The Experts below are selected from a list of 78 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Newton La Scala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental and economic impacts of different sugarcane production systems in the Ethanol biorefinery
Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2016Co-Authors: Mateus F Chagas, Ricardo De Oliveira Bordonal, Otavio Cavalett, Joao Luis Nunes Carvalho, Antonio Bonomi, Newton La ScalaAbstract:Economic and environmental impacts of Ethanol Biorefineries with different sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production technologies are evaluated with a focus on harvesting systems, reduced tillage, controlled traffic farming to reduce soil compaction, and alternatives of sugarcane rotation. Results showed that scenarios with sunn hemp (Crotolaria juncea) as a rotation crop in the sugarcane cycle present great potential to decrease environmental impacts of sugarcane Biorefineries. Although reduced tillage promotes a reduction in sugarcane production costs in comparison to conventional tillage, it only cause a slightly decrease (less than 5%) on Ethanol environmental impacts. Use of soybean (Glycine max) as a rotation crop yields an extra source of income, increasing the net agricultural revenues by 15% compared to scenario with sunn hemp. However, better economic and environmental impacts for sugarcane biorefinery are obtained with use of sunn hemp in the crop rotation and controlled traffic farming. Sugarcane production using controlled traffic farming allows an increased number of harvesters, with consequent reduction of 43% in greenhouse gases emissions, 24% in fossil depletion, and 44% in acidification potential when compared to burned cane scenario. These results reinforce that better agricultural management practices should be used to maximize number of cuts in the sugarcane cycle. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Katharine J Mach - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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near term deployment of carbon capture and sequestration from Biorefineries in the united states
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018Co-Authors: Daniel L Sanchez, Nils Johnson, Sean T Mccoy, Peter A Turner, Katharine J MachAbstract:Capture and permanent geologic sequestration of biogenic CO2 emissions may provide critical flexibility in ambitious climate change mitigation. However, most bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration (BECCS) technologies are technically immature or commercially unavailable. Here, we evaluate low-cost, commercially ready CO2 capture opportunities for existing Ethanol Biorefineries in the United States. The analysis combines process engineering, spatial optimization, and lifecycle assessment to consider the technical, economic, and institutional feasibility of near-term carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). Our modeling framework evaluates least cost source-sink relationships and aggregation opportunities for pipeline transport, which can cost-effectively transport small CO2 volumes to suitable sequestration sites; 216 existing US Biorefineries emit 45 Mt CO2 annually from fermentation, of which 60% could be captured and compressed for pipeline transport for under $25/tCO2 A sequestration credit, analogous to existing CCS tax credits, of $60/tCO2 could incent 30 Mt of sequestration and 6,900 km of pipeline infrastructure across the United States. Similarly, a carbon abatement credit, analogous to existing tradeable CO2 credits, of $90/tCO2 can incent 38 Mt of abatement. Aggregation of CO2 sources enables cost-effective long-distance pipeline transport to distant sequestration sites. Financial incentives under the low-carbon fuel standard in California and recent revisions to existing federal tax credits suggest a substantial near-term opportunity to permanently sequester biogenic CO2 This financial opportunity could catalyze the growth of carbon capture, transport, and sequestration; improve the lifecycle impacts of conventional biofuels; support development of carbon-negative fuels; and help fulfill the mandates of low-carbon fuel policies across the United States.
Mateus F Chagas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental and economic impacts of different sugarcane production systems in the Ethanol biorefinery
Biofuels Bioproducts and Biorefining, 2016Co-Authors: Mateus F Chagas, Ricardo De Oliveira Bordonal, Otavio Cavalett, Joao Luis Nunes Carvalho, Antonio Bonomi, Newton La ScalaAbstract:Economic and environmental impacts of Ethanol Biorefineries with different sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production technologies are evaluated with a focus on harvesting systems, reduced tillage, controlled traffic farming to reduce soil compaction, and alternatives of sugarcane rotation. Results showed that scenarios with sunn hemp (Crotolaria juncea) as a rotation crop in the sugarcane cycle present great potential to decrease environmental impacts of sugarcane Biorefineries. Although reduced tillage promotes a reduction in sugarcane production costs in comparison to conventional tillage, it only cause a slightly decrease (less than 5%) on Ethanol environmental impacts. Use of soybean (Glycine max) as a rotation crop yields an extra source of income, increasing the net agricultural revenues by 15% compared to scenario with sunn hemp. However, better economic and environmental impacts for sugarcane biorefinery are obtained with use of sunn hemp in the crop rotation and controlled traffic farming. Sugarcane production using controlled traffic farming allows an increased number of harvesters, with consequent reduction of 43% in greenhouse gases emissions, 24% in fossil depletion, and 44% in acidification potential when compared to burned cane scenario. These results reinforce that better agricultural management practices should be used to maximize number of cuts in the sugarcane cycle. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Franz\ue9n, Carl Johan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multi-Scale Variability Analysis of Wheat Straw-Based Ethanol Biorefineries Identifies Bioprocess Designs Robust Against Process Input Variations
'Frontiers Media SA', 2020Co-Authors: Nickel David, Fornell Rickard, Janssen Mathias, Franz\ue9n, Carl JohanAbstract:Bioprocesses based on (ligno-)cellulosic biomass are highly prone to batch-to-batch variations. Varying raw material compositions and enzyme activities hamper the prediction of process yields, economic feasibility and environmental impacts. Commonly, these performance indicators are averaged over several experiments to select suitable process designs. The variabilities in performance indicators resulting from variable process inputs are often neglected, causing a risk for faulty performance predictions and poor process design choices during scale-up. In this paper, a multi-scale variability analysis framework is presented that quantifies the effects of process input variations on performance indicators. Using the framework, a kinetic model describing simultaneous saccharification and Ethanol fermentation was integrated with a flowsheet process model, techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment in order to evaluate a wheat straw-based Ethanol biorefinery. Hydrolytic activities reported in the literature for the enzyme cocktail Cellic\uae CTec2, ranging from 62 to 266 FPU\ub7mL−1, were used as inputs to the multi-scale model to compare the variability in performance indicators under batch and multi-feed operation for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Bioprocess simulations were stopped at Ethanol productivities ≤0.1 g\ub7L−1\ub7h−1. The resulting spreads in process times, hydrolysis yields, and fermentation yields were incorporated into flowsheet, techno-economic and life cycle scales. At median enzymatic activities the payback time was 7%, equal to 0.6 years, shorter under multi-feed conditions. All other performance indicators showed insignificant differences. However, batch operation is simpler to control and well-established in industry. Thus, an analysis at median conditions might favor batch conditions despite the disadvantage in payback time. Contrary to median conditions, analyzing the input variability favored multi-feed operation due to a lower variability in all performance indicators. Variabilities in performance indicators were at least 50% lower under multi-feed operation. Counteracting the variability in enzymatic activities by adjusting the amount of added enzyme instead resulted in higher uncertainties in environmental impacts. The results show that the robustness of performance indicators against input variations must be considered during process development. Based on the multi-scale variability analysis process designs can be selected which deliver more precise performance indicators at multiple system levels
Carl Johan Franzen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multi scale variability analysis of wheat straw based Ethanol Biorefineries identifies bioprocess designs robust against process input variations
Frontiers in Energy Research, 2020Co-Authors: David Benjamin Nickel, Rickard Fornell, Matty Janssen, Carl Johan FranzenAbstract:Bioprocesses based on (ligno-)cellulosic biomass are highly prone to batch-to-batch variations. Varying raw material compositions and enzyme activities hamper the prediction of process yields, economic feasibility and environmental impacts. Commonly, these performance indicators are averaged over several experiments to select suitable process designs. The variabilities in performance indicators resulting from variable process inputs are often neglected, causing a risk for faulty performance predictions and poor process design choices during scale-up. In this paper, a multi-scale variability analysis framework is presented that quantifies the effects of process input variations on performance indicators. Using the framework, a kinetic model describing simultaneous saccharification and Ethanol fermentation was integrated with a flowsheet process model, techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment in order to evaluate a wheat straw-based Ethanol biorefinery. Hydrolytic activities reported in the literature for the enzyme cocktail Cellic® CTec2, ranging from 62 to 266 FPU·mL 1, were used as inputs to the multi-scale model to compare the variability in performance indicators under batch and multi-feed operation for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Bioprocess simulations were stopped at Ethanol productivities ≤ 0.1 g·L-1·h-1. The resulting spreads in process times, hydrolysis yields, and fermentation yields were incorporated into flowsheet, techno-economic and life cycle scales. At median enzymatic activities the payback time was 7%, equal to 0.6 years, shorter under multi-feed conditions. All other performance indicators showed insignificant differences. However, batch operation is simpler to control and well-established in industry. Thus, an analysis at median conditions might favor batch conditions despite the disadvantage in payback time. Contrary to median conditions, analyzing the input variability favored multi-feed operation due to a lower variability in all performance indicators. Variabilities in performance indicators were at least 50% lower under multi-feed operation. Counteracting the variability in enzymatic activities by adjusting the amount of added enzyme instead resulted in higher uncertainties in environmental impacts. The results show that the robustness of performance indicators against input variations must be considered during process development. Based on the multi-scale variability analysis process designs can be selected which deliver more precise performance indicators at multiple system levels.