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Carlos Henrique Marchiori - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • first report of zaeucoila incompleta kieffer hymenoptera Eucoilidae as a parasitoid of diptera in brazil
    Neotropical Entomology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori, A T Oliveira
    Abstract:

    This work reports the first occurrence of Zaeucoila incompleta (Kieffer) as a parasitoid of Diptera in Brazil. Weekly samples were taken with water traps, five placed at the pastures and five in the nearby native vegetation. These traps were made of yellow buckets measuring 30 cm in diameter and filled with 2l of trap water, 2 ml of detergent and 2 ml of formaldehyde. During the year 1998 thirty five examples of Z. incompleta were collected in April, June and July. These data contribute to the knowledge of parasitoids fauna in Brazil.

  • first report of paraganaspis egeria diaz gallardo hymenoptera Eucoilidae parasiting horn fly haematobia irritans l diptera muscidae in the southeastern brazil
    Web Science, 2001
    Co-Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori, Jose Ricardo Pelaquim Mendes, Aricio Xavier Linhares
    Abstract:

    Este trabalho relata a primeira ocorrencia do parasitoide Paraganapis egeria Diaz & Gallardo (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) parasitando pupas de Haematobia irritans L. (Diptera: Muscidae) na regiao Neotropical. As fezes bovinas foram coletadas nas pastagens da Fazenda Canchim da Embrapa de Sao Carlos-SP, de abril de 1993 a abril de 1994. As pupas foram separadas das fezes bovinas por flutuacao em baldes com agua. As recolhidas foram acondicionadas individualmente em capsulas de gelatina ate a emergencia dos dipteros ou dos seus parasitoides. Foram obtidas 718 pupas de H. irritans, das quais duas emergiram parasitoides. Constatou-se parasitismo de 0,26%.

  • primeira ocorrencia de triplasta atrocoxalis ashmead hymenoptera Eucoilidae em pupas de cyrtoneurina pararescita couri diptera muscidae em currais de bovinos no brasil
    Arquivo Brasileiro De Medicina Veterinaria E Zootecnia, 2000
    Co-Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori, C G Silva, A X Linhares
    Abstract:

    This work reports, for the first time, the occurrence of Triplasta atrocoxalis (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) parasitizing pupae of Cyrtoneurina pararescita (Diptera: Muscidae) in cattle dung in Brazil.

  • Dipteros muscoides associados a fezes frescas de gado bovino e seus parasitoides, nos municipios de Uberlandia-MG e Itumbiara-Go
    Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Biologia, 1997
    Co-Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
    Abstract:

    o levantamento de moscas (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) e parasitóides (Hymenoptera e Coleoptera), foi realizado de novembro de 1993 a outubro de 1994 na Fazenda Experimental do Glória em Uberlândia-MG (local 1) e de novembro de 1994 a outubro de 1995 na Chácara Vilela em ltumbiara-GO (local 2). Mensalmente 10 amostras de esterco bovino com uma crosta de aproximadamente 10,2:t 1,72 mm foram escolhidas aleatoriamente nas pastagens nos dois locais estudados. E transportadas dentro de bacias plásticas para o laboratório do Departamento de Biociências da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (local 1) e para o laboratório da Fundação de Ensino superior em ltumbiara­GO (local 2), para a extração dos artrópodes no quinto dia após sua coleta no campo. Este material era flutuado em água dentro de um balde plástico. As pupas eram retiradas com auxílio de uma peneira e individualizadas em cápsulas de gelatina até a emergência dos dípteros e ou dos seus parasitóides. As famílias coletadas nos dois locais foram similares, destacando-se a família Sarcophagidae que apresentou uma maior variedade de espécies nos dois locais. As famílias dos parasitóides também foram similares nos dois ambientes. A família Eucoilidae foi a que apresentou um número de indivíduos. As principais espécies de moscas coletadas no dois locais foram: P. insularis, Sarcophagula spp., Brontaea sp 1 e Brontaea sp2. Os parasitóides presentes em maior abundância no local 1 foram: Eucoilidae sp3, Eucoilidae spl, S. drosophilae e Eucoilidae p2 e no local 2 foram: Eucolidae sp2, S. nigroaenea e Eucoilidae sp3. No local 1 50,0% dos hospedeiros predominaram na estação quente e úmida, enquanto que no local 2 não foi demostrado nenhum predomínio por qualquer estação. Com relação aos parasitóides, no local 1 predominaram na estação quente e seca e no local 2 pela estação quente e úmida. Os índices faunísticos apresentados nos dois locais mostraram que a maioria das espécies de hospedeiros e parasitóides foram não dominantes. Houve uma predominância dos parasitóides pelas espécies da família Sepsidae e pela espécie Sarcophagula spp. nos dois ambientes. O hospedeiro Sarcophagula spp. também foi o grupo que apresentou uma maior variedade de parasitóides nos dois locais. Os parasitóides Figitidae sp 1 e A. notula apresentaram uma ocorrência marcante nos dois locais pelas pupas de Sarcophagula sppA survey of flies (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) and their parasites (Hymenoptera and Coleoptera) was undertaken from November 1993 to October 1994 at the "Fazenda Experimental do Glória" Uberlândia, MG (site 1), and from November 1994 to October 1995 at the "Chácara Vilela", Itumbiara, GO (site 2). Ten random samples ofbovine dung were taken month1y, from pats approximately one week old, placed in plastic containers and taken to the laboratory of the "Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia"(site 1), and "Laboratório da Faculdade de Ensino Superior de Itumbiara, GO" (site 2), where the arthropods were extracted by flotation in water. The pupae we individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergence of adults flies or their parasitoids. The collected families at the two sites similar, and the Sarcophagidae were the most diverse. The parasitoid families were also similar for both sites and the Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera) presented the highest number of collected specimens. The most abundant species of flies were: Palaeosepsis insularis, Sarcophagula spp., Brontaea spl, and Brontaea sp2. The pupal parasitoids present in higher numbers at site 1 were: Eucoilidae sp3, Eucoilidae spl, Spalangia drosophilae and Eucoilidae sp2. The site 2, the most abundant species were: Eucoilidae sp2, Spalangia nigroaenea, and Eucoilidae sp3. At site 1, 50% ofthe hosts were more abundant during the cool and humid season, whereas there was no difference in parasitoid abundance at site 2. Regarding the parasitoids, they were more abundant during the cool season at site 1, and during the cool and humid season at site 2. The faunistic indexes determined for both sites evidenced that the majority of hosts and parasitoids were not dominant. In both environrnents, there was a predominance of the parasitoids for species of Sepsidae and for Sarcophagula spp. Theis latter species also presented the highest diversity of parasitoids. The parasitoid Figitidae sp 1 and Aleochara notula showed a marked occurrence for pupae of Sarcophagula sp

Bruce E Tabashnik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • demography of the leafminer parasitoid ganaspidium utilis beardsley hymenoptera Eucoilidae at different temperatures
    Biological Control, 1996
    Co-Authors: A D Omer, Marshall W Johnson, Bruce E Tabashnik
    Abstract:

    Abstract Demographic parameters, reproductive pattern, and heterogeneity for the leafminer parasitoid Ganaspidium utilis Beardsley (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) were determined in the laboratory at 16, 27, and 32°C using Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) with “Henderson” bush lima beans as the host. Development and progeny production did not occur at 16°C. Mean developmental time was significantly shorter (13.2 days) at 32°C than at 27°C (18.4 days). Preadult cumulative survival rates at 27°C (62%) and 32°C (43%) were significantly different. Male and female longevities were similar. Adult G. utilis lived a maximum of 23 days at 16°C, 13 days at 27°C, and 8 days at 32°C. Total mean lifetime progeny production per female G. utilis ranged from 68.50 progeny at 32°C to 115.10 progeny at 27°C. Heaviest progeny production occurred during Days 2 and 3 of a female's life at 32 and 27°C, respectively. Of the total progeny produced, the female percentage ranged from 47 at 27°C to 49 at 32°C. Mean generation time was 15 days at 32°C and 21 days at 27°C. Intrinsic rate of increase varied from 0.19 at 27°C to 0.23 at 32°C. In the stable age distribution, egg percentage was highest (56–58) followed by larval stage (36–37), whereas pupal and adult stages each only represented 3 to 4. Age-by-parity relations demonstrated that timing and magnitude of reproduction were influenced by temperature.

  • variation in susceptibility to insecticides in the leafminer parasitoid ganaspidium utilis hymenoptera Eucoilidae
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 1995
    Co-Authors: R J Rathman, Marshall W Johnson, Bruce E Tabashnik, K M Spollen
    Abstract:

    Five populations of a parasitoid of agromyzid leafminers, Ganaspidium utilis Beardsley, were tested for susceptibility to five insecticide . Four field populations were significantly less susceptible than a laboratory population that had not been exposed to insecticides for 20 generations. Compared with the laboratory population, maximum resistance ratios at LC 50 were 3 for methomyl, 2 for oxamyl, 3 for fenvalerate, 12 for permethrin, and 9 for malathion. The most toxic insecticide was malathion, followed by methomyl. oxamyl, permethrin, and fenvalerate. LC 5O s,vere lower than concentrations similar to the recommended field rates for all populations for methomyl, oxamyl, and malathion, but LC 50 s for some populations were higher than the recommended field rates for permethrin and fenvalerate.

  • production of ganaspidium utilis hymenoptera Eucoilidae for biological control of liriomyza spp diptera agromyzidae
    Biological Control, 1991
    Co-Authors: R J Rathman, Marshall W Johnson, Bruce E Tabashnik
    Abstract:

    Abstract A method for rearing the Liriomyza leafminer parasitoid Ganaspidium utilis Beardsley (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) is described. ‘Henderson’ bush lima beans, Phaseolus limensis var. limenanus L. H. Bailey, were planted in vermiculite in six 20 × 14 × 35.5-cm2 plastic bags. After 10 to 11 days the plants were exposed to 500 to 600 adult Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) for 24 h and then placed in a holding cage for 4 days at 22°C. Plants containing second instar L. trifolii were exposed to G. utilis for 48 h. Emergence of parasitoids occurred 24 to 33 days after exposure. The number of G. utilis emerging per bag of beans was 403 ± 29 ( X ± SEM ; n = 15) ; 51% of these were females. Recurring cost of production of 5000 parasitoids per day was estimated at $36 for G. utilis compared with $97 for another leafminer parasitoid, Diglyphus begini Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae).

Marcel E Visser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effect of competition on oviposition decisions of leptopilina heterotoma hymenoptera Eucoilidae
    Animal Behaviour, 1995
    Co-Authors: Marcel E Visser
    Abstract:

    Prey selection models in which a patch is depleted by a number of foragers predict that the less profitable prey are rejected early in the foraging bout, but accepted later on. Such behaviour would lead to partial preferences: certain prey types are sometimes rejected and sometimes accepted (eaten), even within the same foraging bout. In the absence of competition, however, parasitoids should show no such switch in behaviour. This prediction was tested using the insect parasitoid Leptopilina heterotoma (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) searching a patch containing unparasitized and parasitized (less profitable) hosts. In the experiments, the degree of competition was varied by (1) having either a single parasitoid or two parasitoids simultaneously searching on the patch, and (2) keeping parasitoids either alone or together with conspecifics before the experiment. For a given patch quality (expressed as the average quality of the five previously encountered hosts), parasitoids accepted parasitized hosts more often when they searched a patch alone than when there were competitors present. Competition clearly influenced oviposition decisions. The predicted switch in behaviour was observed in the presence of competition, and a much less pronounced change in the absence of it. Keeping parasitoids alone or together before the experiment did influence the oviposition decisions but in the opposite way to that predicted: the latter accepted parasitized hosts more readily at high patch quality than the former. Finally, it was shown that the parasitoids are able to distinguish between the four types of host (unparasitized, once parasitized by a conspecific, once parasitized by the female herself and twice parasitized). [KEYWORDS: PATCH TIME ALLOCATION, ADAPTIVE SUPERPARASITISM, SOLITARY PARASITOIDS, ESS MODEL, SELECTION, DIET, INFORMATION, EXPERIENCE, CYNIP, HOSTS]

Yoshihisa Abe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • exploitation of the serpentine leafminer liriomyza trifolii and tomato leafminer l bryoniae diptera agromyzidae by the parasitoid gronotoma micromorpha hymenoptera Eucoilidae
    European Journal of Endocrinology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Yoshihisa Abe
    Abstract:

    The developmental time and size of a solitary koinobiont parasitoid, Gronotoma micromorpha (Perkins) (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae), were measured in two host species: the serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) and tomato leafminer, L. bryoniae (Kaltenbach). There was no significant difference in the developmental time of G. micromorpha in these two hosts. However, significantly larger G. micromorpha adults emerged from L. bryoniae than from L. trifolii puparia. Dissection of larvae revealed that when offered a choice G. micromorpha accepted larvae of L. bryoniae more often than those of L. trifolii. The number of wasps emerging from parasitized hosts did not differ significantly between host species. These results indicate that L. trifolii and L. bryoniae are both acceptable and suitable hosts for G. micromorpha. Gronotoma micromorpha may be a useful biological control agent of both L. trifolii and L. bryoniae.

  • daily progeny production and thermal influence on development and adult longevity of the leafminer parasitoid gronotoma micromorpha hym Eucoilidae
    Journal of Applied Entomology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Yoshihisa Abe, M Tahara
    Abstract:

    :  To evaluate the potential of the parasitoid Gronotoma micromorpha (Perkins) as a biological control agent for the serpentine leafminer Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) in greenhouses, we determined daily progeny production and thermal influence on both total development (oviposition to adult emergence) and adult longevity of this wasp in the laboratory in the host L. trifolii. The mean total number of progeny produced was 75.6 per female at 25°C under a 15-h light/9-h dark (15L : 9D) photoregime. The developmental rate of G. micromorpha significantly correlated with constant temperature between 18 and 30°C. The lower thermal threshold and thermal constant for total development of this wasp were 11.7°C and 333.3 heat degree-days, respectively. The results indicate that adult female G. micromorpha do not oviposit at 15°C and that the lower threshold for oviposition is approximately 18°C. In heated greenhouses in Japan, leafminers and their parasitoids are exposed to both high temperatures and a short photoregime from late autumn to winter, but these conditions (25°C, 10L : 14D) did not significantly affect the total development of G. micromorpha. When wasps were not exposed to hosts, the mean adult longevity at 15 or 20°C was significantly longer than that at 25°C. When wasps were allowed to oviposit into hosts at 25°C, the mean adult longevity was significantly longer than when wasps were not exposed to hosts. As adult female G. micromorpha do not feed on hosts and are pro-ovigenic, suppression of oviposition probably decreased adult longevity. The biological traits of G. micromorpha elucidated by this and previous studies indicate that this wasp is suitable as a biological control agent for L. trifolii in greenhouses.

  • egg pupal and larval pupal parasitism in the parasitoid gronotoma micromorpha hymenoptera Eucoilidae
    Applied Entomology and Zoology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Yoshihisa Abe
    Abstract:

    I examined the effects of host age at oviposition, from 0 to 4 days (egg to mature larva), on emergence rate and developmental period of the leafminer parasitoid Gronotoma micromorpha (Perkins) (Hymenoptera: Eucoilidae) under laboratory conditions in the host Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae). No significant difference was found in the emergence rates of G. micromorpha among the host ages examined. However, the developmental period of G. micromorpha was significantly shorter when ovipositing into 3- or 4-d-old L. trifolii. The occurrence of thelytokous parthenogenesis in G. micromorpha was confirmed. The results show that G. micromorpha is an egg-pupal and larval-pupal parasitoid, utilizing a wide range of host stages in which oviposition can occur and progeny can complete development.

A X Linhares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.