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Jyotirmay Biswas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Histopathological, Immunohistochemical and Molecular Biologic Study of an Enucleated Specimen of a Case of Eales’ Disease.
2021Co-Authors: Amravi Shah, Sneha Giridhar, Gazal Patnaik, Radhika Mhatre, Dipankar Das, Madhuravasal Krishnan Janani, Anita Mahadevan, Jyotirmay BiswasAbstract:Abstract Eales' Disease is a retinal vasculitis characterized by retinal inflammation, ischemia, and neovascularization. Exact pathogenesis of this Disease is yet to be found out. We present a 29-year-old male, diagnosed as Eales’ Disease in both eyes with persistent intraocular inflammation. Enucleation of the pthisical right eye was subjected for histopathological examination immunohistochemistry and molecular biologic study for mycobacterial tuberculosis DNA. Our study showed that Eales Disease is a T cell mediated Disease which is triggered by mycobacterial TB DNA
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Further evidence of the association of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Eales’ Disease
International Ophthalmology, 2020Co-Authors: Prasad Gupta, Jyotirmay BiswasAbstract:Purpose To find out association of Eales’ Disease with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods A retrospective study was done recruiting patients visiting the uvea clinic with diagnosis of Eales’ Disease from 2015–2019. Seventy-nine eyes of 50 patients diagnosed as Eales’ Disease underwent Mantoux test, QuantiFERON-TB Gold test, high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest and anterior chamber or vitreous tap for TB genome polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Results The study included 41 males and 9 females. The mean age of the patient was 35.62 ± 11.49 y. Out of 50 patients, 42% ( n = 21) patients had unilateral involvement. Mantoux test was positive in 73% patients. QuantiFERON-TB Gold test was positive in 56% patients. HRCT chest was suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis in 34% patients. Out of 6 patients, PCR from anterior chamber tap showed TB genome positive in 2 (33.3%) patients. Out of 9 patients, vitreous tap PCR was positive for TB genome in 2 (22.2%) patients. Conclusions Our study showed that one or more tests were positive for TB in Eales’ Disease suggesting a pivotal role of TB as a primary etiology for this Disease. We conclude that Eales’ Disease is associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
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Role of Ultra-widefield Imaging in Eales' Disease: A Case Series.
Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2020Co-Authors: Aditi Ashok Kumar Agarwal, Ritika Sharma, Jyotirmay BiswasAbstract:To describe and quantify the benefit of ultra-widefield imaging in cases of Eales’ Disease during primary and follow-up visits. This was a retrospective cross-sectional observational study screenin...
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Is Eales’ Disease due to tuberculosis?
Indian Journal of Inflammation Research, 2020Co-Authors: Prasad Gupta, Jyotirmay BiswasAbstract:Eales’ Disease, first described by the British ophthalmologist Henry Eales, is characterized by stages of vasculitis, occlusion, and retinal neovascularization. It results in recurrent vitreous hemorrhage leading to vision loss. Multifactorial causes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), human leukocyte antigen, retinal autoimmunity and free radical-mediated damage, have been hypothesized in the etiopathogenesis of this Disease.
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Pediatric Eales Disease: An Indian Tertiary Eye Center Experience
Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus, 2018Co-Authors: Parthopratim Dutta Majumder, Ranju Kharel Sitaula, Jyotirmay BiswasAbstract:PURPOSE To report the clinical profiles, etiologies, treatment modalities, and outcomes for Eales Disease in patients younger than age 16 years in India. METHODS Retrospective review of medical records of patients with Eales Disease who had a minimum 5-year follow-up period. RESULTS A total of 25 eyes of 13 patients were included. Of these 13 patients, 12 (94%) had bilateral Eales Disease and 11 (84.6%) were men. Mean patient age was 14.1 years (range: 11 to 16 years). Diminution of vision (36%) was the most common presenting complaint, followed by both diminutions of vision and floaters (32%). Sclerosed vessels were seen in all eyes, and 21 (84%) eyes had active periphlebitis at presentation. Neovascularization elsewhere was seen in 20 (80%) eyes and neovascularization of the optic disc was seen in 1 (4%) eye. Veno-venous shunts were found in 12 (48%) eyes, and 18 (72%) eyes had vitreous hemorrhage. All eyes received photocoagulation; 84.6% of patients received oral steroids, with 7.7% of patients treated with azathioprine and 38.4% treated with anti-tubercular therapy. Vitrectomy was performed in 36% of eyes for non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment. Vision improved in 7 (28%) eyes, was stable in 12 (48%) eyes, and worsened in 6 (24%) eyes. Recurrence of the Disease more than five times during the 5-year follow-up period occurred in 20% of patients. CONCLUSIONS Recurrent vasculitis and vitreous hemorrhage in children should raise the suspicion of pediatric Eales Disease. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2018;55(4):270-274.].
Sandeep Saxena - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha: novel targets for immunotherapy in Eales Disease.
Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2009Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Vinay K. Khanna, Aditya B. Pant, Akaash Agarwal, Kamlesh Singh, Vijay K. SinghAbstract:Background: Eales Disease is an idiopathic obliterative vasculopathy that primarily affects the peripheral retina of young adults. The authors evaluated interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the serum of patients with Eales Disease stages for the first time. Methods: The study group consisted of 45 consecutive patients of Eales Disease [inflammatory stage (n = 15) and proliferative stage (n = 30)] and 28 healthy controls. Immunoassays for the quantification of the levels of four cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α in the serum samples were performed using ELISA kits. Results: IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels were found to be increased significantly in the inflammatory stage of Eales Disease as compared to controls (p < .001). IL-1β levels decreased significantly during the proliferative stage of the Disease as compared to the inflammatory stage (p = .03). TNF-α levels increased significantly during the prolife...
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Decreased platelet membrane fluidity in retinal periphlebitis in Eales' Disease.
Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2006Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Prachi Srivastava, Vinay K. Khanna, Prahlad K. SethAbstract:Purpose: Oxidative damage to cellular membranes plays an important role in the pathobiology of tissue injury. Free radical-induced peroxidation of membrane lipid and protein is associated with alterations in cellular, morphological, biochemical, and physical dynamics, which are related to the mobility of lipid molecules. Retinal photoreceptors and platelets have been shown to be an easy target of oxidants because of their high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This study was undertaken, for the first time, to investigate membrane fluidity in the platelets of patients with Eales' Disease. Methods: Assays of malonaldialdehyde levels and the enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase and fluorescence polarization, for estimating membrane fluidity, were carried out on platelets from 20 patients with Eales' Disease (stage 1 characterized by periphlebitis of small (1a) and large (1b) caliber vessels with superficial retinal hemorrhages) and 15 healthy controls. Results: A significant increase was observ...
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The topographic distribution of retinal neovascularization in Eales’ Disease
Annals of Ophthalmology, 2005Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak KumarAbstract:Topographic distribution of retinal neovascularization in 66 cases of Eales’ Disease was studied. Neovascularization of the optic disc (NVD), neovascularization elsewhere (NVE), and combined NVD and NVE were observed in 16 (21.1%), 52 (68.4%), and 8 (10.5%) eyes, respectively. Quadrantic distribution of NVE were superotemporal, 46%; inferotemporal, 24.3%; superonasal, 16.2%; and inferonasal, 13.5%. This information should influence retinopathy monitoring in Eales’ Disease.
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Retinal neovascularization in Eales Disease
Annals of Ophthalmology, 2003Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Prachi Srivastava, Vinay K. Khanna, Rajiv Nath, Amit Maitreya, P. K. SethAbstract:A study was undertaken, using fluorescein angiography, to correlate the area of capillary nonperfusion (CNP) with the occurrence of retinal neovascularization in 20 cases of Eales Disease. Neovascularization elsewhere and neovascularization of the disc were found in eyes with greater than 20 and 60 disc areas CNP, respectively. The role of lipid peroxides in neovascularization was also studied biochemically. A significant increase in platelet malondialdehyde levels was observed in cases with neovascularization.
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C-reactive protein in Eales Disease
Annals of Ophthalmology, 2002Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Sangeeta Kapoor, Amita JainAbstract:C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reactant. A study was undertaken to estimate CRP, by rapid slide latex test, in 32 consecutive cases of Eales Disease and 32 matched healthy controls. Elevated levels of CRP were detected in 11 (84.6%) of 13 cases of active Disease. The CRP titers ranged from 0.6 to 2.4 mg%. Sensitivity and specificity of this test were 84% and 100%. After oral methotrexate pulsed therapy, elevated levels of CRP returned to normal.
Dipak Kumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha: novel targets for immunotherapy in Eales Disease.
Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2009Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Vinay K. Khanna, Aditya B. Pant, Akaash Agarwal, Kamlesh Singh, Vijay K. SinghAbstract:Background: Eales Disease is an idiopathic obliterative vasculopathy that primarily affects the peripheral retina of young adults. The authors evaluated interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the serum of patients with Eales Disease stages for the first time. Methods: The study group consisted of 45 consecutive patients of Eales Disease [inflammatory stage (n = 15) and proliferative stage (n = 30)] and 28 healthy controls. Immunoassays for the quantification of the levels of four cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α in the serum samples were performed using ELISA kits. Results: IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels were found to be increased significantly in the inflammatory stage of Eales Disease as compared to controls (p < .001). IL-1β levels decreased significantly during the proliferative stage of the Disease as compared to the inflammatory stage (p = .03). TNF-α levels increased significantly during the prolife...
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Decreased platelet membrane fluidity in retinal periphlebitis in Eales' Disease.
Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2006Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Prachi Srivastava, Vinay K. Khanna, Prahlad K. SethAbstract:Purpose: Oxidative damage to cellular membranes plays an important role in the pathobiology of tissue injury. Free radical-induced peroxidation of membrane lipid and protein is associated with alterations in cellular, morphological, biochemical, and physical dynamics, which are related to the mobility of lipid molecules. Retinal photoreceptors and platelets have been shown to be an easy target of oxidants because of their high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This study was undertaken, for the first time, to investigate membrane fluidity in the platelets of patients with Eales' Disease. Methods: Assays of malonaldialdehyde levels and the enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase and fluorescence polarization, for estimating membrane fluidity, were carried out on platelets from 20 patients with Eales' Disease (stage 1 characterized by periphlebitis of small (1a) and large (1b) caliber vessels with superficial retinal hemorrhages) and 15 healthy controls. Results: A significant increase was observ...
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The topographic distribution of retinal neovascularization in Eales’ Disease
Annals of Ophthalmology, 2005Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak KumarAbstract:Topographic distribution of retinal neovascularization in 66 cases of Eales’ Disease was studied. Neovascularization of the optic disc (NVD), neovascularization elsewhere (NVE), and combined NVD and NVE were observed in 16 (21.1%), 52 (68.4%), and 8 (10.5%) eyes, respectively. Quadrantic distribution of NVE were superotemporal, 46%; inferotemporal, 24.3%; superonasal, 16.2%; and inferonasal, 13.5%. This information should influence retinopathy monitoring in Eales’ Disease.
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Retinal neovascularization in Eales Disease
Annals of Ophthalmology, 2003Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Prachi Srivastava, Vinay K. Khanna, Rajiv Nath, Amit Maitreya, P. K. SethAbstract:A study was undertaken, using fluorescein angiography, to correlate the area of capillary nonperfusion (CNP) with the occurrence of retinal neovascularization in 20 cases of Eales Disease. Neovascularization elsewhere and neovascularization of the disc were found in eyes with greater than 20 and 60 disc areas CNP, respectively. The role of lipid peroxides in neovascularization was also studied biochemically. A significant increase in platelet malondialdehyde levels was observed in cases with neovascularization.
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C-reactive protein in Eales Disease
Annals of Ophthalmology, 2002Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Sangeeta Kapoor, Amita JainAbstract:C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reactant. A study was undertaken to estimate CRP, by rapid slide latex test, in 32 consecutive cases of Eales Disease and 32 matched healthy controls. Elevated levels of CRP were detected in 11 (84.6%) of 13 cases of active Disease. The CRP titers ranged from 0.6 to 2.4 mg%. Sensitivity and specificity of this test were 84% and 100%. After oral methotrexate pulsed therapy, elevated levels of CRP returned to normal.
H N Madhavan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Association of mycobacteria with Eales' Disease.
The Indian journal of medical research, 2007Co-Authors: Kulandai Lily Therese, Jyotirmay Biswas, P Deepa, J. Therese, R Bagyalakshmi, H N MadhavanAbstract:Background & objectives: Eales’ Disease is an idiopathic Disease resulting in retinal neovascularization, recurrent haemorrhages, with or without retinal detachment predominantly affecting healthy young males (97.6%) in the Indian subcontinent. Inspite of several studies, the aetiology of Eales’ Disease is not clear. The isolation of Mycobacterium fortuitum from the aqueous humour of a patient with classical Eales’ Disease, led us to hypothesize that rapid growing nontuberculous mycobacteria (RGNTM), particularly M. fortuitum and M. chelonae could be associated with Eales’ Disease. We therefore undertook this study to detect DNA of these RGNTM and also of M. tuberculosis in vitreous fluids (VFs) from patients with Eales’ Disease and non-Eales’ Disease. Methods: We developed and optimized seminested polymerase chain reactions (SnPCRs) to detect DNAs of M. fortuitum and M. chelonae on archival ERMs (33) and VFs (19) of Eales’ and control patients along with conventional mycobacteriological investigations. Results: In the retrospective study, 70 per cent ERM samples were positive for one or more Mycobacterium spp. tested by snPCR. M. fortuitum and M. chelonae were isolated from two VFs, which were also positive by sn PCR in the prospective study. Statistical evaluation of the results of both retrospective and prospective investigations showed a statistically significant association of Mycobacterium spp. with Eales’ Disease. Interpretation & conclusion: The results of the present study suggested the involvement of Mycobacterium spp. in the aetiopathogenesis of Eales’ Disease. Further studies on a larger sample will be required to confirm these findings.
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polymerase chain reaction for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in epiretinal membrane in Eales Disease
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2000Co-Authors: H N Madhavan, K L Therese, P Gunisha, U Jayanthi, J BiswasAbstract:PURPOSE. Tuberculous etiology has been suggested in Eales’ Disease. Because epiretinal membrane (ERM) is formed on the inner surface of the retina in Eales’ Disease, it could be the most appropriate intraocular specimen for investigation. Therefore, a nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR), which detects MPB64 gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on the archival specimens of ERM of well-documented Eales’ and non-Eales’ patients, was applied and the results compared. METHODS. nPCR technique was standardized, and the sensitivity and specificity of the primers were determined. nPCR technique was applied to tissue sections obtained from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues of ERM from 23 patients with Eales’ Disease and 27 noninfective and non-Eales’ Disease patients as controls. RESULTS. nPCR technique was specific for M. tuberculosis genome and sensitive enough to detect 0.25 fg (corresponding to the presence of a single bacillus). Eleven (47.8%) ERM of 23 Eales’ Disease and 3 (11.1%) of 27 controls were positive for M. tuberculosis genome. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P 5 0.001), indicating association of this bacterium with Eales’ Disease. CONCLUSIONS. The demonstration of the presence of M. tuberculosis DNA by nPCR technique in significant number of ERM of Eales’ Disease compared with the controls further emphasizes the probable role of this bacterium in the pathogenesis of this enigmatic clinical condition. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000;41:822‐ 825)
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Profiling of human leukocyte antigens in Eales‘ Disease
International Ophthalmology, 1997Co-Authors: Jyotirmay Biswas, Shishir Narain, Bickol N Mukesh, H N MadhavanAbstract:Eales' Disease is a primary retinal perivasculitis of an undetermined etiology seen predominantly in the Indian sub-continent and rarely in the West. Strong HLA association has been proven in retinal vasculitis of Behcet's Disease. HLA association of Eales' Disease is unknown and therefore the present study was undertaken to determine the same. The frequency of 30 HLA antigens (9 HLA-A antigens, 10 HLA-B antigens, 3 HLA-C antigens, 7 HLA-DR antigens and 1 HLA-DQ antigen) was studied by standard micro-lymphocytotoxicity test in 57 patients with Eales' Disease and 50 age and sex-matched normal persons as controls. Both the patients and controls underwent complete ocular and clinical examinations and laboratory investigations. Inflammatory Diseases similar to Eales' Disease were ruled out in the patients before they were enrolled. Statistically significant higher phenotype frequencies of HLA B5 (B51), DR1 and DR4 were observed among patients with Eales‘ Disease as compared to controls. The gene frequency of HLA B5 (B51) in our group of patients and controls was comparable with other earlier studies in the Indian population. The finding of significant association of Eales' patients with positive disequilibrium (Δ)haplotypes A3-B44 and A11-B12 may be related to the development of this Disease. The presence of the above HLA antigens may be indicative of predisposition to Eales' Disease.
Vinay K. Khanna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha: novel targets for immunotherapy in Eales Disease.
Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2009Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Vinay K. Khanna, Aditya B. Pant, Akaash Agarwal, Kamlesh Singh, Vijay K. SinghAbstract:Background: Eales Disease is an idiopathic obliterative vasculopathy that primarily affects the peripheral retina of young adults. The authors evaluated interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the serum of patients with Eales Disease stages for the first time. Methods: The study group consisted of 45 consecutive patients of Eales Disease [inflammatory stage (n = 15) and proliferative stage (n = 30)] and 28 healthy controls. Immunoassays for the quantification of the levels of four cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α in the serum samples were performed using ELISA kits. Results: IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels were found to be increased significantly in the inflammatory stage of Eales Disease as compared to controls (p < .001). IL-1β levels decreased significantly during the proliferative stage of the Disease as compared to the inflammatory stage (p = .03). TNF-α levels increased significantly during the prolife...
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Decreased platelet membrane fluidity in retinal periphlebitis in Eales' Disease.
Ocular immunology and inflammation, 2006Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Prachi Srivastava, Vinay K. Khanna, Prahlad K. SethAbstract:Purpose: Oxidative damage to cellular membranes plays an important role in the pathobiology of tissue injury. Free radical-induced peroxidation of membrane lipid and protein is associated with alterations in cellular, morphological, biochemical, and physical dynamics, which are related to the mobility of lipid molecules. Retinal photoreceptors and platelets have been shown to be an easy target of oxidants because of their high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. This study was undertaken, for the first time, to investigate membrane fluidity in the platelets of patients with Eales' Disease. Methods: Assays of malonaldialdehyde levels and the enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase and fluorescence polarization, for estimating membrane fluidity, were carried out on platelets from 20 patients with Eales' Disease (stage 1 characterized by periphlebitis of small (1a) and large (1b) caliber vessels with superficial retinal hemorrhages) and 15 healthy controls. Results: A significant increase was observ...
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Retinal neovascularization in Eales Disease
Annals of Ophthalmology, 2003Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Prachi Srivastava, Vinay K. Khanna, Rajiv Nath, Amit Maitreya, P. K. SethAbstract:A study was undertaken, using fluorescein angiography, to correlate the area of capillary nonperfusion (CNP) with the occurrence of retinal neovascularization in 20 cases of Eales Disease. Neovascularization elsewhere and neovascularization of the disc were found in eyes with greater than 20 and 60 disc areas CNP, respectively. The role of lipid peroxides in neovascularization was also studied biochemically. A significant increase in platelet malondialdehyde levels was observed in cases with neovascularization.
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Enhanced oxidative stress in Eales Disease
Annals of Ophthalmology, 2001Co-Authors: Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Prachi Srivastava, Vinay K. Khanna, P. K. SethAbstract:A study was undertaken to evaluate oxidative stress and oxidative defense mechanisms in 14 cases of Eales Disease with retinal periphlebitis and 10 controls. Alterations in activity of the enzymes sueeroxide dismutase and catalase in platelets and the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde were estimated biochemically. Enhanced oxidative stress (significantly increased malondialdehyde levels and decreased superoxide dismutase enzyme activity) was detected. Results suggest involvement of free radicals in the pathogenesis of Eales Disease.
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Raised platelet thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances in proliferative Eales' Disease.
Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2000Co-Authors: Prachi Srivastava, Sandeep Saxena, Dipak Kumar, Vinay K. Khanna, Rajiv Nath, Prahlad K. SethAbstract:BACKGROUND: Platelets are an elective site for oxidative stress owing to their high content of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Increased lipid peroxidation and elevated platelet thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS) signal oxidative stress. This possibly leads to retinal neovascularization in Eales' Disease. METHODS: TBARS levels were estimated in consecutive cases of Eales' Disease with neovascularisation (n = 26), Eales' Disease without neovascularisation (n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 17). RESULTS: Platelet TBARS levels in the cases of Eales' Disease with neovascularisation, Eales' Disease without neovascularisation, and healthy controls were 0.66 +/- 0.1, 0.57 +/- 0.11 and 0.42 +/- 0.14 n moles TBARS formed/hour/10(8) platelets respectively. Student's t-test showed a significant increase in platelet TBARS levels in cases with neovascularisation as compared to cases without neovascularization (p < 0.05) and healthy controls (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The increase in platelet TBARS levels in proliferative Eales' Disease is consistent with an emerging view that lipid peroxides may be associated with retinal neovascularisation.
