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Qian Zhengming - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluation of the Equilibrium Level in economic growth under influence of external debt
    Journal of economics and sustainable development, 2015
    Co-Authors: Adam Hessain Yagoob, Qian Zhengming
    Abstract:

    This paper is an attempt to develop Cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM) that evaluates the effect of external debt sustainability on economic growth of Sudan; then, compares the long run relationship between external debt and economic growth. The compatibility of the two methods together will be assessed in comparing the results. The data retrieved from World Development Indicators (WDI) of The World Bank for the period 1978-2011. The empirical results showed that trade openness, inflation, capital formation and measures of external debt sustainability have a significant impact on the economic growth of Sudan. Furthermore, this result is confirmed by the estimates of both Johansen Cointegration and Engle Granger error correction method. However, the later showed that initially, effect of the changes in the explanatory variables on economic growth is above the Equilibrium. The Equilibrium Level is achieved extremely slowly as the speed of adjustment in economic growth is found to be a fraction of zero. Keywords: Sudan, Economic Growth, Cointegration, External Debt, Error Correction, Sustainability

  • evaluation of the Equilibrium Level in economic growth under influence of external debt
    Social Science Research Network, 2015
    Co-Authors: Adam Hessain Yagoob, Qian Zhengming
    Abstract:

    This paper is an attempt to develop Cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM) that evaluates the effect of external debt sustainability on economic growth of Sudan; then, compares the long run relationship between external debt and economic growth. The compatibility of the two methods together will be assessed in comparing the results. The data retrieved from World Development Indicators (WDI) of The World Bank for the period 1978-2011. The empirical results showed that trade openness, inflation, capital formation and measures of external debt sustainability have a significant impact on the economic growth of Sudan. Furthermore, this result is confirmed by the estimates of both Johansen Cointegration and Engle Granger error correction method. However, the later showed that initially, effect of the changes in the explanatory variables on economic growth is above the Equilibrium. The Equilibrium Level is achieved extremely slowly as the speed of adjustment in economic growth is found to be a fraction of zero.

Sudesh Yadav - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • self assembled hybrid nanoflowers of manganese phosphate and l arabinose isomerase a stable and recyclable nanobiocatalyst for Equilibrium Level conversion of d galactose to d tagatose
    ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2018
    Co-Authors: Shushil Kumar Rai, Lokesh Kumar Narnoliya, Rajender S. Sangwan, Sudesh Yadav
    Abstract:

    We report on the synthesis and characterization of a novel hybrid nanoflower of manganese and l-arabinose isomerase and its application in synthesis of d-tagatose, a rare sugar of high commercial value. An open reading frame of 1425 base pairs from Lactobacillus sakai was used to synthesis recombinant l-arabinose isomerase of 474 amino acids in E. coli. A hierarchical flower-like spherical structure with several nanopetals was self-assembled by using purified recombinant l-arabinose isomerase as the organic component and manganese phosphate as the inorganic component. The hybrid nanoflower was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Circular dichroism documented no change in structural properties of l-arabinose isomerase assembled in the hybrid nanoflower. Kinetic parameters of l-arabinose isomerase were improved ...

Enrico Moretti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the political economy of intergenerational income mobility
    Economic Inquiry, 2011
    Co-Authors: Andrea Ichino, Loukas Karabarbounis, Enrico Moretti
    Abstract:

    The intergenerational elasticity of income is considered one of the best measures of the degree to which a society gives equal opportunity to its members. While much research has been devoted to measuring this reduced-form parameter, less is known about its underlying structural determinants. Using a model with exogenous talent endowments, endogenous parental investment in children, and endogenous redistributive institutions, we identify the structural parameters that govern the intergenerational elasticity of income. The model clarifies how the interaction between private and collective decisions determines the Equilibrium Level of social mobility. Two societies with similar economic and biological fundamentals may have vastly different degrees of intergenerational mobility depending on their political institutions. We offer empirical evidence in line with the predictions of the model. We conclude that international comparisons of intergenerational elasticity of income are not particularly informative about fairness without taking into account differences in politico-economic institutions. (JEL E24, J62, J68, P16)

  • the political economy of intergenerational income mobility
    National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: Andrea Ichino, Loukas Karabarbounis, Enrico Moretti
    Abstract:

    The intergenerational elasticity of income is considered one of the best measures of the degree to which a society gives equal opportunity to its members. While much research has been devoted to measuring this reduced-form parameter, less is known about its underlying structural determinants. Using a model with exogenous talent endowments, endogenous parental investment in children and endogenous redistributive institutions, we identify the structural parameters that govern the intergenerational elasticity of income. The model clarifies how the interaction between private and collective decisions determines the Equilibrium Level of social mobility. Two societies with similar economic and biological fundamentals may have vastly different degrees of intergenerational mobility depending on their political institutions. We offer empirical evidence in line with the predictions of the model. We conclude that international comparisons of intergenerational elasticity of income are not particularly informative about fairness without taking into account differences in politico-economic institutions.

Adam Hessain Yagoob - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluation of the Equilibrium Level in economic growth under influence of external debt
    Journal of economics and sustainable development, 2015
    Co-Authors: Adam Hessain Yagoob, Qian Zhengming
    Abstract:

    This paper is an attempt to develop Cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM) that evaluates the effect of external debt sustainability on economic growth of Sudan; then, compares the long run relationship between external debt and economic growth. The compatibility of the two methods together will be assessed in comparing the results. The data retrieved from World Development Indicators (WDI) of The World Bank for the period 1978-2011. The empirical results showed that trade openness, inflation, capital formation and measures of external debt sustainability have a significant impact on the economic growth of Sudan. Furthermore, this result is confirmed by the estimates of both Johansen Cointegration and Engle Granger error correction method. However, the later showed that initially, effect of the changes in the explanatory variables on economic growth is above the Equilibrium. The Equilibrium Level is achieved extremely slowly as the speed of adjustment in economic growth is found to be a fraction of zero. Keywords: Sudan, Economic Growth, Cointegration, External Debt, Error Correction, Sustainability

  • evaluation of the Equilibrium Level in economic growth under influence of external debt
    Social Science Research Network, 2015
    Co-Authors: Adam Hessain Yagoob, Qian Zhengming
    Abstract:

    This paper is an attempt to develop Cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM) that evaluates the effect of external debt sustainability on economic growth of Sudan; then, compares the long run relationship between external debt and economic growth. The compatibility of the two methods together will be assessed in comparing the results. The data retrieved from World Development Indicators (WDI) of The World Bank for the period 1978-2011. The empirical results showed that trade openness, inflation, capital formation and measures of external debt sustainability have a significant impact on the economic growth of Sudan. Furthermore, this result is confirmed by the estimates of both Johansen Cointegration and Engle Granger error correction method. However, the later showed that initially, effect of the changes in the explanatory variables on economic growth is above the Equilibrium. The Equilibrium Level is achieved extremely slowly as the speed of adjustment in economic growth is found to be a fraction of zero.

Lucio Sarno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • viewpoint towards a solution to the puzzles in exchange rate economics where do we stand
    2005
    Co-Authors: Lucio Sarno
    Abstract:

    This paper provides a selective overview of puzzles in exchange rate economics. We begin with the forward bias puzzle: high interest rate currencies appreciate when one might guess that investors would demand higher interest rates on currencies expected to fall in value. We then analyse the purchasing power parity puzzle: the real exchange rate displays no (strong) reversion to a stable long-run Equilibrium Level. Finally, we cover the exchange rate disconnect puzzle: the lack of a link between the nominal exchange rate and economic fundamentals. For each puzzle, we critically review the literature and speculate on potential solutions.

  • towards a solution to the puzzles in exchange rate economics where do we stand
    2005
    Co-Authors: Lucio Sarno
    Abstract:

    This paper provides a selective overview of puzzles in exchange rate economics. We begin with the forward bias puzzle: high interest rate currencies appreciate when one might guess that investors would demand higher interest rates on currencies expected to fall in value. We then analyze the purchasing power parity puzzle: the real exchange rate displays no (strong) reversion to a stable long-run Equilibrium Level. Finally, we cover the exchange rate disconnect puzzle: the lack of a link between the nominal exchange rate and economic fundamentals. For each puzzle, we critically review the literature and speculate on potential solutions.

  • purchasing power parity and the real exchange rate
    IMF Staff Papers, 2001
    Co-Authors: Lucio Sarno, Mark P. Taylor
    Abstract:

    We assess the progress made by the profession in understanding real exchange rate behaviour, through a selective and critical but nonetheless expository review of the literature. Our reading of the literature leads us to the main conclusions that purchasing power parity might be viewed as a valid long-run international parity condition when applied to bilateral exchange rates among major industrialized countries and that also means reversion in real exchange rates displays significant non-linearities. Further work investigating the effects of real shocks on the long-run Equilibrium Level also seems warranted.

  • purchasing power parity and the real exchange rate
    IMF Staff Papers, 2001
    Co-Authors: Lucio Sarno, Mark P. Taylor
    Abstract:

    We assess the progress made by the profession in understanding real exchange rate behavior through a selective and critical, but nonetheless expository, review of the literature. Our reading of the literature leads us to the main conclusions that purchasing power parity might be viewed as a valid long-run international parity condition when applied to bilateral exchange rates obtaining among major industrialized countries, and that mean reversion in real exchange rates displays significant nonlinearities. However, further work investigating the effects of real shocks on the long-run Equilibrium Level also seems warranted. Copyright 2002, International Monetary Fund