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Robert G Gilbert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of cold temperature on starch molecular structure and gelatinization of late maturity alpha amylase affected wheat
Journal of Cereal Science, 2020Co-Authors: Galex K S Neoh, Xiaoyan Tan, Mark J Dieters, Glen P Fox, Robert G GilbertAbstract:The synthesis of late-maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) occurs when wheat experiences a cold-temperature ‘shock’ during the post-anthesis, grain-filling period. This markedly increases the high isoelectric point (pI) alpha-amylase in wheat grains in susceptible varieties. The affected grain has low Falling Numbers (FN) and is rejected at receival point or downGraded to Feed Grade, as low FN is associated with inferior end-product quality. However, several studies have reported the lack of correlation between low FN-LMA and end-product quality. Here, we characterize, for the first time, starch molecular structure and gelatinization properties of cold-treated wheat grains; starch structure has significant influence on flour functionality and end-product quality. Results show that the cold-treatment during post-anthesis has minimal effect on starch structure. While there was a small decrease in the gelatinization temperature for every wholemeal flour samples from cold-treated wheat grains, this is unlikely to cause any undesirable effect on end-product. The present findings suggest that the supposition that LMA is a major contributor to inferior end-product quality should be reconsidered.
J B Carey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of animal Feed Grade sodium bisulfate supplementation on performance intestinal morphology and vitamin d status of broilers challenged with coccidiosis vaccine
The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2021Co-Authors: J C Suarez, K Knape, J B CareyAbstract:SUMMARY This study analyzed the effect of sodium bisulfate (SBS) supplementation on performance, intestinal morphology, and vitamin D3 status of broilers subjected to a 2X dose coccidiosis vaccine. Coccidiosis causes detrimental effects to poultry health and substantial economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. At day of placement, 800 one-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a vaccinated or not vaccinated group for each of the 2 dietary treatments, control or SBS. Broilers were placed in floor pens for a 21-day trial period. SBS was supplemented at 0.4% at the expense of sodium chloride. Replicates were arranged in a completely randomized block design with 25 broilers per replicate and 8 replicates per treatment, a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Body weights (BW), Feed consumption (FC), and mortality-corrected Feed conversion (FCR) were calculated at day 7, 14, and 21. Serum concentration of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3), villi and crypt measurements from small intestine, and tibia ash (TBA) were measured on day 10, and 21 along with lesion scores. Lesion scores were significantly higher (P
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effect of animal Feed Grade sodium bisulfate supplementation on performance intestinal morphology and vitamin d status of broilers subjected to a coccidiosis vaccine challenge
The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2021Co-Authors: J C Suarez, K Knape, J B CareyAbstract:SUMMARY This study analyzed the effect of sodium bisulfate (SBS) supplementation on performance, intestinal morphology, and vitamin D3 status of broilers subjected to a 2X dose coccidiosis vaccine. Coccidiosis causes detrimental effects to poultry health and substantial economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. At day of placement, 800 one-day-old male Cobb500 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a vaccinated or not vaccinated group for each of the two dietary treatments, control or SBS. Broilers were placed in floor pens for a 21-day trial period. SBS was supplemented at 0.4% at the expense of sodium chloride. Replicates were arranged in a completely randomized block design with twenty-five broilers per replicate and eight replicates per treatment, a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Body weights (BW), Feed consumption (FC), and mortality-corrected Feed conversion (FCR) were calculated at day 7, 14, and 21. Serum concentration of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3), villi and crypt measurements from small intestine, and tibia ash (TBA) were measured on day 10, and 21 along with lesion scores. Lesion scores were significantly higher (P
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supplementation of Feed Grade sodium bisulfate in broiler diets improves Feed efficiency
International Journal of Poultry Science, 2011Co-Authors: C Ruiz A Feria, J L Grimes, E Larrison, M Davis, M B Farnell, J B Carey, J PittsAbstract:3 Abstract: The effects of Sodium Bisulfate (SB) supplementation on growth, intestinal integrity, blood gas chemistry and litter microbiology of broiler chickens were evaluated. Birds were fed a corn-soybean meal diet meeting all of the NRC (1994) requirements. In Exp. 1 birds were fed diets supplemented with 0 (control diet, CTL), 0.25, 0.5, or 0.75% (w/w) of Feed-Grade SB (SB25, SB50 and SB75, respectively); in Exp. 2 and 3 only the CTL, SB25 and SB75 diets were evaluated. In Exp. 4 the chicks (n = 920) were placed in 20 pens and fed the CTL diet, or the SB25 diet offered during the first 21, 35, or 49 d (21D, 35D and 49D, respectively); the CTL diet was offered until the end of experiment (d 49) for treatments 21D and 35D. The data was analyzed as a two way ANOVA (diet and gender as main effects). In Exp. 1 birds fed diets with SB had lower FC than birds fed the CTL diet, but BW was not different among treatments. In Exp. 2 females fed the SB25 diet were heavier (p<0.05) at d 21 than females fed the CTL or the SB75 diet; the FC was similar among groups. In Exp. 3 chickens fed the SB25 or SB75 diets were consistently heavier and had a lower FC (p<0.05) than birds fed the CTL diet. In Exp. 4 birds fed the SB25 diet had lower BW than birds fed the CTL diet; however birds in the 35D or 49D treatments had a better FC than birds fed the CTL diet. The litter of birds fed the SB25 diet had lower levels of Salmonella at wk 4 and 6 in Experiment 3 and at wk 4 in Exp. 4. Neither the duodenum villus height nor the blood gas composition was affected by the dietary treatments. Our results show that SB supplementation improves productive performance and reduces the environmental levels of Salmonella, with variable efficacy, perhaps due to seasonal conditions.
Glen P Fox - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of cold temperature on starch molecular structure and gelatinization of late maturity alpha amylase affected wheat
Journal of Cereal Science, 2020Co-Authors: Galex K S Neoh, Xiaoyan Tan, Mark J Dieters, Glen P Fox, Robert G GilbertAbstract:The synthesis of late-maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) occurs when wheat experiences a cold-temperature ‘shock’ during the post-anthesis, grain-filling period. This markedly increases the high isoelectric point (pI) alpha-amylase in wheat grains in susceptible varieties. The affected grain has low Falling Numbers (FN) and is rejected at receival point or downGraded to Feed Grade, as low FN is associated with inferior end-product quality. However, several studies have reported the lack of correlation between low FN-LMA and end-product quality. Here, we characterize, for the first time, starch molecular structure and gelatinization properties of cold-treated wheat grains; starch structure has significant influence on flour functionality and end-product quality. Results show that the cold-treatment during post-anthesis has minimal effect on starch structure. While there was a small decrease in the gelatinization temperature for every wholemeal flour samples from cold-treated wheat grains, this is unlikely to cause any undesirable effect on end-product. The present findings suggest that the supposition that LMA is a major contributor to inferior end-product quality should be reconsidered.
Galex K S Neoh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Late-Maturity Alpha-Amylase in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Its Impact on Fresh White Sauce Qualities.
eScholarship University of California, 2021Co-Authors: Galex K S Neoh, Dieters, Mark J, Tao Keyu, Fox, Glen P, Phuong Tm Nguyen, Gilbert, Robert GAbstract:When wheat experiences a cold-temperature 'shock' during the late stage of grain filling, it triggers the abnormal synthesis of late-maturity α-amylase (LMA). This increases the enzyme content in affected grain, which can lead to a drastic reduction in falling number (FN). By commercial standards, a low FN is taken as an indication of inferior quality, deemed unsuitable for end-product usage. Hence, LMA-affected grains are either rejected or downGraded to Feed Grade at the grain receiving point. However, previous studies have found no substantial correlation between low FN-LMA and bread quality. The present study extends previous investigations to semi-solid food, evaluating the physical quality of fresh white sauce processed from LMA-affected flour. Results show that high-LMA flours had low FNs and exhibited poor pasting characteristics. However, gelation occurred in the presence of other components during fresh white sauce processing. This demonstrates that LMA-affected flours may have new applications in low-viscosity products
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effects of cold temperature on starch molecular structure and gelatinization of late maturity alpha amylase affected wheat
Journal of Cereal Science, 2020Co-Authors: Galex K S Neoh, Xiaoyan Tan, Mark J Dieters, Glen P Fox, Robert G GilbertAbstract:The synthesis of late-maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) occurs when wheat experiences a cold-temperature ‘shock’ during the post-anthesis, grain-filling period. This markedly increases the high isoelectric point (pI) alpha-amylase in wheat grains in susceptible varieties. The affected grain has low Falling Numbers (FN) and is rejected at receival point or downGraded to Feed Grade, as low FN is associated with inferior end-product quality. However, several studies have reported the lack of correlation between low FN-LMA and end-product quality. Here, we characterize, for the first time, starch molecular structure and gelatinization properties of cold-treated wheat grains; starch structure has significant influence on flour functionality and end-product quality. Results show that the cold-treatment during post-anthesis has minimal effect on starch structure. While there was a small decrease in the gelatinization temperature for every wholemeal flour samples from cold-treated wheat grains, this is unlikely to cause any undesirable effect on end-product. The present findings suggest that the supposition that LMA is a major contributor to inferior end-product quality should be reconsidered.
Steven C Ricke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sodium bisulfate and a sodium bisulfate tannin mixture decreases ph when added to an in vitro incubated poultry cecal or fecal contents while reducing salmonella typhimurium marker strain survival and altering the microbiome
Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B-pesticides Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes, 2017Co-Authors: Peter M Rubinelli, Sun Ae Kim, Si Hong Park, Stephanie M Roto, Steven C RickeAbstract:ABSTRACTThe objective of the present study was to investigate the ability of animal Feed-Grade sodium bisulfate (SBS) and a mixture of sodium bisulfate/tannin to inhibit the growth of Salmonella using an anerobic in vitro mixed cecal culture to mimic the conditions within the chicken cecum. An initial inoculum of Salmonella Typhimurium was introduced to an anerobic dilution solution containing 1/3000 diluted cecal bacteria and solids consisting of ground chicken Feed and different percentages of solid SBS or SBS/tannin, and surviving organisms were enumerated. Two different experimental designs were employed. In the “unadapted” treatment, the S. Typhimurium was added at the beginning of the culture incubation along with cecal bacteria and chicken Feed/SBS or chicken Feed/SBS/tannin. In the “adapted” treatment, S. Typhimurium was added after a 24 hour pre-incubation of the cecal bacteria with the chicken Feed/SBS or chicken Feed/SBS/tannin. Adding SBS resulted in reduction of pH in the cultures which paral...
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evaluation of Feed Grade sodium bisulfate impact on gastrointestinal tract microbiota ecology in broilers via a pyrosequencing platform
Poultry Science, 2015Co-Authors: Si Hong Park, Scot E Dowd, J L Mcreynolds, J A Byrd, David J Nisbet, Steven C RickeAbstract:The gastrointestinal microbial community in broiler chickens consists of many different species of bacteria, and the overall microbiota can vary from bird to bird. To control pathogenic bacteria in broilers and improve gut health, numerous potential dietary amendments have been used. In this study, we used a pyrosequencing platform to evaluate the effect of sodium bisulfate on microbiota of the crop, cecum, and ileum of broiler chickens grown over several weeks. The diversity information in each digestive organ sample exhibited considerable variation and was clearly separable, suggesting distinct bacterial populations. Although no apparent microbial clustering occurred between the control and the dietary treatments, we did observe shifts in overall microbiota populations in the crop, ileum, and ceca as well as changes in specific microorganisms such as Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Lactobacillus species that were identified as birds became older.
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the potential to reduce poultry nitrogen emissions with specific uricase egg yolk Feed Grade antibodies
Worlds Poultry Science Journal, 2013Co-Authors: W K Kim, Paul H Patterson, J C Rodriguezlecompte, Steven C RickeAbstract:One of the environmental challenges that the poultry industry has faced is manure utilisation and/or disposal. Poultry manure and its nitrogenous compounds can be a potential pollutant causing eutr...