The Experts below are selected from a list of 100872 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bin Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Energy-water nexus in interregional economic Trade from both consumption and production perspectives
Energy Procedia, 2018Co-Authors: Tao Cao, Saige Wang, Bin ChenAbstract:Abstract Energy and water, serving as a critical part to support the goods and services provision, are highly interwoven in the social, economic and ecological system. To investigate the direct and indirect Energy and water relationship in the complex economic Trade, the Trade-based Energy-water nexus model is built. The regional Energy and water consumption are inventoried for both consumption and production activities. Combining with the interregional monetary flows, the embodied Energy and water flows are quantified. Finally, the pattern and mismatch of embodied Energy and water Trade is revealed. By the analyzing the pattern of the intermediate and final embodied water and Energy Trade, we aim to identify the synergies and Tradeoffs in existing economic Trade pathways. The results showed that Guangdong, Shandong, Zhejiang, Beijing, Liaoning are top 5 net embodied water (EW) importers, while Guangdong, Zhejiang, Beijing, Jiangsu and Shandong are the top 5 net embodied Energy (EE) importers. Jiangsu is a main final EE exporter and intermediate EE importer. Meanwhile, Xinjiang and Heilongjiang are two main intermediate EW exporters. The pattern could provide insights for Energy and water management from the perspective of suppliers and consumers.
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Energy water nexus of international Energy Trade of china
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Cuncun Duan, Bin ChenAbstract:Abstract There is a large amount of water consumption embodied in Energy production. Driven by a growing population and economy, the Energy sector will continue to expand, increasing more pressure on the fresh water demand of countries. This paper analyzes the Energy–water nexus embodied in international Energy Trade via a combination of input–output analysis (IOA) and ecological network analysis (ENA). The Energy–water element nexus is depicted based on a mixed-unit IOA to investigate the parallel relationship between Energy and water. ENA is used to uncover Energy–water pathways intertwined in global Energy Trade and identify the pair-wise relationship between countries according to the Energy–water pathway nexus. Then, a case study of the international Energy–water nexus of China is conducted. The results of Energy–water nexus element analysis show that water use per unit of Energy products in the country is much greater than those of other countries. Moreover, indirect water use during Energy production deserves more attention, which is often neglected in water resource management. The results of Energy–water nexus pathway analysis demonstrate that international Energy Trade has a positive effect on China’s water condition, mitigating serious water shortage problems but increasing dependency on other countries and regions. Mutual relationships among trading countries are described using utility and control analyses. The results show that system integrality is arguably more critical in determining system behavior than direct effects alone. Europe changes from a beneficiary in direct mutual relationships to a contributor in integral utility mutual relationships, whereas Australia has an opposite change. Although China has a dominant position in direct relationships, it becomes an equal competitor with the USA in utility mutual relationships. China depends heavily on most countries, especially those in South and Central America, the Middle East, Africa, and Australia. The network mutualism index (=0.56) and synergism index (=9.187) indicate that the current global Energy Trade network has negative relationships within a competitive environment. Finally, policy and economic suggestions are put forward to alleviate the potential impacts of international Energy Trade on water scarcity in China.
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Energy–water nexus of international Energy Trade of China
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Cuncun Duan, Bin ChenAbstract:Abstract There is a large amount of water consumption embodied in Energy production. Driven by a growing population and economy, the Energy sector will continue to expand, increasing more pressure on the fresh water demand of countries. This paper analyzes the Energy–water nexus embodied in international Energy Trade via a combination of input–output analysis (IOA) and ecological network analysis (ENA). The Energy–water element nexus is depicted based on a mixed-unit IOA to investigate the parallel relationship between Energy and water. ENA is used to uncover Energy–water pathways intertwined in global Energy Trade and identify the pair-wise relationship between countries according to the Energy–water pathway nexus. Then, a case study of the international Energy–water nexus of China is conducted. The results of Energy–water nexus element analysis show that water use per unit of Energy products in the country is much greater than those of other countries. Moreover, indirect water use during Energy production deserves more attention, which is often neglected in water resource management. The results of Energy–water nexus pathway analysis demonstrate that international Energy Trade has a positive effect on China’s water condition, mitigating serious water shortage problems but increasing dependency on other countries and regions. Mutual relationships among trading countries are described using utility and control analyses. The results show that system integrality is arguably more critical in determining system behavior than direct effects alone. Europe changes from a beneficiary in direct mutual relationships to a contributor in integral utility mutual relationships, whereas Australia has an opposite change. Although China has a dominant position in direct relationships, it becomes an equal competitor with the USA in utility mutual relationships. China depends heavily on most countries, especially those in South and Central America, the Middle East, Africa, and Australia. The network mutualism index (=0.56) and synergism index (=9.187) indicate that the current global Energy Trade network has negative relationships within a competitive environment. Finally, policy and economic suggestions are put forward to alleviate the potential impacts of international Energy Trade on water scarcity in China.
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virtual water embodied in international Energy Trade of china
Energy Procedia, 2016Co-Authors: Cuncun Duan, Bin ChenAbstract:Abstract There exists a large amount of water consumption embodied in the global Energy Trade. Global Energy Trades among countries may have influences on global water environment. China plays an indispensable role on global Energy Trade, which thereby has a huge influence on global water scarcity. In this paper, we studied the virtual water flows embodied in the international Energy Trade in China, and investigated the scarcity-weighted virtual water flows, region-based scarcity-weighted virtual water flows based on China's water scarcity. In the past 14 years (2001-2014), China's net virtual water import hidden in Energy Trade has increased from 221.1 million m 3 in 2001 to 1709.0 million m 3 in 2014, implying China is a virtual water importer. China's net scarcity-weighted virtual water import is also increasing. The import of scarcity-weighted virtual water embodied in crude oil from the Middle East has the most profound effect on global water scarcity because the Middle East is in severe water stress. Through regional-based scarcity-weighted virtual water flow in Energy Trade, we can figure out that importing virtual water from Mexico and Russia through crude oil, the impact on global water scarcity will be mitigated. All the results show that importing virtual water embodied in crude oil Trade play the most crucial role in the whole Energy-water nexus.
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Inter-country Energy Trade Analysis Based on Ecological Network Analysis
Energy Procedia, 2016Co-Authors: Saige Wang, Tao Cao, Yating Liu, Bin ChenAbstract:Abstract Energy embodied in the economic activities are making connection between countries more closed under the rapid globalization. The inter-country Energy Trade reallocates the Energy resources and sustains economic development, which is crucial to global Energy supply and security. To investigate the structural features of the inter-country Energy Trade markets, we built the inter-country Energy Trade network covering 40 representatives based on the input–output table and ecological network analysis (ENA). The indicator of control difference is used to explore the relationship between countries within the global Energy supply market. The results show that Canada, Latvia, Malta and Poland are the main exporters, and the Japan, Germany, Korea, Turkey and Mexico are main importers. According to the dependence results, such as Japan has strong dependence on Canada, Korea is highly dependent on the Malta can provide insights for how to improve countries’ security by adjusting the Energy Trade policies.
Alexander Badrisprowitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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trunk pitch oscillations for Energy Trade offs in bipedal running birds and robots
Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, 2020Co-Authors: Ozge Drama, Alexander BadrisprowitzAbstract:Bipedal animals have diverse morphologies and advanced locomotion abilities. Terrestrial birds, in particular, display agile, efficient, and robust running motion, in which they exploit the interplay between the body segment masses and moment of inertias. On the other hand, most legged robots are not able to generate such versatile and Energy-efficient motion and often disregard trunk movements as a means to enhance their locomotion capabilities. Recent research investigated how trunk motions affect the gait characteristics of humans, but there is a lack of analysis across different bipedal morphologies. To address this issue, we analyze avian running based on a spring-loaded inverted pendulum model with a pronograde (horizontal) trunk. We use a virtual point based control scheme and modify the alignment of the ground reaction forces to assess how our control strategy influences the trunk pitch oscillations and energetics of the locomotion. We derive three potential key strategies to leverage trunk pitch motions that minimize either the Energy fluctuations of the center of mass or the work performed by the hip and leg. We suggest how these strategies could be used in legged robotics.
Fahri Seker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The influence of real output, renewable and non-renewable Energy, Trade and financial development on carbon emissions in the top renewable Energy countries
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Eyup Dogan, Fahri SekerAbstract:Due to tremendous increase in the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the last several decades, a number of studies in the Energy-growth-environment literature have attempted to identify the determinants of CO2 emissions. A major criticism related to the existing studies, we realize, is the selection of panel estimation techniques. Almost all studies use panel methods that ignore the issue of cross-sectional dependence even though countries in the panel are most likely heterogeneous and cross-sectionally dependent. In addition, the majority of existing studies use aggregate Energy consumption, and thus fail to identify the impacts of Energy consumption by sources on the environment. In order to fulfill the mentioned gaps in the literature, this empirical study analyzes the influence of the real income, renewable Energy consumption, non-renewable Energy consumption, Trade openness and financial development on CO2 emissions in the EKC model for the top countries listed in the Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index by employing heterogeneous panel estimation techniques with cross-section dependence. We find that the analyzed variables become stationary at their first-differences by using the CADF and the CIPS unit root tests, and the analyzed variables are cointegrated by employing the LM bootstrap cointegration test. By using the FMOLS and the DOLS, we also find that increases in renewable Energy consumption, Trade openness and financial development decrease carbon emissions while increases in non-renewable Energy consumption contribute to the level of emissions, and the EKC hypothesis is supported for the top renewable Energy countries.
Cuncun Duan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Energy water nexus of international Energy Trade of china
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Cuncun Duan, Bin ChenAbstract:Abstract There is a large amount of water consumption embodied in Energy production. Driven by a growing population and economy, the Energy sector will continue to expand, increasing more pressure on the fresh water demand of countries. This paper analyzes the Energy–water nexus embodied in international Energy Trade via a combination of input–output analysis (IOA) and ecological network analysis (ENA). The Energy–water element nexus is depicted based on a mixed-unit IOA to investigate the parallel relationship between Energy and water. ENA is used to uncover Energy–water pathways intertwined in global Energy Trade and identify the pair-wise relationship between countries according to the Energy–water pathway nexus. Then, a case study of the international Energy–water nexus of China is conducted. The results of Energy–water nexus element analysis show that water use per unit of Energy products in the country is much greater than those of other countries. Moreover, indirect water use during Energy production deserves more attention, which is often neglected in water resource management. The results of Energy–water nexus pathway analysis demonstrate that international Energy Trade has a positive effect on China’s water condition, mitigating serious water shortage problems but increasing dependency on other countries and regions. Mutual relationships among trading countries are described using utility and control analyses. The results show that system integrality is arguably more critical in determining system behavior than direct effects alone. Europe changes from a beneficiary in direct mutual relationships to a contributor in integral utility mutual relationships, whereas Australia has an opposite change. Although China has a dominant position in direct relationships, it becomes an equal competitor with the USA in utility mutual relationships. China depends heavily on most countries, especially those in South and Central America, the Middle East, Africa, and Australia. The network mutualism index (=0.56) and synergism index (=9.187) indicate that the current global Energy Trade network has negative relationships within a competitive environment. Finally, policy and economic suggestions are put forward to alleviate the potential impacts of international Energy Trade on water scarcity in China.
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Energy–water nexus of international Energy Trade of China
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Cuncun Duan, Bin ChenAbstract:Abstract There is a large amount of water consumption embodied in Energy production. Driven by a growing population and economy, the Energy sector will continue to expand, increasing more pressure on the fresh water demand of countries. This paper analyzes the Energy–water nexus embodied in international Energy Trade via a combination of input–output analysis (IOA) and ecological network analysis (ENA). The Energy–water element nexus is depicted based on a mixed-unit IOA to investigate the parallel relationship between Energy and water. ENA is used to uncover Energy–water pathways intertwined in global Energy Trade and identify the pair-wise relationship between countries according to the Energy–water pathway nexus. Then, a case study of the international Energy–water nexus of China is conducted. The results of Energy–water nexus element analysis show that water use per unit of Energy products in the country is much greater than those of other countries. Moreover, indirect water use during Energy production deserves more attention, which is often neglected in water resource management. The results of Energy–water nexus pathway analysis demonstrate that international Energy Trade has a positive effect on China’s water condition, mitigating serious water shortage problems but increasing dependency on other countries and regions. Mutual relationships among trading countries are described using utility and control analyses. The results show that system integrality is arguably more critical in determining system behavior than direct effects alone. Europe changes from a beneficiary in direct mutual relationships to a contributor in integral utility mutual relationships, whereas Australia has an opposite change. Although China has a dominant position in direct relationships, it becomes an equal competitor with the USA in utility mutual relationships. China depends heavily on most countries, especially those in South and Central America, the Middle East, Africa, and Australia. The network mutualism index (=0.56) and synergism index (=9.187) indicate that the current global Energy Trade network has negative relationships within a competitive environment. Finally, policy and economic suggestions are put forward to alleviate the potential impacts of international Energy Trade on water scarcity in China.
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virtual water embodied in international Energy Trade of china
Energy Procedia, 2016Co-Authors: Cuncun Duan, Bin ChenAbstract:Abstract There exists a large amount of water consumption embodied in the global Energy Trade. Global Energy Trades among countries may have influences on global water environment. China plays an indispensable role on global Energy Trade, which thereby has a huge influence on global water scarcity. In this paper, we studied the virtual water flows embodied in the international Energy Trade in China, and investigated the scarcity-weighted virtual water flows, region-based scarcity-weighted virtual water flows based on China's water scarcity. In the past 14 years (2001-2014), China's net virtual water import hidden in Energy Trade has increased from 221.1 million m 3 in 2001 to 1709.0 million m 3 in 2014, implying China is a virtual water importer. China's net scarcity-weighted virtual water import is also increasing. The import of scarcity-weighted virtual water embodied in crude oil from the Middle East has the most profound effect on global water scarcity because the Middle East is in severe water stress. Through regional-based scarcity-weighted virtual water flow in Energy Trade, we can figure out that importing virtual water from Mexico and Russia through crude oil, the impact on global water scarcity will be mitigated. All the results show that importing virtual water embodied in crude oil Trade play the most crucial role in the whole Energy-water nexus.
Anwar A. Gasim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The embodied Energy in Trade: What role does specialization play?
Energy Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Anwar A. GasimAbstract:Many industrialized countries are net importers of embodied Energy and emissions, while many developing countries are net exporters. We examine the role of specialization in driving these Trade patterns by conducting a spatial index decomposition analysis on the embodied Energy in net exports for 41 economies. The results reveal that industrialized countries have generally offshored Energy intensive production, which many developing countries specialize in. We find that specialization, on average, makes the biggest contribution, accounting for roughly 50% of a country's embodied Energy in net exports. However, other factors, namely Energy intensity and the Trade balance, combine to make an equally important contribution. In summary, specialization, despite its significant role, is not the only cause of the embodied Energy Trade patterns observed between industrialized and developing countries.