The Experts below are selected from a list of 279 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kosisochukwu Jennifer Chibuezeoke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF THE Domestic Pigeon (COLUMBA LIVIA DomesticA) IN NSUKKA AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONE, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
Animal Research International, 2016Co-Authors: John Ikechukwu Ihedioha, Davinson Chuka Anyogu, Kosisochukwu Jennifer ChibuezeokeAbstract:This study evaluated the haematological profile of the Domestic Pigeon ( Columba livia Domestica ). Seventy five Pigeons were acquired for the study from three locations (Ibagwa, Orba and Enugu-Ezike) where Pigeons are raised in Nsukka agro-ecological zone, Enugu State, Nigeria, but after two weeks of acclimatization 64 of the Pigeons (34 females and 30 males) that were considered apparently healthy were used for the study. One ml of blood was collected from each Pigeon by jugular venipuncture for evaluation of the haematological parameters. The haematological characteristics of the Pigeons were determined using standard methods. The overall mean values obtained for the haematological parameters were as follows: packed cell volume (PCV) – 44.54 ± 4.73%; haemoglobin concentration (Hb) – 12.89 ± 1.55 g/dl; red blood cell (RBC) count – 3.34 ± 0.38 (106/ul); mean corpuscular volume (MCV) – 133.86 ± 19.37 fl; mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) – 38.67 ± 5.34 pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) – 28.97 ± 2.59 g/dl; leukocyte counts (103/ul): total leukocyte – 23.36 ± 7.06; lymphocyte – 10.66 ± 3.49, heterophil – 7.80 ± 2.89, monocyte count – 2.32 ± 0.93, eosinophil count – 2.25 ± 0.89, and basophil – 0.24 ± 0.30. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between the males and females in all the haematological parameters evaluated and the body weights. There were however significant variations (p
-
haematological profile of the Domestic Pigeon columba livia Domestica in nsukka agro ecological zone enugu state nigeria
Animal Research International, 2016Co-Authors: John Ikechukwu Ihedioha, Davinson Chuka Anyogu, Kosisochukwu Jennifer ChibuezeokeAbstract:This study evaluated the haematological profile of the Domestic Pigeon ( Columba livia Domestica ). Seventy five Pigeons were acquired for the study from three locations (Ibagwa, Orba and Enugu-Ezike) where Pigeons are raised in Nsukka agro-ecological zone, Enugu State, Nigeria, but after two weeks of acclimatization 64 of the Pigeons (34 females and 30 males) that were considered apparently healthy were used for the study. One ml of blood was collected from each Pigeon by jugular venipuncture for evaluation of the haematological parameters. The haematological characteristics of the Pigeons were determined using standard methods. The overall mean values obtained for the haematological parameters were as follows: packed cell volume (PCV) – 44.54 ± 4.73%; haemoglobin concentration (Hb) – 12.89 ± 1.55 g/dl; red blood cell (RBC) count – 3.34 ± 0.38 (106/ul); mean corpuscular volume (MCV) – 133.86 ± 19.37 fl; mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) – 38.67 ± 5.34 pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) – 28.97 ± 2.59 g/dl; leukocyte counts (103/ul): total leukocyte – 23.36 ± 7.06; lymphocyte – 10.66 ± 3.49, heterophil – 7.80 ± 2.89, monocyte count – 2.32 ± 0.93, eosinophil count – 2.25 ± 0.89, and basophil – 0.24 ± 0.30. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between the males and females in all the haematological parameters evaluated and the body weights. There were however significant variations (p<0.05) in the PCV, absolute heterophil, monocyte and basophil counts, percentage lymphocyte, eosinophil and basophil counts of the Pigeons from the three locations. Keywords : Domestic Pigeons, Columba livia Domestica , Haematology
X Q Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
leucine promotes the growth of squabs by increasing crop milk protein synthesis through the tor signaling pathway in the Domestic Pigeon columba livia
Poultry Science, 2019Co-Authors: Z Fu, X Q WangAbstract:ABSTRACT Leucine (Leu) plays a critical regulatory role in protein synthesis, however, the effects and molecular mechanisms of Leu on crop milk protein in the Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia) are still unknown. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Leu supplementation on crop milk protein synthesis and the growth performance of squabs and the possible underlying mechanism. A total of 240 pairs of breeding Pigeons (1102.3 ± 9.5g/pair) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments, including a positive control (PC) diet that had adequate crude protein (crude protein, CP = 18%; Leu = 1.30%), a negative control (NC) diet that was low in CP (CP = 16%, Leu = 1.30%), and NC diets supplemented with Leu at 0.15%, 0.45%, or 1.05%. Compared with the NC diet, 0.15 to 0.45% Leu supplementation decreased BW loss and increased relative crop weight, crop thickness, and protein levels in the crop tissue and milk of breeding Pigeons. However, dietary supplementation with 1.05% Leu inhibited ADFI in breeding Pigeons. Dietary supplementation with 0.15 to 0.45% Leu decreased the mortality rate and increased the BW, eviscerated yield, and breast muscle yield of young squabs. The protein expression levels of the target of rapamycin (TOR), ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) were upregulated in the crop tissue of breeding Pigeons in PC, 0.15% and 0.45% Leu-supplemented groups. Collectively, these results indicated that 0.15 to 0.45% Leu supplementation could decrease BW loss, increase milk protein synthesis in the crop of breeding Pigeons, and enhance the survival rate and growth performance of young squabs through the TOR signaling pathway.
-
crop milk protein is synthesised following activation of the irs1 akt tor signalling pathway in the Domestic Pigeon columba livia
British Poultry Science, 2016Co-Authors: X C Hu, X H Wang, Zhesheng Chen, X Q WangAbstract:ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to study whether insulin receptor substance 1 (IRS1) / Protein kinase B (Akt)/target of the rapamycin (TOR) signalling pathway activation stimulates crop milk protein synthesis in the Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia).Crop milk was collected from ten 1-d-old squabs and analysed for nutrient content. During the non-breeding period and the first day of lactation, blood samples were collected from 5 pairs of breeding Pigeons and the levels of prolactin and insulin were determined.Crop samples were collected from 5 pairs of breeders at d 14 and 16 of the incubation period and d 1, 3 and 7 of the lactation period. Crop samples were evaluated for changes in crop weight and thickness and changes in the expression patterns of IRS1/Akt/TOR signalling pathway–related proteins.The results demonstrated that prolactin induces a gradual increase in the relative weight and thickness of the crop, with crops reaching a maximum size at the third day of lactation.Pigeon crop milk contains...
-
effect of egg weight on composition embryonic growth and expression of amino acid transporter genes in yolk sac membranes and small intestines of the Domestic Pigeon columba livia
Poultry Science, 2016Co-Authors: Meng-jie Chen, Xingping Li, X Q WangAbstract:The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of egg weight on the composition of the egg, the growth of the embryo, and the expression of amino acid transporter genes in the yolk sac membranes and small intestines of the Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia). A total of 240 fertilized eggs were collected and divided into two groups based on the weight of the eggs, light (LE) and heavy (HE). The composition of 20 eggs from each group was measured, and the remaining eggs were weighed and placed in an incubator. On embryonic days (E) 9, 11, 13, and 15 and day of hatch (DOH), 15 embryos/hatchlings from each group were measured for embryonic growth, and samples were collected. The HE had heavier yolk and albumen weights than the LE (P < 0.01). Compared with the LE, the HE had heavier yolk-free embryonic body and yolk sac weights from E13 to DOH (P < 0.05). Additionally, the HE had larger yolk sac membrane weights from E13 to E15 (P < 0.05) and had more residual yolk sac content on DOH than those of the LE (P < 0.01). The yolk absorption was greater for the HE than for the LE from E11 to E13 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the abundance of CAT2 and PepT1 mRNA in the yolk sac membranes was greater in the HE than in the LE on E13 (P < 0.05). Compared with the LE, the gene expression of EAAT2 in the intestine on E13 was greater in the HE, whereas the expression of EAAT3 was lower in the HE (P < 0.05). Taken together, our results suggest that egg weight influenced the composition of the eggs, embryonic development, and expression of amino acid transporter genes in the yolk sac membranes and small intestines of Pigeon embryos.
-
growth curves and age related changes in carcass characteristics organs serum parameters and intestinal transporter gene expression in Domestic Pigeon columba livia
Poultry Science, 2016Co-Authors: J. X. Yang, Meng-jie Chen, X Q WangAbstract:Two experiments were conducted to fit growth curves, and determine age-related changes in carcass characteristics, organs, serum biochemical parameters, and gene expression of intestinal nutrient transporters in Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia). In experiment 1, body weight (BW) of 30 Pigeons was respectively determined at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days old to fit growth curves and to describe the growth of Pigeons. In experiment 2, eighty-four 1-day-old squabs were grouped by weight into 7 groups. On d 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35, twelve birds from each group were randomly selected for slaughter and post-slaughter analysis. The results showed that BW of Pigeons increased rapidly from d 1 to d 28 (a 25.7-fold increase), and then had little change until d 35. The Logistic, Gompertz, and Von Bertalanffy functions can all be well fitted with the growth curve of Domestic Pigeons (R2>0.90) and the Gompertz model showed the highest R2value among the models (R2=0.9997). The equation of Gompertz model was Y=507.72×e-(3.76exp(-0.17t))(Y=BW of Pigeon (g); t=time (day)). In addition, breast meat yield (%) increased with age throughout the experiment, whereas the leg meat yield (%) reached to the peak on d 14. Serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and glucose concentration were increased with age, whereas serum uric acid concentration was decreased (P<0.05). Furthermore, the gene expressions of nutrient transporters (y+LAT2, LAT1, B0AT1, PepT1, and NHE2) in jejunum of Pigeon were increased with age. The results of correlation analysis showed the gene expressions of B0AT1, PepT1, and NHE2 had positive correlations with BW (0.73
Pigeon. And the various physiological and functional properties of organs, serum profiles, and gene expression of nutrient transporters in small intestine might cause the differences in their development patterns. -
Growth curves and age-related changes in carcass characteristics, organs, serum parameters, and intestinal transporter gene expression in Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia)
Poultry Science, 2016Co-Authors: J. X. Yang, Meng-jie Chen, X Q WangAbstract:ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to fit growth curves, and determine age-related changes in carcass characteristics, organs, serum biochemical parameters, and gene expression of intestinal nutrient transporters in Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia). In experiment 1, body weight (BW) of 30 Pigeons was respectively determined at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days old to fit growth curves and to describe the growth of Pigeons. In experiment 2, eighty-four 1-day-old squabs were grouped by weight into 7 groups. On d 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35, twelve birds from each group were randomly selected for slaughter and post-slaughter analysis. The results showed that BW of Pigeons increased rapidly from d 1 to d 28 (a 25.7-fold increase), and then had little change until d 35. The Logistic, Gompertz, and Von Bertalanffy functions can all be well fitted with the growth curve of Domestic Pigeons (R2 > 0.90) and the Gompertz model showed the highest R2 value among the models (R2 = 0.9997). The equation of Gompertz model was Y = 507.72 × e-3.76exp(-0.17t) (Y = BW of Pigeon (g); t = time (day)). In addition, breast meat yield (%) increased with age throughout the experiment, whereas the leg meat yield (%) reached to the peak on d 14. Serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and glucose concentration were increased with age, whereas serum uric acid concentration was decreased (P
John Ikechukwu Ihedioha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF THE Domestic Pigeon (COLUMBA LIVIA DomesticA) IN NSUKKA AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONE, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
Animal Research International, 2016Co-Authors: John Ikechukwu Ihedioha, Davinson Chuka Anyogu, Kosisochukwu Jennifer ChibuezeokeAbstract:This study evaluated the haematological profile of the Domestic Pigeon ( Columba livia Domestica ). Seventy five Pigeons were acquired for the study from three locations (Ibagwa, Orba and Enugu-Ezike) where Pigeons are raised in Nsukka agro-ecological zone, Enugu State, Nigeria, but after two weeks of acclimatization 64 of the Pigeons (34 females and 30 males) that were considered apparently healthy were used for the study. One ml of blood was collected from each Pigeon by jugular venipuncture for evaluation of the haematological parameters. The haematological characteristics of the Pigeons were determined using standard methods. The overall mean values obtained for the haematological parameters were as follows: packed cell volume (PCV) – 44.54 ± 4.73%; haemoglobin concentration (Hb) – 12.89 ± 1.55 g/dl; red blood cell (RBC) count – 3.34 ± 0.38 (106/ul); mean corpuscular volume (MCV) – 133.86 ± 19.37 fl; mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) – 38.67 ± 5.34 pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) – 28.97 ± 2.59 g/dl; leukocyte counts (103/ul): total leukocyte – 23.36 ± 7.06; lymphocyte – 10.66 ± 3.49, heterophil – 7.80 ± 2.89, monocyte count – 2.32 ± 0.93, eosinophil count – 2.25 ± 0.89, and basophil – 0.24 ± 0.30. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between the males and females in all the haematological parameters evaluated and the body weights. There were however significant variations (p
-
haematological profile of the Domestic Pigeon columba livia Domestica in nsukka agro ecological zone enugu state nigeria
Animal Research International, 2016Co-Authors: John Ikechukwu Ihedioha, Davinson Chuka Anyogu, Kosisochukwu Jennifer ChibuezeokeAbstract:This study evaluated the haematological profile of the Domestic Pigeon ( Columba livia Domestica ). Seventy five Pigeons were acquired for the study from three locations (Ibagwa, Orba and Enugu-Ezike) where Pigeons are raised in Nsukka agro-ecological zone, Enugu State, Nigeria, but after two weeks of acclimatization 64 of the Pigeons (34 females and 30 males) that were considered apparently healthy were used for the study. One ml of blood was collected from each Pigeon by jugular venipuncture for evaluation of the haematological parameters. The haematological characteristics of the Pigeons were determined using standard methods. The overall mean values obtained for the haematological parameters were as follows: packed cell volume (PCV) – 44.54 ± 4.73%; haemoglobin concentration (Hb) – 12.89 ± 1.55 g/dl; red blood cell (RBC) count – 3.34 ± 0.38 (106/ul); mean corpuscular volume (MCV) – 133.86 ± 19.37 fl; mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) – 38.67 ± 5.34 pg; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) – 28.97 ± 2.59 g/dl; leukocyte counts (103/ul): total leukocyte – 23.36 ± 7.06; lymphocyte – 10.66 ± 3.49, heterophil – 7.80 ± 2.89, monocyte count – 2.32 ± 0.93, eosinophil count – 2.25 ± 0.89, and basophil – 0.24 ± 0.30. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) between the males and females in all the haematological parameters evaluated and the body weights. There were however significant variations (p<0.05) in the PCV, absolute heterophil, monocyte and basophil counts, percentage lymphocyte, eosinophil and basophil counts of the Pigeons from the three locations. Keywords : Domestic Pigeons, Columba livia Domestica , Haematology
Philipp Olias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
sarcocystis calchasi associated neurologic disease in a Domestic Pigeon in north america
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2011Co-Authors: Arno Wunschmann, Anibal G Armien, Leslie Reed, Achim D Gruber, Philipp OliasAbstract:Summary Tissue cysts of a protozoan parasite were present in the skeletal muscle of a Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia f. Domestica) with neurologic disease in Minnesota, USA. The animal had a severe granulomatous meningoencephalitis. The cysts were slender, up to 1 mm long and up to 0.03 mm in diameter. The cysts had a smooth wall without projections. Size and wall morphology were compatible with Sarcocystis calchasi. Polymerase chain reaction using S. calchasi-specific primers resulted in a specific amplicon from the skeletal muscle but not from the brain. Sequencing of the highly variable genomic regions ITS1 and D2 revealed 100% nucleic acid identity with the German strain of S. calchasi. Sarcocystis calchasi is the cause of an emerging lethal disease in Pigeons in Germany. This is the first description of the parasite outside of Germany.
-
Unusual Biphasic Disease in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia f. Domestica) Following Experimental Infection with Sarcocystis calchasi
Avian Diseases, 2010Co-Authors: Philipp Olias, Achim D Gruber, A O Heydorn, Andrea Kohls, Hafez M. Hafez, Michael LierzAbstract:Abstract A novel Sarcocystis species has recently been reported in the Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia f. Domestica) as intermediate host, causing severe central nervous signs similar to Paramyxovirus-1 or Salmonella Typhimurium var. cop. infection. Transmission of the parasite via the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) as definitive host has been established. Experimental infection of Domestic Pigeons with sporocysts excreted by experimentally infected northern goshawks reproduced the natural infection in the Pigeon, proving the causative role of the parasite in the disease. Here, we describe in greater detail the course of the fulminant biphasic disease depending on the infectious dose. Pigeons infected with 103 or 104 sporocysts showed clinical signs of polyuria and apathy around 10–11 days postinfection (dpi) and sudden neurological signs 51–57 dpi as a second phase of disease. Pigeons infected with higher doses died within 7–12 dpi, also showing polyuria and apathy but without nervous signs. At nec...
-
sarcocystis calchasi sp nov of the Domestic Pigeon columba livia f Domestica and the northern goshawk accipiter gentilis light and electron microscopical characteristics
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Philipp Olias, Achim D Gruber, H M Hafez, A O Heydorn, Heinz Mehlhorn, M LierzAbstract:A novel highly pathogenic Sarcocystis species has been shown to cycle between the Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) as definitive host and the Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia f. Domestica) as intermediate host. However, genetically based characteristics are only available from very few bird-infecting Sarcocystis species. We therefore further characterised morphological properties of this protozoan in both hosts. Using light and electron microscopy, oocysts and sporocysts as well as schizonts and sarcocysts were characterised and compared with available morphological features of previously reported Sarcocystis species of Northern goshawks, Columbidae and genetically closely related species of other avian hosts. Sporocysts shed from day 6 on after experimental infection by the Northern goshawk were of ovoid appearance (11.9 × 7.9 μm). Ultrastructurally, schizonts of all developmental stages were found in the liver, spleen and next to or in endothelial cells of various organs of Domestic Pigeons 7 to 12 days after experimental infection. The cyst wall surface of slender sarcocysts (1 to 2 mm in length and 20 to 50 μm in width) was smooth and lacked protrusions. Cystozoites were lancet-shaped and measured 7.5 × 1.5 μm in Giemsa stain smears. The morphological findings, when combined with data of experimental infection and genetic studies, convergently indicate that the recently discovered Sarcocystis species represents a new species. We therefore propose to name this parasite Sarcocystis calchasi species nova.
Rickye S Heffner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
conditioned suppression avoidance as a procedure for testing hearing in birds the Domestic Pigeon columba livia
Behavior Research Methods, 2013Co-Authors: Henry E Heffner, Gimseong Koay, Evan M Hill, Rickye S HeffnerAbstract:Although the Domestic Pigeon is commonly used in learning experiments, it is a notoriously difficult subject in auditory psychophysical experiments, even those in which it need only respond when it detects a sound. This is because Pigeons tend to respond in the absence of sound—that is, they have a high false-positive rate—which makes it difficult to determine a Pigeon’s audiogram. However, false positives are easily controlled in the method of conditioned suppression/avoidance, in which a Pigeon is trained to peck a key to obtain food and to stop pecking whenever it detects a sound that signals impending electric shock. Here, we describe how to determine psychophysical thresholds in Pigeons using a method of conditioned suppression in which avoidable shock is delivered through a bead chain wrapped around the base of a Pigeon’s wings. The resulting audiogram spans the range from 2 to 8000 Hz; it falls approximately in the middle of the distribution of previous Pigeon audiograms and supports the finding of Kreithen and Quine (Journal of Comparative Physiology 129:1–4, 1979) that Pigeons hear infrasound.
-
Conditioned suppression/avoidance as a procedure for testing hearing in birds: The Domestic Pigeon (Columba livia)
Behavior Research Methods, 2012Co-Authors: Henry E Heffner, Gimseong Koay, Evan M Hill, Rickye S HeffnerAbstract:Although the Domestic Pigeon is commonly used in learning experiments, it is a notoriously difficult subject in auditory psychophysical experiments, even those in which it need only respond when it detects a sound. This is because Pigeons tend to respond in the absence of sound—that is, they have a high false-positive rate—which makes it difficult to determine a Pigeon’s audiogram. However, false positives are easily controlled in the method of conditioned suppression/avoidance, in which a Pigeon is trained to peck a key to obtain food and to stop pecking whenever it detects a sound that signals impending electric shock. Here, we describe how to determine psychophysical thresholds in Pigeons using a method of conditioned suppression in which avoidable shock is delivered through a bead chain wrapped around the base of a Pigeon’s wings. The resulting audiogram spans the range from 2 to 8000 Hz; it falls approximately in the middle of the distribution of previous Pigeon audiograms and supports the finding of Kreithen and Quine (Journal of Comparative Physiology 129:1–4, 1979) that Pigeons hear infrasound.