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Tayyab Subhani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Improving the performance of conventional glass fiber Epoxy Matrix composites by incorporating nanodiamonds
Composite Interfaces, 2020Co-Authors: Usama Zaheer, Aqeel A. Khurram, Usama Zulfiqar, Tayyab SubhaniAbstract:AbstractMultiscale glass fiber Epoxy Matrix composites containing nanodiamonds were fabricated using vacuum bagging technique. Three different loadings of nanodiamonds were incorporated in Epoxy re...
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A treatise on multiscale glass fiber Epoxy Matrix composites containing graphene nanoplatelets
Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, 2018Co-Authors: Usama Zaheer, Aqeel A. Khurram, Tayyab SubhaniAbstract:Multiscale composites of Epoxy Matrix containing glass fibers and graphene nanoplatelets were prepared to investigate the effect of incorporating nanoplatelets upon the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the composites. Ozone-functionalized nanoplatelets were uniformly mixed in Epoxy before incorporating glass fabric in the composites and processed through vacuum molding. Three different loadings of nanoplatelets were used, i.e., 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt%, while the fraction of glass fibers was kept constant at ~ 60 wt%. The dispersion of nanoplatelets was witnessed using scanning electron microscopy, while mechanical characterization was performed using tensile, compression, flexural, and shear tests. Homogeneous dispersion of nanoplatelets increased mechanical properties of the composites, i.e., tensile, compression, flexural, and shear strengths up to 75, 30, 23, and 36%, respectively; similar trend in moduli values was observed, i.e., 116, 126, and 38%, respectively. The increased bonding between glass fibers and Epoxy Matrix due to nanoplatelets was found to be the possible reason of the increase in mechanical performance of multiscale composites along with the generation of a nanocomposite of GNP-reinforced Epoxy to act as the Matrix. Graphical abstract
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mechanical performance of Epoxy Matrix hybrid nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes and nanodiamonds
Materials & Design, 2015Co-Authors: Tayyab Subhani, Sobia A. Rakha, Munaisra Latif, Iftikhar Ahmad, Aqeel A. KhurramAbstract:Abstract A novel class of Epoxy Matrix hybrid nanocomposites has been developed containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and nanodiamonds (NDs) to explore the combined effect of nanoreinforcements on the mechanical performance of nanocomposites. Both the nanofillers were functionalized before incorporating into Epoxy Matrix to promote interfacial interactions. The concentrations of both MWCNTs and NDs in the nanocomposites were increased systematically, i.e. 0.05 wt.%, 0.1 wt.% and 0.2 wt.% while composites containing individual nanoreinforcements were also manufactured for comparison. The developed nanocomposites were characterized microstructurally by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanically by tensile, flexural, impact and hardness tests. Homogeneous dispersion of MWCNTs and NDs was observed under SEM, which resulted in the enhancement of mechanical properties of nanocomposites. The composites containing 0.2 wt.% MWCNTs and 0.2 wt.% NDs showed 50% increase in hardness while tensile strength and modulus enhanced to 70% and 84%, respectively. Flexural strength and modulus also showed a rise of 104% and 56%, respectively. Interestingly, fracture strain also increased in both the tensile and flexural testing. The impact resistance increased to 161% showing a significant improvement in the toughness of hybrid nanocomposites.
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Thermal and ablative properties of binary carbon nanotube and nanodiamond reinforced carbon fibre Epoxy Matrix composites
Plastics Rubber and Composites, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad, Tayyab SubhaniAbstract:The thermal and ablative properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) and nanodiamond (ND) reinforced carbon fibre Epoxy Matrix composites were investigated by simulating shear forces and high temperatures using oxyacetylene torch apparatus. Three types of composite specimens—(i) carbon fibre Epoxy Matrix composite (CF/Epoxy), (ii) carbon fibre Epoxy Matrix composite containing 0.1 wt-% CNTs and 0.1 wt-% NDs, and (iii) carbon fibre Epoxy Matrix composite containing 0.2 wt-% CNTs and 0.2 wt-% NDs—were explored. The ablative response of composites was studied through pre- and post-burnt SEM analysis and further related with thermogravimetric analysis, weight loss profile and thermal conductivity measurements. The novel nanofiller composites showed marked improvement in their thermal and ablative properties. A 22% and 30% increase in thermal conductivity was observed for composites containing 0.1 wt-% CNTs/0.1 wt-% NDs and 0.2 wt-% CNTs/0.2 wt-% NDs respectively. These nanofillers also improved the thermal stability ...
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Effect of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes on the Ablative Properties of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad, Umar Farooq, Tayyab SubhaniAbstract:The effect of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the thermal and ablative properties of carbon fiber Epoxy Matrix composites was investigated. Thermochemical and oxidation reactions were found to dominate the ablation mechanism. Shear forces and high temperatures were produced using oxy-acetylene torch. Three types of composites were investigated: (a) carbon fiber Epoxy Matrix composites, (b) carbon fiber Epoxy Matrix composite containing 0.2wt% MWCNTs and (c) carbon fiber Epoxy Matrix composite containing 0.4wt% MWCNTs. Composites containing 0.2wt% MWCNTs showed 5.4% increase in erosion resistance, while composites containing 0.4wt% MWCNTs showed 9.6% increase in erosion resistance compared with carbon fiber Epoxy Matrix composites. Thermal conductivity increased with the addition of MWCNTs, i.e., 15 and 52% in composites containing 0.2 and 0.4wt% MWCNTs, respectively. Due to the addition of MWCNTs, the increased thermal conductivity of MWCNT-loaded Epoxy Matrix affected the ablation behavior of carbon fibers and resulted in gradual thinning of carbon fibers.
Arshad Munir - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reinforcement effect of nanodiamond on properties of Epoxy Matrix
Polymer Composites, 2013Co-Authors: Sobia A. Rakha, Aqeel A. Khurram, Tayyab Subhani, Arshad MunirAbstract:Epoxy/nanocrystalline diamond nanocomposites composites were prepared by dispersing ultrasonically, 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, and 4.0 wt. % acid treated nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) powder in Epoxy Matrix. Fourier infrared spectroscopy was utilized to study the moieties attached to the nanodiamond particles. The trace elements present in NCD powder before and after acid treatment were analyzed using ion beam techniques. Thermo-mechanical properties of the nanocomposites showed that incorporation of low content (0.4 wt. %) of nanodiamond powder into Epoxy Matrix enhanced the storage modulus, loss modulus and hardness by ~68%, ~55% and ~86% respectively over neat Epoxy. By increasing the concentration of modified NCD to 0.7 wt. % resulted in lower values of hardness and thermo-mechanical properties but still remain higher than neat Epoxy. An increasing trend in properties was again observed at 4 wt. % concentration of modified nanofiller. The improvement in storage modulus, loss modulus and hardness was ~57%, 105% and 70% respectively. The glass transition temperature was up shifted to ~110°C over neat Epoxy. The mechanisms responsible for enhanced properties of Epoxy Matrix are also discussed in detail.
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impact damage resistance of cfrp with nanoclay filled Epoxy Matrix
Composites Science and Technology, 2009Co-Authors: Kosar Iqbal, Shafi Ullah Khan, Arshad MunirAbstract:Abstract The influence of nanoclay on the impact damage resistance of carbon fibre–Epoxy composites has been investigated using the low-velocity impact and compression after impact (CAI) tests. The load–energy vs. time relations were analyzed to gain insight into the damage behaviours of the materials. The CFRPs containing organoclay brought about significant improvement in impact damage resistance and damage tolerance in the form of smaller damage area, higher residual strength and higher threshold energy level. The presence of nanoclay in the Epoxy Matrix induced the transition of failure mechanisms of CFRP laminates during the CAI test, from the brittle buckling mode to more ductile, multi-layer delamination mode. Addition of 3 wt% clay was shown to be an optimal content for the highest damage resistance.
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mode i interlaminar fracture behavior and mechanical properties of cfrps with nanoclay filled Epoxy Matrix
Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing, 2007Co-Authors: Christopher Ky Leung, Naveed A Siddiqui, Arshad MunirAbstract:Abstract The mechanical properties and fracture behavior of nanocomposites and carbon fiber composites (CFRPs) containing organoclay in the Epoxy Matrix have been investigated. Morphological studies using TEM and XRD revealed that the clay particles within the Epoxy resin were intercalated or orderly exfoliated. The organoclay brought about a significant improvement in flexural modulus, especially in the first few wt% of loading, and the improvement of flexural modulus was at the expense of a reduction in flexural strength. The quasi-static fracture toughness increased, whereas the impact fracture toughness dropped sharply with increasing the clay content. Flexural properties of CFRPs containing organoclay modified Epoxy Matrix generally followed the trend similar to the Epoxy nanocomposite although the variation was much smaller for the CFRPs. Both the initiation and propagation values of mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of CFRP composites increased with increasing clay concentration. In particular, the propagation fracture toughness almost doubled with 7 wt% clay loading. A strong correlation was established between the fracture toughness of organoclay-modified Epoxy Matrix and the CFRP composite interlaminar fracture toughness.
Soo-jin Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of Oxyfluorination on Geometrical Pull-Out Behavior of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites
Macromolecular Research, 2018Co-Authors: Soo-jin ParkAbstract:To improve the interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and an Epoxy Matrix, carbon fibers were modified by oxyfluorination at different temperature conditions. Surface analyses of the oxyfluorinated carbon fibers were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and dynamic contact angle measurements. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of a single carbon fiber/Epoxy Matrix was studied by employing single-fiber pull-out tests to confirm the interfacial adhesion. The pull-out behavior of the fiber from the Matrix was discussed based on the Greszczuk’s geometrical model. Functional groups such as C-F, C-O, and COOH were present on the carbon fiber surfaces after oxyfluorination. Moreover, the presence of functional groups increased the surface polarity of the fibers, resulting in an increase in the IFSS owing to the improvement of the interfacial adhesive strength between the carbon fibers and the Epoxy Matrix.
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Studies on Morphologies and Mechanical Properties of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes/Epoxy Matrix Composites
Bulletin of The Korean Chemical Society, 2010Co-Authors: Joon-hyung Byun, Soo-jin ParkAbstract:The mechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)-reinforced Epoxy Matrix composites with different weight percentages of MWNTs have been investigated. Also, the morphologies and failure behaviors of the composites after mechanical tests are studied by SEM and TEM analyses. As a result, the addition of MWNTs into the Epoxy Matrix has a remarkable effect on the mechanical properties. And the fracture surfaces of MWNTs/Epoxy composites after flexural strength tests show different failure mechanisms for the composites under different nanotube contents. Also, a chemical functionalization of MWNTs can be a useful tool to improve the dispersion of the nanotubes in an Epoxy system, resulting in increasing the mechanical properties of the composite materials studied.
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preparation and physical properties of hollow glass microspheres reinforced Epoxy Matrix resins
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2005Co-Authors: Soo-jin ParkAbstract:The surface free energies, thermal stabilities, electrical properties, and fracture behaviors of particulate composites were investigated using hollow glass microspheres lowly filled diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) as a model system. Diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) was used as a curing agent, and the weight content of filler range varied from 0 to 2 wt.%. The hollow glass microspheres-filled composites showed lower coefficient of thermal expansion than that of neat Epoxy resins. The dielectric constant of the composites was decreased with increasing the frequency and filler content. And the glass transition temperature and mechanical interfacial properties of the composites studied were significantly higher than those of neat Epoxy Matrix. This could be attributed to the introduction of hollow glass microspheres into the Epoxy resins, resulting in improving the interfacial interaction between the filler and the Epoxy Matrix in the composites.
Aqeel A. Khurram - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Improving the performance of conventional glass fiber Epoxy Matrix composites by incorporating nanodiamonds
Composite Interfaces, 2020Co-Authors: Usama Zaheer, Aqeel A. Khurram, Usama Zulfiqar, Tayyab SubhaniAbstract:AbstractMultiscale glass fiber Epoxy Matrix composites containing nanodiamonds were fabricated using vacuum bagging technique. Three different loadings of nanodiamonds were incorporated in Epoxy re...
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A treatise on multiscale glass fiber Epoxy Matrix composites containing graphene nanoplatelets
Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, 2018Co-Authors: Usama Zaheer, Aqeel A. Khurram, Tayyab SubhaniAbstract:Multiscale composites of Epoxy Matrix containing glass fibers and graphene nanoplatelets were prepared to investigate the effect of incorporating nanoplatelets upon the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the composites. Ozone-functionalized nanoplatelets were uniformly mixed in Epoxy before incorporating glass fabric in the composites and processed through vacuum molding. Three different loadings of nanoplatelets were used, i.e., 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt%, while the fraction of glass fibers was kept constant at ~ 60 wt%. The dispersion of nanoplatelets was witnessed using scanning electron microscopy, while mechanical characterization was performed using tensile, compression, flexural, and shear tests. Homogeneous dispersion of nanoplatelets increased mechanical properties of the composites, i.e., tensile, compression, flexural, and shear strengths up to 75, 30, 23, and 36%, respectively; similar trend in moduli values was observed, i.e., 116, 126, and 38%, respectively. The increased bonding between glass fibers and Epoxy Matrix due to nanoplatelets was found to be the possible reason of the increase in mechanical performance of multiscale composites along with the generation of a nanocomposite of GNP-reinforced Epoxy to act as the Matrix. Graphical abstract
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mechanical performance of Epoxy Matrix hybrid nanocomposites containing carbon nanotubes and nanodiamonds
Materials & Design, 2015Co-Authors: Tayyab Subhani, Sobia A. Rakha, Munaisra Latif, Iftikhar Ahmad, Aqeel A. KhurramAbstract:Abstract A novel class of Epoxy Matrix hybrid nanocomposites has been developed containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and nanodiamonds (NDs) to explore the combined effect of nanoreinforcements on the mechanical performance of nanocomposites. Both the nanofillers were functionalized before incorporating into Epoxy Matrix to promote interfacial interactions. The concentrations of both MWCNTs and NDs in the nanocomposites were increased systematically, i.e. 0.05 wt.%, 0.1 wt.% and 0.2 wt.% while composites containing individual nanoreinforcements were also manufactured for comparison. The developed nanocomposites were characterized microstructurally by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mechanically by tensile, flexural, impact and hardness tests. Homogeneous dispersion of MWCNTs and NDs was observed under SEM, which resulted in the enhancement of mechanical properties of nanocomposites. The composites containing 0.2 wt.% MWCNTs and 0.2 wt.% NDs showed 50% increase in hardness while tensile strength and modulus enhanced to 70% and 84%, respectively. Flexural strength and modulus also showed a rise of 104% and 56%, respectively. Interestingly, fracture strain also increased in both the tensile and flexural testing. The impact resistance increased to 161% showing a significant improvement in the toughness of hybrid nanocomposites.
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Reinforcement effect of nanodiamond on properties of Epoxy Matrix
Polymer Composites, 2013Co-Authors: Sobia A. Rakha, Aqeel A. Khurram, Tayyab Subhani, Arshad MunirAbstract:Epoxy/nanocrystalline diamond nanocomposites composites were prepared by dispersing ultrasonically, 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, and 4.0 wt. % acid treated nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) powder in Epoxy Matrix. Fourier infrared spectroscopy was utilized to study the moieties attached to the nanodiamond particles. The trace elements present in NCD powder before and after acid treatment were analyzed using ion beam techniques. Thermo-mechanical properties of the nanocomposites showed that incorporation of low content (0.4 wt. %) of nanodiamond powder into Epoxy Matrix enhanced the storage modulus, loss modulus and hardness by ~68%, ~55% and ~86% respectively over neat Epoxy. By increasing the concentration of modified NCD to 0.7 wt. % resulted in lower values of hardness and thermo-mechanical properties but still remain higher than neat Epoxy. An increasing trend in properties was again observed at 4 wt. % concentration of modified nanofiller. The improvement in storage modulus, loss modulus and hardness was ~57%, 105% and 70% respectively. The glass transition temperature was up shifted to ~110°C over neat Epoxy. The mechanisms responsible for enhanced properties of Epoxy Matrix are also discussed in detail.
Sergio Neves Monteiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Charpy Impact Tests in Epoxy Matrix Composites Reinforced with Continuous Sisal Fiber
Materials Science Forum, 2020Co-Authors: Sergio Neves Monteiro, Frederico Muylaert Margem, Artur Camposo Pereira, Noan Tonini Simonassi, Michel Picanço OliveiraAbstract:The objective of this work was to investigate the toughness behavior of Epoxy Matrix composites reinforced with up to 30% in volume of long, continuous and aligned sisal fibers by means of Charpy impact tests. The addition of sisal fibers results in a visible improvement in the energy absorption ability of the composites. Macroscopic observation of the post-impacted specimens and the SEM fracture analysis showed that longitudinal rupture through the sisal fiber interface with the Epoxy Matrix is the main mechanism for the higher toughness attended by these composites.
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Characterization of Epoxy Matrix Reinforced with Banana Fibers Thermal Properties by Photoacoustic Technique
Materials Science Forum, 2020Co-Authors: Foluke Salgado De Assis, Fábio De Oliveira Braga, Frederico Muylaert Margem, Pedro Amoy Netto, Roberto Da Trindade Faria Jr., Thallis Custódia Cordeiro, Sergio Neves MonteiroAbstract:Synthetic fibers are being replaced gradually by natural materials such as lignocellulosic fibers. Compared to synthetic fibers, natural fibers have shown advantages in environmental, societal, economical and technical aspects. Thus, there is a growing worldwide interest in the use of those fibers. The banana fiber, extracted from the pseudo-stem of the plant, displays significant properties yet to be studied. Few thermal properties on banana fiber as reinforcement of Epoxy Matrix were fully evaluated. Therefore, the present work had as its objective to investigate, by photoacoustic spectroscopy and photothermal techniques the thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of Epoxy composites reinforced with banana fibers .The Epoxy Matrix was added with up to 30% in volume of continuous and aligned banana fibers. The results indicated that these composites have good insulation capacity.
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Ballistic Tests of Epoxy Matrix Composites Reinforced with Arapaima Fish Scales
Green Materials Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Luís Carlos Da Silva, Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes, Michelle Souza Oliveira, Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra, Sergio Neves MonteiroAbstract:Arapaima fish, also known as pirarucu in Amazonian region, has strong and hard scales for protection against predators. The objective of this work is to investigate the ballistic efficiency of Epoxy Matrix composites reinforced with arapaima fish scales as second layer in multilayer armor. Multilayered armor systems have been widely used as ballistic armor, due to the contribution of the mechanical properties each layer of the system make has to absorb the kinetic energy of a projectile. The first layer generates ceramic fragments after the projectile impact. The second layer formed by the composite under study retains the fragments of the projectile and the ceramic while the last layer made of an aluminum alloy absorbs the residual energy by means of plastic deformation of the aluminum. The tests were carried out on three reinforced composites with 30% arapaima scales, in which a penetrating into the target was measured at the deformation in a clay witness. A 7.62 mm ammunition was used. The results indicate that Epoxy Matrix composites reinforced with arapaima fish scales display a ballistic performance comparable to Kevlar and natural fiber composites as MAS second layer.
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Performance of Epoxy Matrix Reinforced with Fique Fibers in Pullout Tests
The Minerals Metals & Materials Series, 2019Co-Authors: Michelle Souza Oliveira, Artur Camposo Pereira, Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes, Sergio Neves MonteiroAbstract:Natural lignocellulosic fibers are successfully replacing synthetic fibers as the reinforcement phase of composite materials in many engineering applications, from automotive parts to building construction and ballistic elements. In addition to well-known conventional lignocellulosic fibers, others with promising properties, like that obtained from the leaves of the fique plant (Furcraea andina), are now being considered. The interface between a composite Matrix and the reinforcing fiber plays an important role in the efficiency by which an applied load is transmitted throughout the composite structure. In the present work, pullout tests were used to evaluate the interfacial shear stress of fique fiber in Epoxy Matrix composites. The results have shown that the naturally bonded filaments that constitute a fique fiber present interspatial voids between them. These voids play an important role in providing adherence of the fiber surface to a Epoxy Matrix, resulting in an effective reinforcement for a fique-strengthened composite.
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Piassava Fiber as an Epoxy Matrix Composite Reinforcement for Ballistic Armor Applications
JOM, 2018Co-Authors: Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Sergio Neves MonteiroAbstract:The ballistic performance of piassava fiber-reinforced Epoxy Matrix composites was evaluated as an intermediate layer in multilayered armor systems (MASs). The composites were produced varying the volumetric fractions of piassava fibers, in a range of 10–50 vol.%, embedded in DGEBA/TETA as the Epoxy Matrix. These composites were adhesive bonded to a MAS composed of a frontal Al2O3 ceramic tile and an aluminum sheet alloy as the third layer. Ballistic tests were conducted using 7.62-mm-high velocity ammunition. The evaluation of the ballistic performance of the system was measured by the depth of penetration caused in a clay witness, which simulates the consistency of the human body, in accordance to some requirements of the NIJ standard 0101.06. The fractured materials were analyzed after the ballistic tests by scanning electron microscopy. The ballistic results showed that MASs using piassava fiber composites as a second layer are within the depth of penetration bounds to be considered as an efficient protection. This indicates that piassava fiber, a green material, is a promising material to be used in composites for ballistic armor applications.