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Anne Neville - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of high shear inhibitor performance in co2 containing flow induced Corrosion and Erosion Corrosion environments in the presence and absence of iron carbonate films
Wear, 2018Co-Authors: E V Senatore, Richard Barker, Yong Hua, Wassim Taleb, Joshua Owen, J Ponciano A C Gomes, Anne NevilleAbstract:Abstract Carbon steel pipeline degradation occurs as a result of Erosion-Corrosion during oil and gas production. Sand particles contribute to this effect when they are present in conjunction with a high flow velocity. In carbon dioxide (CO2) environments, and under certain conditions, the Corrosion rate of the steel can be reduced by the formation of a protective iron carbonate (FeCO3) layer. This work assesses the ability of FeCO3 to protect the underlying steel in flow-induced Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion environments. Autoclave tests are performed at 60 °C and 100 bar in a 1 wt%NaCl CO2-saturated solution for a duration of 48 h to develop 60 µm thick FeCO3 films. The film-covered samples were then transferred into a submerged impinging jet (SIJ) apparatus to assess their ability to resist both flow-induced Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion environments at 25 °C and a flow velocity of 15 m/s (both with and without 1000 mg/L sand). Tests were also conducted in the presence of a commercially available Corrosion inhibitor to evaluate the interaction. Results indicate that the FeCO3 layer is able to considerably suppress Corrosion of the carbon steel substrate. Experiments in the presence of both the FeCO3 film and Corrosion inhibitor demonstrated that there is a notable synergistic effect between these two components in providing resistance to Erosion-Corrosion.
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Erosion Corrosion behaviour of lean duplex stainless steels in 3 5 nacl solution
Wear, 2013Co-Authors: S Aribo, Richard Barker, Anne NevilleAbstract:Abstract The interaction between Corrosion and Erosion has often been a subject of debate among scientists and engineers. The total material degradation when Corrosion and Erosion interact is often more than the individual components acting separately. Much effort has been directed towards the study of Erosion–Corrosion behaviour of carbon steels, standard austenitic and duplex stainless steels, highly alloyed austenitic and super duplex stainless steels. However, the subject of Erosion–Corrosion of lean duplex stainless steels is still rarely reported. This present work studies the Erosion–Corrosion behaviour of lean duplex stainless steels UNS S32304 and UNS S32101 in an aerated 3.5% NaCl environment. The Erosion–Corrosion behaviour of these alloys is compared with an austenitic stainless steel, UNS S30403 and a duplex stainless steel, UNS S32205. Sub-surface microstructure modifications induced by work-hardening as a result of the sand impingement were analysed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results show that lean duplex stainless steels, UNS S32101 and UNS S32304, have higher resistance to pure Erosion than UNS S30403 and UNS S32205; better Erosion–Corrosion resistance than UNS S30403 austenitic stainless steel; and equivalent Erosion–Corrosion resistance to UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel. Also, Erosion with 500 mg/l sand at 15 m/s in de-aerated tap water was able to cause subsurface deformation, phase transformation and an increase in hardness on the stainless steels.
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Inhibition of Flow-Induced Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion for Carbon Steel Pipe Work from an Offshore Oil and Gas Facility
Corrosion, 2013Co-Authors: Richard Barker, Xinming Hu, Anne Neville, Susan CushnaghanAbstract:A flow-induced Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion investigation was conducted to determine the degradation rates and mechanisms that had been experienced in service in the pipe work of an offshore facility. The investigation reviewed the flow-induced Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion performance of the carbon steel parent metal of the pipe work in comparison to the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the nickel-molybdenum weld material. The program of experiments assessed the potential of two Corrosion inhibitors to control adequately the material degradation caused by static Corrosion, flow-induced Corrosion, and Erosion-Corrosion on the three regions. Static Corrosion tests were performed using linear polarization in carbon dioxide (CO2)-saturated conditions. Flow-induced Corrosion and Erosion-Corrosion experiments were conducted using a submerged impinging jet (SIJ) in CO2-saturated conditions at a fluid velocity of 7 m/s with sand loadings of 0 mg/L and 100 mg/L. The effects of flow-induced Corrosion and Erosion-...
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co2 Erosion Corrosion of pipeline steel api x65 in oil and gas conditions a systematic approach
Wear, 2009Co-Authors: Anne NevilleAbstract:Abstract A systematic study of pipeline steel (API X65) degradation due to Erosion–Corrosion containing sand in a CO 2 saturated environment has been carried out. This work focuses on the total material loss, Corrosion, Erosion and their interactions (synergy) as a function of environmental parameters (temperature, flow velocity and sand content) to enable the critical conditions, which move the damage mechanism from a flow-induced Corrosion regime to Erosion–Corrosion regime, to be determined. The experimental results show that the effect of Corrosion in enhancing Erosion, often referred to as the synergy, is significant and accounts for a high proportion of the deviation of measured material loss from the prediction derived from established CO 2 Corrosion models. Ways forward to improve Erosion–Corrosion prediction are discussed.
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an experimental study of the Erosion Corrosion behavior of plasma transferred arc mmcs
Wear, 2009Co-Authors: J F Flores, Anne Neville, N Kapur, A GnanaveluAbstract:Abstract Handing highly concentrated slurries is a common occurrence in the mining, oilsands and fertilizers industries among others. The combination of erosive and corrosive processes due to the presence of sand and mineral particles flowing in a corrosive fluid produces a high degradation rate of the hydrotransport equipment. Hardfacing overlays such as metal matrix composites (MMCs) can be used to protect equipment subjected to an Erosion–Corrosion process. The combination of a ductile matrix and a reinforcing hard phase makes them good candidates for these applications. The Erosion–Corrosion behavior of two tungsten carbide (WC)-MMCs is studied in this paper. Two variations of the NiCrBSi matrix with different concentration of chromium (Cr), carbon (C) and boron (B) were evaluated with and without reinforcing hard phase. The Erosion–Corrosion behavior was evaluated as a function of sand concentration and temperature. To determine the influence of the mechanical degradation the study was conducted using 1 and 5 wt.% sand concentration. The overlays were evaluated at 20 and 65 °C and the velocity was kept at 14 m/s. Surface analysis was carried out to establish the degradation mechanisms after the Erosion–Corrosion tests. The two matrix materials showed differences in the microstructure, microhardness and Erosion–Corrosion resistance. The MMC with the harder matrix showed the lower mass loss and the erosive degradation was predominant in the overall Erosion–Corrosion process at the lower temperature. A different behavior was observed when the temperature of the testing solution was increased and a low sand concentration was used. Comparisons are made between the Erosion–Corrosion mechanisms of the two MMCs and the influence of the matrix in the overall degradation process is explained.
Yunpu Zheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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on the critical flow velocity for Erosion Corrosion of ni based alloys in a saline sand solution
Wear, 2020Co-Authors: J Z Yi, Zhinan Wang, H X Hu, Yunpu ZhengAbstract:Abstract Critical flow velocity (CFV) is an effective parameter to evaluate the Erosion-Corrosion property of passive material. The CFV accumulation for different passive materials contributes to the material selection of hydraulic equipment applied in multiphase flow environments. In this paper, the CFV behaviors of Inconel 600, Inconel 625 and Incoloy 825 under impingement by a saline-sand solution have been investigated by potentiostatic polarization methods and mass loss tests. In addition, the repassivation behaviors of three Ni-based alloys were studied by a self-made indentation apparatus to clarify the CFV mechanism for Erosion-Corrosion. The results show that the CFV values are 13 m/s for Inconel 600, 14 m/s for Inconel 625 and 14 m/s for Incoloy 825, respectively. The higher CFV values for Inconel 625 and Incoloy 825 are mainly based on their higher repassivation rates compared with Inconel 600. The addition of Cr and Mo elements for Ni-based alloy can remarkably improve the repassivation rate, and then increase the CFV value.
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effects of surface treatments on the Corrosion and Erosion Corrosion of 304 stainless steel in 3 5 nacl solution
Corrosion Science, 2016Co-Authors: Z B Zheng, Yunpu ZhengAbstract:Abstract Effects of citric acid treatment, nitric acid treatment and potentiostatic treatment on the Corrosion resistance and Erosion-Corrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution containing 2 wt.% sand particles have been investigated by electrochemical methods. The result indicates that all treatments contribute to a significant improvement of Corrosion resistance due to the formation of a Cr oxide-rich passive film. However, only citric acid treatment increases the critical flow velocity and Erosion-Corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel under impingement. Passive film formed on the nitric acid treated stainless steel is easily destroyed by sand particles.
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Erosion Corrosion behavior of electroless ni p coating on copper nickel alloy in 3 5 wt sodium chloride solution
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2014Co-Authors: Bingzheng Jiang, S L Jiang, A L, Yunpu ZhengAbstract:The present investigation concerns electroless Ni-P coatings prepared onto the copper-nickel alloy (CuNi 90/10) to enhance the Erosion-Corrosion resistance. X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical methods were utilized to study the heat treatment effects on the Erosion-Corrosion resistance and the physical properties of the coatings. The results indicated that both the as-plated and coating with post-heat treatment (PHT) showed much higher self-passivation ability and much lower current densities than that of the copper-nickel alloy (CuNi 90/10). XRD results showed that both the as-plated and coating with PHT had amorphous structure and the effect of PHT at 190 °C on the structure of Ni-P coating was not significant. Compared with coating with PHT, the as-plated exhibited lower Erosion-Corrosion resistance due to some small pits and cracks. The coating with PHT demonstrated significant improvement of Erosion-Corrosion resistance in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, which was attributed to better protective film, lower porosity of coatings, and high micro-hardness compared with Ni-P coating without PHT.
Margaret Stack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mapping Erosion Corrosion of carbon steel in oil water solutions effect of velocity and applied potential
Wear, 2012Co-Authors: Margaret Stack, Ghaith AbdulrahmanAbstract:Abstract In this study, the Erosion–Corrosion performance of carbon steel was investigated in crude oil, reservoir water, and a mixture of both solutions at a range of applied potentials, velocities and impact angle. The application of such work is to upstream and downstream oilfield conditions, where the proportions of hydrocarbon and water may vary during the extraction process over time. Following exposure of the carbon steel in the crude oil, the extent of Erosion was greater than that of Corrosion, whilst in the reservoir water, the Erosion and Corrosion contributions were similar. Regimes of Erosion–Corrosion were proposed based on the variation in Erosion behaviour at various impact angles and applied potentials in the environments studied. Mechanistic changes were identified on Erosion–Corrosion maps as a function of velocity and applied potential at various impact angles, indicating important transitions in Erosion–Corrosion processes in the oil/water environments.
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mapping Erosion Corrosion of carbon steel in oil exploration conditions some new approaches to characterizing mechanisms and synergies
Tribology International, 2010Co-Authors: Margaret Stack, G H AbdulrahmenAbstract:Erosion by solid particles in oil/water slurries is a technologically important area. In such conditions, it is necessary to distinguish between the effects of the sand, aqueous environment, and the oil. Erosion-Corrosion maps provide a means of identification between Erosion-Corrosion regimes as a function of Erosion and Corrosion parameters. However, there has been no work carried out to map the effects of parameters in oil/water slurries. This paper investigates the effect of Erosion-Corrosion on carbon steel in oil field production and maps the results. Distinctions between "synergistic" and "additive" Erosion-Corrosion behaviour are superimposed on the maps in the various environments.
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a new methodology for modelling Erosion Corrosion regimes on real surfaces gliding down the galvanic series for a range of metal Corrosion systems
Wear, 2010Co-Authors: Margaret Stack, Shehab Abdelrahman, B D JanaAbstract:Abstract Erosion–Corrosion of materials in aqueous environments is a complex phenomenon involving a very large number of variables. In such cases, characteristics of the target, particle and the environment affect the degradation mechanism. Predicting material behaviour may sometimes be a “black art” due to the parameter size which is involved in such processes. In studies of Erosion–Corrosion, there have been significant advances in the modelling of such processes in recent years. Various methodologies employed include quasi-static modelling, using CFD modelling and Erosion–Corrosion mapping. In such cases, the output of the various models can differ significantly. In this work, a methodology combining CFD modelling and Erosion–Corrosion mapping has been developed to model the Erosion–Corrosion behaviour of pure metals, which variously passivate and dissolve under a range of simulated conditions. This provides a means of mapping the component undergoing Erosion–Corrosion and thus is a step change on previous modelling work in this area as it enables superimposition of the Erosion–Corrosion map on real surfaces. The relative advantages and limitations of this approach are discussed in this paper.
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crn nbn coatings deposited by hipims a preliminary study of Erosion Corrosion performance
Surface & Coatings Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Yashodhan Purandare, Margaret Stack, A P Ehiasarian, Eh P HovsepianAbstract:Nanoscale CrN/NbN multilayer PVD coatings have exhibited resistance to Erosion–Corrosion. However growth defects (under dense structures and droplets) in the coating produced by some deposition technologies reduce the ability to offer combined Erosion–Corrosion resistance. In this work a novel High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HIPIMS) technique has been utilised to pretreat substrates and deposit dense nanoscale CrN/NbN PVD coatings (HIPIMS–HIPIMS technique). This new technique, rich with metal ion plasma, deposits very dense structures and offers virtually defect free coatings (free of droplets as observed in cathodic arc technique and under-dense structures observed in standard dc sputtering). Plasma diagnostic studies revealed a high metal ion-to-gas ion ratio (Cr:Ar) of 3:1 for HIPIMS pretreatment conditions with the detection of 14% Cr2+ and 1% Cr3+ ions and Js of 155 mAcm− 2. For deposition conditions the metal ion-to-gas ratio was approximately 1:4 which is significantly higher compared to DC at 1:30. Characterisation results revealed a high adhesion of LC 80 N, high hardness of 34 GPa and Young's modulus of 381 GPa. Low friction coefficient (0.46) and dry sliding wear coefficient, KC (1.22 × 10− 15 m3Nm− 1) were recorded. The effect of deposition technique (droplet defect and intergranular void free coatings) on Erosion–Corrosion resistance of CrN/NbN coatings has been evaluated by subjecting the coatings to a slurry impingement (Na2CO3 + NaHCO3 buffer solution with Al2O3 particles of size 500–700 µm) at 90° impact angle with a velocity of 4 ms− 1. Experiments have been carried at − 1000 mV, + 300 mV and + 700 mV representing 3 different Corrosion conditions.
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some comments on mapping the combined effects of slurry concentration impact velocity and electrochemical potential on the Erosion Corrosion of wc co cr coatings
Wear, 2008Co-Authors: Margaret Stack, T Abd M ElbadiaAbstract:Materials exposed to aqueous slurry environments must not only resist the impact of solid particles and the flowing environment but also the degradation caused by electrochemical Corrosion. In this study, the combined effects of slurry particle concentration and velocity on the Erosion-Corrosion of a WC/Co-Cr coating were assessed at a range of electrochemical potentials in a synthetic sea water solution containing sand particles and compared to the performance of a mild steel exposed to similar conditions. The Erosion and Corrosion contributions and their interactions were evaluated for the materials. The results indicated that the Erosion-Corrosion mechanism of the coating and the mild steel showed significant differences when particle velocity and concentration were increased at various potentials. For both materials, degradation mechanisms were identified and superimposed on Erosion-Corrosion maps. Maps indicating levels of wastage, extent of synergy between the processes and the optimum material performance were also generated as part of this study. Scanning electron microscopy was used to confirm the degradation regimes and mechanisms of material removal during the Erosion-Corrosion process.
A. A. Shipkov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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principles of development and specific features relating to practical application of software for solving problems connected with Erosion Corrosion of metal in power engineering
Thermal Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: G. V. Tomarov, A. A. ShipkovAbstract:Principles used in the development of modern computation codes for calculating Erosion-Corrosion of power equipment are considered. Specific features of their practical applications aimed at preventing, revealing, and eliminating Erosion-Corrosion thinning of the metal of elements used in the units of power stations are analyzed. Results obtained from using the domestically developed computation code RAMEK for operating power units are presented and prospects for implementing it in designing new power units of nuclear power stations are determined.
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improvement and optimization of techniques for monitoring Erosion Corrosion wear of equipment and pipelines at nuclear power stations
Thermal Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: V. N. Lovchev, D. F. Gutsev, G. V. Tomarov, A. A. ShipkovAbstract:We present the concept and main purposes of the Comprehensive Program of Measures on Preventing Failures and Improving the Operational Erosion-Corrosion Resistance of Equipment and Pipelines at Nuclear Power Stations developed at Rosenergoatom, as well as the first results obtained from work on implementing this program. We also describe new approaches, principles, and methods for identifying the dominating mechanism of thinning, for evaluating and extending residual Erosion-Corrosion service life, and for carrying out calculated-analytical justification of making corrections to typical programs for operational surveillance of the metal of nuclear power station pipelines and equipment. Practical possibilities of using the RAMEK software system for simulating local Erosion-Corrosion processes occurring in the metal of a condensate-feedwater path are demonstrated taking as an example the results of a study on determining factors and dominating mechanism that caused thinning to occur in the metal of the line bypassing the feedwater pipeline of a nuclear power station unit.
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improvement and optimization of techniques for monitoring Erosion Corrosion wear of equipment and pipelines at nuclear power stations
Thermal Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: V. N. Lovchev, D. F. Gutsev, G. V. Tomarov, A. A. ShipkovAbstract:We present the concept and main purposes of the Comprehensive Program of Measures on Preventing Failures and Improving the Operational Erosion-Corrosion Resistance of Equipment and Pipelines at Nuclear Power Stations developed at Rosenergoatom, as well as the first results obtained from work on implementing this program. We also describe new approaches, principles, and methods for identifying the dominating mechanism of thinning, for evaluating and extending residual Erosion-Corrosion service life, and for carrying out calculated-analytical justification of making corrections to typical programs for operational surveillance of the metal of nuclear power station pipelines and equipment. Practical possibilities of using the RAMEK software system for simulating local Erosion-Corrosion processes occurring in the metal of a condensate-feedwater path are demonstrated taking as an example the results of a study on determining factors and dominating mechanism that caused thinning to occur in the metal of the line bypassing the feedwater pipeline of a nuclear power station unit.
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making the tube system s fitting parts of the low pressure evaporators used in the heat recovery boilers of combined cycle units more resistant to Erosion Corrosion wear during operation
Thermal Engineering, 2008Co-Authors: G. V. Tomarov, A. A. Shipkov, Yu V Petrov, O A Dovgii, V N Semenov, A V MikhailovAbstract:We present the results of calculation-analytical investigations into the effect of various parameters and factors on the rate of wear in the tube system elements of low-pressure evaporators used in the heat-recovery boilers of combined-cycle plants. Factors causing damage to these elements are established, and the dominating mechanism through which this damage occurs (Erosion-Corrosion) is determined. Measures for making the tube systems of combined-cycle plants more resistant to Erosion-Corrosion wear are proposed.
G. V. Tomarov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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principles of development and specific features relating to practical application of software for solving problems connected with Erosion Corrosion of metal in power engineering
Thermal Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: G. V. Tomarov, A. A. ShipkovAbstract:Principles used in the development of modern computation codes for calculating Erosion-Corrosion of power equipment are considered. Specific features of their practical applications aimed at preventing, revealing, and eliminating Erosion-Corrosion thinning of the metal of elements used in the units of power stations are analyzed. Results obtained from using the domestically developed computation code RAMEK for operating power units are presented and prospects for implementing it in designing new power units of nuclear power stations are determined.
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improvement and optimization of techniques for monitoring Erosion Corrosion wear of equipment and pipelines at nuclear power stations
Thermal Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: V. N. Lovchev, D. F. Gutsev, G. V. Tomarov, A. A. ShipkovAbstract:We present the concept and main purposes of the Comprehensive Program of Measures on Preventing Failures and Improving the Operational Erosion-Corrosion Resistance of Equipment and Pipelines at Nuclear Power Stations developed at Rosenergoatom, as well as the first results obtained from work on implementing this program. We also describe new approaches, principles, and methods for identifying the dominating mechanism of thinning, for evaluating and extending residual Erosion-Corrosion service life, and for carrying out calculated-analytical justification of making corrections to typical programs for operational surveillance of the metal of nuclear power station pipelines and equipment. Practical possibilities of using the RAMEK software system for simulating local Erosion-Corrosion processes occurring in the metal of a condensate-feedwater path are demonstrated taking as an example the results of a study on determining factors and dominating mechanism that caused thinning to occur in the metal of the line bypassing the feedwater pipeline of a nuclear power station unit.
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improvement and optimization of techniques for monitoring Erosion Corrosion wear of equipment and pipelines at nuclear power stations
Thermal Engineering, 2009Co-Authors: V. N. Lovchev, D. F. Gutsev, G. V. Tomarov, A. A. ShipkovAbstract:We present the concept and main purposes of the Comprehensive Program of Measures on Preventing Failures and Improving the Operational Erosion-Corrosion Resistance of Equipment and Pipelines at Nuclear Power Stations developed at Rosenergoatom, as well as the first results obtained from work on implementing this program. We also describe new approaches, principles, and methods for identifying the dominating mechanism of thinning, for evaluating and extending residual Erosion-Corrosion service life, and for carrying out calculated-analytical justification of making corrections to typical programs for operational surveillance of the metal of nuclear power station pipelines and equipment. Practical possibilities of using the RAMEK software system for simulating local Erosion-Corrosion processes occurring in the metal of a condensate-feedwater path are demonstrated taking as an example the results of a study on determining factors and dominating mechanism that caused thinning to occur in the metal of the line bypassing the feedwater pipeline of a nuclear power station unit.
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making the tube system s fitting parts of the low pressure evaporators used in the heat recovery boilers of combined cycle units more resistant to Erosion Corrosion wear during operation
Thermal Engineering, 2008Co-Authors: G. V. Tomarov, A. A. Shipkov, Yu V Petrov, O A Dovgii, V N Semenov, A V MikhailovAbstract:We present the results of calculation-analytical investigations into the effect of various parameters and factors on the rate of wear in the tube system elements of low-pressure evaporators used in the heat-recovery boilers of combined-cycle plants. Factors causing damage to these elements are established, and the dominating mechanism through which this damage occurs (Erosion-Corrosion) is determined. Measures for making the tube systems of combined-cycle plants more resistant to Erosion-Corrosion wear are proposed.