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Po-ren Hsueh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • diagnostic performance of whole blood interferon γ Assay and enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for active tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of 2 interferon-γ release Assays, an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (T-SPOT.TB; Oxford Immunotec Ltd., Oxford, UK) and the QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-Tube Assay (QFT-GIT; Cellestis Ltd., Carnegie, Australia), in patients with suspected active tuberculosis (TB). From October 2009 to October 2011, a total of 200 patients with suspected TB were enrolled. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of the patients were collected and blood samples were obtained for T-SPOT.TB and QFT-GIT Assays. Among the 200 subjects, 98 (49%) had culture-confirmed TB, 18 (9%) had probable TB, and the remaining 84 (42%) subjects did not have TB. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for active TB diagnosis by the T SPOT. TB were 83%, 71%, 81%, and 75%, respectively. For QFT-GIT, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for active TB diagnosis were 66%, 76%, 80%, and 62%, respectively. The QFT-GIT Assay resulted in more indeterminate and false-negative results than the T-SPOT.TB Assay, especially in immunocompromised patients. In conclusion, T-SPOT.TB had a higher sensitivity and resulted in fewer indeterminate results than the QFT-GIT Assay for diagnosing active TB.

  • Diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ in skeletal tuberculosis
    European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Chun-hsing Liao, Y T Huang, W.-l. Liu, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay for interferon-γ in patients with suspected skeletal tuberculosis (TB). From March 2007 to June 2010, a total of 36 patients with suspected skeletal TB in a tertiary care hospital in Taiwan were enrolled. Twelve patients (35.3%) had culture-confirmed TB, three (8.8%) patients had probable TB, and the remaining 21 (58.3%) patients did not have TB. Fourteen patients with mycobacterial infection had available biopsy or surgical specimens for histopathological examination and 12 (85.7%) specimens had pathological features consistent with mycobacterial infection. Among the 12 patients with positive findings indicating mycobacterial infection, all seven patients with spinal TB and three of five patients with TB arthritis had positive ELISPOT Assays. All nine patients with spinal TB had positive ELISPOT Assays, but only four of six patients with TB arthritis had positive ELISPOT Assays. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for skeletal TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 86.7%, 61.9%, 61.9%, and 86.7%, respectively. In conclusion, the ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in diagnosing skeletal TB, and spinal TB can be excluded based on a negative ELISPOT Assay.

  • diagnostic value of an enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for interferon γ in cutaneous tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Weilun Liu, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay (T-SPOT.TB; Oxford Immunotec, Oxford, UK) for interferon-γ in patients with suspected cutaneous tuberculosis (TB). From March 2007 to June 2010, a total of 45 patients with suspected cutaneous TB were enrolled. Data on clinical characteristics of the patients and conventional laboratory results were collected, and blood samples were obtained for ELISPOT Assay. Ten subjects (22.2%) had culture-confirmed TB, 2 (4.4%) subjects had probable TB, and the remaining 33 (73.3%) subjects did not have TB. Twenty-one patients with mycobacterial infection had available biopsy or surgical specimens for histopathologic examination and 16 (76.2%) specimens had pathologic features (granulomatous inflammation, caseating necrosis, or acid-fast bacilli) consistent with mycobacterial infection. Among these 16 patients, all 6 patients with TB and 3 patients with Mycobacterium marinum infection had positive ELISPOT results, but none of the patients with Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, or Mycobacterium avium infection had positive ELISPOT results. Overall, 9 of 10 patients with culture-confirmed TB and both patients with probable TB had positive ELISPOT Assay. For patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria infections, ELISPOT Assay was positive only in patients with M. marinum and M. kansasii infection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for cutaneous TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 91.6% (95% CI, 64.6-98.5%), 75.8% (95% CI, 59.0-87.2%), 57.9% (95% CI, 34.0-78.9%), and 96.2% (95% CI, 59.0-87.2%), respectively. In conclusion, ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in the diagnosis of cutaneous TB.

  • Diagnostic utility of Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ in a patient with tuberculous arthritis and pyomyositis.
    Journal of microbiology immunology and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi, 2011
    Co-Authors: Che-kim Tan, Chih-cheng Lai, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The indolent and nonspecific presentations of tuberculous arthritis and pyomyositis render their diagnosis a great challenge for clinicians. We describe a 78-year-old man with swelling and pain of right knee for 6 months. The patient was empirically treated for tuberculosis because positive Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ of blood was reported at 2 days after aspiration of synovial fluid, which was negative for acid-fast stain but subsequently grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis 6 weeks later. He recovered uneventfully with 1-year antituberculous combination therapy.

  • diagnostic value of an enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for interferon γ in genitourinary tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2010
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Chengyi Wang, Jenyu Wang, Heni Lin, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay for interferon-γ in patients with suspected genitourinary tuberculosis (TB). A total of 30 patients with suspected genitourinary TB at the National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, were prospectively enrolled from January 2007 to December 2009, and 12 of whom had positive urine culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Frequency and dysuria were the most common symptoms noted in 6 (50.0%) and 4 (33.3%) patients, respectively. Pyuria was the most common finding of urinalysis noted in 11 (91.7%) patients. Six (50.0%) patients had positive acid-fast stain in urine. Among the 30 patients, 13 patients had positive ELISPOT Assay. Eleven patients with positive ELISPOT Assay had culture-confirmed TB, and the remaining 2 patients without evidence of active TB had positive ELISPOT Assay. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for genitourinary TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 91.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59.8–99.6%), 88.9% (95% CI, 63.9–98.1%), 84.6% (95% CI, 53.7–97.3%), and 94.1% (95% CI, 69.2–96.7%), respectively. In conclusion, ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in diagnosing genitourinary TB.

Ajit Lalvani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • rapid diagnosis of cns tuberculosis by a t cell interferon gamma release Assay on cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells
    Infection, 2008
    Co-Authors: K Kosters, Ajit Lalvani, R Nau, Aik Bossink, I Greiffendorf, M Jentsch, M Ernst, Steven F T Thijsen, Timothy S C Hinks, Christoph Lange
    Abstract:

    Central nervous system tuberculosis remains a clinical diagnostic challenge. The ex vivo Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (ELISPOT) is a novel Assay for the rapid detection of M. tuberculosis-specific T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. However, when performed on peripheral blood, this Assay cannot distinguish between active tuberculosis or latent tuberculosis infection. On the assumption that M. tuberculosis-specific T-lymphocytes migrate to sites of infection, we were able to demonstrate high levels of M. tuberculosis-specific cells by ELISPOT in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with tuberculous meningitis and intracerebral tuberculoma four weeks before cerebrospinal fluid culture became positive for M. tuberculosis by culture.

  • rapid diagnosis of smear negative tuberculosis by bronchoalveolar lavage enzyme linked Immunospot
    American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2006
    Co-Authors: C Jafari, Ajit Lalvani, Martin Ernst, Barbara Kalsdorf, U Greinert, Roland Diel, D Kirsten, Kathleen Marienfeld, Christoph Lange
    Abstract:

    Rationale: In a large proportion of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB), acid-fast bacilli smear results for sputum and bronchial secretions are negative. Detectable growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in cultures takes several weeks and MTB-specific DNA amplification results on sputum and bronchial secretions are variable in these patients.Objective: We investigated whether a rapid diagnosis of pTB can be established by enumeration of MTB-specific mononuclear cells from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in routine clinical practice.Methods: Patients presenting to a tertiary hospital with medical histories and pulmonary infiltrates compatible with tuberculosis, and negative acid-fast bacilli smear results (three) from sputum, were prospectively enrolled in this study. An MTB-specific Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (ELISPOT [T-SPOT.TB; Oxford Immunotec, Abingdon, UK]) with early antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein-10 (CFP-10) peptides was performed on peripheral b...

  • dynamic antigen specific t cell responses after point source exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis
    American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2006
    Co-Authors: Katie J Ewer, Kerry A Millington, Jonathan J Deeks, L Alvarez, Gerry Bryant, Ajit Lalvani
    Abstract:

    Rationale: The kinetics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis–specific Th1-type T-cell responses after M. tuberculosis infection are likely to be important in determining clinical outcome.Objective: To investigate the kinetics of T-cell responses, in the context of a point-source school tuberculosis outbreak, in three groups of contacts who differed by preventive treatment status and tuberculin skin test (TST) results: 38 treated TST-positive students, 11 untreated TST-positive staff, and 14 untreated students with negative or borderline TST results.Methods: We used the ex vivo IFN-γ Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (ELISpot) to track T cells specific for two region of difference 1 (RD1) antigens, early secretory antigenic target 6 and culture filtrate protein 10, for 18 mo after cessation of tuberculosis exposure.Main Results: The treated TST-positive students had an average 68% decline in frequencies of RD1-specific IFN-γ–secreting T cells per year (p < 0.0001) and 6 of 38 students had no detectable RD1-specific ...

  • enzyme linked Immunospot and tuberculin skin testing to detect latent tuberculosis infection
    American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2005
    Co-Authors: Homayoun Shams, Stephen E Weis, Peter Klucar, Ajit Lalvani, Patrick K Moonan, Janice M Pogoda, Katie J Ewer, Peter F Barnes
    Abstract:

    Rationale: Diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is currently based on the tuberculin skin test. The Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (ELISPOT) is a new blood test to diagnose LTBI. Objective: To compare the ELISPOT and the tuberculin skin test for detecting LTBI in contacts of patients with tuberculosis. Methods: Prospective study of 413 contacts of patients with tuberculosis. Measurements and Main Results: Because there is no gold standard forLTBI,thesensitivityandspecificityoftheELISPOTandtuberculin skin test cannot be directly measured. For each contact, we therefore estimated the likelihood of having LTBI by calculating a contact score that quantified exposure to and infectiousness of the index case. We analyzed the relationship of contact score to ELISPOT and tuberculin skin test results. The likelihood of a positive ELISPOT (p 0.0005) and a tuberculin skin test (p 0.01) increased significantly with rising contact scores. The contact score was more strongly related to the ELISPOT than to the tuberculin skin test results, although this difference was not statistically significant. Among U.S.-born persons and those who were not vaccinated with bacille Calmette

  • diagnosis of tuberculosis in south african children with a t cell based Assay a prospective cohort study
    The Lancet, 2004
    Co-Authors: Susan Liebeschuetz, Katie J Ewer, Jonathan J Deeks, Sheila Bamber, Ansar A Pathan, Ajit Lalvani
    Abstract:

    Summary Background Childhood tuberculosis often presents non-specifically and is a common differential diagnosis in high prevalence areas. Current diagnostic tools have poor sensitivity and cannot reliably exclude tuberculosis, so overdiagnosis is common. HIV co-infection exacerbates this problem and accounts for an increasing proportion of paediatric tuberculosis worldwide. Methods We assessed the usefulness of a T-cell-based rapid blood test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, the Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (ELISPOT), in routine clinical practice. We did a prospective blinded study of 293 African children with suspected tuberculosis in kwaZulu-Natal, a region with high HIV prevalence. Children had full clinical assessment, ELISPOT, and a tuberculin skin test. Test results were compared with final clinical and microbiological diagnoses. Results In children with tuberculosis, sensitivity of ELISPOT was 83% (95% CI 75–89, n=133), significantly higher (p Conclusions Diagnostic sensitivity of ELISPOT is higher than that of the skin test and is less affected by factors frequently associated with childhood tuberculosis in developing countries. Used together with the skin test, ELISPOT provides a clinically useful diagnostic sensitivity in African children with suspected tuberculosis.

Chih-cheng Lai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • diagnostic performance of whole blood interferon γ Assay and enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for active tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of 2 interferon-γ release Assays, an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (T-SPOT.TB; Oxford Immunotec Ltd., Oxford, UK) and the QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-Tube Assay (QFT-GIT; Cellestis Ltd., Carnegie, Australia), in patients with suspected active tuberculosis (TB). From October 2009 to October 2011, a total of 200 patients with suspected TB were enrolled. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of the patients were collected and blood samples were obtained for T-SPOT.TB and QFT-GIT Assays. Among the 200 subjects, 98 (49%) had culture-confirmed TB, 18 (9%) had probable TB, and the remaining 84 (42%) subjects did not have TB. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for active TB diagnosis by the T SPOT. TB were 83%, 71%, 81%, and 75%, respectively. For QFT-GIT, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for active TB diagnosis were 66%, 76%, 80%, and 62%, respectively. The QFT-GIT Assay resulted in more indeterminate and false-negative results than the T-SPOT.TB Assay, especially in immunocompromised patients. In conclusion, T-SPOT.TB had a higher sensitivity and resulted in fewer indeterminate results than the QFT-GIT Assay for diagnosing active TB.

  • Diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ in skeletal tuberculosis
    European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Chun-hsing Liao, Y T Huang, W.-l. Liu, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay for interferon-γ in patients with suspected skeletal tuberculosis (TB). From March 2007 to June 2010, a total of 36 patients with suspected skeletal TB in a tertiary care hospital in Taiwan were enrolled. Twelve patients (35.3%) had culture-confirmed TB, three (8.8%) patients had probable TB, and the remaining 21 (58.3%) patients did not have TB. Fourteen patients with mycobacterial infection had available biopsy or surgical specimens for histopathological examination and 12 (85.7%) specimens had pathological features consistent with mycobacterial infection. Among the 12 patients with positive findings indicating mycobacterial infection, all seven patients with spinal TB and three of five patients with TB arthritis had positive ELISPOT Assays. All nine patients with spinal TB had positive ELISPOT Assays, but only four of six patients with TB arthritis had positive ELISPOT Assays. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for skeletal TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 86.7%, 61.9%, 61.9%, and 86.7%, respectively. In conclusion, the ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in diagnosing skeletal TB, and spinal TB can be excluded based on a negative ELISPOT Assay.

  • diagnostic value of an enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for interferon γ in cutaneous tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Weilun Liu, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay (T-SPOT.TB; Oxford Immunotec, Oxford, UK) for interferon-γ in patients with suspected cutaneous tuberculosis (TB). From March 2007 to June 2010, a total of 45 patients with suspected cutaneous TB were enrolled. Data on clinical characteristics of the patients and conventional laboratory results were collected, and blood samples were obtained for ELISPOT Assay. Ten subjects (22.2%) had culture-confirmed TB, 2 (4.4%) subjects had probable TB, and the remaining 33 (73.3%) subjects did not have TB. Twenty-one patients with mycobacterial infection had available biopsy or surgical specimens for histopathologic examination and 16 (76.2%) specimens had pathologic features (granulomatous inflammation, caseating necrosis, or acid-fast bacilli) consistent with mycobacterial infection. Among these 16 patients, all 6 patients with TB and 3 patients with Mycobacterium marinum infection had positive ELISPOT results, but none of the patients with Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, or Mycobacterium avium infection had positive ELISPOT results. Overall, 9 of 10 patients with culture-confirmed TB and both patients with probable TB had positive ELISPOT Assay. For patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria infections, ELISPOT Assay was positive only in patients with M. marinum and M. kansasii infection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for cutaneous TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 91.6% (95% CI, 64.6-98.5%), 75.8% (95% CI, 59.0-87.2%), 57.9% (95% CI, 34.0-78.9%), and 96.2% (95% CI, 59.0-87.2%), respectively. In conclusion, ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in the diagnosis of cutaneous TB.

  • Diagnostic utility of Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ in a patient with tuberculous arthritis and pyomyositis.
    Journal of microbiology immunology and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi, 2011
    Co-Authors: Che-kim Tan, Chih-cheng Lai, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The indolent and nonspecific presentations of tuberculous arthritis and pyomyositis render their diagnosis a great challenge for clinicians. We describe a 78-year-old man with swelling and pain of right knee for 6 months. The patient was empirically treated for tuberculosis because positive Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ of blood was reported at 2 days after aspiration of synovial fluid, which was negative for acid-fast stain but subsequently grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis 6 weeks later. He recovered uneventfully with 1-year antituberculous combination therapy.

  • diagnostic value of an enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for interferon γ in genitourinary tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2010
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Chengyi Wang, Jenyu Wang, Heni Lin, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay for interferon-γ in patients with suspected genitourinary tuberculosis (TB). A total of 30 patients with suspected genitourinary TB at the National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, were prospectively enrolled from January 2007 to December 2009, and 12 of whom had positive urine culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Frequency and dysuria were the most common symptoms noted in 6 (50.0%) and 4 (33.3%) patients, respectively. Pyuria was the most common finding of urinalysis noted in 11 (91.7%) patients. Six (50.0%) patients had positive acid-fast stain in urine. Among the 30 patients, 13 patients had positive ELISPOT Assay. Eleven patients with positive ELISPOT Assay had culture-confirmed TB, and the remaining 2 patients without evidence of active TB had positive ELISPOT Assay. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for genitourinary TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 91.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59.8–99.6%), 88.9% (95% CI, 63.9–98.1%), 84.6% (95% CI, 53.7–97.3%), and 94.1% (95% CI, 69.2–96.7%), respectively. In conclusion, ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in diagnosing genitourinary TB.

Chun-hsing Liao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • diagnostic performance of whole blood interferon γ Assay and enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for active tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of 2 interferon-γ release Assays, an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay (T-SPOT.TB; Oxford Immunotec Ltd., Oxford, UK) and the QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-Tube Assay (QFT-GIT; Cellestis Ltd., Carnegie, Australia), in patients with suspected active tuberculosis (TB). From October 2009 to October 2011, a total of 200 patients with suspected TB were enrolled. Clinical and microbiological characteristics of the patients were collected and blood samples were obtained for T-SPOT.TB and QFT-GIT Assays. Among the 200 subjects, 98 (49%) had culture-confirmed TB, 18 (9%) had probable TB, and the remaining 84 (42%) subjects did not have TB. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for active TB diagnosis by the T SPOT. TB were 83%, 71%, 81%, and 75%, respectively. For QFT-GIT, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for active TB diagnosis were 66%, 76%, 80%, and 62%, respectively. The QFT-GIT Assay resulted in more indeterminate and false-negative results than the T-SPOT.TB Assay, especially in immunocompromised patients. In conclusion, T-SPOT.TB had a higher sensitivity and resulted in fewer indeterminate results than the QFT-GIT Assay for diagnosing active TB.

  • Diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ in skeletal tuberculosis
    European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Chun-hsing Liao, Y T Huang, W.-l. Liu, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay for interferon-γ in patients with suspected skeletal tuberculosis (TB). From March 2007 to June 2010, a total of 36 patients with suspected skeletal TB in a tertiary care hospital in Taiwan were enrolled. Twelve patients (35.3%) had culture-confirmed TB, three (8.8%) patients had probable TB, and the remaining 21 (58.3%) patients did not have TB. Fourteen patients with mycobacterial infection had available biopsy or surgical specimens for histopathological examination and 12 (85.7%) specimens had pathological features consistent with mycobacterial infection. Among the 12 patients with positive findings indicating mycobacterial infection, all seven patients with spinal TB and three of five patients with TB arthritis had positive ELISPOT Assays. All nine patients with spinal TB had positive ELISPOT Assays, but only four of six patients with TB arthritis had positive ELISPOT Assays. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for skeletal TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 86.7%, 61.9%, 61.9%, and 86.7%, respectively. In conclusion, the ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in diagnosing skeletal TB, and spinal TB can be excluded based on a negative ELISPOT Assay.

  • diagnostic value of an enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for interferon γ in cutaneous tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2011
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Weilun Liu, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay (T-SPOT.TB; Oxford Immunotec, Oxford, UK) for interferon-γ in patients with suspected cutaneous tuberculosis (TB). From March 2007 to June 2010, a total of 45 patients with suspected cutaneous TB were enrolled. Data on clinical characteristics of the patients and conventional laboratory results were collected, and blood samples were obtained for ELISPOT Assay. Ten subjects (22.2%) had culture-confirmed TB, 2 (4.4%) subjects had probable TB, and the remaining 33 (73.3%) subjects did not have TB. Twenty-one patients with mycobacterial infection had available biopsy or surgical specimens for histopathologic examination and 16 (76.2%) specimens had pathologic features (granulomatous inflammation, caseating necrosis, or acid-fast bacilli) consistent with mycobacterial infection. Among these 16 patients, all 6 patients with TB and 3 patients with Mycobacterium marinum infection had positive ELISPOT results, but none of the patients with Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae, or Mycobacterium avium infection had positive ELISPOT results. Overall, 9 of 10 patients with culture-confirmed TB and both patients with probable TB had positive ELISPOT Assay. For patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria infections, ELISPOT Assay was positive only in patients with M. marinum and M. kansasii infection. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for cutaneous TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 91.6% (95% CI, 64.6-98.5%), 75.8% (95% CI, 59.0-87.2%), 57.9% (95% CI, 34.0-78.9%), and 96.2% (95% CI, 59.0-87.2%), respectively. In conclusion, ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in the diagnosis of cutaneous TB.

  • Diagnostic utility of Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ in a patient with tuberculous arthritis and pyomyositis.
    Journal of microbiology immunology and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi, 2011
    Co-Authors: Che-kim Tan, Chih-cheng Lai, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    The indolent and nonspecific presentations of tuberculous arthritis and pyomyositis render their diagnosis a great challenge for clinicians. We describe a 78-year-old man with swelling and pain of right knee for 6 months. The patient was empirically treated for tuberculosis because positive Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay for interferon-γ of blood was reported at 2 days after aspiration of synovial fluid, which was negative for acid-fast stain but subsequently grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis 6 weeks later. He recovered uneventfully with 1-year antituberculous combination therapy.

  • diagnostic value of an enzyme linked Immunospot Assay for interferon γ in genitourinary tuberculosis
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2010
    Co-Authors: Chih-cheng Lai, Che-kim Tan, Sheng-hsiang Lin, Yu-tsung Huang, Chun-hsing Liao, Chengyi Wang, Jenyu Wang, Heni Lin, Po-ren Hsueh
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay for interferon-γ in patients with suspected genitourinary tuberculosis (TB). A total of 30 patients with suspected genitourinary TB at the National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, were prospectively enrolled from January 2007 to December 2009, and 12 of whom had positive urine culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Frequency and dysuria were the most common symptoms noted in 6 (50.0%) and 4 (33.3%) patients, respectively. Pyuria was the most common finding of urinalysis noted in 11 (91.7%) patients. Six (50.0%) patients had positive acid-fast stain in urine. Among the 30 patients, 13 patients had positive ELISPOT Assay. Eleven patients with positive ELISPOT Assay had culture-confirmed TB, and the remaining 2 patients without evidence of active TB had positive ELISPOT Assay. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for genitourinary TB diagnosis by the ELISPOT Assay were 91.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59.8–99.6%), 88.9% (95% CI, 63.9–98.1%), 84.6% (95% CI, 53.7–97.3%), and 94.1% (95% CI, 69.2–96.7%), respectively. In conclusion, ELISPOT Assay can provide useful support in diagnosing genitourinary TB.

Kayode T Adeyemi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a modified anthrax toxin based enzyme linked Immunospot Assay reveals robust t cell responses in symptomatic and asymptomatic ebola virus exposed individuals
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2018
    Co-Authors: Bobby Brooke Herrera, Donald J Hamel, Philip Oshun, Rolake Akinsola, Alani S Akanmu, Charlotte A Chang, Philomena Eromon, Onikepe Folarin, Kayode T Adeyemi
    Abstract:

    Background Ebola virus (EBOV) caused more than 11,000 deaths during the 2013–2016 epidemic in West Africa without approved vaccines or immunotherapeutics. Despite its high lethality in some individuals, EBOV infection can produce little to no symptoms in others. A better understanding of the immune responses in individuals who experienced minimally symptomatic and asymptomatic infection could aid the development of more effective vaccines and antivirals against EBOV and related filoviruses. Methodology/Principle findings Between August and November 2017, blood samples were collected from 19 study participants in Lagos, Nigeria, including 3 Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors, 10 individuals with documented close contact with symptomatic EVD patients, and 6 control healthcare workers for a cross-sectional serosurvey and T cell analysis. The Lagos samples, as well as archived serum collected from healthy individuals living in surrounding areas of the 1976 Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) epidemic, were tested for EBOV IgG using commercial Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) and Western blots. We detected antibodies in 3 out of 3 Lagos survivors and identified 2 seropositive individuals not known to have ever been infected. Of the DRC samples tested, we detected antibodies in 9 out of 71 (12.7%). To characterize the T cell responses in the Lagos samples, we developed an anthrax toxin-based Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay. The seropositive asymptomatic individuals had T cell responses against EBOV nucleoprotein, matrix protein, and glycoprotein 1 that were stronger in magnitude compared to the survivors. Conclusion/Significance Our data provide further evidence of EBOV exposure in individuals without EVD-like illness and, for the first time, demonstrate that these individuals have T cell responses that are stronger in magnitude compared to severe cases. These findings suggest that T cell immunity may protect against severe EVD, which has important implications for vaccine development.

  • A modified anthrax toxin-based Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay reveals robust T cell responses in symptomatic and asymptomatic Ebola virus exposed individuals.
    Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2018
    Co-Authors: Bobby Brooke Herrera, Donald J Hamel, Philip Oshun, Rolake Akinsola, Alani S Akanmu, Charlotte A Chang, Philomena Eromon, Onikepe Folarin, Kayode T Adeyemi, Christian T Happi
    Abstract:

    Ebola virus (EBOV) caused more than 11,000 deaths during the 2013-2016 epidemic in West Africa without approved vaccines or immunotherapeutics. Despite its high lethality in some individuals, EBOV infection can produce little to no symptoms in others. A better understanding of the immune responses in individuals who experienced minimally symptomatic and asymptomatic infection could aid the development of more effective vaccines and antivirals against EBOV and related filoviruses.Between August and November 2017, blood samples were collected from 19 study participants in Lagos, Nigeria, including 3 Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors, 10 individuals with documented close contact with symptomatic EVD patients, and 6 control healthcare workers for a cross-sectional serosurvey and T cell analysis. The Lagos samples, as well as archived serum collected from healthy individuals living in surrounding areas of the 1976 Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) epidemic, were tested for EBOV IgG using commercial Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) and Western blots. We detected antibodies in 3 out of 3 Lagos survivors and identified 2 seropositive individuals not known to have ever been infected. Of the DRC samples tested, we detected antibodies in 9 out of 71 (12.7%). To characterize the T cell responses in the Lagos samples, we developed an anthrax toxin-based Enzyme-Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) Assay. The seropositive asymptomatic individuals had T cell responses against EBOV nucleoprotein, matrix protein, and glycoprotein 1 that were stronger in magnitude compared to the survivors.Our data provide further evidence of EBOV exposure in individuals without EVD-like illness and, for the first time, demonstrate that these individuals have T cell responses that are stronger in magnitude compared to severe cases. These findings suggest that T cell immunity may protect against severe EVD, which has important implications for vaccine development