The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Matthew J Kotchen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Environmental Benefit cost analysis a comparative analysis between the united states and the united kingdom
Annual Review of Resource Economics, 2021Co-Authors: Joseph E Aldy, Giles Atkinson, Matthew J KotchenAbstract:The United States and United Kingdom have long-standing traditions in the use of Environmental Benefit-cost analysis (E-BCA). While there are similarities between how E-BCA is utilized, there are significant differences too, many of which mirror ongoing debates and recent developments in the literature on Environmental and natural resource economics. We review the use of E-BCA in both countries across three themes: ( a) the role of long-term discounting, ( b) the estimation and use of carbon valuation, and ( c) the estimation and use of the value of a statistical life. In each case, we discuss how academic developments are (and are not) translated into practical use and draw comparative lessons. We find that, in some cases, practical differences in E-BCA can be overstated, although in others these seem more substantive. Advances in the academic frontier also raise the question of when and how to update practical E-BCA, with very different answers across our themes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Resource Economics, Volume 13 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Environmental Benefit cost analysis a comparative analysis between the united states and the united kingdom
Annual Review of Resource Economics, 2021Co-Authors: Joseph E Aldy, Giles Atkinson, Matthew J KotchenAbstract:The United States and United Kingdom have long-standing traditions in the use of Environmental Benefit-cost analysis (E-BCA). While there are similarities between how EBCA is utilized, there are significant differences too, many of which mirror ongoing debates and recent developments in the literature on Environmental and natural resource economics. We review the use of E-BCA in both countries across three themes: (a) the role of long-term discounting, (b) the estimation and use of carbon valuation, and (c) the estimation and use of the value of a statistical life. In each case, we discuss how academic developments are (and are not) translated into practical use and draw comparative lessons. We find that, in some cases, practical differences in E-BCA can be overstated, although in others these seem more substantive. Advances in the academic frontier also raise the question of when and how to update practical E-BCA, with very different answers across our themes.
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Environmental Benefit cost analysis a comparative analysis between the united states and the united kingdom
Social Science Research Network, 2021Co-Authors: Joseph E Aldy, Giles Atkinson, Matthew J KotchenAbstract:The United States and United Kingdom have longstanding traditions in use of Environmental Benefit-cost analysis (E-BCA). While there are similarities between how E-BCA is utilized, there are significant differences too, many of which mirror ongoing debates and recent developments in the literature on Environmental and natural resource economics. We review the use of E-BCA in both countries across three themes: (a) the role of long-term discounting; (b) the estimation and use of carbon valuation; and, (c) the estimation and use of the value of a statistical life. In each case, we discuss how academic developments are (and are not) translated into use and draw comparative lessons. We find that, in some cases, practical differences in E-BCA can be overstated, although in others these seem more substantive. Advances in the academic frontier also raise the question of when and how to update practical E-BCA, with very different answers across our themes.
Nele De Belie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Quantification of the service life extension and Environmental Benefit of Chloride Exposed Self-Healing Concrete
Materials, 2017Co-Authors: Bjorn Van Belleghem, Kim Van Tittelboom, Philip Van Den Heede, Nele De BelieAbstract:Formation of cracks impairs the durability of concrete elements. Corrosion inducing substances, such as chlorides, can enter the matrix through these cracks and cause steel reinforcement corrosion and concrete degradation. Self-repair of concrete cracks is an innovative technique which has been studied extensively during the past decade and which may help to increase the sustainability of concrete. However, the experiments conducted until now did not allow for an assessment of the service life extension possible with self-healing concrete in comparison with traditional (cracked) concrete. In this research, a service life prediction of self-healing concrete was done based on input from chloride diffusion tests. Self-healing of cracks with encapsulated polyurethane precursor formed a partial barrier against immediate ingress of chlorides through the cracks. Application of self-healing concrete was able to reduce the chloride concentration in a cracked zone by 75% or more. As a result, service life of steel reinforced self-healing concrete slabs in marine environments could amount to 60–94 years as opposed to only seven years for ordinary (cracked) concrete. Subsequent life cycle assessment calculations indicated important Environmental Benefits (56%–75%) for the ten CML-IA (Center of Environmental Science of Leiden University–Impact Assessment) baseline impact indicators which are mainly induced by the achievable service life extension.
Joseph E Aldy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Environmental Benefit cost analysis a comparative analysis between the united states and the united kingdom
Annual Review of Resource Economics, 2021Co-Authors: Joseph E Aldy, Giles Atkinson, Matthew J KotchenAbstract:The United States and United Kingdom have long-standing traditions in the use of Environmental Benefit-cost analysis (E-BCA). While there are similarities between how E-BCA is utilized, there are significant differences too, many of which mirror ongoing debates and recent developments in the literature on Environmental and natural resource economics. We review the use of E-BCA in both countries across three themes: ( a) the role of long-term discounting, ( b) the estimation and use of carbon valuation, and ( c) the estimation and use of the value of a statistical life. In each case, we discuss how academic developments are (and are not) translated into practical use and draw comparative lessons. We find that, in some cases, practical differences in E-BCA can be overstated, although in others these seem more substantive. Advances in the academic frontier also raise the question of when and how to update practical E-BCA, with very different answers across our themes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Resource Economics, Volume 13 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Environmental Benefit cost analysis a comparative analysis between the united states and the united kingdom
Annual Review of Resource Economics, 2021Co-Authors: Joseph E Aldy, Giles Atkinson, Matthew J KotchenAbstract:The United States and United Kingdom have long-standing traditions in the use of Environmental Benefit-cost analysis (E-BCA). While there are similarities between how EBCA is utilized, there are significant differences too, many of which mirror ongoing debates and recent developments in the literature on Environmental and natural resource economics. We review the use of E-BCA in both countries across three themes: (a) the role of long-term discounting, (b) the estimation and use of carbon valuation, and (c) the estimation and use of the value of a statistical life. In each case, we discuss how academic developments are (and are not) translated into practical use and draw comparative lessons. We find that, in some cases, practical differences in E-BCA can be overstated, although in others these seem more substantive. Advances in the academic frontier also raise the question of when and how to update practical E-BCA, with very different answers across our themes.
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Environmental Benefit cost analysis a comparative analysis between the united states and the united kingdom
Social Science Research Network, 2021Co-Authors: Joseph E Aldy, Giles Atkinson, Matthew J KotchenAbstract:The United States and United Kingdom have longstanding traditions in use of Environmental Benefit-cost analysis (E-BCA). While there are similarities between how E-BCA is utilized, there are significant differences too, many of which mirror ongoing debates and recent developments in the literature on Environmental and natural resource economics. We review the use of E-BCA in both countries across three themes: (a) the role of long-term discounting; (b) the estimation and use of carbon valuation; and, (c) the estimation and use of the value of a statistical life. In each case, we discuss how academic developments are (and are not) translated into use and draw comparative lessons. We find that, in some cases, practical differences in E-BCA can be overstated, although in others these seem more substantive. Advances in the academic frontier also raise the question of when and how to update practical E-BCA, with very different answers across our themes.
Mabel Vega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated life cycle assessment of electricity supply scenarios confirms global Environmental Benefit of low carbon technologies
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015Co-Authors: Edgar G Hertwich, Evert A. Bouman, Anders Arvesen, Joseph D. Bergesen, Thomas Gibon, Andrea Ramirez, Garvin Heath, Mabel VegaAbstract:Life-cycle assessments commonly used to analyze the Environmental costs and Benefits of climate-mitigation options are usually static in nature and address individual power plants. Our paper presents, to our knowledge, the first life-cycle assessment of the large-scale implementation of climate-mitigation technologies, addressing the feedback of the electricity system onto itself and using scenario-consistent assumptions of technical improvements in key energy and material production technologies.
Edgar G Hertwich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated life cycle assessment of electricity supply scenarios confirms global Environmental Benefit of low carbon technologies
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015Co-Authors: Edgar G Hertwich, Evert A. Bouman, Anders Arvesen, Joseph D. Bergesen, Thomas Gibon, Andrea Ramirez, Garvin Heath, Mabel VegaAbstract:Life-cycle assessments commonly used to analyze the Environmental costs and Benefits of climate-mitigation options are usually static in nature and address individual power plants. Our paper presents, to our knowledge, the first life-cycle assessment of the large-scale implementation of climate-mitigation technologies, addressing the feedback of the electricity system onto itself and using scenario-consistent assumptions of technical improvements in key energy and material production technologies.
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Integrated life-cycle assessment of electricity-supply scenarios confirms global Environmental Benefit of low-carbon technologies
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Edgar G Hertwich, Evert A. Bouman, Anders Arvesen, Joseph D. Bergesen, Mabel I. Vega, Garvin A. Heath, Sangwon Suh, Thomas Gibon, Andrea Ramirez, Lei ShiAbstract:Decarbonization of electricity generation can support climate- change mitigation and presents an opportunity to address pollu- tion resulting from fossil-fuel combustion. Generally, renewable technologies require higher initial investments in infrastructure than fossil-based power systems. To assess the tradeoffs of increased up-front emissions and reduced operational emissions, we present, to our knowledge, the first global, integrated life- cycle assessment (LCA) of long-term, wide-scale implementation of electricity generation from renewable sources (i.e., photovoltaic and solar thermal, wind, and hydropower) and of carbon dioxide capture and storage for fossil power generation. We compare emissions causing particulate matter exposure, freshwater eco- toxicity, freshwater eutrophication, and climate change for the climate-change-mitigation (BLUE Map) and business-as-usual (Baseline) scenarios of the International Energy Agency up to 2050. We use a vintage stock model to conduct an LCA of newly installed capacity year-by-year for each region, thus accounting for changes in the energy mix used to manufacture future power plants. Under the Baseline scenario, emissions of air and water pollutants more than double whereas the low-carbon technolo- gies introduced in the BLUE Map scenario allow a doubling of electricity supply while stabilizing or even reducing pollution. Material requirements per unit generation for low-carbon tech- nologies can be higher than for conventional fossil generation: 11–40 times more copper for photovoltaic systems and 6–14 times more iron for wind power plants. However, only two years of current global copper and one year of iron production will suffice to build a low-carbon energy system capable of supplying the world’s electricity needs in 2050.