The Experts below are selected from a list of 80547 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Shabbir H. Gheewala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Environmental Toxicity potential from electricity generation in Tanzania
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Mwema Felix, Shabbir H. GheewalaAbstract:Purpose Environmental Toxicity potential is the potential harm of a chemical substance or a compound that is released into the environment. Such harm is present in the generation of electricity using fossil fuels that release toxins that result in Environmental pollution that would certainly have serious implications on human health and the ecosystem quality. This study assessed the Environmental Toxicity potential of the centralized grid-connected electricity generating systems for the years 2000, 2015, 2020, 2026 and 2030, according to the Tanzania Electricity Supply Company Limited, TANESCO’s power system master plan of the year 2009. Methods Life cycle assessment, which is a globally and widely used tool for assessing what impact product or services have during their life cycle, from production stage to disposal stage was used to assess the electricity generating systems based on process analysis. The life cycle impact assessment was calculated using CML 2001 version 2.05. Results and discussion The results show that Environmental Toxicity potentials increase significantly for the years 2000, 2015, 2020, 2026 and 2030. In addition, the contribution of electricity generation from fossil fuels viz. coal, natural gas, heavy fuel and industrial diesel oils to the Environmental Toxicity potentials are high as compared to that of hydroelectricity. Conclusions The result suggests that increasing the share of hydroelectricity would significantly help to reduce the Environmental Toxicity potentials and ultimately the Environmental profile of the electricity generation could be improved.
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Environmental Toxicity potential from electricity generation in Tanzania
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Mwema Felix, Shabbir H. GheewalaAbstract:Purpose Environmental Toxicity potential is the potential harm of a chemical substance or a compound that is released into the environment. Such harm is present in the generation of electricity using fossil fuels that release toxins that result in Environmental pollution that would certainly have serious implications on human health and the ecosystem quality. This study assessed the Environmental Toxicity potential of the centralized grid-connected electricity generating systems for the years 2000, 2015, 2020, 2026 and 2030, according to the Tanzania Electricity Supply Company Limited, TANESCO’s power system master plan of the year 2009.
Marja H. Lamoree - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects directed analysis eda and Toxicity identification evaluation tie complementary but different approaches for diagnosing causes of Environmental Toxicity
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Robert M. Burgess, Werner Brack, Marja H. LamoreeAbstract:Currently, 2 approaches are available for performing Environmental diagnostics on samples like municipal and industrial effluents, interstitial waters, and whole sediments to identify anthropogenic contaminants causing toxicological effects. One approach is Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), which was developed primarily in North America to determine active toxicants to whole-organism endpoints. The second approach is effects-directed analysis (EDA), which has origins in both Europe and North America. Unlike TIE, EDA uses primarily in vitro endpoints with an emphasis on organic contaminants as the cause of observed Toxicity. The 2 approaches have fundamental differences that make them distinct techniques. In EDA, the sophisticated and elegant fractionation and chemical analyses performed to identify the causes of Toxicity with a high degree of specificity often compromise contaminant bioavailability. In contrast, in TIE, toxicant bioavailability is maintained and is considered critical to accurately identifying the causes of Environmental Toxicity. However, maintaining contaminant bioavailability comes with the cost of limiting, at least until recently, the use of the types of sophisticated fractionation and elegant chemical analyses that have resulted in the high specificity of toxicant diagnosis performed in EDA. The present study provides an overview of each approach and highlights areas where the 2 approaches can complement one another and lead to the improvement of both. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1935–1945. © 2013 SETAC
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Effects‐directed analysis (EDA) and Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE): Complementary but different approaches for diagnosing causes of Environmental Toxicity
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Robert M. Burgess, Werner Brack, Marja H. LamoreeAbstract:Currently, 2 approaches are available for performing Environmental diagnostics on samples like municipal and industrial effluents, interstitial waters, and whole sediments to identify anthropogenic contaminants causing toxicological effects. One approach is Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), which was developed primarily in North America to determine active toxicants to whole-organism endpoints. The second approach is effects-directed analysis (EDA), which has origins in both Europe and North America. Unlike TIE, EDA uses primarily in vitro endpoints with an emphasis on organic contaminants as the cause of observed Toxicity. The 2 approaches have fundamental differences that make them distinct techniques. In EDA, the sophisticated and elegant fractionation and chemical analyses performed to identify the causes of Toxicity with a high degree of specificity often compromise contaminant bioavailability. In contrast, in TIE, toxicant bioavailability is maintained and is considered critical to accurately identifying the causes of Environmental Toxicity. However, maintaining contaminant bioavailability comes with the cost of limiting, at least until recently, the use of the types of sophisticated fractionation and elegant chemical analyses that have resulted in the high specificity of toxicant diagnosis performed in EDA. The present study provides an overview of each approach and highlights areas where the 2 approaches can complement one another and lead to the improvement of both. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1935–1945. © 2013 SETAC
Munawar Iqbal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vicia faba bioassay for Environmental Toxicity monitoring a review
Chemosphere, 2016Co-Authors: Munawar IqbalAbstract:Higher plants are recognized as excellent genetic models to detect cytogenetic and mutagenic agents and are frequently used in Environmental monitoring studies. Vicia faba (V. faba) bioassay have been used to study DNA damages i.e., chromosomal and nuclear aberrations induced by metallic compounds, pesticides, complex mixtures, petroleum derivates, toxins, nanoparticles and industrial effluents. The main advantages of using V. faba is its availability round the year, economical to use, easy to grow and handle; its use does not require sterile conditions, rate of cell division is fast, chromosomes are easy to score, less expensive and more sensitive as compared to other short-term tests that require pre-preparations. The V. faba test offers evaluation of different endpoints and tested agents can be classified as cytotoxic/genotoxic/mutagenic. This test also provides understanding about mechanism of action, whether the tested agent is clastogenic or aneugenic in nature. In view of advantages offered by V. faba test system, it is used extensively to assess toxic agents and has been emerged as an important bioassay for ecotoxicological studies. Based on the applications of V. faba test to assess the Environmental quality, this article offers an overview of this test system and its efficiency in assessing the cytogenetic and mutagenic agents in different classes of the Environmental concerns.
Merrin S. Adams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Environmental Toxicity and radioactivity assessment of a titanium-processing residue with potential for Environmental use
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Laura Wendling, Monique T. Binet, Zheng Yuan, Francesca Gissi, Darren J. Koppel, Merrin S. AdamsAbstract:Thorough examination of the physicochemical characteristics of a Ti-processing residue was undertaken, including mineralogical, geochemical, and radiochemical characterization, and an investigation of the Environmental Toxicity of soft-water leachate generated from the residue. Concentrations of most metals measured in the leachate were low; thus, the residue is unlikely to leach high levels of potentially toxic elements on exposure to low–ionic strength natural waters. Relative to stringent ecosystem health-based guidelines, only chromium concentrations in the leachate exceeded guideline concentrations for 95% species protection; however, sulfate was present at concentrations known to cause Toxicity. It is likely that the high concentration of calcium and extreme water hardness of the leachate reduced the bioavailability of some elements. Geochemical modeling of the leachate indicated that calcium and sulfate concentrations were largely controlled by gypsum mineral dissolution. The leachate was not toxic to the microalga Chlorella sp., the cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia, or the estuarine bacterium Vibrio fischeri. The Ti-processing residue exhibited an absorbed dose rate of 186 nGy/h, equivalent to an annual dose of 1.63 mGy and an annual effective dose of 0.326 mGy. In summary, the results indicate that the Ti-processing residue examined is suitable for productive use as an Environmental amendment following 10 to 100 times dilution to ameliorate potential toxic effects due to chromium or sulfate. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1443–1452. © 2013 SETAC
Mwema Felix - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Environmental Toxicity potential from electricity generation in Tanzania
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Mwema Felix, Shabbir H. GheewalaAbstract:Purpose Environmental Toxicity potential is the potential harm of a chemical substance or a compound that is released into the environment. Such harm is present in the generation of electricity using fossil fuels that release toxins that result in Environmental pollution that would certainly have serious implications on human health and the ecosystem quality. This study assessed the Environmental Toxicity potential of the centralized grid-connected electricity generating systems for the years 2000, 2015, 2020, 2026 and 2030, according to the Tanzania Electricity Supply Company Limited, TANESCO’s power system master plan of the year 2009. Methods Life cycle assessment, which is a globally and widely used tool for assessing what impact product or services have during their life cycle, from production stage to disposal stage was used to assess the electricity generating systems based on process analysis. The life cycle impact assessment was calculated using CML 2001 version 2.05. Results and discussion The results show that Environmental Toxicity potentials increase significantly for the years 2000, 2015, 2020, 2026 and 2030. In addition, the contribution of electricity generation from fossil fuels viz. coal, natural gas, heavy fuel and industrial diesel oils to the Environmental Toxicity potentials are high as compared to that of hydroelectricity. Conclusions The result suggests that increasing the share of hydroelectricity would significantly help to reduce the Environmental Toxicity potentials and ultimately the Environmental profile of the electricity generation could be improved.
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Environmental Toxicity potential from electricity generation in Tanzania
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2014Co-Authors: Mwema Felix, Shabbir H. GheewalaAbstract:Purpose Environmental Toxicity potential is the potential harm of a chemical substance or a compound that is released into the environment. Such harm is present in the generation of electricity using fossil fuels that release toxins that result in Environmental pollution that would certainly have serious implications on human health and the ecosystem quality. This study assessed the Environmental Toxicity potential of the centralized grid-connected electricity generating systems for the years 2000, 2015, 2020, 2026 and 2030, according to the Tanzania Electricity Supply Company Limited, TANESCO’s power system master plan of the year 2009.