. A new model, the Dynamic Range Adjusted Measure (RAM) with weak-G Disposability, is built to evaluate the dynamic energy efficiency of 29 international airlines during the year of 2011–2017. We find that Air Berlin, Scandinavian Airlines and Norwegian are efficient airlines and most airlines have an efficiency change of less than or equal to 1. Then we performed a sensitivity analysis for the annual weights and found that the results of equal weight are more reasonable.
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a data based comparison of the five undesirable output Disposability approaches in airline environmental efficiency
Socio-economic Planning Sciences, 2021Co-Authors: Qiang CuiAbstract:Abstract The carbon emissions of airlines are growing rapidly, so if we intend to evaluate the airlines’ environmental efficiency, carbon emissions should be a kind of undesirable output. Five Disposability approaches for undesirable output have been proposed, but no data-based empirical study has been done to compare them. In this paper, we define Greenhouse gas emission as the undesirable output and select Number of Employees, Fleet Size, Sales Costs, and Aviation Kerosene as the inputs, the desirable outputs are Revenue Passenger Kilometers and Total Revenue. The data of 29 international airlines from 2008 to 2014 are applied to compare the Disposability approaches in airline environmental efficiency. The main findings are: 1. By-production model has the best performance in distinguishing airline environmental efficiency. 2. Unified natural Disposability & managerial Disposability does well in deciding efficient airlines and in deciding the airlines with the lowest efficiency. 3. The undesirable output related indices have a more important role in the efficiency change of by-production model.
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airline dynamic efficiency measures with a dynamic ram with unified natural managerial Disposability
Energy Economics, 2018Co-Authors: Qiang CuiAbstract:Abstract In this paper, we propose a Dynamic Range Adjusted Measure with unified natural & managerial Disposability to evaluate the dynamic efficiency of 29 airlines during 2009–2015. In a dynamic period, the new model can judge automatically whether the airline should be under natural Disposability or managerial Disposability in the premise of optimizing the overall efficiency. We get some findings: 1. Scandinavian has the highest overall efficiency among these 29 airlines while Norwegian's overall efficiency is the least. 2. Improving undesirable outputs is not the most urgent work of these airlines. 3. In order to optimize the overall efficiency, most airlines should be under managerial Disposability. 4. Most airlines' efficiencies have no obvious fluctuation in this period.
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airline energy efficiency measures using the virtual frontier network ram with weak Disposability
Transportation Planning and Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Qiang CuiAbstract:ABSTRACTIn this paper, airline energy efficiency is divided into three stages: the operations stage, the services stage and the sales stage. Greenhouse gas emissions are treated as an undesirable output of the services stage. This new three-stage strategic operating framework is a modification of existing models. A new model, Virtual Frontier Network Range Adjusted Measure with weak Disposability, is proposed to evaluate the efficiencies of 22 international airlines, from 2008 to 2012. The results show that the new model can establish more reasonable rankings and confirm new benchmarking airlines and that inclusion in the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme has had little influence on the improvement of airline energy efficiency.
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has airline efficiency affected by the inclusion of aviation into european union emission trading scheme evidences from 22 airlines during 2008 2012
Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Yanzhang Wang, Qiang CuiAbstract:We investigate the impacts of including aviation into European Union Emission Trading Scheme on airline efficiency since 2008. Airline efficiency is divided into three stages: Operations Stage, Services Stage and Sales Stage, and Greenhouse Gases Emission is treated as an undesirable output of Services Stage. Two models, Network Slacks-Based Measure with weak Disposability and Network Slacks-Based Measure with strong Disposability, are established to evaluate the efficiencies of 22 international airlines from 2008 to 2012. The results show that: (1) Most airlines' efficiencies have increased in the period. (2) The average efficiency of European airlines is much higher than that of non-European airlines. (3) The model with weak Disposability is more reasonable in distinguishing the airline efficiency while strong Disposability is a more reasonable way in treating undesirable outputs.