The Experts below are selected from a list of 6288 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nicholas John Ashbolt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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innovative production treatment hydroponic farm for primary municipal sewage utilisation
2000Co-Authors: Abdellah A. Rababah, Nicholas John AshboltAbstract:Abstract The objectives of this work were to investigate a conceptual layout for an inexpensive and simple system that would treat primary municipal wastewater to discharge standards. Furthermore, the system may provide an increased supply of safe water for irrigation with low operational costs and produce commercially valuable plants for small communities in arid and semi-arid areas. A commercial hydroponic system was adapted for this study and consisted of five gullies, 3 m long by 100 mm wide. Primary treated effluent was used to irrigate lettuce in one series and a commercial nutrient solution was used to irrigate the same type of lettuce in another series as a control, both by nutrient film technique (NFT). Nutrient and suspended solids were efficiently removed by the NFT plant system. While no uptake of F-RNA bacteriophages were detected within lettuce leaves, uptake was apparent from spiked virus-sized particles (fluorescent 0.1 μ m microspheres) and equivocal from spores of the faecal bacterium, Clostridium perfringens . Microbial data was used in a β-Poisson dose response model and indicated that the probability of infection for a single ingestion event of NFT grown lettuce grown on primary treated municipal effluent was about 1.7% for viruses. Moreover, plants accumulated heavy metals in leaf tissues at concentrations higher than the maximum recommended levels for Australian and New Zealand food (As=6.5, Cd=3.8, Pb=20 mg kg −1 ). Hence, it is recommended to evaluate ornamental or non-Edible Crops, such as essential oils, pyrethrum or flowers for sewage treatment. A conceptual layout for a full-scale production treatment hydroponic farm (PTHF) for small communities was based on modelling phosphorus removal with the hydroponic NFT experimental pilot plant. With NFT culture of lettuces, roots and other surfaces accounted for 67–72% of total phosphorous (TP) removal (by adsorption mechanisms). Based on empirical modelling, an influent TP 2–6 mg l −1 PTHF would be expected to be economical for small communities ( −1 , SS −1 and BOD −1 . Lower values would be expected if the effluent was polished through a humus filter.
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innovative production treatment hydroponic farm for primary municipal sewage
2000Co-Authors: Abdellah A. Rababah, Nicholas John AshboltAbstract:The objectives of this work were to investigate a conceptual layout for an inexpensive and simple system that would treat primary municipal wastewater to discharge standards. Furthermore, the system may provide an increased supply of safe water for irrigation with low operational costs and produce commercially valuable plants for small communities in arid and semi-arid areas. A commercial hydroponic system was adapted for this study and consisted of five gullies, 3 m long by 100 mm wide. Primary treated eCuent was used to irrigate lettuce in one series and a commercial nutrient solution was used to irrigate the same type of lettuce in another series as a control, both by nutrient film technique (NFT). Nutrient and suspended solids were eAciently removed by the NFT plant system. While no uptake of F-RNA bacteriophages were detected within lettuce leaves, uptake was apparent from spiked virus-sized particles (fluorescent 0.1 mm microspheres) and equivocal from spores of the faecal bacterium, Clostridium perfringens. Microbial data was used in a b-Poisson dose response model and indicated that the probability of infection for a single ingestion event of NFT grown lettuce grown on primary treated municipal eCuent was about 1.7% for viruses. Moreover, plants accumulated heavy metals in leaf tissues at concentrations higher than the maximum recommended levels for Australian and New Zealand food (As=6.5, Cd=3.8, Pb=20 mg kg ˇ1 ). Hence, it is recommended to evaluate ornamental or non-Edible Crops, such as essential oils, pyrethrum or flowers for sewage treatment. A conceptual layout for a full-scale production treatment hydroponic farm (PTHF) for small communities was based on modelling phosphorus removal with the hydroponic NFT experimental pilot plant. With NFT culture of lettuces, roots and other surfaces accounted for 67-72% of total phosphorous (TP) removal (by adsorption mechanisms). Based on empirical modelling, an influent TP 2-6 mg l ˇ1 PTHF would be expected to be economical for small communities (<400 people) and produce eCuent with TP <0.15 mg l ˇ1 , SS <2.5 mg l ˇ1 and BOD <55 mg l ˇ1 . Lower values would be expected if the
Sumathi Renganathan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production a biorefinery approach
2016Co-Authors: Thangaiyan Suganya, Mahendra Varman, Haji Hassan Masjuki, Sumathi RenganathanAbstract:Due to diminishing petroleum reserves and deleterious environmental consequences of exhaust gases from fossil-based fuels, research on renewable and environment friendly fuels has received a lot of impetus in the recent years. However, the availability of the non-Edible Crops serve as the sources for biofuel production are limited and economically not feasible. Algae are a promising alternative source to the conventional feedstocks for the third generation biofuel production. There has been a considerable discussion in the recent years about the potential of microalgae for the production of biofuels, but there may be other more readily exploitable commercial opportunities for macroalgae and microalgae. This review, briefly describes the biofuels conversion technologies for both macroalgae and microalgae. The gasification process produces combustible gases such as H2, CH4, CO2 and ammonia, whereas, the product of pyrolysis is bio-oil. The fermentation product of algae is ethanol, that can be used as a direct fuel or as a gasohol. Hydrogen can be obtained from the photobiological process of algal biomass. In transesterification process, algae oil is converted into biodiesel, which is quite similar to those of conventional diesel and it can be blended with the petroleum diesel. This study, also reviewed the production of high value byproducts from macroalgae and microalgae and their commercial applications. Algae as a potential renewable resource is not only used for biofuels but also for human health, animal and aquatic nutrition, environmental applications such as CO2 mitigation, wastewater treatment, biofertilizer, high-value compounds, synthesis of pigments and stable isotope biochemicals. This review is mainly an attempt, to investigate the biorefinery concept applied on the algal technology, for the synthesis of novel bioproducts to improve the algal biofuels as even more diversified and economically competitive.
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Macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: A biorefinery approach
2016Co-Authors: Thangaiyan Suganya, Mahendra Varman, Haji Hassan Masjuki, Sumathi RenganathanAbstract:Due to diminishing petroleum reserves and deleterious environmental consequences of exhaust gases from fossil-based fuels, research on renewable and environment friendly fuels has received a lot of impetus in the recent years. However, the availability of the non-Edible Crops serve as the sources for biofuel production are limited and economically not feasible. Algae are a promising alternative source to the conventional feedstocks for the third generation biofuel production. There has been a considerable discussion in the recent years about the potential of microalgae for the production of biofuels, but there may be other more readily exploitable commercial opportunities for macroalgae and microalgae. This review, briefly describes the biofuels conversion technologies for both macroalgae and microalgae. The gasification process produces combustible gases such as H 2 , CH 4 , CO 2 and ammonia, whereas, the product of pyrolysis is bio-oil. The fermentation product of algae is ethanol, that can be used as a direct fuel or as a gasohol. Hydrogen can be obtained from the photobiological process of algal biomass. In transesterification process, algae oil is converted into biodiesel, which is quite similar to those of conventional diesel and it can be blended with the petroleum diesel. This study, also reviewed the production of high value byproducts from macroalgae and microalgae and their commercial applications. Algae as a potential renewable resource is not only used for biofuels but also for human health, animal and aquatic nutrition, environmental applications such as CO 2 mitigation, wastewater treatment, biofertilizer, high-value compounds, synthesis of pigments and stable isotope biochemicals. This review is mainly an attempt, to investigate the biorefinery concept applied on the algal technology, for the synthesis of novel bioproducts to improve the algal biofuels as even more diversified and economically competitive. The employment of a high-value, co-product strategy through the integrated biorefinery approach is expected to significantly enhance the overall commercial implementation of the biofuel from the algal technology.
Julien Parelle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Trace Metal(oid) Accumulation in Edible Crops and Poplar Cuttings Grown on Dredged Sediment Enriched Soil
2018Co-Authors: Mohamad Assad, Fabienne Tatin-froux, Michel Chalot, Valérie Bert, Julien ParelleAbstract:The development of a biomonitor in the context of multiple-element contamination in urban environments was tested by comparing element transfer in Edible Crops and poplar (Populus trichocarpa Torr. ´ Populus maximowiczii A. Henry cutlivar 'Skado'). A multielemental analysis was performed with various common Edible Crops (cucumber [Cucumis sativus L.], pepper [Capsicum annuum L.], cabbage [Brassica oleracea L.], and lettuce [Lactuca sativa L.]) and the Skado poplar cultivar grown on soils that received sediments dredged from water canals in the 1960s. Sediments were distributed unevenly on the soil, allowing us to sample two types of areas that were either weakly (Area 1) or highly (Area 2) contaminated, mainly by Cd, Pb, and Zn. We registered an accumulation of Cd and Zn in the Edible parts of Crops, with higher values recorded for leafy vegetables than for fruit vegetables. We did not detect any accumulation of Pb in the plant species studied. We calculated the fresh mass that must be consumed daily to reach tolerable daily intake (TDI) recommendations for each element and found evidence that Cd could be ingested in sufficient amounts to reach the TDI in this context. Poplar and pepper leaves accumulated more Cd and Zn than the Edible parts of the study Crops grown on both substrates, which suggests that poplar and pepper may be suitable species for biomonitoring element transfer to vegetation in this context.
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Accumulation of trace elements in Edible Crops and poplar grown on a titanium ore landfill
2017Co-Authors: Mohamad Assad, Fabienne Tatin-froux, Damien Blaudez, Michel Chalot, Julien ParelleAbstract:Urban gardening has recently experienced rapid development; however, the risk of the transfer of toxic elements from neighboring industry needs to be evaluated. We performed a multi-elemental analysis with several common Edible Crops (cucumber, pepper, cabbage, and lettuce) and poplar grown directly on a titanium ore landfill as a maximized scenario of exposure. Despite elevated concentrations of soil Ca, Fe, Mn, and Ti resulting from the industrial process, we did not register higher accumulation of these elements in the Edible parts of Crops or in poplar leaves grown on red gypsum compared with the control soil. Only S concentrations were higher in plants grown on the red gypsum, especially for cabbage. The principal component analysis among elements for plants grown on red gypsum indicated that S and Mn were accumulated by different plant species than Cd, Cu, and Zn. The poplar clone had a significantly higher transfer of S and Cr than the control and is a suitable tree species for monitoring element transfer to vegetation in this industrial context. By comparing our data with tolerable daily intake (TDI) recommendations, we demonstrated the low risk of cultivating Edible Crops directly on an industrial substrate in a maximized scenario of exposure, except for Cr, for which the toxicity depends on the bioavailable form. However, we did not consider the cumulative effects of the various elements because there are no current guidelines, and further research is needed to address this question.
Abdellah A. Rababah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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innovative production treatment hydroponic farm for primary municipal sewage utilisation
2000Co-Authors: Abdellah A. Rababah, Nicholas John AshboltAbstract:Abstract The objectives of this work were to investigate a conceptual layout for an inexpensive and simple system that would treat primary municipal wastewater to discharge standards. Furthermore, the system may provide an increased supply of safe water for irrigation with low operational costs and produce commercially valuable plants for small communities in arid and semi-arid areas. A commercial hydroponic system was adapted for this study and consisted of five gullies, 3 m long by 100 mm wide. Primary treated effluent was used to irrigate lettuce in one series and a commercial nutrient solution was used to irrigate the same type of lettuce in another series as a control, both by nutrient film technique (NFT). Nutrient and suspended solids were efficiently removed by the NFT plant system. While no uptake of F-RNA bacteriophages were detected within lettuce leaves, uptake was apparent from spiked virus-sized particles (fluorescent 0.1 μ m microspheres) and equivocal from spores of the faecal bacterium, Clostridium perfringens . Microbial data was used in a β-Poisson dose response model and indicated that the probability of infection for a single ingestion event of NFT grown lettuce grown on primary treated municipal effluent was about 1.7% for viruses. Moreover, plants accumulated heavy metals in leaf tissues at concentrations higher than the maximum recommended levels for Australian and New Zealand food (As=6.5, Cd=3.8, Pb=20 mg kg −1 ). Hence, it is recommended to evaluate ornamental or non-Edible Crops, such as essential oils, pyrethrum or flowers for sewage treatment. A conceptual layout for a full-scale production treatment hydroponic farm (PTHF) for small communities was based on modelling phosphorus removal with the hydroponic NFT experimental pilot plant. With NFT culture of lettuces, roots and other surfaces accounted for 67–72% of total phosphorous (TP) removal (by adsorption mechanisms). Based on empirical modelling, an influent TP 2–6 mg l −1 PTHF would be expected to be economical for small communities ( −1 , SS −1 and BOD −1 . Lower values would be expected if the effluent was polished through a humus filter.
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innovative production treatment hydroponic farm for primary municipal sewage
2000Co-Authors: Abdellah A. Rababah, Nicholas John AshboltAbstract:The objectives of this work were to investigate a conceptual layout for an inexpensive and simple system that would treat primary municipal wastewater to discharge standards. Furthermore, the system may provide an increased supply of safe water for irrigation with low operational costs and produce commercially valuable plants for small communities in arid and semi-arid areas. A commercial hydroponic system was adapted for this study and consisted of five gullies, 3 m long by 100 mm wide. Primary treated eCuent was used to irrigate lettuce in one series and a commercial nutrient solution was used to irrigate the same type of lettuce in another series as a control, both by nutrient film technique (NFT). Nutrient and suspended solids were eAciently removed by the NFT plant system. While no uptake of F-RNA bacteriophages were detected within lettuce leaves, uptake was apparent from spiked virus-sized particles (fluorescent 0.1 mm microspheres) and equivocal from spores of the faecal bacterium, Clostridium perfringens. Microbial data was used in a b-Poisson dose response model and indicated that the probability of infection for a single ingestion event of NFT grown lettuce grown on primary treated municipal eCuent was about 1.7% for viruses. Moreover, plants accumulated heavy metals in leaf tissues at concentrations higher than the maximum recommended levels for Australian and New Zealand food (As=6.5, Cd=3.8, Pb=20 mg kg ˇ1 ). Hence, it is recommended to evaluate ornamental or non-Edible Crops, such as essential oils, pyrethrum or flowers for sewage treatment. A conceptual layout for a full-scale production treatment hydroponic farm (PTHF) for small communities was based on modelling phosphorus removal with the hydroponic NFT experimental pilot plant. With NFT culture of lettuces, roots and other surfaces accounted for 67-72% of total phosphorous (TP) removal (by adsorption mechanisms). Based on empirical modelling, an influent TP 2-6 mg l ˇ1 PTHF would be expected to be economical for small communities (<400 people) and produce eCuent with TP <0.15 mg l ˇ1 , SS <2.5 mg l ˇ1 and BOD <55 mg l ˇ1 . Lower values would be expected if the
Thangaiyan Suganya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production a biorefinery approach
2016Co-Authors: Thangaiyan Suganya, Mahendra Varman, Haji Hassan Masjuki, Sumathi RenganathanAbstract:Due to diminishing petroleum reserves and deleterious environmental consequences of exhaust gases from fossil-based fuels, research on renewable and environment friendly fuels has received a lot of impetus in the recent years. However, the availability of the non-Edible Crops serve as the sources for biofuel production are limited and economically not feasible. Algae are a promising alternative source to the conventional feedstocks for the third generation biofuel production. There has been a considerable discussion in the recent years about the potential of microalgae for the production of biofuels, but there may be other more readily exploitable commercial opportunities for macroalgae and microalgae. This review, briefly describes the biofuels conversion technologies for both macroalgae and microalgae. The gasification process produces combustible gases such as H2, CH4, CO2 and ammonia, whereas, the product of pyrolysis is bio-oil. The fermentation product of algae is ethanol, that can be used as a direct fuel or as a gasohol. Hydrogen can be obtained from the photobiological process of algal biomass. In transesterification process, algae oil is converted into biodiesel, which is quite similar to those of conventional diesel and it can be blended with the petroleum diesel. This study, also reviewed the production of high value byproducts from macroalgae and microalgae and their commercial applications. Algae as a potential renewable resource is not only used for biofuels but also for human health, animal and aquatic nutrition, environmental applications such as CO2 mitigation, wastewater treatment, biofertilizer, high-value compounds, synthesis of pigments and stable isotope biochemicals. This review is mainly an attempt, to investigate the biorefinery concept applied on the algal technology, for the synthesis of novel bioproducts to improve the algal biofuels as even more diversified and economically competitive.
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Macroalgae and microalgae as a potential source for commercial applications along with biofuels production: A biorefinery approach
2016Co-Authors: Thangaiyan Suganya, Mahendra Varman, Haji Hassan Masjuki, Sumathi RenganathanAbstract:Due to diminishing petroleum reserves and deleterious environmental consequences of exhaust gases from fossil-based fuels, research on renewable and environment friendly fuels has received a lot of impetus in the recent years. However, the availability of the non-Edible Crops serve as the sources for biofuel production are limited and economically not feasible. Algae are a promising alternative source to the conventional feedstocks for the third generation biofuel production. There has been a considerable discussion in the recent years about the potential of microalgae for the production of biofuels, but there may be other more readily exploitable commercial opportunities for macroalgae and microalgae. This review, briefly describes the biofuels conversion technologies for both macroalgae and microalgae. The gasification process produces combustible gases such as H 2 , CH 4 , CO 2 and ammonia, whereas, the product of pyrolysis is bio-oil. The fermentation product of algae is ethanol, that can be used as a direct fuel or as a gasohol. Hydrogen can be obtained from the photobiological process of algal biomass. In transesterification process, algae oil is converted into biodiesel, which is quite similar to those of conventional diesel and it can be blended with the petroleum diesel. This study, also reviewed the production of high value byproducts from macroalgae and microalgae and their commercial applications. Algae as a potential renewable resource is not only used for biofuels but also for human health, animal and aquatic nutrition, environmental applications such as CO 2 mitigation, wastewater treatment, biofertilizer, high-value compounds, synthesis of pigments and stable isotope biochemicals. This review is mainly an attempt, to investigate the biorefinery concept applied on the algal technology, for the synthesis of novel bioproducts to improve the algal biofuels as even more diversified and economically competitive. The employment of a high-value, co-product strategy through the integrated biorefinery approach is expected to significantly enhance the overall commercial implementation of the biofuel from the algal technology.
