The Experts below are selected from a list of 261 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Meredith K. W. Stranges - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
A Proposed Method for Establishing Partial Discharge Acceptance Limits on API 541 and 546 Sacrificial Test Coils
IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2017Co-Authors: Meredith K. W. Stranges, Barry WoodAbstract:Recent revisions to API standards have identified offline partial discharge analysis as an appropriate Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) to evaluate the quality of certain new medium voltage motor and generator stator windings. As a starting point, API 541 recommends a partial discharge (PD) level of 100 pC (pico-Coulombs) for sacrificial stator coils measured with an IEC 60270 compliant instrument. The recommended PD level is subject to discussion between the purchaser and the manufacturer until more data are available. This paper provides PD data from sacrificial coils and stator windings to support discussions on PD Acceptance criteria. Three instruments were used for PD Tests on resin-rich, press-cured sacrificial coils in laboratory conditions controlled to minimize noise, and in the typical environment of a FAT. These coils were then Tested daily for a week, with identical measurement conditions of noise, time of day, operator, and instrument. Also, included are examples of offline PD data from two complete stator windings. The first was a new winding, Tested in the Factory on two different days. The second was an aged winding Tested using the same methods but in different locations. Instrument selection, Testing location, elapsed time between measurements and insulation system construction can influence offline PD measurements. The current evidence suggests that statistical distributions drawn from similar Test conditions are more applicable than specific PD limits.
-
A proposed method for establishing partial discharge Acceptance limits on API 541 and 546 sacrificial Test coils
2015 IEEE Petroleum and Chemical Industry Committee Conference (PCIC), 2015Co-Authors: Meredith K. W. Stranges, Barry WoodAbstract:Recent revisions to API standards have identified offline partial discharge analysis (PDA) as an appropriate Factory Acceptance Test to evaluate the quality of certain new medium voltage motor and generator stator windings. As a starting point, API 541 recommends a partial discharge (PD) level of 100 pC (pico-Coulombs) for sacrificial stator coils measured with an IEC 60270 compliant instrument. The recommended PD level is subject to discussion between the purchaser and the manufacturer until more data are available. This paper provides PD data from on sacrificial coils and stator windings to support discussions on PD Acceptance criteria. Three instruments were used for PD Tests on resin-rich, press-cured sacrificial coils in laboratory conditions controlled to minimize noise, and in the typical environment of a Factory Acceptance Test (FAT). These coils were then Tested daily for a week, with identical measurement conditions of noise, time of day, operator and instrument. Also included are examples of offline PD data from two complete stator windings. The first was a new winding, Tested in the Factory on two different days. The second was an aged winding Tested using the same methods but in different locations. Instrument selection, Testing location, elapsed time between measurements and insulation system construction can influence offline PD measurements. The current evidence suggests that statistical distributions drawn from similar Test conditions are more applicable than specific PD limits.
-
Monitoring Stator Insulation in Critical Motors: Choosing Diagnostic Tests
IEEE Industry Applications Magazine, 2014Co-Authors: Meredith K. W. Stranges, Alfred O. VoukAbstract:The petrochemical industry has increasing interest in the condition monitoring of stator winding insulation during service. The Factory Acceptance specifications developed from the American Petroleum Institute (API) standards often require a partial discharge (PD) and/or power factor tip-up (PFTU) Test for brand new windings as a Factory Acceptance Test before installation. Petrochemical industry users often employ PD detection systems for the condition assessment of critical motors, but the use of the PFTU Test as a periodic evaluation technique is less popular. Specialized resources are needed to perform these Tests at the Factory and in the field, imposing different technical demands and requiring expert data interpretation to ensure value for the end user. PD and PFTU may serve as complementary techniques and are most useful when data are trended through the machine winding service life. Both types of measurement depend on stator winding geometry, insulating materials, insulation system construction, and operating environment. This article explains the PFTU and PD Tests as applied to both Factory Acceptance Testing and field Testing on installed machines, including setup and execution of measurements, and explores technical considerations to define an appropriate Test regime to monitor insulation condition. Examples of PD and PFTU Test data from Factory Acceptance of new stator windings and on-site measurements of installed machines are discussed.
-
Black-Out Test Versus UV Camera for Corona Inspection of HV Motor Stator Endwindings
IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2014Co-Authors: Meredith K. W. Stranges, Donald G. DunnAbstract:As part of a Factory Acceptance Test program for high-voltage (HV) motors, end users sometimes specify a black-out Test. This is a traditional offline inspection where the stator is placed in complete darkness, each phase is energized to 115% of rated line-to-neutral voltage, and both ends of the stator are observed to determine the presence, location, and severity of endwinding surface partial discharges (PDs). The setup for the Test may be complex and risky due to the need for observers to be standing in darkness close to the energized parts of the stator. The Test results are qualitative and strongly depend on the observer's eyesight and individual perception. A safer and more accurate alternative is to use an ultraviolet (UV) camera or viewer. The observed PD activity may be observed in ambient lighting, recorded, and quantified through simultaneous offline PD measurements. This paper describes the two inspection techniques and presents experimental validation of the UV corona camera inspection method as a suitable replacement for a black-out Test. Sample 13.8-kV coils were wound in a fixture simulating their relationship in a stator winding and subjected to high-potential Tests while observed under black-out conditions and with a UV corona camera in ambient lighting. The stator windings from two HV compressor motors were inspected using the same camera. Recorded images of the observed discharges and measured PD activity in the sample coils and stator winding were used to compare the evaluation by each Test method.
-
Black-out Test vs. UV camera for corona inspection of HV motor stator endwindings
Industry Applications Society 60th Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, 2013Co-Authors: Meredith K. W. Stranges, Donald G. DunnAbstract:As part of a Factory Acceptance Test program for high voltage motors, end users sometimes specify a black-out Test. This is a traditional offline inspection where the stator is placed in complete darkness, each phase is energized to 115% of rated line-to-neutral voltage, and both ends of the stator are observed to determine the presence, location and severity of endwinding surface partial discharges (PD). The setup for the Test may be complex and risky due to the need for observers to be standing in darkness close to the energized parts of the stator. The Test results are qualitative and strongly depend on the observer's eyesight and individual perception. A safer and more accurate alternative is to use an ultraviolet (UV) camera or viewer. The observed PD activity may be observed in ambient lighting, recorded, and quantified through simultaneous offline PD measurements. This paper describes the two inspection techniques, and presents experimental validation of the UV corona camera inspection method as a suitable replacement for a black-out Test. Sample 13.8-kV coils were wound in a fixture simulating their relationship in a stator winding, and subjected to high-potential Tests while observed under black-out conditions and with a UV corona camera in ambient lighting. The stator windings from two high voltage compressor motors were inspected using the same camera. Recorded images of the observed discharges and measured PD activity in the sample coils and stator winding were used to compare the evaluation by each Test method.
L C Rietveld - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the use of process simulation models in virtual commissioning of process automation software in drinking water treatment plants
Water Science & Technology: Water Supply, 2013Co-Authors: G I M Worm, K M Van Schagen, J P Kelderman, T Lapikas, A W C Van Der Helm, L C RietveldAbstract:This research deals with the contribution of process simulation models to the Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) of process automation (PA) software of drinking water treatment plants. Two Test teams Tested the same piece of modified PA-software. One team used an advanced virtual commissioning (AVC) system consisting of PA-emulation and integrated process simulation models. The other team used the same PA-emulation but basic parameter relations instead of the process simulation models, the virtual commissioning (VC) system. Each Test team found one (different) error of the 13 errors put into the software prior to the experiment; most of the errors were found prior to the functional Test. The team using the AVC-system found three errors, the team using the VC-system found four, but the AVC-team judged 1% of the Test items ‘not possible’, the VC-team 17%. It was concluded that the hypothesis that with AVC more errors could be found than with VC could not be accepted. So, for the FAT of PA-software of drinking water treatment plants, the addition of basic parameter relations to PA-emulation was sufficient. It was not the exact process behavior that helped to find errors, but the passing of process thresholds.
-
the use of process simulation models in virtual commissioning of process automation software in drinking water treatment plants
IWC International Water Conferences: New Developments in IT and Water Amsterdam The Netherlands 4-6 November 2012; Authors version, 2012Co-Authors: G I M Worm, K M Van Schagen, J P Kelderman, T Lapikas, A W C Van Der Helm, L C RietveldAbstract:This research deals with the contribution of process simulation models to the Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) of process automation (PA) software of drinking water treatment plants. Two Test teams Tested the same piece of modified PA-software. One team used an advanced virtual commissioning (AVC) system existing of PA-emulation and integrated process simulation models, the other team used the same PA-emulation but basic parameter relations instead of the process simulation models, the VC-system. Each Test team found one (different) error of the thirteen errors put into the software prior to the experiment; the majority of the errors was found prior to the functional Test. The team using the AVC-system found three errors, the team using the VC-system found four, but the AVC-team judged 1% of the Test items ‘not possible’, the VC-team 17%. It was concluded that the hypothesis that with AVC more errors could be found than with VC could not be accepted. So, for the FAT of PAsoftware of drinking water treatment plants, the addition of basic parameter relations to PA-emulation satisfied. Not the exact process behavior helped to find errors, but the passing of process thresholds.
-
virtual commissioning of process automation software in drinking water treatment plants
2011Co-Authors: G I M Worm, P Nijdam, K M Van Schagen, L C RietveldAbstract:In industry, the traditional Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) of process automation (PA) software is being replaced by virtual commissioning (VC). In this paper VC is introduced in drinking water treatment. A quantitative measure has been defined to compare the shortenings of time-to-market of projects Tested with VC and FAT, while taking into account the size and complexity of the software. The method has been applied to five projects with VC and five projects with FAT. Preliminary results show VC revealed errors which had been undetected by a previous FAT and down-time during SAT as planned.
Donald G. Dunn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Black-Out Test Versus UV Camera for Corona Inspection of HV Motor Stator Endwindings
IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2014Co-Authors: Meredith K. W. Stranges, Donald G. DunnAbstract:As part of a Factory Acceptance Test program for high-voltage (HV) motors, end users sometimes specify a black-out Test. This is a traditional offline inspection where the stator is placed in complete darkness, each phase is energized to 115% of rated line-to-neutral voltage, and both ends of the stator are observed to determine the presence, location, and severity of endwinding surface partial discharges (PDs). The setup for the Test may be complex and risky due to the need for observers to be standing in darkness close to the energized parts of the stator. The Test results are qualitative and strongly depend on the observer's eyesight and individual perception. A safer and more accurate alternative is to use an ultraviolet (UV) camera or viewer. The observed PD activity may be observed in ambient lighting, recorded, and quantified through simultaneous offline PD measurements. This paper describes the two inspection techniques and presents experimental validation of the UV corona camera inspection method as a suitable replacement for a black-out Test. Sample 13.8-kV coils were wound in a fixture simulating their relationship in a stator winding and subjected to high-potential Tests while observed under black-out conditions and with a UV corona camera in ambient lighting. The stator windings from two HV compressor motors were inspected using the same camera. Recorded images of the observed discharges and measured PD activity in the sample coils and stator winding were used to compare the evaluation by each Test method.
-
Black-out Test vs. UV camera for corona inspection of HV motor stator endwindings
Industry Applications Society 60th Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, 2013Co-Authors: Meredith K. W. Stranges, Donald G. DunnAbstract:As part of a Factory Acceptance Test program for high voltage motors, end users sometimes specify a black-out Test. This is a traditional offline inspection where the stator is placed in complete darkness, each phase is energized to 115% of rated line-to-neutral voltage, and both ends of the stator are observed to determine the presence, location and severity of endwinding surface partial discharges (PD). The setup for the Test may be complex and risky due to the need for observers to be standing in darkness close to the energized parts of the stator. The Test results are qualitative and strongly depend on the observer's eyesight and individual perception. A safer and more accurate alternative is to use an ultraviolet (UV) camera or viewer. The observed PD activity may be observed in ambient lighting, recorded, and quantified through simultaneous offline PD measurements. This paper describes the two inspection techniques, and presents experimental validation of the UV corona camera inspection method as a suitable replacement for a black-out Test. Sample 13.8-kV coils were wound in a fixture simulating their relationship in a stator winding, and subjected to high-potential Tests while observed under black-out conditions and with a UV corona camera in ambient lighting. The stator windings from two high voltage compressor motors were inspected using the same camera. Recorded images of the observed discharges and measured PD activity in the sample coils and stator winding were used to compare the evaluation by each Test method.
Saez D De Jauregui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Cryogen—Free Setup for Local and Integral Magnetic Field Measurements of Superconducting Undulator Coils
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2012Co-Authors: A Grau, S Gerstl, S Casalbuoni, M Hagelstein, T Holubek, T. Baumbach, Saez D De JaureguiAbstract:Since in an undulator the photons add up coherently over the whole undulator length even small magnetic field errors can disturb the superposition of photons and reduce the intensity of the generated photon beam. Therefore, as in any other undulator, the magnetic field has to be measured with high accuracy. Precise measurements of the magnetic properties of conventional, i.e., permanent magnet based insertion devices (IDs) has undergone huge improvements over the past years and initiated a new era in synchrotron light sources worldwide. A similar breakthrough is now necessary in the field of superconducting insertion devices. Therefore, a part of our R&D program for superconducting insertion devices is to perform quality assessment of their magnetic field properties. In this contribution we describe the equipment to perform magnetic measurements of the local field and of the field integrals of superconducting undulator coils up to 2 m length in a cold in vacuum (cryogen free) environment with a focus on the results of the Factory Acceptance Test.
-
Factory Acceptance Test of colddiag a cold vacuum chamber for diagnostics
2nd International Particle Accelerator Conference IPAC 2011 Kursaal San Sebastian Spain 4 - 9 September 2011, 2011Co-Authors: S Gerstl, Tilo Baumbach, S Casalbuoni, A Grau, M Hagelstein, Saez D De Jauregui, T Holubek, C Boffo, G Sikler, V BaglinAbstract:Superconducting insertion devices (IDs) have higher fields for a given gap and period length compared with the state-of-the-art technology of permanent magnet IDs. One of the still open issues for the development of superconducting insertion devices is the understanding of the heat intake from the electron beam. With the aim of measuring the beam heat load to a cold bore and the hope to gain a deeper understanding in the underlying mechanisms, a cold vacuum chamber for diagnostics was built. It is equipped with the following instrumentation: retarding field analyzers to measure the electron flux, temperature sensors to measure the beam heat load, pressure gauges, and mass spectrometers to measure the gas content. The flexibility of the engineering design will allow the installation of the cryostat in different synchrotron light sources. The installation in the storage ring of the Diamond Light Source is foreseen in November 2011. Here we report about the technical design of this device, the Factory Acceptance Test and the planned measurements with electron beam.
P. Emmanuelle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
IAS - Static Torque Method to Estimate Temperature Rise in High Power Induction Motors
2009 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2009Co-Authors: R. Lateb, J.c. Mercier, A. Mirzaian, P. EmmanuelleAbstract:Because of limitations imposed by manufacturer's power supplies and load equipment, Factory Acceptance Test, that is, conventional temperature rise Tests are extremely difficult and expensive to perform for large output machines. In those cases alternative methods to estimate the temperature rise and full load losses are considered. In this paper we propose a simple alternative method called "static torque method" suitable for high power induction motors' application such as ship propulsion and which most manufacturers could employ with a minimum capital expenditure. The principle of the method is discussed and temperature rise results from 3 sizes of induction machines are compared with those obtained through conventional full load Test. The difference between the results obtained by static method and full load method doesn't exceed 5%.
-
Static Torque Method to Estimate Temperature Rise in High Power Induction Motors
2009 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2009Co-Authors: R. Lateb, J.c. Mercier, A. Mirzaian, P. EmmanuelleAbstract:Because of limitations imposed by manufacturer's power supplies and load equipment, Factory Acceptance Test, that is, conventional temperature rise Tests are extremely difficult and expensive to perform for large output machines. In those cases alternative methods to estimate the temperature rise and full load losses are considered. In this paper we propose a simple alternative method called "static torque method" suitable for high power induction motors' application such as ship propulsion and which most manufacturers could employ with a minimum capital expenditure. The principle of the method is discussed and temperature rise results from 3 sizes of induction machines are compared with those obtained through conventional full load Test. The difference between the results obtained by static method and full load method doesn't exceed 5%.
