The Experts below are selected from a list of 1239 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tamotsu Hisamatsu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Characterization of FLC, SOC1 and FT homologs in Eustoma grandiflorum: effects of vernalization and post-vernalization conditions on flowering and gene expression
Physiologia Plantarum, 2011Co-Authors: Yoshihiro Nakano, Takafumi Kinoshita, Hiroki Kawashima, Hiroyasu Yoshikawa, Tamotsu HisamatsuAbstract:A rosette plant of Eustoma grandiflorum requires vernalization (exposure to a period of cold temperature) and long-day conditions to promote flowering, while prolonged cold or cool temperatures in post-vernalization periods delay flowering. This study aimed to investigate the effect of growth conditions on flowering regulation in Eustoma. In Arabidopsis, vernalization suppresses a floral repressor gene, FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and upregulates floral promoter genes, such as SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). We identified and characterized the Eustoma homologs of these genes. In contrast to Arabidopsis FLC, Eustoma grandiflorum FLC-like (EgFLCL) expression was upregulated by cold temperature and downregulated by subsequent warm temperature exposure. The expression of Eustoma grandiflorum SOC1-like (EgSOC1L) and FT-like (EgFTL) genes was not significantly induced during vernalization, but their transcripts increased during a warm post-vernalization period in the long days. Vernalized plants grown under cool post-vernalization temperatures exhibited higher EgFLCL expression, lower EgSOC1L and EgFTL expression and flowered later than those grown under warm temperatures. Overexpression of EgFLCL cDNA repressed flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis, whereas overexpression of EgSOC1L or EgFTL cDNA promoted flowering. Our results suggest that flowering regulation by vernalization in Eustoma differs from the paradigm developed for Arabidopsis. EgFLCL is regulated by temperature and may be involved in floral repression during cold and cool seasons. Warm- and long-day conditions following vernalization are required to induce two putative floral promoters, EgSOC1L and EgFTL, effectively.
-
Role of ethylene in senescence of cut Eustoma flowers
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1998Co-Authors: Kazuo Ichimura, Misa Shimamura, Tamotsu HisamatsuAbstract:Abstract Flower senescence of Eustoma grandiflorum was investigated in relation to ethylene production and sensitivity to ethylene. Ethylene production of flowers increased with flower senescence. Ethylene was mainly produced in the pistil, in particular in the style, and production in the petal increased with flower senescence. Flowers were not sensitive to ethylene at anthesis, but became more sensitive with increasing senescence. Treatment with silver thiosulphate (STS), an ethylene action inhibitor, extended flower longevity. STS inhibited ethylene production from the whole flower, particularly that from the petal. Thus, ethylene is considered to be involved in the flower senescence of Eustoma.
Kazuo Ichimura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
postharvest physiology and technology of cut Eustoma flowers
Journal of The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 2010Co-Authors: Hiroko Shimizuyumoto, Kazuo IchimuraAbstract:A long vase life of cut flowers is valued highly by consumers. Cut Eustoma flowers have gained popularity during recent decades in Japan but there are few studies on the postharvest physiology and technology of the flowers. The vase life of cut Eustoma flowers is not long and varies among cultivars. Ethylene is involved in flower senescence and pollination accelerates this process. The Eustoma inflorescence has many flowers and buds; therefore, to improve the postharvest quality of Eustoma inflorescence, promoting bud opening as well as delaying senescence of the open flower are important. This review summarizes the factors affecting vase life and describes effective treatments for cut Eustoma flower stems to extend their vase life.
-
Combination pulse treatment of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and aminoethoxyvinylglycine greatly improves postharvest life in cut Eustoma flowers
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Hiroko Shimizu-yumoto, Kazuo IchimuraAbstract:Abstract The effects of pulse treatments with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), a synthetic auxin, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an ethylene synthesis inhibitor, and their combination on the postharvest life of cut Eustoma flowers were investigated. Cut flowers with three open flowers and two buds were treated with 5 μM NAA, 1 mM AVG, or a combination of both at 23 °C for 23 h. All solutions including the control were supplemented with 0.5 mL L−1 Legend MK as an antimicrobial compound. The vase life of the inflorescence and the longevity of opened flowers at harvest were extended significantly in AVG alone (12.8 d, 14.5 d) compared to the control (5.6 d, 9.4 d) and NAA alone (7.1 d, 9.8 d). The combination of NAA and AVG (16.1 d, 17.1 d) significantly extended the inflorescence vase life and longevity of opened flowers even longer than AVG alone. In particular, the vase life of the inflorescence was about three times longer in the NAA plus AVG treatment than in the control. Relative fresh weight was obviously greater in the NAA plus AVG and NAA alone treatments than in the control for 12 d. These findings suggest that the combination of NAA and AVG is more effective in improving postharvest life of cut Eustoma flowers.
-
Effects of the Ease of Self-pollination on the Vase Life of Cut Eustoma Flowers
Engei Gakkai zasshi, 2002Co-Authors: Hiroko Shimizu, Kazuo IchimuraAbstract:The effects of the ease of self-pollination on the vase life in cut Eustoma flowers were investigated by using 13 cultivars. The vase life of Eustoma florets was reduced by self-pollination in 10 out of 13 cultivars. The distance from the stigma to anther and the rate of natural self-pollination varied among the cultivars, such that the rate of pollinated flowers was negatively correlated with the distance from the stigma to anther (r=-0.86). This indicates that flowers are more apt to be pollinated if the distance is short. Hence, we conclude that the vase life of cut Eustoma florets is affected by the relative ease at which natural self-pollination occurs, which in turn, is a function of the distance between the stigma and the anthers.
-
Acceleration of Senescence by Pollination of Cut 'Asuka-no-nami' Eustoma Flowers
Engei Gakkai zasshi, 2000Co-Authors: Kazuo Ichimura, Rie GotoAbstract:Factors, accelerating the senescence of cut Eustoma grandiflorum 'Asuka-no-nami' flowers, were investigated in relation to ethylene production. Pollination markedly accelerated petal senescence of cut Eustoma flowers. Petal senescence was also accelerated by crushing the stigma or removing the stigma and style, but not by the removing the pistil. The climacteric increase in ethylene production from flowers, petals, and pistil was significantly accelerated by pollination. Treatment with 2mM silver thiosulphate complex (STS), an ethylene action inhibitor, extended the vase life of pollinated flowers. These results suggest that the acceleration of flower senescence by pollination is mediated by ethylene.
-
Role of ethylene in senescence of cut Eustoma flowers
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1998Co-Authors: Kazuo Ichimura, Misa Shimamura, Tamotsu HisamatsuAbstract:Abstract Flower senescence of Eustoma grandiflorum was investigated in relation to ethylene production and sensitivity to ethylene. Ethylene production of flowers increased with flower senescence. Ethylene was mainly produced in the pistil, in particular in the style, and production in the petal increased with flower senescence. Flowers were not sensitive to ethylene at anthesis, but became more sensitive with increasing senescence. Treatment with silver thiosulphate (STS), an ethylene action inhibitor, extended flower longevity. STS inhibited ethylene production from the whole flower, particularly that from the petal. Thus, ethylene is considered to be involved in the flower senescence of Eustoma.
Nigel K. Given - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Transformation of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum).
Plant cell reports, 1997Co-Authors: Susan E. Ledger, Simon C. Deroles, David G. Manson, J Marie Bradley, Nigel K. GivenAbstract:Transformed plants from three cultivars of Eustoma grandiflorum (lisianthus) were produced by cocultivating young leaf pieces with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain A722 containing the binary vectors pKIWI110 and pLN26. Both vectors contain the selectable marker gene for neomycin phosphotransferase II. pKIWI110 also contains the reporter gene for β-D-glucuronidase, and pLN26, the chalcone synthase antisense gene. Southern DNA analysis revealed that all the kanamycin-resistant transformants tested contained copies of the transgenes integrated in their genome. The two plants transformed with pKIWI110 show β-D-glucuronidase expression in their mature leaves and selected transformants passed on the kanamycin-resistant phenotype to the F1 generation.
-
Transformation in Eustoma grandiflorum (Lisianthus)
Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering III, 1993Co-Authors: S. C. Deroles, Susan E. Ledger, R. M. Miller, K. M. Davies, Nigel K. GivenAbstract:Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Griseb) Shinn.] is a gentian native to the central and southern United States (Bailey 1949, Shinners 1957). Due to its large flowers, long stems, and extended vase life, it is an increasingly popular cut flower. The typical wild plant has blue-purple flowers, but intensive breeding in Japan over the last 30 years has produced varieties with white, pink, plum, and mauve flowers. To enhance the popularity of lisianthus, new varieties need to be developed. Desirable traits include; an expansion of the color range to red and yellow, sectoring of the pigmentation to produce stripes and star patterns, and a more compact plant form for the pot plant market.
Nobuyuki Yoshikawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Apple Latent Spherical Virus Vector as Vaccine for the Prevention and Treatment of Mosaic Diseases in Pea, Broad Bean, and Eustoma Plants by Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus
Viruses, 2014Co-Authors: Nozomi Satoh, Tatsuya Kon, Noriko Yamagishi, Tsubasa Takahashi, Tomohide Natsuaki, Nobuyuki YoshikawaAbstract:We investigated the protective effects of a viral vector based on an Apple latent spherical virus (ALSV) harboring a segment of the Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) genome against mosaic diseases in pea, broad bean, and Eustoma plants caused by BYMV infection. In pea plants pre-inoculated with the ALSV vaccine and challenge inoculated with BYMV expressing green fluorescence protein, BYMV multiplication occurred in inoculated leaves, but was markedly inhibited in the upper leaves. No mosaic symptoms due to BYMV infection were observed in the challenged plants pre-inoculated with the ALSV vaccine. Simultaneous inoculation with the ALSV vaccine and BYMV also prevented mosaic symptoms in broad bean and Eustoma plants, and BYMV accumulation was strongly inhibited in the upper leaves of plants treated with the ALSV vaccine. Pea and Eustoma plants were pre-inoculated with BYMV followed by inoculation with the ALSV vaccine to investigate the curative effects of the ALSV vaccine. In both plant species, recovery from mosaic symptoms was observed in upper leaves and BYMV accumulation was inhibited in leaves developing post-ALSV vaccination. These results show that ALSV vaccination not only prevents mosaic diseases in pea, broad bean, and Eustoma, but that it is also effective in curing these diseases.
Yoshihiro Nakano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Characterization of FLC, SOC1 and FT homologs in Eustoma grandiflorum: effects of vernalization and post-vernalization conditions on flowering and gene expression
Physiologia Plantarum, 2011Co-Authors: Yoshihiro Nakano, Takafumi Kinoshita, Hiroki Kawashima, Hiroyasu Yoshikawa, Tamotsu HisamatsuAbstract:A rosette plant of Eustoma grandiflorum requires vernalization (exposure to a period of cold temperature) and long-day conditions to promote flowering, while prolonged cold or cool temperatures in post-vernalization periods delay flowering. This study aimed to investigate the effect of growth conditions on flowering regulation in Eustoma. In Arabidopsis, vernalization suppresses a floral repressor gene, FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and upregulates floral promoter genes, such as SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). We identified and characterized the Eustoma homologs of these genes. In contrast to Arabidopsis FLC, Eustoma grandiflorum FLC-like (EgFLCL) expression was upregulated by cold temperature and downregulated by subsequent warm temperature exposure. The expression of Eustoma grandiflorum SOC1-like (EgSOC1L) and FT-like (EgFTL) genes was not significantly induced during vernalization, but their transcripts increased during a warm post-vernalization period in the long days. Vernalized plants grown under cool post-vernalization temperatures exhibited higher EgFLCL expression, lower EgSOC1L and EgFTL expression and flowered later than those grown under warm temperatures. Overexpression of EgFLCL cDNA repressed flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis, whereas overexpression of EgSOC1L or EgFTL cDNA promoted flowering. Our results suggest that flowering regulation by vernalization in Eustoma differs from the paradigm developed for Arabidopsis. EgFLCL is regulated by temperature and may be involved in floral repression during cold and cool seasons. Warm- and long-day conditions following vernalization are required to induce two putative floral promoters, EgSOC1L and EgFTL, effectively.
