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Skye Mcdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hyposmia, not Emotion Perception, is associated with psychosocial outcome after severe traumatic brain injury.
Neuropsychology, 2016Co-Authors: Katherine Osborne-crowley, Skye McdonaldAbstract:OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to determine whether 2 variables associated with orbitofrontal damage, hyposmia and Emotion Perception deficits, are associated with socially disinhibited behavior and psychosocial outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: The Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT), an Emotion labeling task, an Emotion intensity rating task, and an observational measure of social disinhibition were completed by 23 individuals with severe TBI. The disinhibition domain of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory and the interpersonal relationships subscale of the Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale (SPRS-IR) were completed by a close other. Fifteen control participants provided norms against which to assess performance on the Emotion intensity rating task. RESULTS: BSIT scores predicted informant-reported change in interpersonal relationships on the SPRS-IR. Hyposmia, though, was not associated with informant-reported or observed social disinhibition. An impairment in accuracy scores on both Emotion Perceptions tasks was found for participants with TBI, yet intensity ratings did not differ between groups. This suggests that people with TBI are not actually impaired at detecting intensity of Emotion but are less likely to perceive the target Emotion as the dominant Emotion. Emotion Perception was not related to disinhibition or change in interpersonal relationships. CONCLUSIONS: These results support previous claims that hyposmia has prognostic significance following TBI. On the other hand, Emotion Perception impairment measured by standardized tasks does not appear to be an important factor in interpersonal outcomes. Finally, these results suggest that standardized Emotion Perception tasks may underestimate the Emotion Perception capabilities of people with TBI. (PsycINFO Database Record(c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved). Language: en
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Emotion Perception and Alexithymia in people with severe traumatic brain injury: One disorder or two?: A preliminary investigation
Brain Impairment, 2011Co-Authors: Skye Mcdonald, Julie D. Henry, Julia Rosenfeld, Leanne Togher, Robyn L. Tate, Cristina BornhofenAbstract:Primary objective: Recent research studies attest to the presence of deficits in Emotion Perception following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Additionally, a growing number of studies report significant levels of alexithymia (disorder of Emotional cognition) following TBI. This research aimed to examine the relation between the two, while assessing the influence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Design: Cross-sectional study examining levels of alexithymia, Emotion Perception disorders and PTSD and their association, in 20 people with severe, chronic TBI and 20 adults without brain injuries. Methods: Participants were assessed on the Toronto Alexithymia - 20 Scale, the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale and on two Emotion Perception tasks: matching and labelling of photos depicting the 6 basic Emotions. Results: The group with TBI were impaired relative to controls when matching facial expressions. Their performance on 'fear' was especially poor. Performance on labelling was similar in pattern, although failed to reach significance. There was no association between poor performance on fear, or other negative expressions, and either PTSD or alexithymia symptoms in the TBI group. Conclusions: Alexithymia, as assessed by the TAS-20, taps a constellation of difficulties that do not appear to include difficulties with Emotion Perception in people with traumatic brain injuries.
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Emotion Perception deficits following traumatic brain injury: a review of the evidence and rationale for intervention.
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 2008Co-Authors: Cristina Bornhofen, Skye McdonaldAbstract:While the cognitive disturbances that frequently follow severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are relatively well understood, the ways in which these affect the psychosocial functioning of people with TBI are yet to be determined and have thus received little attention in treatment research. Growing evidence indicates that a significant proportion of individuals with TBI demonstrate an inability to recognize affective information from the face, voice, bodily movement, and posture. Because accurate interpretation of Emotion in others is critical for the successful negotiation of social interactions, effective treatments are necessary. Until recently, however, there have been no rehabilitation efforts in this area. The present review examines the literature on Emotion Perception deficits in TBI and presents a theoretical rationale for targeted intervention. Several lines of research relevant to the remediation of Emotion Perception in people with TBI are considered. These include work on Emotion Perception remediation with other cognitively impaired populations, current neuropsychological models of Emotion Perception and underlying neural systems, and recent conceptualizations of remediation processes. The article concludes with a discussion of the importance of carrying out efforts to improve Emotion Perception within a contextualized framework in which the day-to-day relevance of training is clear to all recipients.
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Treating deficits in Emotion Perception following traumatic brain injury.
Neuropsychological rehabilitation, 2008Co-Authors: Cristina Bornhofen, Skye McdonaldAbstract:The present research aimed to investigate whether social Perception deficits commonly experienced in the adult traumatic brain injury (TBI) population can be successfully remediated through cognitive rehabilitation. Twelve outpatient volunteers (11 male, 1 female; age range 20-57 years) with severe, chronic TBI (mean length of post-traumatic amnesia 121 days, range 58-210 days; mean months post- injury 93.58, range 17-207 months) participated in a randomised controlled trial. Participants were randomly allocated to treatment and waitlist control groups following assessment on a range of Emotion Perception and psychosocial measures. Treatment comprised 25 hours, across 8 weeks, of a programme specifically designed to address Emotion Perception which incorporated a variety of remediation techniques shown to be effective with the TBI population. Results indicated that participants significantly improved both in judging basic Emotional stimuli when presented in a naturalistic format (i.e., video vignettes) and in making social inferences on the basis of speaker demeanour. This is the first known treatment study dealing with Emotion Perception deficits in individuals with TBI.
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Comparing strategies for treating Emotion Perception deficits in traumatic brain injury.
The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation, 2008Co-Authors: Cristina Bornhofen, Skye McdonaldAbstract:Objective To compare the efficacy of 2 strategies, errorless learning (EL) and self-instruction training (SIT), for remediating Emotion Perception deficits in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design Randomized controlled trial comparing groups receiving 25 hours (across 10 weeks) of treatment with either EL or SIT with waitlist control. Setting and Participants Eighteen adult outpatient volunteers with severe TBI who were at least 6 months postinjury. Main Outcomes Measures Photograph-based Emotion recognition tasks, The Awareness of Social Inferences Test, and questionnaire measures, for example, the Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale. Results Both treatment groups showed modest improvement in Emotion Perception ability. Limited evidence suggests that SIT may be a favorable approach for this type of remediation. Conclusions Although further research is needed, there are reasons for optimism regarding rehabilitation of Emotion Perception following TBI.
Cristina Bornhofen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Emotion Perception and Alexithymia in people with severe traumatic brain injury: One disorder or two?: A preliminary investigation
Brain Impairment, 2011Co-Authors: Skye Mcdonald, Julie D. Henry, Julia Rosenfeld, Leanne Togher, Robyn L. Tate, Cristina BornhofenAbstract:Primary objective: Recent research studies attest to the presence of deficits in Emotion Perception following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Additionally, a growing number of studies report significant levels of alexithymia (disorder of Emotional cognition) following TBI. This research aimed to examine the relation between the two, while assessing the influence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Design: Cross-sectional study examining levels of alexithymia, Emotion Perception disorders and PTSD and their association, in 20 people with severe, chronic TBI and 20 adults without brain injuries. Methods: Participants were assessed on the Toronto Alexithymia - 20 Scale, the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale and on two Emotion Perception tasks: matching and labelling of photos depicting the 6 basic Emotions. Results: The group with TBI were impaired relative to controls when matching facial expressions. Their performance on 'fear' was especially poor. Performance on labelling was similar in pattern, although failed to reach significance. There was no association between poor performance on fear, or other negative expressions, and either PTSD or alexithymia symptoms in the TBI group. Conclusions: Alexithymia, as assessed by the TAS-20, taps a constellation of difficulties that do not appear to include difficulties with Emotion Perception in people with traumatic brain injuries.
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Emotion Perception deficits following traumatic brain injury: a review of the evidence and rationale for intervention.
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 2008Co-Authors: Cristina Bornhofen, Skye McdonaldAbstract:While the cognitive disturbances that frequently follow severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are relatively well understood, the ways in which these affect the psychosocial functioning of people with TBI are yet to be determined and have thus received little attention in treatment research. Growing evidence indicates that a significant proportion of individuals with TBI demonstrate an inability to recognize affective information from the face, voice, bodily movement, and posture. Because accurate interpretation of Emotion in others is critical for the successful negotiation of social interactions, effective treatments are necessary. Until recently, however, there have been no rehabilitation efforts in this area. The present review examines the literature on Emotion Perception deficits in TBI and presents a theoretical rationale for targeted intervention. Several lines of research relevant to the remediation of Emotion Perception in people with TBI are considered. These include work on Emotion Perception remediation with other cognitively impaired populations, current neuropsychological models of Emotion Perception and underlying neural systems, and recent conceptualizations of remediation processes. The article concludes with a discussion of the importance of carrying out efforts to improve Emotion Perception within a contextualized framework in which the day-to-day relevance of training is clear to all recipients.
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Treating deficits in Emotion Perception following traumatic brain injury.
Neuropsychological rehabilitation, 2008Co-Authors: Cristina Bornhofen, Skye McdonaldAbstract:The present research aimed to investigate whether social Perception deficits commonly experienced in the adult traumatic brain injury (TBI) population can be successfully remediated through cognitive rehabilitation. Twelve outpatient volunteers (11 male, 1 female; age range 20-57 years) with severe, chronic TBI (mean length of post-traumatic amnesia 121 days, range 58-210 days; mean months post- injury 93.58, range 17-207 months) participated in a randomised controlled trial. Participants were randomly allocated to treatment and waitlist control groups following assessment on a range of Emotion Perception and psychosocial measures. Treatment comprised 25 hours, across 8 weeks, of a programme specifically designed to address Emotion Perception which incorporated a variety of remediation techniques shown to be effective with the TBI population. Results indicated that participants significantly improved both in judging basic Emotional stimuli when presented in a naturalistic format (i.e., video vignettes) and in making social inferences on the basis of speaker demeanour. This is the first known treatment study dealing with Emotion Perception deficits in individuals with TBI.
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Comparing strategies for treating Emotion Perception deficits in traumatic brain injury.
The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation, 2008Co-Authors: Cristina Bornhofen, Skye McdonaldAbstract:Objective To compare the efficacy of 2 strategies, errorless learning (EL) and self-instruction training (SIT), for remediating Emotion Perception deficits in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design Randomized controlled trial comparing groups receiving 25 hours (across 10 weeks) of treatment with either EL or SIT with waitlist control. Setting and Participants Eighteen adult outpatient volunteers with severe TBI who were at least 6 months postinjury. Main Outcomes Measures Photograph-based Emotion recognition tasks, The Awareness of Social Inferences Test, and questionnaire measures, for example, the Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale. Results Both treatment groups showed modest improvement in Emotion Perception ability. Limited evidence suggests that SIT may be a favorable approach for this type of remediation. Conclusions Although further research is needed, there are reasons for optimism regarding rehabilitation of Emotion Perception following TBI.
Bryan J. Mowry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Neural correlates of dynamic Emotion Perception in schizophrenia and the influence of prior expectations.
Schizophrenia research, 2018Co-Authors: Ilvana Dzafic, Andrew K. Martin, Hana Burianová, Bryan J. MowryAbstract:Impaired Emotion Perception is a well-established and stable deficit in schizophrenia; however, there is limited knowledge about the underlying aberrant cognitive and brain processes that result in Emotion Perception deficits. Recent influential work has shown that perceptual deficits in schizophrenia may result from aberrant precision in prior expectations, associated with disrupted activity in frontal regions. In the present study, we investigated the Perception of dynamic, multisensory Emotion, the influence of prior expectations and the underlying aberrant brain processes in schizophrenia. During a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan, participants completed the Dynamic Emotion Perception task, which induces prior expectations with Emotion instruction cues. We delineated neural responses and functional connectivity in whole-brain large-scale networks underlying Emotion Perception. Compared to healthy individuals, schizophrenia patients had lower accuracy specifically for Emotions that were congruent with prior expectations. At the neural level, schizophrenia patients had less engagement of right inferior frontal and parietal regions, as well as right amygdala dysconnectivity during discrimination of Emotions congruent with prior expectations. The results indicate that individuals with schizophrenia may have aberrant prior expectations about Emotional expressions, associated with under-activity in inferior frontoparietal regions and right amygdala dysconnectivity, which results in impaired Perception of Emotion.
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Dynamic Emotion Perception and prior expectancy.
Neuropsychologia, 2016Co-Authors: Ilvana Dzafic, Andrew K. Martin, Julia Hocking, Bryan J. Mowry, Hana BurianováAbstract:Social interactions require the ability to rapidly perceive Emotion from various incoming dynamic, multisensory cues. Prior expectations reduce incoming Emotional information and direct attention to cues that are aligned with what is expected. Studies to date have investigated the prior expectancy effect using static Emotional images, despite the fact that dynamic stimuli would represent greater ecological validity. The objective of the study was to create a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm to examine the influence of prior expectations on naturalistic Emotion Perception. For this purpose, we developed a dynamic Emotion Perception task, which consisted of audio-visual videos that carry Emotional information congruent or incongruent with prior expectations. The results show that Emotional congruency was associated with activity in prefrontal regions, amygdala, and putamen, whereas Emotional incongruency was associated with activity in temporoparietal junction and mid-cingulate gyrus. Supported by the behavioural results, our findings suggest that prior expectations are reinforced after repeated experience and learning, whereas unexpected Emotions may rely on fast change detection processes. The results from the current study are compatible with the notion that the ability to automatically detect unexpected changes in complex dynamic environments allows for adaptive behaviours in potentially advantageous or threatening situations.
Hana Burianová - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Neural correlates of dynamic Emotion Perception in schizophrenia and the influence of prior expectations.
Schizophrenia research, 2018Co-Authors: Ilvana Dzafic, Andrew K. Martin, Hana Burianová, Bryan J. MowryAbstract:Impaired Emotion Perception is a well-established and stable deficit in schizophrenia; however, there is limited knowledge about the underlying aberrant cognitive and brain processes that result in Emotion Perception deficits. Recent influential work has shown that perceptual deficits in schizophrenia may result from aberrant precision in prior expectations, associated with disrupted activity in frontal regions. In the present study, we investigated the Perception of dynamic, multisensory Emotion, the influence of prior expectations and the underlying aberrant brain processes in schizophrenia. During a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan, participants completed the Dynamic Emotion Perception task, which induces prior expectations with Emotion instruction cues. We delineated neural responses and functional connectivity in whole-brain large-scale networks underlying Emotion Perception. Compared to healthy individuals, schizophrenia patients had lower accuracy specifically for Emotions that were congruent with prior expectations. At the neural level, schizophrenia patients had less engagement of right inferior frontal and parietal regions, as well as right amygdala dysconnectivity during discrimination of Emotions congruent with prior expectations. The results indicate that individuals with schizophrenia may have aberrant prior expectations about Emotional expressions, associated with under-activity in inferior frontoparietal regions and right amygdala dysconnectivity, which results in impaired Perception of Emotion.
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Dynamic Emotion Perception and prior expectancy.
Neuropsychologia, 2016Co-Authors: Ilvana Dzafic, Andrew K. Martin, Julia Hocking, Bryan J. Mowry, Hana BurianováAbstract:Social interactions require the ability to rapidly perceive Emotion from various incoming dynamic, multisensory cues. Prior expectations reduce incoming Emotional information and direct attention to cues that are aligned with what is expected. Studies to date have investigated the prior expectancy effect using static Emotional images, despite the fact that dynamic stimuli would represent greater ecological validity. The objective of the study was to create a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm to examine the influence of prior expectations on naturalistic Emotion Perception. For this purpose, we developed a dynamic Emotion Perception task, which consisted of audio-visual videos that carry Emotional information congruent or incongruent with prior expectations. The results show that Emotional congruency was associated with activity in prefrontal regions, amygdala, and putamen, whereas Emotional incongruency was associated with activity in temporoparietal junction and mid-cingulate gyrus. Supported by the behavioural results, our findings suggest that prior expectations are reinforced after repeated experience and learning, whereas unexpected Emotions may rely on fast change detection processes. The results from the current study are compatible with the notion that the ability to automatically detect unexpected changes in complex dynamic environments allows for adaptive behaviours in potentially advantageous or threatening situations.
Ilvana Dzafic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Neural correlates of dynamic Emotion Perception in schizophrenia and the influence of prior expectations.
Schizophrenia research, 2018Co-Authors: Ilvana Dzafic, Andrew K. Martin, Hana Burianová, Bryan J. MowryAbstract:Impaired Emotion Perception is a well-established and stable deficit in schizophrenia; however, there is limited knowledge about the underlying aberrant cognitive and brain processes that result in Emotion Perception deficits. Recent influential work has shown that perceptual deficits in schizophrenia may result from aberrant precision in prior expectations, associated with disrupted activity in frontal regions. In the present study, we investigated the Perception of dynamic, multisensory Emotion, the influence of prior expectations and the underlying aberrant brain processes in schizophrenia. During a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan, participants completed the Dynamic Emotion Perception task, which induces prior expectations with Emotion instruction cues. We delineated neural responses and functional connectivity in whole-brain large-scale networks underlying Emotion Perception. Compared to healthy individuals, schizophrenia patients had lower accuracy specifically for Emotions that were congruent with prior expectations. At the neural level, schizophrenia patients had less engagement of right inferior frontal and parietal regions, as well as right amygdala dysconnectivity during discrimination of Emotions congruent with prior expectations. The results indicate that individuals with schizophrenia may have aberrant prior expectations about Emotional expressions, associated with under-activity in inferior frontoparietal regions and right amygdala dysconnectivity, which results in impaired Perception of Emotion.
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Example Emotion videos used in investigation of Emotion Perception in schizophrenia.
UQ eSpace, 2017Co-Authors: Ilvana DzaficAbstract:Videos used in the Dynamic Emotion Perception task. Two example videos from each Emotion category (angry, happy and neutral).
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Dynamic Emotion Perception and prior expectancy.
Neuropsychologia, 2016Co-Authors: Ilvana Dzafic, Andrew K. Martin, Julia Hocking, Bryan J. Mowry, Hana BurianováAbstract:Social interactions require the ability to rapidly perceive Emotion from various incoming dynamic, multisensory cues. Prior expectations reduce incoming Emotional information and direct attention to cues that are aligned with what is expected. Studies to date have investigated the prior expectancy effect using static Emotional images, despite the fact that dynamic stimuli would represent greater ecological validity. The objective of the study was to create a novel functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm to examine the influence of prior expectations on naturalistic Emotion Perception. For this purpose, we developed a dynamic Emotion Perception task, which consisted of audio-visual videos that carry Emotional information congruent or incongruent with prior expectations. The results show that Emotional congruency was associated with activity in prefrontal regions, amygdala, and putamen, whereas Emotional incongruency was associated with activity in temporoparietal junction and mid-cingulate gyrus. Supported by the behavioural results, our findings suggest that prior expectations are reinforced after repeated experience and learning, whereas unexpected Emotions may rely on fast change detection processes. The results from the current study are compatible with the notion that the ability to automatically detect unexpected changes in complex dynamic environments allows for adaptive behaviours in potentially advantageous or threatening situations.