The Experts below are selected from a list of 174 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Arthur Lewbel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • nonparametric errors in variables models with measurement errors on both sides of the equation
    Journal of Econometrics, 2016
    Co-Authors: Michele De Nadai, Arthur Lewbel
    Abstract:

    Abstract Measurement errors are often correlated, as in surveys where respondent’s biases or tendencies to err affect multiple reported variables. We extend Schennach (2007) to identify moments of the conditional distribution of a true Y given a true X when both are measured with error, the measurement errors in Y and X are correlated, and the true unknown model of Y given X has nonseparable model errors. After showing nonparametric identification, we provide a sieve generalized method of moments based estimator of the model, and apply it to nonparametric Engel Curve estimation. In our application measurement errors on the expenditures of a good Y are by construction correlated with measurement errors in total expenditures X. This problem, which is present in many consumption data sets, has been ignored in most demand applications. We find that accounting for this problem casts doubt on Hildenbrand’s (1994) “increasing dispersion” assumption.

  • nonparametric errors in variables models with measurement errors on both sides of the equation
    2013
    Co-Authors: Michele De Nadai, Arthur Lewbel
    Abstract:

    Measurement errors are often correlated, as in surveys where respondents' biases or tendencies to err affect multiple reported variables. We extend Schennach (2007) to identify moments of the conditional distribution of a true Y given a true X when both are measured with error, the measurement errors in Y and X are correlated, and the true unknown model of Y given X has nonseparable model errors. We also provide a nonparametric sieve estimator of the model, and apply it to nonparametric Engel Curve estimation. In our application measurement errors on the expenditures of a good Y are by construction correlated with measurement errors in total expenditures X. This feature of most consumption data sets has been ignored in almost all previous demand applications. We find accounting for this feature casts doubt on Hildenbrand's (1994) "increasing dispersion" assumption.

  • an exactly aggregable trigonometric Engel Curve demand system
    Econometric Reviews, 1998
    Co-Authors: Arthur Lewbel
    Abstract:

    Gorman's (1981) characterization of Engel Curves includes the possibility of demand systems that are, linear in trigonometric functions of income, but the actual existence of such systems has been questioned. This paper shows that such systems exist, and can have large regular regions.

  • the rank of demand systems theory and nonparametric estimation
    Econometrica, 1991
    Co-Authors: Arthur Lewbel
    Abstract:

    W. M. Gorman's (1981) concept of Engel Curve "rank" is extended to apply to any demand system. Rank is shown to have implications for specification, separability, and aggregation of demands. A simple nonparametric test of rank using Engel Curve data is described and applied to U.S. and U.K. consumer survey data. The test employs a new general method for testing the rank of estimated matrices. The results are used to assess theoretical and empirical aggregation error in representative consumer models, and to explain a representative consumer paradox. Copyright 1991 by The Econometric Society.

Joel L Horowitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • applied nonparametric instrumental variables estimation
    Econometrica, 2011
    Co-Authors: Joel L Horowitz
    Abstract:

    Instrumental variables are widely used in applied econometrics to achieve identification and carry out estimation and inference in models that contain endogenous explanatory variables. In most applications, the function of interest (e.g., an Engel Curve or demand function) is assumed to be known up to finitely many parameters (e.g., a linear model), and instrumental variables are used identify and estimate these parameters. However, linear and other finite-dimensional parametric models make strong assumptions about the population being modeled that are rarely if ever justified by economic theory or other a priori reasoning and can lead to seriously erroneous conclusions if they are incorrect. This paper explores what can be learned when the function of interest is identified through an instrumental variable but is not assumed to be known up to finitely many parameters. The paper explains the differences between parametric and nonparametric estimators that are important for applied research, describes an easily implemented nonparametric instrumental variables estimator, and presents empirical examples in which nonparametric methods lead to substantive conclusions that are quite different from those obtained using standard, parametric estimators.

Marios Karabarbounis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • labor market wedge under Engel Curve utility cyclical substitution between necessities and luxuries
    Economic Quarterly, 2018
    Co-Authors: Yongsung Chang, Andreas Hornstein, Marios Karabarbounis
    Abstract:

    In booms, households substitute luxuries for necessities, e.g., food away from home for food at home. This cyclical pattern of composition changes in the consumption basket has the potential to reduce the volatility of measures of the labor-market wedge, the gap between the marginal rate of substitution and the real wage. Based on household expenditure patterns from the Consumer Expenditure Survey, we show that this composition bias has only a limited impact on the measured labor-market wedge, accounting for 6 percent to 16 percent of its cyclical volatility.

  • labor market wedge under Engel Curve utility cyclical substitution between necessities and luxuries
    Research Papers in Economics, 2018
    Co-Authors: Youngsung Chang, Andreas Hornstein, Marios Karabarbounis
    Abstract:

    In booms, households substitute luxuries for necessities, e.g., food away from home for food at home. Ignoring this cyclical pattern of composition changes in the consumption basket makes the labor-market wedge- a measure of inefficiency that reflects the gap between the marginal rate of substitution and the real wage- appear to be more volatile than it actually is. Based on the household expenditure pattern across 10 consumption categories in the Consumer Expenditure Survey, we show that taking into account these composition changes can explain 6-15% of the cyclicality in the measured labor-market wedge.

Mathewos Nega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Poverty, Food Security and Women Employment in Urban Ethiopia (A Case Study in Sodo town)
    Journal of Poverty Investment and Development, 2020
    Co-Authors: Mathewos Nega
    Abstract:

    Ethiopia is one of the world’s poorest countries in the world. The country suffers spells of drought, which resulting famines and such conditions have a strong influence on the living standards of the whole population, particularly in the north and the dry southeast part of the country. Data from a survey of 100 inhabitants of Sodo town were used to examine the extent and determinants of poverty in the town, and the systematic relationship between women’s income and household expenditure pattern. Both descriptive and econometrics analysis were used. Logit Model the study was used to analyze and identify the determinants of poverty in the town. The econometric variables educational level, occupation and age of the household head and family size were found to be the significant parameters in determining the probability of being under poverty. On the top of that, by applying a simple microeconomics concept, Engel Curve, the study attempted to analyze the effect of percentage share of female’s income in a household on the expenditure pattern of the household on different food items. The result attested that percentage share of female’s income in a family has a positive and significant effect on vegetables and fruits, and spices expenditures.  Educational status of the head was appeared a significant factor in determining the probability of being poor. Meaning, those households whose head has attended more schooling is less likely to be in absolute poverty. Age of the household head also has a negative and significant effect on the probability of being poor. This is to mean that as age of the hhh increases the probability of being under poverty go down. As it was evident from the head count poverty index, nearly half of the surveyed households were under poverty i.e. they were unable to meet the minimum expenditure on food items for survival. From this result, therefore, the study suggests that urban poverty should be get due emphasis from the concerned body. Creating a good employment opportunities for women has a paramount of significance not only in the alleviation of poverty and achievement of food security but also for realization of nutrition security. Since most of the households which are headed by old age persons are under absolute poverty, there should be a good social security system as far as what is possible. Keywords: Poverty, Food Security, Women Employment DOI: 10.7176/JPID/52-02 Publication date: January 31st 202

  • Poverty, Food Security and Women Employment in Urban Ethiopia (A Case Study in Sodo Town)
    Journal of Culture Society and Development, 2019
    Co-Authors: Mathewos Nega
    Abstract:

    Ethiopia is one of the world’s poorest countries in the world. The country suffers spells of drought, which resulting famines and such conditions have a strong influence on the living standards of the whole population, particularly in the north and the dry southeast part of the country. Data from a survey of 100 inhabitants of Sodo town were used to examine the extent and determinants of poverty in the town, and the systematic relationship between women’s income and household expenditure pattern. Both descriptive and econometrics analysis were used. Logit Model the study was used to analyze and identify the determinants of poverty in the town. The econometric variables educational level, occupation and age of the household head and family size were found to be the significant parameters in determining the probability of being under poverty. On the top of that, by applying a simple microeconomics concept, Engel Curve, the study attempted to analyze the effect of percentage share of female’s income in a household on the expenditure pattern of the household on different food items. The result attested that percentage share of female’s income in a family has a positive and significant effect on vegetables and fruits, and spices expenditures.  Educational status of the head was appeared a significant factor in determining the probability of being poor. Meaning, those households whose head has attended more schooling is less likely to be in absolute poverty. Age of the household head also has a negative and significant effect on the probability of being poor. This is to mean that as age of the hhh increases the probability of being under poverty go down. As it was evident from the head count poverty index, nearly half of the surveyed households were under poverty i.e. they were unable to meet the minimum expenditure on food items for survival. From this result, therefore, the study suggests that urban poverty should be get due emphasis from the concerned body. Creating a good employment opportunities for women has a paramount of significance not only in the alleviation of poverty and achievement of food security but also for realization of nutrition security. Since most of the households which are headed by old age persons are under absolute poverty, there should be a good social security system as far as what is possible. DOI: 10.7176/JCSD/52-01 Publication date:October 31st 201

Kaushik Bhattacharjee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • estimating consumer price indices through Engel Curve and linear expenditure system an exploratory note
    Social Science Research Network, 2017
    Co-Authors: Kaushik Bhattacharjee
    Abstract:

    This paper proposes a method of estimating spatial bilateral price index numbers from cross-section consumer expenditure data on different items using Engel Curve analysis. A simple technique is developed by which it is possible to find a method for estimating a set of consumer price index numbers for a group of consumer expenditure items (both goods and services) for which only expenditure data are available. The main assumption of this technique is that the Linear Expenditure System (LES) is the correct and actual description of the complete demand system of the particular population of which we are interested to find the price index. The usefulness of the procedure is that it overcomes the problem of data inadequacy, a problem that is still prevalent in various databases, especially in the developing countries and it is easy to implement. To illustrate the method, ICRISAT VDSA database (which is in the public domain) of consumer expenditure is used and the spatial consumer price index number for non-food group for four villages of Andhra Pradesh is calculated for four years with one particular village taken as the base. The main limitation of the method is that violation of LES assumption can lead to inconsistent results.