The Experts below are selected from a list of 86178 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Scott Frickel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ecological threat and the founding of u s national Environmental Movement organizations 1962 1998
Social Problems, 2011Co-Authors: Erik W. Johnson, Scott FrickelAbstract:This study examines the role of “ecological threat” in shaping the U.S. Environmental Movement. Statistical analysis combines founding data on 772 national Environmental Movement organizations with ecological data on air pollution levels and amphibian and bird populations. We examine these data longitudinally, from 1962 through 1998. Net of other social, economic, and political factors suggested by social Movement theory, we find evidence of segmented effects in the expected directions: Declines in wildlife populations are associated with the foundings of wildlife and wilderness protection organizations while increases in air pollution are associated with the foundings of organizations focused on ecosystem well-being and public health. These findings help refine long-held assumptions about the relationship between ecological degradation and Environmental activism, and demonstrate the broader utility of the threat concept for strengthening theories of social Movement mobilization.
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Ecological Threat and the Founding of U.S. National Environmental Movement Organizations, 1962–1998
Social Problems, 2011Co-Authors: Erik W. Johnson, Scott FrickelAbstract:This study examines the role of “ecological threat” in shaping the U.S. Environmental Movement. Statistical analysis combines founding data on 772 national Environmental Movement organizations with ecological data on air pollution levels and amphibian and bird populations. We examine these data longitudinally, from 1962 through 1998. Net of other social, economic, and political factors suggested by social Movement theory, we find evidence of segmented effects in the expected directions: Declines in wildlife populations are associated with the foundings of wildlife and wilderness protection organizations while increases in air pollution are associated with the foundings of organizations focused on ecosystem well-being and public health. These findings help refine long-held assumptions about the relationship between ecological degradation and Environmental activism, and demonstrate the broader utility of the threat concept for strengthening theories of social Movement mobilization.
Riley E. Dunlap - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparing Two Measures of Social Movement Identity: The Environmental Movement as an Example
Social Science Quarterly, 2015Co-Authors: Aaron M. Mccright, Riley E. DunlapAbstract:Objective We compare the relative performance of two measures of identification with the Environmental Movement: a self-identified Environmentalist indicator and an Environmental Movement identity indicator. Methods We utilize data from the March/April 2000–2010 Gallup Polls to examine how these two measures of identification with the Environmental Movement are related to membership in Environmental organizations, attitudes toward the Environmental Movement, and private and public Environmental behaviors. Results While both indicators similarly predict self-reported private Environmental behaviors, the Environmental Movement identity indicator is more strongly associated with membership in Environmental organizations and attitudes toward the Environmental Movement, and the self-identified Environmentalist indicator is more strongly associated with self-reported public Environmental behaviors. Conclusions Given the performance of the Environmental Movement identity measure, we lay out an agenda for future research using a slightly revised version of the indicator to investigate identification with a range of social Movements via surveys of nationally representative samples of the general public.
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American Environmentalism : the U.S. Environmental Movement, 1970-1990
2014Co-Authors: Riley E. Dunlap, Angela G. MertigAbstract:Evolution of the US Environmental Movement from 1970 to 1990 - an overview 20 years of Environmental mobilization - trends among national Environmental organizations not in our backyards - the grass roots Environmental Movement the quest for Environmental equity - mobilizing the African-American community for social change deep ecology and radical Environmentalism globalizing Environmentalism - threshold of a new phase in international relations 20 years of change in the Environmentalism Movement - an insiders view trends in public opinion toward Environmental issues - 1965-1990.
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Social Movement Identity: Validating a Measure of Identification with the Environmental Movement*
Social Science Quarterly, 2008Co-Authors: Riley E. Dunlap, Aaron M. MccrightAbstract:Objective. We offer an empirical measure of “social Movement identity” vis-a-vis the Environmental Movement. Our measure of Environmental Movement identity complements existing efforts to measure the ambiguous concept of “Environmental identity.” Methods. We utilize data from a 2000 Gallup Poll of 1,004 adults to examine relationships between our measure of Environmental Movement identity and self-reported membership in Environmental organizations, assessments of the Environmental Movement, and self-reported pro-Environmental behaviors. Results. The measure appears to have face validity, and our results suggest it also has construct and predictive validity since it is related to Environmental organization memberships, assessments of the Environmental Movement, and self-reported pro-Environmental behaviors—even when controlling for relevant sociopolitical characteristics. Conclusions. The measure is useful for analyses of the Environmental Movement, can be adapted for research on other Movements, and can help social Movement analysts respond to calls to investigate linkages between public opinion and Movement dynamics.
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The evolution of the U.S. Environmental Movement from 1970 to 1990: An overview
Society & Natural Resources, 1991Co-Authors: Riley E. Dunlap, Angela G. MertigAbstract:Abstract The twentieth anniversary of Earth Day in 1990 indicated that Environmentalism has become an enduring and successful social Movement and thus has avoided the rapid demise that many Movements experience. However, the U.S. Environmental Movement has changed considerably since 1970, most notably by becoming a much more diverse Movement. The contributions to this volume describe the major strands of Environmentalism that have developed over the past two decades and, in the process, provide an overview of the evolution of the Movement.
Erik W. Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ecological threat and the founding of u s national Environmental Movement organizations 1962 1998
Social Problems, 2011Co-Authors: Erik W. Johnson, Scott FrickelAbstract:This study examines the role of “ecological threat” in shaping the U.S. Environmental Movement. Statistical analysis combines founding data on 772 national Environmental Movement organizations with ecological data on air pollution levels and amphibian and bird populations. We examine these data longitudinally, from 1962 through 1998. Net of other social, economic, and political factors suggested by social Movement theory, we find evidence of segmented effects in the expected directions: Declines in wildlife populations are associated with the foundings of wildlife and wilderness protection organizations while increases in air pollution are associated with the foundings of organizations focused on ecosystem well-being and public health. These findings help refine long-held assumptions about the relationship between ecological degradation and Environmental activism, and demonstrate the broader utility of the threat concept for strengthening theories of social Movement mobilization.
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Ecological Threat and the Founding of U.S. National Environmental Movement Organizations, 1962–1998
Social Problems, 2011Co-Authors: Erik W. Johnson, Scott FrickelAbstract:This study examines the role of “ecological threat” in shaping the U.S. Environmental Movement. Statistical analysis combines founding data on 772 national Environmental Movement organizations with ecological data on air pollution levels and amphibian and bird populations. We examine these data longitudinally, from 1962 through 1998. Net of other social, economic, and political factors suggested by social Movement theory, we find evidence of segmented effects in the expected directions: Declines in wildlife populations are associated with the foundings of wildlife and wilderness protection organizations while increases in air pollution are associated with the foundings of organizations focused on ecosystem well-being and public health. These findings help refine long-held assumptions about the relationship between ecological degradation and Environmental activism, and demonstrate the broader utility of the threat concept for strengthening theories of social Movement mobilization.
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Changing issue representation among major United States Environmental Movement organizations
Rural Sociology, 2006Co-Authors: Erik W. JohnsonAbstract:Histories of the Environmental Movement have emphasized the importance of a shift in focus from those issues traditionally associated with the Movement, such as resource and wildlife protection, towards ''new'' quality of life issues, such as Environmental pollution and its human health effects. Here, time-series data between 1970 and 2000 on the issue agendas of fifty leading Environmental Movement organizations (EMOs) are used to empirically assess the veracity of this hypothesized shift. Results indicate that while there is dramatic growth in the salience of new Environmental issues, those issues traditionally associated with the Environmental Movement continue to dominate the collective agendas of major EMOs. Further, new Environmental issues are most likely to be represented in organizational fields composed of smaller EMOs on average. The selection and problematization of issues are central to the mobili- zation, development and, ultimately, success or failure of a social move- ment, as well as individual social Movement organizations (SMOs). In addition, the issues to which SMOs attend have potentially important public policy implications. Perhaps more so than for any other contem- porary Movement, changing issue representation holds a central theo- retical position in analyses of U.S. Environmentalism. Scholars suggest that the shift in focus away from issues of resource and wildlife protection towards the ''new'' quality of life issues, such as Environmental pollution and its human health effects, represents the most significant transformation in the twentieth century Environmental Movement. The extent of this qualitative shift is so dramatic that many analysts conceive of the development of a distinct Movement (e.g. Dalton 1994; Hays 1987). Changing issue representation is thought to have broadened the scope and constituency of the Environmental Movement and contributed to growth in both new and existing Environmental organizations (McLaughlin and Khawaja 2000; Mitchell,
Aaron M. Mccright - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparing Two Measures of Social Movement Identity: The Environmental Movement as an Example
Social Science Quarterly, 2015Co-Authors: Aaron M. Mccright, Riley E. DunlapAbstract:Objective We compare the relative performance of two measures of identification with the Environmental Movement: a self-identified Environmentalist indicator and an Environmental Movement identity indicator. Methods We utilize data from the March/April 2000–2010 Gallup Polls to examine how these two measures of identification with the Environmental Movement are related to membership in Environmental organizations, attitudes toward the Environmental Movement, and private and public Environmental behaviors. Results While both indicators similarly predict self-reported private Environmental behaviors, the Environmental Movement identity indicator is more strongly associated with membership in Environmental organizations and attitudes toward the Environmental Movement, and the self-identified Environmentalist indicator is more strongly associated with self-reported public Environmental behaviors. Conclusions Given the performance of the Environmental Movement identity measure, we lay out an agenda for future research using a slightly revised version of the indicator to investigate identification with a range of social Movements via surveys of nationally representative samples of the general public.
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Social Movement Identity: Validating a Measure of Identification with the Environmental Movement*
Social Science Quarterly, 2008Co-Authors: Riley E. Dunlap, Aaron M. MccrightAbstract:Objective. We offer an empirical measure of “social Movement identity” vis-a-vis the Environmental Movement. Our measure of Environmental Movement identity complements existing efforts to measure the ambiguous concept of “Environmental identity.” Methods. We utilize data from a 2000 Gallup Poll of 1,004 adults to examine relationships between our measure of Environmental Movement identity and self-reported membership in Environmental organizations, assessments of the Environmental Movement, and self-reported pro-Environmental behaviors. Results. The measure appears to have face validity, and our results suggest it also has construct and predictive validity since it is related to Environmental organization memberships, assessments of the Environmental Movement, and self-reported pro-Environmental behaviors—even when controlling for relevant sociopolitical characteristics. Conclusions. The measure is useful for analyses of the Environmental Movement, can be adapted for research on other Movements, and can help social Movement analysts respond to calls to investigate linkages between public opinion and Movement dynamics.
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9. The Political Opportunity Structure of the Environmental Movement in U.S. Communities
Community and Ecology, 1Co-Authors: Aaron M. Mccright, Terry Nichols ClarkAbstract:We examine how political characteristics of communities explain variation in the mobilization and outcomes of the American Environmental Movement in 257 large American communities. In the process, we introduce our own typology of the political opportunity structure concept as a basic accounting scheme. We find that non-institutional political factors are more powerful predictors of Environmental Movement mobilization and outcomes than are institutional political factors. This is an important finding since non-state dimensions of the political opportunity structure are typically understudied in existing research given the overriding emphasis on formal state characteristics. Also, we find that the characteristics of allies have a more significant effect on Environmental Movement mobilization and outcomes than do the characteristics of opponents.
Thomas O’brien - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fragmentation or Evolution? Understanding Change Within the New Zealand Environmental Movement
Journal of Civil Society, 2013Co-Authors: Thomas O’brienAbstract:The contemporary New Zealand Environmental Movement emerged in the 1960s to challenge large-scale development projects, represented by the ‘Save Manapouri’ campaign. The Movement grew in the 1970s and 1980s before subsequently declining in scale, reflecting partial success with the institutionalization of Environmental issues. Concurrent with institutionalization and declining levels of activism has been growth in the number and range of community-based Environmental groups. This article draws on interviews conducted with activists and officials to develop an understanding of the relationship between these trends. The aim is to (1) outline the factors that have shaped the character of the New Zealand Environmental Movement and (2) determine how the Movement has evolved in relation to external pressures. The findings suggest that although the Environmental Movement is less visible than in earlier periods, it retains an important position, with latent potential for future mobilization.