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X Q Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • prevalence of intestinal helminths in Domestic Goose anser Domesticus in qingyuan guangdong province china
    African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: X Q Wang, Ruiqing Lin, Y Gao, T Cheng, S S Zou, Yabiao Weng, X Q Zhu
    Abstract:

    The prevalence of intestinal helminths in Domestic geese (Anser Domesticus) was investigated in Qingyuan city, Guangdong province, China between October 2010 and March 2011. A total of 330 intestine samples of adult geese from representative local markets in Qingyuan city were collected and examined for the presence of helminths using a helminthological approach. The worms were macroscopically examined, counted, identified to species according to existing keys and descriptions. Three species of helminths, namely Hymenolepis coronula (13.03%), Drepanidotaenia lanceolata (2.42%) and Heterakis gallinae (2.42%) were identified. The helminth prevalence in geese from family-type small-holder farms (25.55%) was significantly higher than those which came from modern commercial farms (6%). The results of the present investigation provide useful "base-line" data for executing control strategies and measures against helminth infection of geese in this region.   Key words: Qingyuan city, China, Goose, helminths, prevalence.

  • serological survey of toxoplasma gondii infection in the Domestic Goose anser Domestica in southern china
    Zoonoses and Public Health, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chao Yan, X Q Zhu, C L Yue, Hong Zhang, C C Yin, Ziguo Yuan, R Q Lin, Huiqun Song, K X Zhang
    Abstract:

    In the present study, the antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in 191 farm-bred and 83 house-bred geese (Anser Domestica) were assessed for the prevalence of T. gondii infection in southern China with the modified agglutination test. Antibodies to T. gondii (MAT ≥ 1 : 5) were found in 27 (14.14%) of farm-bred geese and 14 (16.87%) of house-bred geese. Geese infected with T. gondii may be a source of T. gondii infection for humans and cats.

Hanna Jackowiak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • alpha keratin and corneous beta protein in the parakeratinized epithelium of the tongue in the Domestic Goose anser anser f Domestica
    Journal of Experimental Zoology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Kinga Skiereszszewczyk, Tomasz Buchwald, Miroslaw Szybowicz, Hanna Jackowiak
    Abstract:

    The parakeratinized epithelium is a common epithelium in the oral cavity in birds and is characterized by the presence of cell nuclei in the cells of the cornified layer. This epithelium covers almost the entire dorsal surface of the tongue in the Domestic Goose apart of the lingual nail and conical papillae. So far no study has identified the molecular proteins alpha-keratin (IF-keratin) and/or corneous beta protein (CBP), which are responsible for keratinization or cornification processes in the parakeratinized epithelium of Domestic geese. The study was performed using immunohistochemical (IHC) methods to identify alpha-keratin. The innovative method of Raman microspectroscopy was used to determine the presence of CBP and specify their percentage in epithelial layers of the parakeratinized epithelium. The results revealed that alpha-keratin is present in the whole parakeratinized epithelium. A strong staining reaction was detected in the basal and intermediate layers and a less strong staining reaction in the cornified layer. Raman microspectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of alpha-keratin and demonstrated that its percentage decreases from the basal layer to the cornified layer. The Raman microspectroscopy technique revealed the occurrence of CBP in the parakeratinized epithelium and demonstrated that the percentage of this protein increases from the basal layer to the cornified layer. Performed analysis determines that parakeratinized epithelium undergoes cornification. However, the lower percentage of CBP in the cornified layer of parakeratinized epithelium than in orthokeratinized epithelium points to the fact that parakeratinized epithelium has a weaker protective function.

  • localization of alpha keratin and beta keratin corneous beta protein in the epithelium on the ventral surface of the lingual apex and its lingual nail in the Domestic Goose anser anser f Domestica by using immunohistochemistry and raman microspectros
    Anatomical Record-advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kinga Skiereszszewczyk, Hanna Jackowiak, Tomasz Buchwald, Miroslaw Szybowicz
    Abstract:

    The epithelium of the ventral surface of the apex of the tongue in most birds is specified by the presence of the special superficial layer called lingual nail. The aim of the present study is to determine the localization of the alpha-keratin and beta-keratin (corneous beta protein) in this special epithelium in the Domestic Goose by using immunohistochemistry staining and the Raman spectroscopy analysis. Due to lack of commercially available antibodies to detect beta-keratin (corneous beta protein), the Raman spectroscopy was used as a specific tool to detect and describe the secondary structure of proteins. The immunohistochemical (IHC) detections reveal the presence of alpha-keratin in all layers of the epithelium, but significant differences in the distribution of the alpha-keratin in the epithelial layers appear. The staining reaction is stronger from the basal layer to the upper zone of the intermediate layer. The unique result is weak staining for the alpha-keratin in the lingual nail. Applications of the Raman spectroscopy as a complementary method not only confirmed results of IHC staining for alpha-keratin, but showed that this technique could be used to demonstrate the presence of beta-keratin (corneous beta protein). Functionally, the localization of alpha-keratin in the epithelium of the ventral surface of the lingual apex provides a proper scaffold for epithelial cells and promotes structural integrity, whereas the presence of beta-keratin (corneous beta protein) in the lingual nail, described also as exoskeleton of the ventral surface of the apex, endures mechanical stress. Anat Rec, 300:1361-1368, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  • Development of mechanical papillae of the tongue in the Domestic Goose (Anser anser f. Domestica) during the embryonic period
    Protoplasma, 2017
    Co-Authors: K. Skieresz-szewczyk, Hanna Jackowiak
    Abstract:

    Three types of mechanical papillae, i.e., conical, filiform, and hair-like papillae, are present on the tongue in the Domestic Goose. Within conical papillae, we distinguish three categories: large and small conical papillae on the body and conical papillae on the lingual prominence. The arrangement of mechanical papillae on the tongue in Anseriformes is connected functionally with different feeding mechanisms such as grazing and filter-feeding. The present work aims to determine whether morphology of three types of mechanical papillae in Goose at the time of hatching is the same as in an adult bird and if the tongue is prepared to fulfill feeding function. Our results revealed that the primordia of the large conical papillae start to develop during the differentiation stage. The primordia of the small conical papillae and conical papillae of the lingual papillae start to develop during the growth stage. At the end of the growth stage, only large conical papillae, three pairs of small conical papillae, and conical papillae of the lingual prominence have similar arrangement as in an adult bird. The shape and arrangement of the remaining small conical papillae probably will be changed after hatching. During embryonic period, the filiform papillae and hair-like papillae are not formed. The embryonic epithelium that covered the mechanical papillae undergoes transformation leading to the formation of multilayered epithelium. During prehatching stage, epithelium becomes orthokeratinized epithelium. In conclusion, the tongue of the Domestic Goose after hatching is well prepared only for grazing. The filtration of food from water is limited due to the lack of filiform papillae.

  • the development of the tongue of the Domestic Goose from 9th to 25th day of incubation as seen by scanning electron microscopy
    Microscopy Research and Technique, 2012
    Co-Authors: Kinga Skiereszszewczyk, Ewelina Prozorowska, Hanna Jackowiak
    Abstract:

    The general development of the tongue in birds was described by Lillie (1908) in chicken. Bryk et al. (1992) also studied the tongue development in chicken and they observed development of the conical papillae of the body. Our study aims to describe the timing of the development of the tongue morphological features in the Domestic Goose by using SEM methods. The tongue of the Domestic Goose is characterized by the widest variety of shape of the particular part of the tongue and mechanical papillae. Results indicated that the formation of the apex, body, lingual prominence, and the root of the tongue take place between the 10th and 19th day of incubation. The tongue elongates rapidly between the 16th and 18th day of incubation. Simultaneously, the median groove appears on the body and the lingual prominence and elongates towards the rostral part of the tongue. The conical papillae of the tongue develop gradually. On the body, the conical papillae develop from the caudal part of the body to the rostral part and on the lingual prominence from the median part of the prominence to the lateral part. Hair-like papillae at the caudal surface of the body of the tongue remain primordial to the end of the incubation. Our studies on the morphogenesis of the tongue in the Domestic Goose revealed changes in shape of the particular part of the tongue and rapid pace of the formation of mechanical papillae. The tongue is completely develop before hatching and ready to collect food. © Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  • functional morphology of the tongue in the Domestic Goose anser anser f Domestica
    Anatomical Record-advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Hanna Jackowiak, Kinga Skiereszszewczyk, Szymon Godynicki, Shinichi Iwasaki, Wilfried Meyer
    Abstract:

    Using LM and SEM methods, the study describes microstructures in particular areas of the tongue of the Goose. A thick multilayered keratinized epithelium forms the “lingual nail” and covers small and giant conical papillae, whereby the first functions as an exoskeleton of the tongue apex, and the latter are arranged along the lingual and well-developed connective tissue cores, and together with the bill lamellae are involved in cutting. The row of conical papillae on the lingual prominence prevents regurgitation of transported food. In the area of the “lingual nail” and in the anterior part of the lingual prominence, Herbst corpuscles are accumulated, which allow to recognize food position. Filiform papillae, as widely distributed between the conical papillae of the body, are responsible for filtering. They can be explained as long keratinized processes of the epithelium and are devoid of connective tissue cores. During food transport, the flattened areas of the lingual body and the lingual prominence are protected by a parakeratinized epithelium, but the root is covered by a nonkeratinized epithelium. The presence of adipose tissue in the tongue probably reduces pressure during food passage, but also promotes mucus evacuation from the lingual glands, thus facilitating food transport. An entoglossal bone with a continuation as cartilage is the stable structural basis of the tongue system. Anat Rec, 2011. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Chunlei Su - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • endemic avian toxoplasmosis on a farm in illinois clinical disease diagnosis biologic and genetic characteristics of toxoplasma gondii isolates from chickens gallus Domesticus and a Goose anser anser
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2007
    Co-Authors: J P Dubey, D M Webb, N Sundar, G V Velmurugan, L A Bandini, O C H Kwok, Chunlei Su
    Abstract:

    Clinical toxoplasmosis in chickens (Gallus Domesticus) has been rarely reported in literature. Here we report that three chickens on a farm in Illinois developed neurological signs. One of these chickens was examined postmortem and it had non-suppurative encephalitis with numerous Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites and tissue cysts. The identity of the protozoa was confirmed immunohistochemically by staining with T. gondii specific antibodies, and by transmission electron microscopy. The owner of the 3 chickens donated all 11 remaining chickens and a Goose on his property for the present study. All 11 chickens and a Goose were euthanized, and blood, heart, brain, and 1 leg were obtained for T. gondii examination. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in sera of all chickens with titers of 1:40 in one, 1:320 in three, and 1:640 or higher in seven chickens tested by the modified agglutination test (MAT). The Goose had a MAT titer of 1:320. For isolation of T. gondii, whole heart and brain and 50 g of leg muscles were digested in an acid-pepsin solution and bioassayed in four mice for each tissue. Viable T. gondii was isolated from tissues of all 11 chickens and the Goose. Genotyping of these 12 T. gondii isolates using polymorphism at the genetic loci SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, a new SAG2 and Apico revealed that all isolates had Type II alleles at all loci, indicating these T. gondii isolates belong to the predominant clonal Type II lineages. This is the first report of isolation of viable T. gondii from a Domestic Goose (Anser anser).

Chao Yan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Pei Gao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pathogenicity and transmissibility of a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus h5n6 isolated from a Domestic Goose in southern china
    Veterinary Microbiology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Bin Xiang, Jianpeng Liang, Renrong You, Lujie Han, Kun Mei, Libin Chen, Ruojing Chen, Yifan Zhang, Xu Dai, Pei Gao
    Abstract:

    Since the first outbreak of H5N6 reported in Laos at 2013, there has been a dramatic increase in H5N6 strains isolated from waterfowl in China, particularly Southern China. However, pathogenicity and transmissibility of the virus in different birds remain largely unknown. In this study, a novel H5N6 virus, termed QY01, that belonged to group C in 2.3.4.4 was isolated from an apparently healthy Domestic Goose in Guangdong province, southern China in 2016. In order to simulate the natural transmission of different kinds of birds, we evaluated its pathogenicity and transmissibility in chickens, Domestic geese and pigeons. To investigate the replication and shedding of QY01 in poultry, chickens, geese and pigeons were inoculated intranasally with 106 EID50 of virus. In addition, to measure intra-species transmission of QY01, three sentinel birds were housed with each group. The results demonstrated that QY01 exhibited a highly pathogenic phenotype, and was transmissible among in chickens and geese. However, the virus did not appear to be pathogenic in pigeons, indicating that this novel H5N6 virus exhibited different host ranges and tissue tropisms, and may pose a substantial risk for the chicken and Goose industry. Therefore, continued surveillance for H5N6 AIVs is necessary, and increased attention should be paid to cross-species transmission between waterfowl and terrestrial birds.