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Zhiwu Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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monitoring hip and Elbow Dysplasia achieved modest genetic improvement of 74 dog breeds over 40 years in usa
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Yali Hou, Xu Zhang, Qian Zhao, Rory J. Todhunter, Zhiwu Zhang, Yachun WangAbstract:Hip (HD) and Elbow Dysplasia (ED) are two common complex developmental disorders of dogs. In order to decrease their prevalence and severity, the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) has a voluntary registry of canine hip and Elbow conformation certified by boarded radiologists. However, the voluntarily reports have been severely biased against exposing dogs with problems, especially at beginning period. Fluctuated by additional influential factors such as age, the published raw scores barely showed trends of improvement. In this study, we used multiple-trait mixed model to simultaneously adjust these factors and incorporate pedigree to derive Estimated Breeding Values (EBV). A total of 1,264,422 dogs from 74 breeds were evaluated for EBVs from 760,455 hip scores and 135,409 Elbow scores. These EBVs have substantially recovered the reporting bias and the other influences. Clear and steady trends of genetic improvement were observed over the 40 years since 1970. The total genetic improvements were 16.4% and 1.1% of the phenotypic standard deviation for HD and ED, respectively. The incidences of Dysplasia were 0.83% and 2.08%, and the heritabilities were estimated as 0.22 and 0.17 for hip and Elbow scores, respectively. The genetic correlation between them was 0.12. We conclude that EBV is more effective than reporting raw phenotype. The weak genetic correlation suggested that selection based on hip scores would also slightly improve Elbow scores but it is necessary to allocate effort toward improvement of Elbow scores alone.
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Monitoring Hip and Elbow Dysplasia Achieved Modest Genetic
2013Co-Authors: Yali Hou, Xu Zhang, Qian Zhao, Rory J. Todhunter, Zhiwu ZhangAbstract:Hip (HD) and Elbow Dysplasia (ED) are two common complex developmental disorders of dogs. In order to decrease their prevalence and severity, the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) has a voluntary registry of canine hip and Elbow conformation certified by boarded radiologists. However, the voluntarily reports have been severely biased against exposing dogs with problems, especially at beginning period. Fluctuated by additional influential factors such as age, the published raw scores barely showed trends of improvement. In this study, we used multiple-trait mixed model to simultaneously adjust these factors and incorporate pedigree to derive Estimated Breeding Values (EBV). A total of 1,264,422 dogs from 74 breeds were evaluated for EBVs from 760,455 hip scores and 135,409 Elbow scores. These EBVs have substantially recovered the reporting bias and the other influences. Clear and steady trends of genetic improvement were observed over the 40 years since 1970. The total genetic improvements were 16.4 % and 1.1 % of the phenotypic standard deviation for HD and ED, respectively. The incidences of Dysplasia were 0.83 % and 2.08%, and the heritabilities were estimated as 0.22 and 0.17 for hip and Elbow scores, respectively. The genetic correlation between them was 0.12. We conclude that EBV is more effective than reporting raw phenotype. The weak genetic correlation suggested that selection based on hip scores would also slightly improve Elbow scores but it is necessary to allocate effort toward improvement o
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The annual genetic improvement in each breed over 40 years.
2013Co-Authors: Yali Hou, Xu Zhang, Qian Zhao, Rory J. Todhunter, Yachun Wang, Zhiwu ZhangAbstract:The annual genetic improvement is represented by the average increments of estimated breeding value (EBV) per year and its standard errors. The blue bar indicates the genetic change for hip Dysplasia on the vertical axis on the left, the red bar indicates the genetic change for Elbow Dysplasia on the vertical axis on the right. A breed was required to have a minimum of 10 dogs recorded as “degenerative joint disease I or II, or III” to be included in the analysis, which led to only 21 breeds remaining for Elbow scores evaluation. All the 74 breeds satisfied the requirement on hip scores.
Monostori Éva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization and therapeutic application of canine adipose mesenchymal stem cells to treat Elbow osteoarthritis
Canadian Veterinary Medical Association, 2017Co-Authors: Kriston-pál Éva, Czibula Agnes, Gyuris Zoltán, Balka Gyula, Seregi Antal, Haracska Lajos, Monostori ÉvaAbstract:Visceral adipose tissue (AT) obtained from surgical waste during routine ovariectomies was used as a source for isolating canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). As determined by cytofluorimetry, passage 2 cells expressed MSC markers CD44 and CD90 and were negative for lineage-specific markers CD34 and CD45. The cells differentiated toward osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic directions. With therapeutic aims, 30 dogs (39 joints) suffering from Elbow Dysplasia (ED) and osteoarthritis (OA) were intra-articularly transplanted with allogeneic MSCs suspended in 0.5% hyaluronic acid (HA). A highly significant improvement was achieved without any medication as demonstrated by the degree of lameness during the follow-up period of 1 y. Control arthroscopy of 1 transplanted dog indicated that the cartilage had regenerated. Histological analysis of the cartilage biopsy confirmed that the regenerated cartilage was of hyaline type. These results demonstrate that transplantation of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) is a novel, noninvasive, and highly effective therapeutic tool in treating canine Elbow Dysplasia. © 2017, Canadian Veterinary Medical Association. All rights reserved
Lavrijsen I.c.m. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genetics of hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia and patellar luxation in purebred dogs
'The Graduate School of the Humanities Utrecht University', 2014Co-Authors: Lavrijsen I.c.m.Abstract:Hereditary developmental orthopaedic diseases pose a serious threat to the quality of life of dogs. The pain as well as the detrimental effect on mobility that can accompany these disorders have a major impact on the dogs as well as their owners. The studies described in this thesis aim to give more insight into the incidence of the most relevant of these diseases, as well as a better understanding of how they develop. This knowledge is crucial in order to devise and maintain effective screening and breeding programs. Between 2002 and 2010 more than 35,000 Dutch purebred dogs were officially screened for hip Dysplasia, Elbow Dysplasia or both. The frequency of hip Dysplasia was 15%, and 9% for Elbow Dysplasia, with substantial differences between breeds. Breeds that were screened most often were the Labrador retriever, Golden Retriever, Bernese Mountain dog and Newfoundland. In these four breeds heritabilities, genetic and residual correlations, and sex predispositions were calculated for these two traits. The breeding progress made using the current selection methods was slight to moderate for hip and Elbow Dysplasia. Multiple primary diseases are included in the term Elbow Dysplasia, with fragmented coronoid process being the most frequent form. The phenotypic and genetic correlations between signs of osteoarthritis in certain locations in the Elbow joint were calculated and the best radiographic indicator for these traits was determined. Between 1990 and 2007, 3834 Dutch Flat-Coated Retrievers were screened for patellar luxation, 24% of which were affected. A clear sex predisposition was observed with 30% of females affected and only 17% of males. The heritability was 0.17 in this population, indicating that environmental effects have a large impact on the development of this disorder. Breeding progress was initially high, with a reduction of incidence form 28% to 18%, but has stagnated in later years. For both hip Dysplasia and patellar luxation, a genome wide association study was performed. For hip Dysplasia 48 affected Labrador Retrievers were compared to 30 healthy ones, which resulted in significant association on chromosome 8, and suggestive association on chromosomes 1, 5, 15, 20, 25 and 32. Exons in these regions were sequenced and identified several candidate genes which might influence the development of hip Dysplasia in this breed. These candidate genes, LAMA2, LRR1 and COL6A3, are involved in differentiation of chondrocytes and extracellular matrix integrity of basement membrane and cartilage. For patellar luxation, 45 affected Flat-Coated Retrievers and 40 healthy ones were compared. Significant association was found on chromosome 7, as well as suggestive association on chromosomes 3, 31 and 36. Exons in these regions were sequenced in 15 cases and a pool of controls. More than 7,000 variations were found, 124 of which were genotyped in a cohort of 95 Flat-Coated Retrievers. Nine SNPs, in eight genes, were associated with patellar luxation
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Prevalence and co-occurrence of hip Dysplasia and Elbow Dysplasia in Dutch pure-bred dogs
2014Co-Authors: Lavrijsen I.c.m., Heuven H.c.m., Meij B.p., Theyse L.f.h., Leegwater P.a.j., Nap R.c., Hazewinkel H.a.w.Abstract:Hip as well as Elbow Dysplasia (HD, ED) are developmental disorders leading to malformation of their respective joints. For a long time both disorders have been scored and targeted for improvement using selective breeding in several Dutch dog populations. In this paper all scores for both HD and ED, given to pure bred dogs in the Netherlands from 2002 to 2010, were analyzed. Heritabilities and correlations between HD and ED were calculated for the 4 most frequently scored breeds. Heritabilities ranged from 0.0 to 0.37 for HD related traits (FCI-score, osteoarthritis, congruity, shape and laxity (Norberg angle); FCI: Federation Cynologique Internationale) and from 0.0 to 0.39 for ED related traits (IEWG score, osteoarthritis, sclerosis and indentation; IEWG: International Elbow Working Group). HD related traits showed high genetic and residual correlations among each other but were only to a minor extent correlated with ED related traits, which also showed high correlations among each other. Genetic correlations were higher than residual correlations. Phenotypic and genetic trends since 2001 for the four most scored breeds were slightly positive but decreasing overtime, indicating that selection over the past decade has not been effective. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V
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Phenotypic and genetic evaluation of Elbow Dysplasia in Dutch Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and Bernese Mountain dogs
2012Co-Authors: Lavrijsen I.c.m., Heuven H.c.m., Voorhout G., Meij B.p., Theyse L.f.h., Leegwater P.a.j., Hazewinkel H.a.w.Abstract:Vet J. 2012 Aug;193(2):486-92. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.01.001. Epub 2012 Feb 14. Phenotypic and genetic evaluation of Elbow Dysplasia in Dutch Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and Bernese Mountain dogs. Lavrijsen IC, Heuven HC, Voorhout G, Meij BP, Theyse LF, Leegwater PA, Hazewinkel HA. Source Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80154, 3508TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. Abstract Canine Elbow Dysplasia encompasses four developmental diseases: ununited anconeal process, osteochondrosis of the medial part of the humeral condyle, fragmented medial coronoid process (FCP), and incongruity of the Elbow joint. Four radiographic views per joint were used to evaluate 2693 Labrador Retrievers (LRs), 1213 Golden Retrievers (GRs), and 974 Bernese Mountain Dogs (BMDs) for the presence of Elbow Dysplasia between 2002 and 2009 in the Netherlands. The views were also graded for signs of osteoarthritis and sclerosis. FCP was diagnosed most frequently in LRs, GRs and BMDs, with an incidence of 6%, 5%, and 15%, and a heritability of 0.17, 0.24, and 0.06, respectively. Heritabilities were estimated using a sire model and all available ancestors. Sclerosis at the base of the medial coronoid process was the radiographic sign most strongly correlated with FCP (r=0.95, 0.92, and 0.95 in LRs, GRs and BMDs, respectively). The sex of the dog was significantly correlated with the presence of osteoarthritis in LRs, but not in GRs and BMDs. Male LRs were 1.7-fold more frequently, but not more severely, affected by osteoarthritis than female dogs. Age at radiographic examination was significantly associated with osteoarthritis in all three breeds. The heritability estimates in Retrievers were high enough to warrant including FCP findings in the breeding policy, but until the biomechanical and genetic background of Elbow Dysplasia are better understood, correct phenotyping with a sensitive technique is essential. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. PMID: 22336139 [PubMed - in process
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Phenotypic and genetic evaluation of Elbow Dysplasia in Dutch Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and Bernese Mountain Dogs
2012Co-Authors: Lavrijsen I.c.m., Heuven H.c.m., Voorhout G., Meij B.p., Theyse L.f.h., Leegwater P.a.j., Hazewinkel H.a.w.Abstract:Canine Elbow Dysplasia encompasses four developmental diseases: ununited anconeal process, osteochondrosis of the medial part of the humeral condyle, fragmented medial coronoid process (FCP), and incongruity of the Elbow joint. Four radiographic views per joint were used to evaluate 2693 Labrador Retrievers (LRs), 1213 Golden Retrievers (GRs), and 974 Bernese Mountain Dogs (BMDs) for the presence of Elbow Dysplasia between 2002 and 2009 in the Netherlands. The views were also graded for signs of osteoarthritis and sclerosis. FCP was diagnosed most frequently in LRs, GRs and BMDs, with an incidence of 6%, 5%, and 15%, and a heritability of 0.17, 0.24, and 0.06, respectively. Heritabilities were estimated using a sire model and all available ancestors. Sclerosis at the base of the medial coronoid process was the radiographic sign most strongly correlated with FCP (r = 0.95, 0.92, and 0.95 in LRs, GRs and BMDs, respectively). The sex of the dog was significantly correlated with the presence of osteoarthritis in LRs, but not in GRs and BMDs. Male LRs were 1.7-fold more frequently, but not more severely, affected by osteoarthritis than female dogs. Age at radiographic examination was significantly associated with osteoarthritis in all three breeds. The heritability estimates in Retrievers were high enough to warrant including FCP findings in the breeding policy, but until the biomechanical and genetic background of Elbow Dysplasia are better understood, correct phenotyping with a sensitive technique is essential
Hazewinkel H.a.w. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prevalence and co-occurrence of hip Dysplasia and Elbow Dysplasia in Dutch pure-bred dogs
2014Co-Authors: Lavrijsen I.c.m., Heuven H.c.m., Meij B.p., Theyse L.f.h., Leegwater P.a.j., Nap R.c., Hazewinkel H.a.w.Abstract:Hip as well as Elbow Dysplasia (HD, ED) are developmental disorders leading to malformation of their respective joints. For a long time both disorders have been scored and targeted for improvement using selective breeding in several Dutch dog populations. In this paper all scores for both HD and ED, given to pure bred dogs in the Netherlands from 2002 to 2010, were analyzed. Heritabilities and correlations between HD and ED were calculated for the 4 most frequently scored breeds. Heritabilities ranged from 0.0 to 0.37 for HD related traits (FCI-score, osteoarthritis, congruity, shape and laxity (Norberg angle); FCI: Federation Cynologique Internationale) and from 0.0 to 0.39 for ED related traits (IEWG score, osteoarthritis, sclerosis and indentation; IEWG: International Elbow Working Group). HD related traits showed high genetic and residual correlations among each other but were only to a minor extent correlated with ED related traits, which also showed high correlations among each other. Genetic correlations were higher than residual correlations. Phenotypic and genetic trends since 2001 for the four most scored breeds were slightly positive but decreasing overtime, indicating that selection over the past decade has not been effective. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V
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Phenotypic and genetic evaluation of Elbow Dysplasia in Dutch Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and Bernese Mountain dogs
2012Co-Authors: Lavrijsen I.c.m., Heuven H.c.m., Voorhout G., Meij B.p., Theyse L.f.h., Leegwater P.a.j., Hazewinkel H.a.w.Abstract:Vet J. 2012 Aug;193(2):486-92. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.01.001. Epub 2012 Feb 14. Phenotypic and genetic evaluation of Elbow Dysplasia in Dutch Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and Bernese Mountain dogs. Lavrijsen IC, Heuven HC, Voorhout G, Meij BP, Theyse LF, Leegwater PA, Hazewinkel HA. Source Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80154, 3508TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. Abstract Canine Elbow Dysplasia encompasses four developmental diseases: ununited anconeal process, osteochondrosis of the medial part of the humeral condyle, fragmented medial coronoid process (FCP), and incongruity of the Elbow joint. Four radiographic views per joint were used to evaluate 2693 Labrador Retrievers (LRs), 1213 Golden Retrievers (GRs), and 974 Bernese Mountain Dogs (BMDs) for the presence of Elbow Dysplasia between 2002 and 2009 in the Netherlands. The views were also graded for signs of osteoarthritis and sclerosis. FCP was diagnosed most frequently in LRs, GRs and BMDs, with an incidence of 6%, 5%, and 15%, and a heritability of 0.17, 0.24, and 0.06, respectively. Heritabilities were estimated using a sire model and all available ancestors. Sclerosis at the base of the medial coronoid process was the radiographic sign most strongly correlated with FCP (r=0.95, 0.92, and 0.95 in LRs, GRs and BMDs, respectively). The sex of the dog was significantly correlated with the presence of osteoarthritis in LRs, but not in GRs and BMDs. Male LRs were 1.7-fold more frequently, but not more severely, affected by osteoarthritis than female dogs. Age at radiographic examination was significantly associated with osteoarthritis in all three breeds. The heritability estimates in Retrievers were high enough to warrant including FCP findings in the breeding policy, but until the biomechanical and genetic background of Elbow Dysplasia are better understood, correct phenotyping with a sensitive technique is essential. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. PMID: 22336139 [PubMed - in process
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Phenotypic and genetic evaluation of Elbow Dysplasia in Dutch Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, and Bernese Mountain Dogs
2012Co-Authors: Lavrijsen I.c.m., Heuven H.c.m., Voorhout G., Meij B.p., Theyse L.f.h., Leegwater P.a.j., Hazewinkel H.a.w.Abstract:Canine Elbow Dysplasia encompasses four developmental diseases: ununited anconeal process, osteochondrosis of the medial part of the humeral condyle, fragmented medial coronoid process (FCP), and incongruity of the Elbow joint. Four radiographic views per joint were used to evaluate 2693 Labrador Retrievers (LRs), 1213 Golden Retrievers (GRs), and 974 Bernese Mountain Dogs (BMDs) for the presence of Elbow Dysplasia between 2002 and 2009 in the Netherlands. The views were also graded for signs of osteoarthritis and sclerosis. FCP was diagnosed most frequently in LRs, GRs and BMDs, with an incidence of 6%, 5%, and 15%, and a heritability of 0.17, 0.24, and 0.06, respectively. Heritabilities were estimated using a sire model and all available ancestors. Sclerosis at the base of the medial coronoid process was the radiographic sign most strongly correlated with FCP (r = 0.95, 0.92, and 0.95 in LRs, GRs and BMDs, respectively). The sex of the dog was significantly correlated with the presence of osteoarthritis in LRs, but not in GRs and BMDs. Male LRs were 1.7-fold more frequently, but not more severely, affected by osteoarthritis than female dogs. Age at radiographic examination was significantly associated with osteoarthritis in all three breeds. The heritability estimates in Retrievers were high enough to warrant including FCP findings in the breeding policy, but until the biomechanical and genetic background of Elbow Dysplasia are better understood, correct phenotyping with a sensitive technique is essential
Neil H Willits - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Neutering in German Shepherd Dogs
2019Co-Authors: Benjamin L. Hart, Abigail P Thigpen, Lynette Hart, Neil H WillitsAbstract:Datasets used to study the effects of neutering (including spaying) in increasing the incidence of joint disorders and cancers in German Shepherd Dogs. Veterinary hospital records from the University of California, Davis were examined over a 14.5-year period for the effects of neutering during the specified age ranges: before 6 mo., and during 6-11 mo., during 1 year and in years 2 through 8. The diseases examined were hip Dysplasia, CCL tear, Elbow Dysplasia, lymphosarcoma, mast cell tumor, hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, mammary cancer, pyometra, urinary incontinence, and degenerative myelopathy.
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Effects of Neutering in Labrador Retrievers and Golden Retrievers
2019Co-Authors: Benjamin L. Hart, Abigail P Thigpen, Lynette Hart, Neil H WillitsAbstract:Datasets used to study the effects of neutering (including spaying) in increasing the incidence of joint disorders and cancers in both Golden and Labrador Retrievers. Veterinary hospital records from the University of California, Davis were examined over a 13-year period for the effects of neutering during the specified age ranges: before 6 mo., and during 6-11 mo., during 1 year and in years 2 through 8. The diseases examined were hip Dysplasia, CCL tear, Elbow Dysplasia, lymphosarcoma, mast cell tumor, hemangiosarcoma, mammary cancer, and pyometra. Body condition scores were recorded at the time of disease diagnosis.
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Labrador Retriever males and females, joint disorders.
2014Co-Authors: Benjamin L. Hart, Abigail P Thigpen, Lynette A. Hart, Neil H WillitsAbstract:For ages 1 through 8 years, for each neuter period, the joint disorders are: hip Dysplasia (HD), cranial cruciate ligament tear or rupture (CCL), and Elbow Dysplasia (ED). Shown are number of cases over number in the pool, with percentages given in parentheses. When bolded the incidence is significantly above that of intact dogs.
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Golden Retriever males and females, joint disorders.
2014Co-Authors: Benjamin L. Hart, Abigail P Thigpen, Lynette A. Hart, Neil H WillitsAbstract:For ages 1 through 8 years, for each neuter period, the joint disorders are: hip Dysplasia (HD), cranial cruciate ligament tear or rupture (CCL), and Elbow Dysplasia (ED). Shown are number of cases over number in the pool, with percentages given in parentheses. When bolded the incidence is significantly above that of intact dogs.