The Experts below are selected from a list of 42483 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Scott J. Reynolds - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ego depletion and its paradoxical effects on Ethical Decision Making
    Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2014
    Co-Authors: Kai Chi Yam, Xiaoping Chen, Scott J. Reynolds
    Abstract:

    Whereas previous research has shown that ego depletion can lead to an increase in unEthical behavior, we suggest that this effect hinges on the social consensus of the unEthical behavior. Drawing from theories on social consensus and dual-process Decision-Making, we hypothesize and confirm that ego depletion is associated with increased unEthical behavior of comparatively low social consensus. We then find that, as hypothesized, ego depletion is associated with decreased unEthical behavior of high social consensus (Studies 1 and 2). Results further suggest that, controlling for state self-control resources, depleted participants are less likely to engage in unEthical behavior of high social consensus as a result of increased subjective fatigue (Study 3). Taken together, our findings challenge a widely-held assumption about the negative effects of ego depletion on Ethical Decision Making.

  • A neurocognitive model of the Ethical Decision-Making process: Implications for study and practice
    Journal of Applied Psychology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Scott J. Reynolds
    Abstract:

    The field of business ethics is entrenched in a cognitive approach that portrays the Ethical Decision-Making process as a completely deliberate and reasoned exercise. In light of growing concerns about the veracity of this approach, I build upon current knowledge of how the brain functions to present a neurocognitive model of Ethical Decision Making. The model suggests that Ethical Decision Making involves 2 interrelated yet functionally distinct cycles, a reflexive pattern matching cycle and a higher order conscious reasoning cycle, and thereby describes not only reasoned analysis, but also the intuitive and retrospective aspects of Ethical Decision Making. The model sparks research in new areas, holds significant implications for the study of Ethical Decision Making, and provides suggestions for improving Ethical behavior in organizations.

Kai Chi Yam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effects of thought suppression on Ethical Decision Making mental rebound versus ego depletion
    Journal of Business Ethics, 2018
    Co-Authors: Kai Chi Yam
    Abstract:

    Although thought suppression is a commonly used self-control strategy that has far-reaching consequences, its effect on Ethical Decision Making is unclear. Whereas ironic process theory suggests that suppressing ethics-related thoughts leads to mental rebounds of Ethicality and decreased unEthical behavior, ego depletion theory suggests that thought suppression can lead to reduced self-control and increased unEthical behavior. Integrating the two theories, I propose that the effect of thought suppression on unEthical behavior hinges on the content of the suppressed thoughts. Participants who suppressed ethics-related [-unrelated] thoughts engaged in less [more] cyber bullying (Experiment 1), cheating (Experiments 2–3), and dishonesty (Experiment 4) compared to participants in the control conditions. Explicit (Experiment 3) and implicit (Experiment 4) moral awareness was found to mediate this moderated effect. Experiment 4 further demonstrated that suppressing ethics-related thoughts reduces self-control performance on a subsequent amoral task, but not on subsequent Ethical Decision Making.

  • ego depletion and its paradoxical effects on Ethical Decision Making
    Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2014
    Co-Authors: Kai Chi Yam, Xiaoping Chen, Scott J. Reynolds
    Abstract:

    Whereas previous research has shown that ego depletion can lead to an increase in unEthical behavior, we suggest that this effect hinges on the social consensus of the unEthical behavior. Drawing from theories on social consensus and dual-process Decision-Making, we hypothesize and confirm that ego depletion is associated with increased unEthical behavior of comparatively low social consensus. We then find that, as hypothesized, ego depletion is associated with decreased unEthical behavior of high social consensus (Studies 1 and 2). Results further suggest that, controlling for state self-control resources, depleted participants are less likely to engage in unEthical behavior of high social consensus as a result of increased subjective fatigue (Study 3). Taken together, our findings challenge a widely-held assumption about the negative effects of ego depletion on Ethical Decision Making.

Rocco R Cottone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • displacing the psychology of the individual in Ethical Decision Making the social constructivism model
    Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 2004
    Co-Authors: Rocco R Cottone
    Abstract:

    A social constructivism model of Ethical Decision-Making is summarized and related to the Canadian Counseling Association Code of Ethics. Social constructivism is described as an intellectual movement that allows for a biological and social conception of human understanding, thereby superceding or displacing psychological theory. The theoretical progression from the "psychology of the individual" to social constructivism is described and is represented by the author's transformation from a psychological to a social theorist. Applications to Ethical Decisions are provided. Multicultural applications are also explored.

  • a social constructivism model of Ethical Decision Making in counseling
    Journal of Counseling and Development, 2001
    Co-Authors: Rocco R Cottone
    Abstract:

    Social constructivism is defined as an intellectual movement in the mental health field that directs a social consensual interpretation of reality. A social constructivism approach redefines the Ethical Decision-Making process as an interactive rather than an individual or intrapsychic process. The process involves negotiating, consensualizing, and, when necessary, arbitrating. Counselors are guided by social and cultural factors in defining what is acceptable Ethical practice.

  • Ethical Decision Making models a review of the literature
    Journal of Counseling and Development, 2000
    Co-Authors: Rocco R Cottone, Ronald E Claus
    Abstract:

    A comprehensive review of the literature on Ethical Decision-Making models in counseling is presented, beginning in the fall of 1984 through the summer of 1998. (Materials "in press" were considered.) A general overview of the literature is provided. Theoretically or philosophically based, practice-based, and specialty-relevant approaches are surveyed. The literature is rich with publications describing Decision-Making models, although few models have been assessed empirically, and few models seem well grounded philosophically or theoretically.

Xiaoping Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ego depletion and its paradoxical effects on Ethical Decision Making
    Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2014
    Co-Authors: Kai Chi Yam, Xiaoping Chen, Scott J. Reynolds
    Abstract:

    Whereas previous research has shown that ego depletion can lead to an increase in unEthical behavior, we suggest that this effect hinges on the social consensus of the unEthical behavior. Drawing from theories on social consensus and dual-process Decision-Making, we hypothesize and confirm that ego depletion is associated with increased unEthical behavior of comparatively low social consensus. We then find that, as hypothesized, ego depletion is associated with decreased unEthical behavior of high social consensus (Studies 1 and 2). Results further suggest that, controlling for state self-control resources, depleted participants are less likely to engage in unEthical behavior of high social consensus as a result of increased subjective fatigue (Study 3). Taken together, our findings challenge a widely-held assumption about the negative effects of ego depletion on Ethical Decision Making.

Lynn D Devenport - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluating the effects that existing instruction on responsible conduct of research has on Ethical Decision Making
    Academic Medicine, 2010
    Co-Authors: Alison L Antes, Michael D Mumford, Ryan P Brown, Shane Connelly, Xiaoqian Wang, Lynn D Devenport
    Abstract:

    AbstractPurposeTo examine the effects that existing courses on the responsible conduct of research (RCR) have on Ethical Decision Making by assessing the Ethicality of Decisions made in response to Ethical problems and the underlying processes involved in Ethical Decision Making. These processes inc

  • environmental influences on Ethical Decision Making climate and environmental predictors of research integrity
    Ethics & Behavior, 2007
    Co-Authors: Michael D Mumford, Ryan P Brown, Shane Connelly, Stephen T Murphy, Jason H Hill, Alison L Antes, Lynn D Devenport
    Abstract:

    It is commonly held that early career experiences influence Ethical behavior. One way early career experiences might operate is to influence the Decisions people make when presented with problems that raise Ethical concerns. To test this proposition, 102 first-year doctoral students were asked to complete a series of measures examining Ethical Decision Making along with a series of measures examining environmental experiences and climate perceptions. Factoring of the environmental measure yielded five dimensions: professional leadership, poor coping, lack of rewards, limited competitive pressure, and poor career direction. Factoring of the climate inventory yielded four dimensions: equity, interpersonal conflict, occupational engagement, and work commitment. When these dimensions were used to predict performance on the Ethical Decision-Making task, it was found that the environmental dimensions were better predictors than the climate dimensions. The implications of these findings for research on Ethical c...

  • personality and Ethical Decision Making in research the role of perceptions of self and others
    Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Alison L Antes, Michael D Mumford, Ryan P Brown, Shane Connelly, Stephen T Murphy, Ethan P Waples, Lynn D Devenport
    Abstract:

    THIS STUDY EXAMINED BASIC PERSONALITY characteristics, narcissism, and cynicism as predictors of Ethical Decision-Making among graduate students training for careers in the sciences. Participants com- pleted individual difference measures along with a scenario-based Ethical Decision-Making measure that captures the complex, multifaceted nature of Ethical Decision-Making in scientific research. The results revealed that narcissism and cynicism (individual dif- ferences influencing self-perceptions and perceptions of others) showed consistently negative relationships with aspects of Ethical Decision-Making, whereas more basic personality characteristics (e.g., conscientious- ness, agreeableness) were less consistent and weaker. Further analyses examined the relationship of person- ality to metacognitive reasoning strategies and social- behavioral response patterns thought to underlie Ethical Decision-Making. The findings indicated that personality was associated with many of these social- cognitive mechanisms which might, in part, explain the association between personality and Ethical Decisions.

  • articles validation of Ethical Decision Making measures evidence for a new set of measures
    Ethics & Behavior, 2006
    Co-Authors: Michael D Mumford, Lynn D Devenport, Ryan P Brown, Shane Connelly, Stephen T Murphy, Jason H Hill, Alison L Antes
    Abstract:

    Ethical Decision Making measures are widely applied as the principal dependent variable used in studies of research integrity. However, evidence bearing on the internal and external validity of these measures is not available. In this study, Ethical Decision Making measures were administered to 102 graduate students in the biological, health, and social sciences, along with measures examining exposure to Ethical breaches and the severity of punishments recommended. The Ethical Decision Making measure was found to be related to exposure to Ethical events and the severity of punishments awarded. The implications of these findings for the application of Ethical Decision Making measures are discussed.