Echinacea purpurea

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  • effect of drying temperature on alkylamide and cichoric acid concentrations of Echinacea purpurea
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003
    Co-Authors: D L Stuart, R B H Wills
    Abstract:

    Root and aerial sections (flower, stem, and leaf) of Echinacea purpurea were dried with hot air at temperatures in the range of 40-70 degrees C, and the concentrations of alkylamides and cichoric acid were determined after drying. Increasing drying temperature decreased from 48 h at 40 degrees C to 9 h at 70 degrees C but resulted in a decreased concentration of cichoric acid in all plant sections with a greater loss from aerial plant parts than from the root. There was, however, no significant difference in the concentration of the alkylamides at any drying temperature. Establishment of operational parameters for the drying of Echinacea must therefore be structured around the more labile cichoric acid.

  • effect of drying temperature on alkylamide and cichoric acid concentrations of Echinacea purpurea
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003
    Co-Authors: D L Stuart, R B H Wills
    Abstract:

    Root and aerial sections (flower, stem, and leaf) of Echinacea purpurea were dried with hot air at temperatures in the range of 40−70 °C, and the concentrations of alkylamides and cichoric acid wer...

  • factors affecting the extraction of alkylamides and cichoric acid during ethanolic processing of Echinacea purpurea l moench
    Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 2000
    Co-Authors: D L Stuart, R B H Wills
    Abstract:

    Factors generic to the manufacture of ethanolic extracts of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench were evaluated for their ability to extract the pharmacologically active alkylamides and cichoric acid in roots and shoots. Extraction of alkylamides and cichoric acid was differentially affected by ethanol composition, with 60 : 40 mixture of ethanol : water giving the maximum overall yield of both constituents. Elevated solvent temperature enhanced cichoric acid extraction but was detrimental for the alkylamides. A reduction in particle size and a high solvent : solid ratio resulted in a marked increase in extraction of both constituent groups. Both constituent groups were found to be stable in ethanol : water solutions held at 20˚C for 4 months.

  • effect of handling and storage on alkylamides and cichoric acid in Echinacea purpurea
    Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2000
    Co-Authors: R B H Wills, D L Stuart
    Abstract:

    Changes in alkylamide and cichoric acid concentrations during the handling and storage of freshly harvested and dried Echinacea purpurea plants were investigated. Plants subjected to varying degrees of physical damage to simulate rough handling were found to show no change in the concentrations of alkylamides and cichoric acid when subsequently dried within 24 h. Storage of undamaged fresh plant material at 20 °C and 60% RH for 30 days also showed no significant loss of either group of constituents. Storage of dried crushed plant material showed that alkylamides were degraded at 20 and 30 °C, especially when held in light, but no loss occurred when stored at 5 °C in the dark. Cichoric acid was found to be stable at 5, 20 and 30 °C provided that the moisture content remained low or enzymic activity was eliminated by blanching. The findings have implications for the handling and storage of Echinacea to optimise retention of alkylamides and cichoric acid. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry

  • alkylamide and cichoric acid levels in Echinacea purpurea tissues during plant growth
    Journal of Herbs Spices & Medicinal Plants, 2000
    Co-Authors: D L Stuart, R B H Wills
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Echinacea purpurea plants grown at two sites were analyzed for alkylamides and cichoric acid content at four growth stages from pre-flowering to senescence. Total alkylamide concentration in the root, stem and leaf decreased throughout the first growing season while the concentration in flowers increased. In mature plants, the root contained about 70 percent of the total plant alkylamides with approximately 20 percent in flower, 10 percent in stem and 1 percent in leaf tissue. The relative proportion of individual alkylamides in the root did not change during plant growth. Cichoric acid concentration in plant tissues did not change during plant growth, but did decrease during plant senescence. Similar concentrations of cichoric acid were measured in root, flower and leaf tissues, but stem levels were lower. In mature plants, the flower and leaf each contained about 35 percent of the total plant cichoric acid while the root and stem contained approximately 20 and 10 percent, respectively.

D L Stuart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of drying temperature on alkylamide and cichoric acid concentrations of Echinacea purpurea
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003
    Co-Authors: D L Stuart, R B H Wills
    Abstract:

    Root and aerial sections (flower, stem, and leaf) of Echinacea purpurea were dried with hot air at temperatures in the range of 40-70 degrees C, and the concentrations of alkylamides and cichoric acid were determined after drying. Increasing drying temperature decreased from 48 h at 40 degrees C to 9 h at 70 degrees C but resulted in a decreased concentration of cichoric acid in all plant sections with a greater loss from aerial plant parts than from the root. There was, however, no significant difference in the concentration of the alkylamides at any drying temperature. Establishment of operational parameters for the drying of Echinacea must therefore be structured around the more labile cichoric acid.

  • effect of drying temperature on alkylamide and cichoric acid concentrations of Echinacea purpurea
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003
    Co-Authors: D L Stuart, R B H Wills
    Abstract:

    Root and aerial sections (flower, stem, and leaf) of Echinacea purpurea were dried with hot air at temperatures in the range of 40−70 °C, and the concentrations of alkylamides and cichoric acid wer...

  • factors affecting the extraction of alkylamides and cichoric acid during ethanolic processing of Echinacea purpurea l moench
    Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 2000
    Co-Authors: D L Stuart, R B H Wills
    Abstract:

    Factors generic to the manufacture of ethanolic extracts of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench were evaluated for their ability to extract the pharmacologically active alkylamides and cichoric acid in roots and shoots. Extraction of alkylamides and cichoric acid was differentially affected by ethanol composition, with 60 : 40 mixture of ethanol : water giving the maximum overall yield of both constituents. Elevated solvent temperature enhanced cichoric acid extraction but was detrimental for the alkylamides. A reduction in particle size and a high solvent : solid ratio resulted in a marked increase in extraction of both constituent groups. Both constituent groups were found to be stable in ethanol : water solutions held at 20˚C for 4 months.

  • effect of handling and storage on alkylamides and cichoric acid in Echinacea purpurea
    Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2000
    Co-Authors: R B H Wills, D L Stuart
    Abstract:

    Changes in alkylamide and cichoric acid concentrations during the handling and storage of freshly harvested and dried Echinacea purpurea plants were investigated. Plants subjected to varying degrees of physical damage to simulate rough handling were found to show no change in the concentrations of alkylamides and cichoric acid when subsequently dried within 24 h. Storage of undamaged fresh plant material at 20 °C and 60% RH for 30 days also showed no significant loss of either group of constituents. Storage of dried crushed plant material showed that alkylamides were degraded at 20 and 30 °C, especially when held in light, but no loss occurred when stored at 5 °C in the dark. Cichoric acid was found to be stable at 5, 20 and 30 °C provided that the moisture content remained low or enzymic activity was eliminated by blanching. The findings have implications for the handling and storage of Echinacea to optimise retention of alkylamides and cichoric acid. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry

  • alkylamide and cichoric acid levels in Echinacea purpurea tissues during plant growth
    Journal of Herbs Spices & Medicinal Plants, 2000
    Co-Authors: D L Stuart, R B H Wills
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Echinacea purpurea plants grown at two sites were analyzed for alkylamides and cichoric acid content at four growth stages from pre-flowering to senescence. Total alkylamide concentration in the root, stem and leaf decreased throughout the first growing season while the concentration in flowers increased. In mature plants, the root contained about 70 percent of the total plant alkylamides with approximately 20 percent in flower, 10 percent in stem and 1 percent in leaf tissue. The relative proportion of individual alkylamides in the root did not change during plant growth. Cichoric acid concentration in plant tissues did not change during plant growth, but did decrease during plant senescence. Similar concentrations of cichoric acid were measured in root, flower and leaf tissues, but stem levels were lower. In mature plants, the flower and leaf each contained about 35 percent of the total plant cichoric acid while the root and stem contained approximately 20 and 10 percent, respectively.

Tiexin Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Yanli Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Ragažinskienė Ona - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench) hemagglutinin effect on immune response In Vivo
    'MDPI AG', 2021
    Co-Authors: Balčiūnaitė Murzienė - Gabrielė, Miknienė Zoja, Ragažinskienė Ona, Juodžiukynienė Nomeda, Savickienė Nijolė, Savickas Arūnas, Pangonytė Dalia
    Abstract:

    Article Number: 936Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench) is used in traditional and conventional medicine. However, there is lack of data on the biological activities of primary plant metabolite lectins. The aim of our experiment was to find out how lectin LysM (lysine motif), which was previously purified, affects the immune response in vivo. Eight-week-old BALB/c male mice (n = 15) received four weekly 250 mu g/kg peritonial injections of purified Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench) roots' LysM lectin. The control animal group (n = 15) received 50 mu L peritoneal injections of fresh Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench) root tincture, and the negative control animal group (n = 15) received 50 mu L peritoneal injections of physiological solution. At the fifth experimental week, the animals were sedated with carbon dioxide, and later euthanized by cervical dislocation, and then their blood and spleen samples were collected. The leukocytes' formula and lymphocytes' count was estimated in blood samples, the T lymphocytes' density was evaluated in spleen zones. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between each group was observed in the leukocytes' formula (monocytes' percentage, also little, medium and giant size lymphocytes). The purple coneflower fresh roots' tincture significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the T lymphocytes' quantity in peritoneal lymphoid sheaths (PALS) compared with the physiological solution injection's group (p < 0.05) and the lectin injection's group (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, lectin injections caused a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the T lymphocytes in a spleen PALS zone, compared with the physiological solution and tincture injection's group. Our data suggests that LysM lectin acts as an immunostimulant, while fresh purple coneflower tincture causes immunosuppressionLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas. Medicinos akademijaLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas. Veterinarijos akademijaVaistinių ir prieskon. augalų moks. sek.Vytauto Didžiojo universiteta

  • Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench) hemagglutinin effect on immune response In Vivo
    'MDPI AG', 2021
    Co-Authors: Balčiūnaitė Murzienė - Gabrielė, Miknienė Zoja, Ragažinskienė Ona, Juodžiukynienė Nomeda, Savickienė Nijolė, Savickas Arūnas, Pangonytė Dalia
    Abstract:

    Article Number: 936Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench) is used in traditional and conventional medicine. However, there is lack of data on the biological activities of primary plant metabolite lectins. The aim of our experiment was to find out how lectin LysM (lysine motif), which was previously purified, affects the immune response in vivo. Eight-week-old BALB/c male mice (n = 15) received four weekly 250 mu g/kg peritonial injections of purified Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench) roots' LysM lectin. The control animal group (n = 15) received 50 mu L peritoneal injections of fresh Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench) root tincture, and the negative control animal group (n = 15) received 50 mu L peritoneal injections of physiological solution. At the fifth experimental week, the animals were sedated with carbon dioxide, and later euthanized by cervical dislocation, and then their blood and spleen samples were collected. The leukocytes' formula and lymphocytes' count was estimated in blood samples, the T lymphocytes' density was evaluated in spleen zones. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between each group was observed in the leukocytes' formula (monocytes' percentage, also little, medium and giant size lymphocytes). The purple coneflower fresh roots' tincture significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the T lymphocytes' quantity in peritoneal lymphoid sheaths (PALS) compared with the physiological solution injection's group (p < 0.05) and the lectin injection's group (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, lectin injections caused a significant (p < 0.01) increase in the T lymphocytes in a spleen PALS zone, compared with the physiological solution and tincture injection's group. Our data suggests that LysM lectin acts as an immunostimulant, while fresh purple coneflower tincture causes immunosuppressionLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas. Medicinos akademijaLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas. Veterinarijos akademijaVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

  • Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench root lectin nephrotoxicity
    2020
    Co-Authors: Balčiūnaitė Gabrielė, Haimi Perttu-juhani, Miknienė Zoja, Savickas Girius, Ragažinskienė Ona, Juodžiukynienė Nomeda, Baniulis Danas, Pangonytė Dalia
    Abstract:

    Introduction. Lectins or hemagglutinins are non-immune origin glycoproteins, which can bind carbohydrate structures in specific and reversible manner. They have big potential for their therapeutical applications such as immunomodulatory [1], anticancer [2], antibacterial [3] and other activities. Hemagglutinins from Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench roots haven’t been investigated and tested on animal models in vivo. Aim of experiment: To purify hemagglutinins from Echinacea purpurea (L.) (Moench) roots and test their activity on mice kidney morphology in vivo. Experiment tasks: 1. Purify and identify hemagglutinins from purple coneflower roots; 2. Test hemagglutinin impact on mice kidney morphology in vivo. Materials and methods. 1. Affinity column with immobilized D-(+)-mannose ligands was equilibrated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) pH 7.4. Unbound proteins were washed out with PBS at the elution rate 1 mL/min. Hemagglutinins were eluted out of the column with 0.2 M lactose solution in PBS. Following hemagglutinin fraction was collected and checked for hemagglutinating activity [4]. Hemagglutinating active fraction was separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotted for glycosylated proteins. Glycosylated protein bands were identified with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry by Echinacea transcriptome and sunflower genome database search. 2. Purified hemagglutinin fractions tested on animal models in vivo (Approved by State Food and Veterinary Service, permission No. G. 2-56). Three different test animal groups were selected: animals (n=15) in negative control group got 50 μL peritoneal injections of physiological NaCl solution, animals in tincture group (n=15) got 50 μL peritoneal injection of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench root tincture (1 μl of tincture ... [...]Botanikos sodasLetuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetasLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centrasLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetasVaistinių ir prieskon. augalų kol. sekt.Vytauto Didžiojo universiteta

  • Fractionation and evaluation of proteins in roots of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench
    'Walter de Gruyter GmbH', 2020
    Co-Authors: Balčiūnaitė Gabrielė, Ragažinskienė Ona, Juodsnukytė Jovita, Savickas Arūnas, Siatkutė Luka, Žvirblytė Gitana, Mistinienė Edita, Savickienė Nijolė
    Abstract:

    ISSN (Online) 1846-9558Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench, a member of the Asteraceae family, is a plant rich in flavonoids, essential oils, phenolic compounds, saponins, polysaccharides and glycoproteins. The aim of the study was to evaluate the protein content in dried roots of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench after homogenization of roots with liquid nitrogen, extraction in 0.01 mol L-1 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and purification followed by fractionation of proteins using gel filtration chromatography. Total concentration of proteins was measured using the Bradford method, and evaluation of the molecular mass of proteins was accomplished by applying the SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis. The Bradford assay revealed that the highest concentration of proteins in fractions collected after gel filtration chromatography was 4.66–6.07 mg mL-1. Glycoproteins, alkamides and polysaccharides in roots of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench are chemical compounds that are responsible for their immunomodulatory properties. However, information about the difference of protein contents in fresh and dried roots of E. purpurea is insufficientBotanikos sodasLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetasLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetas. Medicinos akademijaVilniaus universitetas. Biotechnologijų centrasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

  • Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench root lectin nephrotoxicity
    2020
    Co-Authors: Balčiūnaitė Gabrielė, Haimi Perttu-juhani, Miknienė Zoja, Savickas Girius, Ragažinskienė Ona, Juodžiukynienė Nomeda, Baniulis Danas, Pangonytė Dalia
    Abstract:

    Introduction. Lectins or hemagglutinins are non-immune origin glycoproteins, which can bind carbohydrate structures in specific and reversible manner. They have big potential for their therapeutical applications such as immunomodulatory [1], anticancer [2], antibacterial [3] and other activities. Hemagglutinins from Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench roots haven’t been investigated and tested on animal models in vivo. Aim of experiment: To purify hemagglutinins from Echinacea purpurea (L.) (Moench) roots and test their activity on mice kidney morphology in vivo. Experiment tasks: 1. Purify and identify hemagglutinins from purple coneflower roots; 2. Test hemagglutinin impact on mice kidney morphology in vivo. Materials and methods. 1. Affinity column with immobilized D-(+)-mannose ligands was equilibrated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) pH 7.4. Unbound proteins were washed out with PBS at the elution rate 1 mL/min. Hemagglutinins were eluted out of the column with 0.2 M lactose solution in PBS. Following hemagglutinin fraction was collected and checked for hemagglutinating activity [4]. Hemagglutinating active fraction was separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotted for glycosylated proteins. Glycosylated protein bands were identified with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry by Echinacea transcriptome and sunflower genome database search. 2. Purified hemagglutinin fractions tested on animal models in vivo (Approved by State Food and Veterinary Service, permission No. G. 2-56). Three different test animal groups were selected: animals (n=15) in negative control group got 50 μL peritoneal injections of physiological NaCl solution, animals in tincture group (n=15) got 50 μL peritoneal injection of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench root tincture (1 μl of tincture ... [...]Letuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetasLietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centrasLietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

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