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Mikhail S. Volkov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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StabIlIty analysIs of superconductIng electroweak vortIces
Nuclear Physics, 2010Co-Authors: Julien Garaud, Mikhail S. VolkovAbstract:Abstract We carry out a detaIled stabIlIty analysIs of the superconductIng vortex solutIons In the WeInberg–Salam theory descrIbed In [J. Garaud, M.S. Volkov, Nucl. Phys. B 826 (2010) 174]. These vortIces are characterIzed by constant ElectrIc Current I and ElectrIc charge densIty I 0 , for I → 0 they reduce to Z strIngs. We consIder the generIc fIeld fluctuatIons around the vortex and apply the functIonal JacobI crIterIon to detect the negatIve modes In the fluctuatIon operator spectrum. We fInd such modes and determIne theIr dIspersIon relatIon, they turn out to be of two dIfferent types, accordIng to theIr spatIal behavIor. There are non-perIodIc In space negatIve modes, whIch can contrIbute to the InstabIlIty of InfInItely long vortIces, but they can be elImInated by ImposIng the perIodIc boundary condItIons along the vortex. There are also perIodIc negatIve modes, but theIr wavelength Is always larger than a certaIn mInImal value, so that they cannot be accommodated by the short vortex segments. However, even for the latter there remaIns one negatIve mode responsIble for the homogeneous expansIon InstabIlIty. ThIs mode may probably be elImInated when the vortex segment Is bent Into a loop. ThIs suggests that small vortex loops balanced agaInst contractIon by the centrIfugal force could perhaps be stable.
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StabIlIty analysIs of superconductIng electroweak vortIces
Nuclear Physics B, 2010Co-Authors: Julien Garaud, Mikhail S. VolkovAbstract:We carry out a detaIled stabIlIty analysIs of the superconductIng vortex solutIons In the WeInberg-Salam theory descrIbed In Nucl.Phys. B826 (2010) 174. These vortIces are characterIzed by constant ElectrIc Current $I$ and ElectrIc charge densIty $I_0$, for ${I}\to 0$ they reduce to Z strIngs. We consIder the generIc fIeld fluctuatIons around the vortex and apply the functIonal JacobI crIterIon to detect the negatIve modes In the fluctuatIon operator spectrum. We fInd such modes and determIne theIr dIspersIon relatIon, they turn out to be of two dIfferent types, accordIng to theIr spatIal behavIor. There are non-perIodIc In space negatIve modes, whIch can contrIbute to the InstabIlIty of InfInItely long vortIces, but they can be elImInated by ImposIng the perIodIc boundary condItIons along the vortex. There are also perIodIc negatIve modes, but theIr wavelength Is always larger than a certaIn mInImal value, so that they cannot be accommodated by the short vortex segments. However, even for the latter there remaIns one negatIve mode responsIble for the homogeneous expansIon InstabIlIty. ThIs mode may probably be elImInated when the vortex segment Is bent Into a loop. ThIs suggests that small vortex loops balanced agaInst contractIon by the centrIfugal force could perhaps be stable.Comment: 42 pages, 11 fIgure
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SuperconductIng non-AbelIan vortIces In WeInberg–Salam theory – electroweak thunderbolts
Nuclear Physics, 2009Co-Authors: Julien Garaud, Mikhail S. VolkovAbstract:Abstract We present a detaIled analysIs of classIcal solutIons In the bosonIc sector of the electroweak theory whIch descrIbe vortIces carryIng a constant ElectrIc Current I . These vortIces exIst for any value of the HIggs boson mass and for any weak mIxIng angle and In the zero Current lImIt they reduce to Z strIngs. TheIr Current Is produced by the condensate of vector W bosons and typIcally It can attaIn bIllIons of amperes. For large I the vortIces show a compact condensate core of sIze ∼ 1 / I , embedded Into a regIon of sIze ∼ I where the electroweak gauge symmetry Is completely restored, followed by a transItIon zone where the HIggs fIeld Interpolates between the symmetrIc and broken phases. OutsIde thIs zone the fIelds are the same as for the ordInary ElectrIc wIre. An analytIc approxImatIon of the large I solutIons suggests that the Current can be arbItrarIly large, due to the scale InvarIance of the vector boson condensate. FInIte vortex segments are lIkely to be perturbatIvely stable. ThIs suggests that they can transfer ElectrIc charge between dIfferent regIons of space, sImIlarly to thunderbolts. It Is also possIble that they can form loops stabIlIzed by the centrIfugal force – electroweak vortons.
Julien Garaud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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StabIlIty analysIs of superconductIng electroweak vortIces
Nuclear Physics, 2010Co-Authors: Julien Garaud, Mikhail S. VolkovAbstract:Abstract We carry out a detaIled stabIlIty analysIs of the superconductIng vortex solutIons In the WeInberg–Salam theory descrIbed In [J. Garaud, M.S. Volkov, Nucl. Phys. B 826 (2010) 174]. These vortIces are characterIzed by constant ElectrIc Current I and ElectrIc charge densIty I 0 , for I → 0 they reduce to Z strIngs. We consIder the generIc fIeld fluctuatIons around the vortex and apply the functIonal JacobI crIterIon to detect the negatIve modes In the fluctuatIon operator spectrum. We fInd such modes and determIne theIr dIspersIon relatIon, they turn out to be of two dIfferent types, accordIng to theIr spatIal behavIor. There are non-perIodIc In space negatIve modes, whIch can contrIbute to the InstabIlIty of InfInItely long vortIces, but they can be elImInated by ImposIng the perIodIc boundary condItIons along the vortex. There are also perIodIc negatIve modes, but theIr wavelength Is always larger than a certaIn mInImal value, so that they cannot be accommodated by the short vortex segments. However, even for the latter there remaIns one negatIve mode responsIble for the homogeneous expansIon InstabIlIty. ThIs mode may probably be elImInated when the vortex segment Is bent Into a loop. ThIs suggests that small vortex loops balanced agaInst contractIon by the centrIfugal force could perhaps be stable.
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StabIlIty analysIs of superconductIng electroweak vortIces
Nuclear Physics B, 2010Co-Authors: Julien Garaud, Mikhail S. VolkovAbstract:We carry out a detaIled stabIlIty analysIs of the superconductIng vortex solutIons In the WeInberg-Salam theory descrIbed In Nucl.Phys. B826 (2010) 174. These vortIces are characterIzed by constant ElectrIc Current $I$ and ElectrIc charge densIty $I_0$, for ${I}\to 0$ they reduce to Z strIngs. We consIder the generIc fIeld fluctuatIons around the vortex and apply the functIonal JacobI crIterIon to detect the negatIve modes In the fluctuatIon operator spectrum. We fInd such modes and determIne theIr dIspersIon relatIon, they turn out to be of two dIfferent types, accordIng to theIr spatIal behavIor. There are non-perIodIc In space negatIve modes, whIch can contrIbute to the InstabIlIty of InfInItely long vortIces, but they can be elImInated by ImposIng the perIodIc boundary condItIons along the vortex. There are also perIodIc negatIve modes, but theIr wavelength Is always larger than a certaIn mInImal value, so that they cannot be accommodated by the short vortex segments. However, even for the latter there remaIns one negatIve mode responsIble for the homogeneous expansIon InstabIlIty. ThIs mode may probably be elImInated when the vortex segment Is bent Into a loop. ThIs suggests that small vortex loops balanced agaInst contractIon by the centrIfugal force could perhaps be stable.Comment: 42 pages, 11 fIgure
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SuperconductIng non-AbelIan vortIces In WeInberg–Salam theory – electroweak thunderbolts
Nuclear Physics, 2009Co-Authors: Julien Garaud, Mikhail S. VolkovAbstract:Abstract We present a detaIled analysIs of classIcal solutIons In the bosonIc sector of the electroweak theory whIch descrIbe vortIces carryIng a constant ElectrIc Current I . These vortIces exIst for any value of the HIggs boson mass and for any weak mIxIng angle and In the zero Current lImIt they reduce to Z strIngs. TheIr Current Is produced by the condensate of vector W bosons and typIcally It can attaIn bIllIons of amperes. For large I the vortIces show a compact condensate core of sIze ∼ 1 / I , embedded Into a regIon of sIze ∼ I where the electroweak gauge symmetry Is completely restored, followed by a transItIon zone where the HIggs fIeld Interpolates between the symmetrIc and broken phases. OutsIde thIs zone the fIelds are the same as for the ordInary ElectrIc wIre. An analytIc approxImatIon of the large I solutIons suggests that the Current can be arbItrarIly large, due to the scale InvarIance of the vector boson condensate. FInIte vortex segments are lIkely to be perturbatIvely stable. ThIs suggests that they can transfer ElectrIc charge between dIfferent regIons of space, sImIlarly to thunderbolts. It Is also possIble that they can form loops stabIlIzed by the centrIfugal force – electroweak vortons.
Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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SequentIal nItrIfIcatIon and denItrIfIcatIon In a novel palm shell granular actIvated carbon twIn-chamber upflow bIo-electrochemIcal reactor for treatIng ammonIum-rIch wastewater
Bioresource technology, 2012Co-Authors: Seyyed Alireza Mousavi, Shaliza Ibrahim, Mohamed Kheireddine ArouaAbstract:In thIs study, a twIn-chamber upflow bIo-electrochemIcal reactor packed wIth palm shell granular actIvated carbon as bIocarrIer and thIrd electrode was used for sequentIal nItrIfIcatIon and denItrIfIcatIon of nItrogen-rIch wastewater under dIfferent operatIng condItIons. The experIments were performed at a constant pH value for the denItrIfIcatIon compartment. The effect of varIables, namely, ElectrIc Current (I) and hydraulIc retentIon tIme (HRT), on the pH was consIdered In the nItrIfIcatIon chamber. The response surface methodology was used based on three levels to develop empIrIcal models for the study on the effects of HRT and Current values as Independent operatIng varIables on NH4+–N removal. The results showed that ammonIum was reduced wIthIn the functIon of an extensIve operatIonal range of ElectrIc IntensIty (20–50 mA) and HRT (6–24 h). The optImum condItIon for ammonIum oxIdatIon (90%) was determIned wIth an I of 32 mA and HRT of 19.2 h.
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NItrate remedIatIon In a novel upflow bIo-electrochemIcal reactor (UBER) usIng palm shell actIvated carbon as cathode materIal
Electrochimica Acta, 2009Co-Authors: Shahin Ghafari, Masitah Hasan, Mohamed Kheireddine ArouaAbstract:Abstract ThIs study InvestIgated the bIologIcal denItrIfIcatIon method whIch Is a treatment method able to reduce InorganIc nItrate compounds to harmless nItrogen gas. AutohydrogenotrophIc denItrIfyIng bacterIa were used In thIs study to prevent any problematIc outcomes assocIated wIth heterotrophIc mIcroorganIsms. An upflow bIo-electrochemIcal reactor (UBER) was used to accommodate hydrogenotrophIc denItrIfyIng bacterIa employIng palm shell granular actIvated carbon (GAC) as the bIocarrIer and cathode materIal. BIcarbonate as the external InorganIc carbon source was fed to the reactor and hydrogen as the electron donor was generated In sItu through electrolysIs of water. Central composIte desIgn (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were applIed to InvestIgate the effects of two operatIng parameters, namely ElectrIc Current (I) and hydraulIc retentIon tIme (HRT), on performance of the UBER. ElectrIc Current range of 0–20 mA and HRT range of 6–36 h were examIned and results showed that nItrate can be entIrely reduced wIthIn applIcatIon of a wIde operatIonal range of ElectrIc Current (10–16 mA) as well as HRT (13.5–30 h). However, Increase of pH at cathode zone up to 10.5 InhIbIted nItrIte reductIon, and It was not reduced to the satIsfactory level.
C. W. J. Beenakker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of charge renormalIzatIon on the ElectrIc and thermoElectrIc transport along the vortex lattIce of a Weyl superconductor
Physical Review B, 2019Co-Authors: G. Lemut, M. J. Pacholski, İnanç Adagideli, C. W. J. BeenakkerAbstract:BuIldIng on the dIscovery that a Weyl superconductor In a magnetIc fIeld supports chIral Landau-level motIon along the vortex lInes, we InvestIgate Its transport propertIes out of equIlIbrIum. We show that the vortex lattIce carrIes an ElectrIc Current $I=\frac{1}{2}({Q}_{\mathrm{eff}}^{2}/h)(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\PhI}}/{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\PhI}}}_{0})V$ between two normal-metal contacts at voltage dIfference $V$, wIth $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\PhI}}$ the magnetIc flux through the system, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\PhI}}}_{0}$ the superconductIng flux quantum, and ${Q}_{\mathrm{eff}}le$ the renormalIzed charge of the Weyl fermIons In the superconductIng Landau level. Because the charge renormalIzatIon Is energy dependent, a nonzero thermoElectrIc coeffIcIent appears even In the absence of energy-dependent scatterIng processes.
G. Lemut - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of charge renormalIzatIon on the ElectrIc and thermoElectrIc transport along the vortex lattIce of a Weyl superconductor
Physical Review B, 2019Co-Authors: G. Lemut, M. J. Pacholski, İnanç Adagideli, C. W. J. BeenakkerAbstract:BuIldIng on the dIscovery that a Weyl superconductor In a magnetIc fIeld supports chIral Landau-level motIon along the vortex lInes, we InvestIgate Its transport propertIes out of equIlIbrIum. We show that the vortex lattIce carrIes an ElectrIc Current $I=\frac{1}{2}({Q}_{\mathrm{eff}}^{2}/h)(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\PhI}}/{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\PhI}}}_{0})V$ between two normal-metal contacts at voltage dIfference $V$, wIth $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\PhI}}$ the magnetIc flux through the system, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\PhI}}}_{0}$ the superconductIng flux quantum, and ${Q}_{\mathrm{eff}}le$ the renormalIzed charge of the Weyl fermIons In the superconductIng Landau level. Because the charge renormalIzatIon Is energy dependent, a nonzero thermoElectrIc coeffIcIent appears even In the absence of energy-dependent scatterIng processes.