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Pierre Dorny - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bovine Fasciolosis in the human Fasciolosis hyperendemic binh dinh province in central vietnam
Acta Tropica, 2011Co-Authors: Thanh Giang Thi Nguyen, Thanh Hoa Le, Jozef Vercruysse, Pierre Dorny, T L H Tran, Nicolas Praet, Niko SpeybroeckAbstract:A cross-sectional survey on bovine Fasciolosis was conducted in the Binh Dinh province of Central Vietnam that was previously identified as hyperendemic for human Fasciolosis. In Vietnam, both pure Fasciola gigantica and hybrid and/or introgressed populations of liverflukes bearing genetic material from both Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica infect humans and animals. In this study, 825 cattle were randomly selected from 8 of the 11 provincial districts for faecal collection; blood samples were taken from 400 of these animals. Fasciola eggs and antibodies against Fasciola were detected by a quantitative sedimentation method and an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, respectively. Overall, 54.9% of the animals were shedding Fasciola eggs while 72.2% were Fasciola seropositive. Animals under two years showed lower Fasciola infection rates than older animals. There were no differences in infection rates between districts. These results indicate a very high prevalence of Fasciola infections in cattle in Binh Dinh province. It is concluded that a Fasciolosis control programme should be designed in this region aiming at reducing infection in both cattle and humans. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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assessment of a 27 kda antigen in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of Fasciolosis in vietnamese patients
Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2010Co-Authors: Thanh Giang Thi Nguyen, Thanh Hoa Le, Tinh Doan, Jozef Vercruysse, Pierre DornyAbstract:Fasciolosis has emerged as an important zoonotic disease in many parts of the world. In recent years, an increasing number of human cases were reported in Vietnam. In this study, the 27-kDa component protein from the excretory/secretory production of adult Fasciola gigantica, purified by high performance liquid chromatography, was assessed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies against Fasciola spp. for diagnosis of human Fasciolosis. The ELISA showed a high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (97.67%) when tested on patients with Fasciolosis, other parasitic infections, cholangiocarcinoma and on healthy controls. The assay was applied for diagnosis on 143 patients in the Viet Duc-Hanoi hospital who presented with clinical signs of liver disease and lesions in their livers as shown by imaging techniques. Antibodies were found in 37 (25.9%) of these patients, of whom only 3 shed Fasciola eggs in their stools (2.1%). The excellent response to triclabendazole treatment of 37 sero-positive patients confirmed the diagnosis of Fasciolosis. This study demonstrated the diagnostic potential for human Fasciolosis of the 27-kDa antigen ELISA. Fasciolosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hepatic disease in Vietnam.
John P Dalton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a prospective view of animal and human Fasciolosis
Parasite Immunology, 2016Co-Authors: Krystyna Cwiklinski, Sandra M Oneill, Sheila Donnelly, John P DaltonAbstract:Summary Fasciolosis, a food-borne trematodiasis, results following infection with the parasites, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. These trematodes greatly affect the global agricultural community, infecting millions of ruminants worldwide and causing annual economic losses in excess of US $3 billion. Fasciolosis, an important zoonosis, is classified by WHO as a neglected tropical disease with an estimated 17 million people infected and a further 180 million people at risk of infection. The significant impact on agriculture and human health together with the increasing demand for animal-derived food products to support global population growth demonstrate that Fasciolosis is a major One Health problem. This review details the problematic issues surrounding Fasciolosis control, including drug resistance, lack of diagnosis and the threat that hybridization of the Fasciola species poses to future animal and human health. We discuss how these parasites may mediate their long-term survival through regulation and modulation of the host immune system, by altering the host immune homeostasis and/or by influencing the intestinal microbiome particularly in respect to concurrent infections with other pathogens. Large genome, transcriptome and proteomic data sets are now available to support an integrated One Health approach to develop novel diagnostic and control strategies for both animal and human disease.
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endemic human Fasciolosis in the bolivian altiplano
Epidemiology and Infection, 2007Co-Authors: Michael Parkinson, Sandra M Oneill, John P DaltonAbstract:SUMMARY Fasciolosis, caused by trematodes of the genus Fasciola, is an emerging disease of humans. One of the highest levels of human Fasciolosis hepatica is found amongst the indigenous Aymaran people of the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. A meta-analysis of epidemiological surveys from 38 communities in the region demonstrates that Fasciolosis has been endemic in the region since at least 1984 and is a zoonosis of rural communities. Human and bovine Fasciolosis is associated with the communities lying in the plain from Lake Titicaca to La Paz, predominantly in the Los Andes province. In Los Andes incidences of up to 67 % of population cohorts were found, and prevalence is age-related with the highest infection rate in children aged 8-11 years.
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Controlling Fasciolosis in the Bolivian Altiplano
Trends in Parasitology, 2007Co-Authors: Michael Parkinson, Sandra M. O'neill, John P DaltonAbstract:Liver fluke disease, or Fasciolosis, is a global problem of livestock and causes losses of US$3 billion annually [1]. Recently, it has emerged as a major health problem in many countries, including Iran, Peru, Cuba, Bolivia and Egypt. Every year an estimated 2.4 million people are infected worldwide and a further 180 million people are at risk of infection [1]. The highest prevalence of Fasciolosis in humans is found in the Altiplano region of northern Bolivia [2,3]; this article highlights the need for a control strategy in this region.
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diagnosis of human Fasciolosis in the gilan province of northern iran application of cathepsin l elisa
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2002Co-Authors: Mohammad Bagher Rokni, Michael Parkinson, Sandra M Oneill, J Massoud, John P DaltonAbstract:Abstract Fasciolosis, or liver fluke disease, caused by parasites of the genus Fasciola is emerging as an important disease in man, particularly in countries such as Bolivia, Peru and Egypt. Several outbreaks of this disease recently occurred in the Gilan province of Northern Iran and in 1999 alone over 10,000 individuals were infected. Our laboratory recently developed an enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) test for diagnosing human Fasciolosis in an endemic area of northern Bolivia. The assay was based on the detection of serum antibodies reactive with antigens secreted by the parasite. In the present report we examined the sensitivity and specificity of this ELISA to diagnose 176 patients residing in the Gilan province of Northern Iran. These individuals presented at health clinics with clinical symptoms of Fasciolosis and were subsequently positively diagnosed by fecal analysis. The ELISA employed total molecules secreted by the parasites (excretory/secretory, ES, products) and a protease, termed cathepsin L1 (CL1), which was purified from this preparation, as antigen. In addition, the specificity of the assay was investigated using serum from Iranian individuals that were infected with hydatidosis, toxocariasis, amoebiasis, malaria and kalaazar. Using this assay, both CL1 and ES exhibited a sensitivity of 100% (all 176 patients tested positive) and a specificity of 100% and 98.9%, respectively. In conclusion, our standardized diagnostic ELISA for human Fasciolosis based on the detection of IgG responses to parasite ES and CL1 would be a valuable tool to diagnosis human Fasciolosis in Iran and could be employed in a large survey to determine the prevalence of the disease throughout this region.
Mohammad Bagher Rokni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seroprevalence of human Fasciolosis in pirabad lorestan province western iran
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2016Co-Authors: Farnaz Kheirandish, Mohammad Hassan Kayedi, Behrouz Ezatpour, Khatere Anbari, Hamid Reza Karimi Rouzbahani, Ali Chegeni Sharafi, Abolfazl Zendehdel, Negar Bizhani, Mohammad Bagher RokniAbstract:Background: The purpose of this study was to perform seroepidemiological investigation for determining the status of human Fasciolosis in Pirabad Village, Lorestan Province, western Iran. Methods: Blood samples were taken from residents of the village including 801 individuals. Sera were separated and stored at -20°C until used. The samples were analyzed using ELISA. Results: Anti- Fasciola antibodies were detected in 6 (0.7%) individuals. Difference between age, sex and drinking or swimming in the surface water with seropositivity to Fasciolosis was not significant. Out of 7 shepherds, 1 (14.3%) was seropositive. Due to the small number of shepherds, comprehensive statistical inference in this regard cannot be done. Significant difference was detected between seropositivity to Fasciolosis and consuming local freshwater vegetables during the last 6 months ( P =0.001). Conclusion: Metacercariae carrying local freshwater plants might be the main source of contamination because consumption of these kinds of vegetables was confirmed by all participants. Awareness of local communities regarding the danger of freshwater plant consumption, through health education programs, will decrease the risk of infection.
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Fasciolosis in the mena region
2014Co-Authors: Mohammad Bagher Rokni, Wael M Lotfy, Kayhan Ashrafi, Darwin K MurrellAbstract:Fasciolosis, a helminthic parasitic disease caused by liver fluke Fasciola spp. is considered an emerging and reemerging parasitic disease of global significance. In the MENA region, which includes more than 20 countries of the Middle East and North Africa, human Fasciolosis is most important in Iran and Egypt with more than 30,000 cases reported. Human and animal Fasciolosis has been reported from all countries of the region but to a lesser extent. Important factors in this region that affect the prevalence of infectious diseases such as Fasciolosis are the political turmoil and government instability that impede proper public health management. In this chapter, the authors describe the status, basic biology, epidemiology and clinical disease of Fasciolosis in the region.
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evaluation of fast elisa versus standard elisa to diagnose human Fasciolosis
Archives of Iranian Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Mohammad Taghi Rahimi, Kayhan Ashrafi, Soheyla Koosha, Jahangir Abdi, Mohammad Bagher RokniAbstract:BACKGROUND: The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare a fast-ELISA (F-ELISA) method versus standard-ELISA (S-ELISA) to diagnose human Fasciolosis. METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from 35 individuals infected with Fasciolosis, 27 infected with other parasitoses and 22 from healthy people. The samples were examined with S-ELISA (30-minute incubation periods) and F-ELISA (10-minute incubation periods) for total antibody response against Fasciolosis. RESULTS: The optimum conditions for S-ELISA and F-ELISA were respectively as follows: antigen 10 and 5 µg/mL, sera 1:500 dilution for both, peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgG diluted 1:7000 and 1:10000. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.0. Cut-off vale for S-ELISA and F-ELISA was determined as 0.56 and 0.42, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity; positive, and negative predictive values were detected as 97.2%, 100%, 94.6%, and 95.6% for both tests. CONCLUSION: Cut-off values, sensitivity, specificity, and other important parameters of the two evaluated tests determined that the F-ELISA method could be used with no detectable difference.
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Evaluation of the Stability of Coated Plates with Antigen at Different Temperatures and Times by ELISA Test to Diagnose Fasciolosis
Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 2010Co-Authors: Mohammad Bagher Rokni, Mojgan Aryaeipour, S Koosha, Mohammad Taghi RahimiAbstract:Background: Considering that ELISA method presently is the test of choice for diagnosis of fasciolosis, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the maximum validity of coated plates at different temperatures and different times during one year of evaluation. Methods: Serum samples of patients infected with Fasciolosis (n=10), hydatidosis (n=5), toxocariasis (n=5), and negative control sera (n=5) were examined. Two series of plates were considered. The first series were coated with Fasciola homogenate Ag 12 ug/ml, and after some steps were blocked with gelatin and preserved at different temperatures as -80 °C , -20 °C, -4 °C and +4°C. The 2 nd series were treated under the same criteria but were not blocked with gelatin. Each series were examined by ELISA test from 1 st month to 12 th month. Sera with 1:125 dilution, and peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgG diluted 1:10000 were considered optimum. Results: To ease reporting the results and due to many similarities only results related to 1 st , 6 th and 12 th months were analyzed and sensitivity, specificity plus cut-off were determined for each series separately. Conclusion: Preserving the coated plates, while unblocked at -80°C for 6-8 months is pertinent and functional and in that case, we can be sure the best out put would be applicable.
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comparison of adult somatic and cysteine proteinase antigens of fasciola gigantica in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of human Fasciolosis
Acta Tropica, 2003Co-Authors: Mohammad Bagher Rokni, J Massoud, A HaniloAbstract:Fasciolosis caused by Fasciola hepatica and F.gigantica is one of the major public health problems in the world and in Iran. Considering that stool examination for Fasciola eggs is not a sensitive method and only 25% of infected patients pass the eggs in the faeces , and immunodiagnosis methods are more applicable for this purpose, the present study was conducted to compare the somatic (S) and cysteine proteinase (CP) antigens of F.gigantica in IgG-ELISA to diagnose human Fasciolosis. This has been the first report on this case so far in Iran. Serum samples obtained from 178 individuals collected during the Fasciolosis outbreak in 1999 in the Gilan province, northern Iran, that were coprologically positive for Fasciolosis, were analyzed by IgG-ELISA for total antibody responses against (S) and CP antigens from Fasciola gigantica. The cut-off points for (S) and CP were 0.38 and 0.33, respectively. All cases that showed clinical manifestations of Fasciolosis, were also seropositive using both (S) and CP antigens whereas all 25 non-infected controls were seronegative. Therefore, the sensitivity of the test was 100% for both antigens. On the other hand the specificity of (S) and CP antigens were calculated as 96.4% and 98.1%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of the test regarding (S) antigen were 97.8% and 100%, whereas these values as for CP antigen were 98.9% and 100% correspondingly. Two individuals with hydatidosis and two with toxocariasis had antibodies against (S) antigen whereas concerning CP antigen, one individual with hydatidosis and another with toxocariasis showed cross reactivity against it. We have demonstrated that altogether CP antigen provide a more conclusive diagnosis as possessing lower cut-off and enabling better to discriminate between seronegative and seropositive subpopulations.This study may be useful to implement a reliable test to diagnose human Fasciolosis and for seroepidmiological objectives.
Santiago Mascoma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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anaemia in advanced chronic Fasciolosis
Acta Tropica, 2008Co-Authors: M A Valero, Nuria Girones, M A Garciabodelon, Maria Victoria Periago, Isabel Chicocalero, Messaoud Khoubbane, Manuel Fresno, Santiago MascomaAbstract:Abstract The association between Fasciolosis-induced anaemia and related factors has been quantified in a rodent model. Haematological parameters were analysed in Wistar rats at 20 and 60 weeks post-infection (p.i.). Pigment stones and bile specimens were collected. Serum IgG1, IgG2a and IgE were determined in rat serum samples. Cytokine levels have been correlated with haematological parameters. The screening for gastrointestinal bleeding was carried out. Bacteriological bile cultures revealed viable bacteria in 53.8% of specimens at 60 weeks p.i. The results show that the type of anaemia in Fasciolosis might be considered a biomarker of the chronicity period of the disease, changing from normocytic to macrocytic in the early chronic period (20 weeks p.i.) and to microcytic in the advanced chronic period (60 weeks p.i.). Likewise, changing from normochromic in the early chronic period to hypochromic in the advanced chronic period. Multivariate analysis suggested an association between anaemia and the following factors: fluke burden, eggs per gram of faeces, body area of parasite, presence of blood in faeces, IgG1 and eosinophil levels, and % of splenic weight. Of all variables analysed, the fluke burden is the one which presents the highest anaemia risk, even exceeding the variable presence of blood in faeces. The development of anaemia appears to be complex and may involve multiple mechanisms. However, to the mechanisms that until now explain Fascioliosis-related anaemia (compensatory increase in erythrocyte production and a continuous drain on iron stores resulting from the parasites’ blood-sucking activities) the following causes ought to be added: haemolysis of red blood cells, the general effects of inflammation on erythropoiesis, concomitant parasitic and bacterial infections and pre-morbid nutritional abnormalities. Extrapolation to human Fasciolosis is discussed. The results of the rodent model lead to the assumption that a high risk of anaemia in subjects with a heavy parasitic burden in human hyperendemic areas of Fasciolosis is to be expected.
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high risk of bacterobilia in advanced experimental chronic Fasciolosis
Acta Tropica, 2006Co-Authors: M A Valero, M A Garciabodelon, Miriam Navarro, A Marcilla, Maria M Morales, J L Hernandez, P Mengual, Santiago MascomaAbstract:Fasciolosis is recognized as an important human disease. Wistar rats experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica were examined using data obtained in the advanced chronic state of the disease (200, 300 and 400 days post-infection, dpi). Pigment stones (PS) and bile specimens were collected. The same procedure was applied in control rats. Liver tests were determined using stored serum samples. Bacteriological bile culture revealed viable bacteria (Escherichia coli, 45% of cases, Enterococcus faecalis, 45% and Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10%). The presence of bacterobilia was associated with liver serum enzymes, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (AP) and total bilirubin levels. Multivariate analysis suggested an association between bacterobilia and the following factors: duration of parasitic infection and intensity of parasitic infection supported the impression that the obstruction caused by advanced chronic Fasciolosis in the rat may be related to biliary sepsis. Extrapolation to human infection in Fasciolosis hyperendemic areas is discussed. In conclusion, the results of the rodent model should lead to a reconsideration of treatment features in human disease, i.e. therapeutic strategies should not only include a parasitic treatment but also consider the possibility of bacterial co-infection.
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validation of a mapping and prediction model for human Fasciolosis transmission in andean very high altitude endemic areas using remote sensing data
Acta Tropica, 2001Co-Authors: Màrius V. Fuentes, John B Malone, Santiago MascomaAbstract:Abstract The present paper aims to validate the usefulness of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) obtained by satellite remote sensing for the development of local maps of risk and for prediction of human Fasciolosis in the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. The endemic area, which is located at very high altitudes (3800–4100 m) between Lake Titicaca and the valley of the city of La Paz, presents the highest prevalences and intensities of Fasciolosis known in humans. NDVI images of 1.1 km resolution from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor on board the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) series of environmental satellites appear to provide adequate information for a study area such as that of the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. The predictive value of the remotely sensed map based on NDVI data appears to be better than that from forecast indices based only on climatic data. A close correspondence was observed between real ranges of human Fasciolosis prevalence at 13 localities of known prevalence rates and the predicted ranges of Fasciolosis prevalence using NDVI maps. However, results based on NDVI map data predicted zones as risk areas where, in fact, field studies have demonstrated the absence of lymnaeid populations during snail surveys, corroborated by the absence of the parasite in humans and livestock. NDVI data maps represent a useful data component in long-term efforts to develop a comprehensive geographical information system control program model that accurately fits real epidemiological and transmission situations of human Fasciolosis in high altitude endemic areas in Andean countries.
Sandra M Oneill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a prospective view of animal and human Fasciolosis
Parasite Immunology, 2016Co-Authors: Krystyna Cwiklinski, Sandra M Oneill, Sheila Donnelly, John P DaltonAbstract:Summary Fasciolosis, a food-borne trematodiasis, results following infection with the parasites, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. These trematodes greatly affect the global agricultural community, infecting millions of ruminants worldwide and causing annual economic losses in excess of US $3 billion. Fasciolosis, an important zoonosis, is classified by WHO as a neglected tropical disease with an estimated 17 million people infected and a further 180 million people at risk of infection. The significant impact on agriculture and human health together with the increasing demand for animal-derived food products to support global population growth demonstrate that Fasciolosis is a major One Health problem. This review details the problematic issues surrounding Fasciolosis control, including drug resistance, lack of diagnosis and the threat that hybridization of the Fasciola species poses to future animal and human health. We discuss how these parasites may mediate their long-term survival through regulation and modulation of the host immune system, by altering the host immune homeostasis and/or by influencing the intestinal microbiome particularly in respect to concurrent infections with other pathogens. Large genome, transcriptome and proteomic data sets are now available to support an integrated One Health approach to develop novel diagnostic and control strategies for both animal and human disease.
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endemic human Fasciolosis in the bolivian altiplano
Epidemiology and Infection, 2007Co-Authors: Michael Parkinson, Sandra M Oneill, John P DaltonAbstract:SUMMARY Fasciolosis, caused by trematodes of the genus Fasciola, is an emerging disease of humans. One of the highest levels of human Fasciolosis hepatica is found amongst the indigenous Aymaran people of the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. A meta-analysis of epidemiological surveys from 38 communities in the region demonstrates that Fasciolosis has been endemic in the region since at least 1984 and is a zoonosis of rural communities. Human and bovine Fasciolosis is associated with the communities lying in the plain from Lake Titicaca to La Paz, predominantly in the Los Andes province. In Los Andes incidences of up to 67 % of population cohorts were found, and prevalence is age-related with the highest infection rate in children aged 8-11 years.
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diagnosis of human Fasciolosis in the gilan province of northern iran application of cathepsin l elisa
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2002Co-Authors: Mohammad Bagher Rokni, Michael Parkinson, Sandra M Oneill, J Massoud, John P DaltonAbstract:Abstract Fasciolosis, or liver fluke disease, caused by parasites of the genus Fasciola is emerging as an important disease in man, particularly in countries such as Bolivia, Peru and Egypt. Several outbreaks of this disease recently occurred in the Gilan province of Northern Iran and in 1999 alone over 10,000 individuals were infected. Our laboratory recently developed an enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) test for diagnosing human Fasciolosis in an endemic area of northern Bolivia. The assay was based on the detection of serum antibodies reactive with antigens secreted by the parasite. In the present report we examined the sensitivity and specificity of this ELISA to diagnose 176 patients residing in the Gilan province of Northern Iran. These individuals presented at health clinics with clinical symptoms of Fasciolosis and were subsequently positively diagnosed by fecal analysis. The ELISA employed total molecules secreted by the parasites (excretory/secretory, ES, products) and a protease, termed cathepsin L1 (CL1), which was purified from this preparation, as antigen. In addition, the specificity of the assay was investigated using serum from Iranian individuals that were infected with hydatidosis, toxocariasis, amoebiasis, malaria and kalaazar. Using this assay, both CL1 and ES exhibited a sensitivity of 100% (all 176 patients tested positive) and a specificity of 100% and 98.9%, respectively. In conclusion, our standardized diagnostic ELISA for human Fasciolosis based on the detection of IgG responses to parasite ES and CL1 would be a valuable tool to diagnosis human Fasciolosis in Iran and could be employed in a large survey to determine the prevalence of the disease throughout this region.