The Experts below are selected from a list of 456 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Isaías Alvarado-díaz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prospective thinking in a mustelid? Eira Barbara (Carnivora) cache unripe fruits to consume them once ripened
Naturwissenschaften, 2011Co-Authors: Fernando G. Soley, Isaías Alvarado-díazAbstract:The ability of nonhuman animals to project individual actions into the future is a hotly debated topic. We describe the caching behaviour of tayras ( Eira Barbara ) based on direct observations in the field, pictures from camera traps and radio telemetry, providing evidence that these mustelids pick and cache unripe fruit for future consumption. This is the first reported case of harvesting of unripe fruits by a nonhuman animal. Ripe fruits are readily taken by a variety of animals, and tayras might benefit by securing a food source before strong competition takes place. Unripe climacteric fruits need to be harvested when mature to ensure that they continue their ripening process, and tayras accurately choose mature stages of these fruits for caching. Tayras cache both native (sapote) and non-native (plantain) fruits that differ in morphology and developmental timeframes, showing sophisticated cognitive ability that might involve highly developed learning abilities and/or prospective thinking.
Fernando G. Soley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Notes on the flexibility of foraging behaviour in Tayras Eira Barbara
2012Co-Authors: Fernando G. SoleyAbstract:Based on direct field observations, images from camera traps, and analysis of faeces, I describe aspects of diet and foraging behaviour of Tayras Eira Barbara in July 2004 and during September–December 2006 at La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. Tayra diet consisted primarily of Musa (introduced plantains and bananas) and Cacao Theobroma cacao fruits. Tayras visited an abandoned plantain plantation during day and night and were observed foraging individually or in pairs. Tayras cached unripe plantains and retrieved them once ripened. Tayras exhibit versatility of foraging behaviours and visited disturbed sites.
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Prospective thinking in a mustelid? Eira Barbara (Carnivora) cache unripe fruits to consume them once ripened
Naturwissenschaften, 2011Co-Authors: Fernando G. Soley, Isaías Alvarado-díazAbstract:The ability of nonhuman animals to project individual actions into the future is a hotly debated topic. We describe the caching behaviour of tayras ( Eira Barbara ) based on direct observations in the field, pictures from camera traps and radio telemetry, providing evidence that these mustelids pick and cache unripe fruit for future consumption. This is the first reported case of harvesting of unripe fruits by a nonhuman animal. Ripe fruits are readily taken by a variety of animals, and tayras might benefit by securing a food source before strong competition takes place. Unripe climacteric fruits need to be harvested when mature to ensure that they continue their ripening process, and tayras accurately choose mature stages of these fruits for caching. Tayras cache both native (sapote) and non-native (plantain) fruits that differ in morphology and developmental timeframes, showing sophisticated cognitive ability that might involve highly developed learning abilities and/or prospective thinking.
Adriano Garcia Chiarello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occurrence of tayras (Eira Barbara Linnaeus, 1758) with anomalous coloration in Cerrado remnants in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Biota Neotropica, 2019Co-Authors: Vitória M. Scrich, Marcella Do Carmo Pônzio, Nielson Pasqualotto, Thiago Ferreira Rodrigues, Roberta Montanheiro Paolino, Adriano Garcia ChiarelloAbstract:Abstract: Coloration anomalies are mainly genetically-based disorders in which body pigmentation is either reduced (hypopigmentation) or produced in excess (melanism), in parts or the totality of the body. Cases of hypopigmentation have been documented in many neotropical mammals, including the tayra (Eira Barbara Linnaeus, 1758). We expand the account of anomalous coloration occurrence presenting new registers of hypopigmented tayras in Brazil. Data was collected during a mammal survey carried out in three agricultural landscapes within the Cerrado domain in the northeast of the state of São Paulo. We obtained two kinds of records of hypopigmented tayras, one from direct sighting and the other from a camera-trap. We discuss the likely implications of this conspicuous coloration to tayras and highlight some possibilities of study.
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atlantic camtraps a dataset of medium and large terrestrial mammal communities in the atlantic forest of south america
Ecology, 2017Co-Authors: Fernando Lima, Gabrielle Beca, Renata De Lara Muylaert, Clinton N Jenkins, Miriam Lucia Lages Perilli, Ana Maria De Oliveira Paschoal, Rodrigo Lima Massara, Adriano Pereira Paglia, Adriano Garcia Chiarello, Mauricio Eduardo GraipelAbstract:Our understanding of mammal ecology has always been hindered by the difficulties of observing species in closed tropical forests. Camera trapping has become a major advance for monitoring terrestrial mammals in biodiversity rich ecosystems. Here we compiled one of the largest datasets of inventories of terrestrial mammal communities for the Neotropical region based on camera trapping studies. The dataset comprises 170 surveys of medium to large terrestrial mammals using camera traps conducted in 144 areas by 74 studies, covering six vegetation types of tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of South America (Brazil and Argentina), and present data on species composition and richness. The complete dataset comprises 53,438 independent records of 83 species of mammals, includes 10 species of marsupials, 15 rodents, 20 carnivores, 8 ungulates and 6 armadillos. Species richness averaged 13 species (± 6.07 SD) per site. Only six species occurred in more than 50% of the sites: the domestic dog Canis familiaris, crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, tayra Eira Barbara, south American coati Nasua nasua, crab-eating raccoon Procyon cancrivorus and the nine-banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus. The information contained in this dataset can be used to understand macroecological patterns of biodiversity, community, and population structure, but also to evaluate the ecological consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and trophic interactions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Ecological interactions between ocelots and sympatric mesocarnivores in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil
Journal of Mammalogy, 2016Co-Authors: Rodrigo Lima Massara, Ana Maria De Oliveira Paschoal, Larissa L. Bailey, Paul F. Doherty, Adriano Garcia ChiarelloAbstract:Fragmentation and habitat loss are top threats to tropical forest biodiversity and the Atlantic Forest is no exception. Over 80% of Atlantic Forest remnants in Brazil are < 50 ha and lack resident populations of large predators (jaguars, Panthera onca , and pumas, Puma concolor ). Mesopredators with opportunistic life-history characteristics (e.g., ocelots, Leopardus pardalis ) are now hypothesized to be the dominant competitor(s) in these systems and may negatively affect the spatial or temporal distribution of other sympatric mesocarnivores. We used camera-trap data, occupancy models, and temporal overlap indexes to explore whether ocelot occurrence influenced the habitat use or activity patterns of 6 mesocarnivores in reserves of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Ocelot occurrence did not influence the habitat use of these mesocarnivores. Moreover, the ability of some mesocarnivore species, especially the little spotted cat ( L. guttulus ), to adjust their activity patterns to avoid direct contact with ocelots may facilitate their coexistence in these Atlantic Forest remnants. Ocelot occurrence did not influence the activity pattern of 2 nocturnal species (the crab-eating fox, Cerdocyon thous , and the crab-eating raccoon, Procyon cancrivorus ), suggesting that these species are more tolerant of ocelots than other mesocarnivores. The probability of occupancy varied among species, with tayra ( Eira Barbara ) and South American coati ( Nasua nasua ) having the highest occupancy estimates; overall, occupancy by mesocarnivores correlated negatively with reserve size. Because mesocarnivores are important drivers of ecosystem function, structure, and dynamics and may occupy unique roles that cannot be filled by larger carnivores, future studies should assess environmental factors influencing the use of these small remnants of Atlantic Forest by each mesocarnivore species. A fragmentacao e a perda de habitat sao as principais ameacas para a biodiversidade da floresta tropical e a Mata Atlântica nao e excecao. Mais de 80% dos remanescentes de Mata Atlântica no Brasil sao < 50 ha e nao tem populacoes residentes de grandes predadores (oncas-pintadas, Panthera onca , e oncas-pardas, Puma concolor ). Uma hipotese atual indica que mesopredadores com caracteristicas oportunistas de historia de vida (ex., jaguatiricas, Leopardus pardalis ) sao os competidores dominantes nestes sistemas, podendo afetar negativamente a distribuicao espacial ou temporal de outros mesocarnivoros simpatricos. Nos utilizamos dados de armadilhas fotograficas, modelos de ocupacao e indices de sobreposicao temporal para explorar se a ocorrencia da jaguatirica influencia o uso do habitat ou o padrao de atividade de 6 mesocarnivoros em reservas da Mata Atlântica brasilEira. Nossos resultados indicam que a ocorrencia da jaguatirica nao influenciou o uso do habitat por estes mesocarnivoros. Alem disso, a capacidade de algumas especies de mesocarnivoros, especialmente o gato-do-mato ( L. guttulus ), de ajustar os seus padroes de atividade para evitar um contato direto com as jaguatiricas pode facilitar a coexistencia destas especies nestes remanescentes de Mata Atlântica. A ocorrencia da jaguatirica nao influenciou o padrao de atividade de 2 especies noturnas (o cachorro-do-mato, Cerdocyon thous , e o mao-pelada, Procyon cancrivorus ), sugerindo que estas especies sao mais tolerantes a jaguatirica que outros mesocarnivoros. A probabilidade de ocupacao variou entre as especies, com a irara ( Eira Barbara ) e o quati sul americano ( Nasua nasua ) apresentando as estimativas mais altas de ocupacao. No geral, a ocupacao do habitat pelos mesocarnivoros correlacionou negativamente com o tamanho da reserva. Visto que os mesocarnivoros sao importantes direcionadores da funcao, da estrutura e das dinâmicas do ecossistema e podem ocupar papeis unicos que nao podem ser preenchidos por carnivoros maiores, estudos futuros devem avaliar os fatores ambientais que estao infuenciando o uso destes pequenos remanescentes de Mata Atlântica por cada especie de mesocarnivoro.
Clarissa Alves Da Rosa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Daily tayra (Eira Barbara, Linnaeus 1758) activity patterns and habitat use in high montane tropical forests
Acta Oecologica, 2020Co-Authors: Karen Cristina Braga Lima, Marcelo Passamani, Clarissa Alves Da RosaAbstract:Abstract Activity patterns and habitat use are important for understanding the natural history of a species and its ecology. Some species of carnivore are abundant, but little studied, such as the tayra (Eira Barbara). In this context, the activity patterns and environmental factors that influence tayra frequency of occurrence in high montane tropical rainforests in the Atlantic Rainforest biome were evaluated. A total of 32 points distributed in the Itatiaia National Park and the Alto Montana Natural Heritage Reserve were investigated for three years, in a gradient ranging from 800 to 2200 m elevation. Tayra frequency of occurrence was evaluated using camera traps and environmental variables were obtained. Photo time data indicate that tayra are predominantly diurnal and their frequency of occurrence is higher at lower elevations and in areas more distant from human habitation. Although this species occurs at all elevation, the tayra may prefer lower elevation habitats, due to the higher productivity of these areas compared to higher elevational environments. The results reported herein contribute to a better knowledge of the species and may aid in planning models and conservation actions for ecological function and tropical biodiversity maintenance.
Joseph M. Kolowski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Throat Patch Variation in Tayra (Eira Barbara) and the Potential for Individual Identification in the Field
Diversity, 2018Co-Authors: Álvaro José Villafañe-trujillo, Carlos Alberto López-gonzález, Joseph M. KolowskiAbstract:The importance of identifying individuals of a population has been extensively documented in several species of carnivores, including some species of mustelids. This information is used in many kinds of ecological studies including density estimation, behavioral ecology and analyses of animal movement patterns. The objective of the present study was to determine if individual variation in the throat patches of Tayra (Eira Barbara) permits individual identification. We examined 275 specimens from museum collections to determine the morphological variation of the throat patch in Eira Barbara specimens collected throughout its distribution. We found differences in the shape and size of the throat patches significant enough to allow discrimination of individuals that display a throat patch (88.0% of 252 complete specimens). The proposed identification criterion was applied to photographic records obtained from a wild population using camera traps in the Peruvian Amazon. From nineteen images (54.0% of all images) in which the throat patch was visible, nine different individuals were identified and two of these were recaptured on multiple occasions.