The Experts below are selected from a list of 105 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Gary Mangels - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • review of the validation of models used in Federal Insecticide fungicide and rodenticide act environmental exposure assessments
    Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2002
    Co-Authors: Russell L Jones, Gary Mangels
    Abstract:

    The first activity of the Federal Insecticide. Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) Environmental Model Validation Task Force, established to increase confidence in the use of environmental models used in regulatory assessments, was to review the literature information on validation of the pesticide root zone model (PRZM) and the groundwater loading effects of agricultural management systems (GLEAMS). This literature information indicates that these models generally predict the same or greater leaching than observed in actual field measurements, suggesting that these models are suitable for use in regulatory assessments. However, additional validation research conducted using the newest versions of the models would help improve confidence in runoff and leaching predictions because significant revisions have been made in models over the years, few of the literature studies focused on runoff losses, the number of studies having quantitative validation results is minimal, and modelers were aware of the field results in most of the literature studies. Areas for special consideration in conducting model validation research include improving the process for selecting input parameters, developing recommendations for performing calibration simulations, devising appropriate procedures for keeping results of field studies from modelers performing simulations to validate model predictions while providing access for calibration simulations, and developing quantitative statistical procedures for comparing model predictions with experimental results.

Marcie Francis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • aggregate exposures under the food quality protection act an approach using chlorpyrifos
    Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Bradley A Shurdut, Leila M Barraj, Marcie Francis
    Abstract:

    The Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-170, August 3, 1996), which amended the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), requires that the EPA evaluate pesticide safety in light of potential aggregate exposures from both nondietary and dietary routes. As with any new legislation, there has been considerable discussion and challenges presented within the regulatory and scientific communities regarding the effective implementation of this act as it relates to the determination of aggregate exposures. This paper describes a novel methodology incorporating personal exposure factors, route-specific exposure measurements, and usage information to characterize potential aggregate exposures to a widely used pesticide, chlorpyrifos. A calendar model framework has been developed to describe potential multipathway exposures to individuals. The model assimilates information regarding the typical use patterns of chlorpyrifos-containing pesticides in concert with quantitative exposure and dose measurements to estimate the probability and magnitude of exposures to members of the U.S. population. Studies measuring 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol, the primary metabolite of chlorpyrifos, in the urine of individuals within the United States show that aggregate exposures derived from this approach are consistent with actual population-based exposures to chlorpyrifos. According to this assessment, potential health risks attributed to exposure to chlorpyrifos are low when compared to relevant toxicological end points.

Russell L Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • review of the validation of models used in Federal Insecticide fungicide and rodenticide act environmental exposure assessments
    Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2002
    Co-Authors: Russell L Jones, Gary Mangels
    Abstract:

    The first activity of the Federal Insecticide. Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) Environmental Model Validation Task Force, established to increase confidence in the use of environmental models used in regulatory assessments, was to review the literature information on validation of the pesticide root zone model (PRZM) and the groundwater loading effects of agricultural management systems (GLEAMS). This literature information indicates that these models generally predict the same or greater leaching than observed in actual field measurements, suggesting that these models are suitable for use in regulatory assessments. However, additional validation research conducted using the newest versions of the models would help improve confidence in runoff and leaching predictions because significant revisions have been made in models over the years, few of the literature studies focused on runoff losses, the number of studies having quantitative validation results is minimal, and modelers were aware of the field results in most of the literature studies. Areas for special consideration in conducting model validation research include improving the process for selecting input parameters, developing recommendations for performing calibration simulations, devising appropriate procedures for keeping results of field studies from modelers performing simulations to validate model predictions while providing access for calibration simulations, and developing quantitative statistical procedures for comparing model predictions with experimental results.

Deborah L Heller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Michael A Fouch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.