The Experts below are selected from a list of 9654 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kaitlin L Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Female Labor Force participation in the us how is immigration shaping recent trends
Social Science Research, 2020Co-Authors: Patricia A Mcmanus, Kaitlin L JohnsonAbstract:Abstract Women entered the paid workForce in unprecedented numbers during the 20th century. Yet recent years have been witness to a creeping reversal in women's Labor Force participation. Why did the revolution stall? In response to debates over a “natural” limit to women's employment, or a cultural backlash against the dual-breadwinner household, we consider an alternative explanation, namely whether immigration has slowed the growth in Female Labor Force participation. Using CPS data from 1998 to 2018, we show that the increase in the share of immigrants and children of immigrants in the population has reduced overall Female Labor Force participation. However, immigration accounts for relatively little of the retreat from the Labor Force. Instead, the compositional effect of population change is overshadowed by behavioral shifts that affect both natives and immigrants. Lower participation rates among native-born women accounts for most of the overall decline. Despite persistent differences, we also find substantial convergence in the Labor Force behavior of native-born and foreign-born women, which bodes well for the long-term economic incorporation of immigrants and their children.
Martin Rama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Job Opportunities along the Rural-Urban Gradation and Female Labor Force Participation in India - Job Opportunities along the Rural-Urban Gradation and Female Labor Force Participation in India
Policy Research Working Papers, 2015Co-Authors: Urmila Chatterjee, Rinku Murgai, Martin RamaAbstract:The recent decline in India’s rural Female Labor Force participation is generally attributed to higher rural incomes in a patriarchal society. Together with the growing share of the urban population, where Female participation rates are lower, this alleged income effect does not bode well for the empowerment of women as India develops. This paper argues that a traditional supply-side interpretation is insufficient to account for the decline in Female participation rates, and the transformation of the demand for Labor at local levels needs to be taken into account as well. A salient trait of this period is the collapse in the number of farming jobs without a parallel emergence of other employment opportunities considered suitable for women. The paper develops a novel approach to capture the structure of employment at the village or town level, and allow for differences along six ranks in the rural-urban gradation. It also considers the possible misclassification of urban areas as rural, as a result of household surveys lagging behind India’s rapid urbanization process. The results show that the place of residence along the rural-urban gradation loses relevance as an explanation of Female Labor Force participation once local job opportunities are taken into account. Robustness checks confirm that the main findings hold even when taking into account the possibility of spurious correlation and endogeneity. They also hold under alternative definitions of Labor Force participation and when sub-samples of women are considered. Simulations suggest that for India to reverse the decline in Female Labor Force participation rates it needs to boost job creation.
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job opportunities along the rural urban gradation and Female Labor Force participation in india
2015Co-Authors: Urmila Chatterjee, Rinku Murgai, Martin RamaAbstract:The recent decline in India’s rural Female Labor Force participation is generally attributed to higher rural incomes in a patriarchal society. Together with the growing share of the urban population, where Female participation rates are lower, this alleged income effect does not bode well for the empowerment of women as India develops. This paper argues that a traditional supply-side interpretation is insufficient to account for the decline in Female participation rates, and the transformation of the demand for Labor at local levels needs to be taken into account as well. A salient trait of this period is the collapse in the number of farming jobs without a parallel emergence of other employment opportunities considered suitable for women. The paper develops a novel approach to capture the structure of employment at the village or town level, and allow for differences along six ranks in the rural-urban gradation. It also considers the possible misclassification of urban areas as rural, as a result of household surveys lagging behind India’s rapid urbanization process. The results show that the place of residence along the rural-urban gradation loses relevance as an explanation of Female Labor Force participation once local job opportunities are taken into account. Robustness checks confirm that the main findings hold even when taking into account the possibility of spurious correlation and endogeneity. They also hold under alternative definitions of Labor Force participation and when sub-samples of women are considered. Simulations suggest that for India to reverse the decline in Female Labor Force participation rates it needs to boost job creation.
Patricia A Mcmanus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Female Labor Force participation in the us how is immigration shaping recent trends
Social Science Research, 2020Co-Authors: Patricia A Mcmanus, Kaitlin L JohnsonAbstract:Abstract Women entered the paid workForce in unprecedented numbers during the 20th century. Yet recent years have been witness to a creeping reversal in women's Labor Force participation. Why did the revolution stall? In response to debates over a “natural” limit to women's employment, or a cultural backlash against the dual-breadwinner household, we consider an alternative explanation, namely whether immigration has slowed the growth in Female Labor Force participation. Using CPS data from 1998 to 2018, we show that the increase in the share of immigrants and children of immigrants in the population has reduced overall Female Labor Force participation. However, immigration accounts for relatively little of the retreat from the Labor Force. Instead, the compositional effect of population change is overshadowed by behavioral shifts that affect both natives and immigrants. Lower participation rates among native-born women accounts for most of the overall decline. Despite persistent differences, we also find substantial convergence in the Labor Force behavior of native-born and foreign-born women, which bodes well for the long-term economic incorporation of immigrants and their children.
Urmila Chatterjee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Job Opportunities along the Rural-Urban Gradation and Female Labor Force Participation in India - Job Opportunities along the Rural-Urban Gradation and Female Labor Force Participation in India
Policy Research Working Papers, 2015Co-Authors: Urmila Chatterjee, Rinku Murgai, Martin RamaAbstract:The recent decline in India’s rural Female Labor Force participation is generally attributed to higher rural incomes in a patriarchal society. Together with the growing share of the urban population, where Female participation rates are lower, this alleged income effect does not bode well for the empowerment of women as India develops. This paper argues that a traditional supply-side interpretation is insufficient to account for the decline in Female participation rates, and the transformation of the demand for Labor at local levels needs to be taken into account as well. A salient trait of this period is the collapse in the number of farming jobs without a parallel emergence of other employment opportunities considered suitable for women. The paper develops a novel approach to capture the structure of employment at the village or town level, and allow for differences along six ranks in the rural-urban gradation. It also considers the possible misclassification of urban areas as rural, as a result of household surveys lagging behind India’s rapid urbanization process. The results show that the place of residence along the rural-urban gradation loses relevance as an explanation of Female Labor Force participation once local job opportunities are taken into account. Robustness checks confirm that the main findings hold even when taking into account the possibility of spurious correlation and endogeneity. They also hold under alternative definitions of Labor Force participation and when sub-samples of women are considered. Simulations suggest that for India to reverse the decline in Female Labor Force participation rates it needs to boost job creation.
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job opportunities along the rural urban gradation and Female Labor Force participation in india
2015Co-Authors: Urmila Chatterjee, Rinku Murgai, Martin RamaAbstract:The recent decline in India’s rural Female Labor Force participation is generally attributed to higher rural incomes in a patriarchal society. Together with the growing share of the urban population, where Female participation rates are lower, this alleged income effect does not bode well for the empowerment of women as India develops. This paper argues that a traditional supply-side interpretation is insufficient to account for the decline in Female participation rates, and the transformation of the demand for Labor at local levels needs to be taken into account as well. A salient trait of this period is the collapse in the number of farming jobs without a parallel emergence of other employment opportunities considered suitable for women. The paper develops a novel approach to capture the structure of employment at the village or town level, and allow for differences along six ranks in the rural-urban gradation. It also considers the possible misclassification of urban areas as rural, as a result of household surveys lagging behind India’s rapid urbanization process. The results show that the place of residence along the rural-urban gradation loses relevance as an explanation of Female Labor Force participation once local job opportunities are taken into account. Robustness checks confirm that the main findings hold even when taking into account the possibility of spurious correlation and endogeneity. They also hold under alternative definitions of Labor Force participation and when sub-samples of women are considered. Simulations suggest that for India to reverse the decline in Female Labor Force participation rates it needs to boost job creation.
Maria C. Correia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Precarious Drop: Reassessing Patterns of Female Labor Force Participation in India - Precarious drop : reassessing patterns of Female Labor Force participation in India
Policy Research Working Papers, 2017Co-Authors: Luis Alberto Andres, Basab Dasgupta, George Joseph, Vinoj Abraham, Maria C. CorreiaAbstract:This paper uses successive rounds of National Sample Survey Organization data from 1993-94 to 2011-12, and draws from census data. This paper (i) provides a description of nearly two decades of patterns and trends in Female Labor Force participation in India; (ii) estimates the extent of the recent decline in Female Labor Force participation; and (iii) examines and assesses the contribution of various demographic and socioeconomic factors in explaining the Female Labor Force participation decision and the recent the drop. The analysis finds that Female Labor Force participation dropped by 19.6 million women from 2004–05 to 2011–12. Participation declined by 11.4 percent, from 42.6 to 31.2 percent during 1993–94 to 2011–12. Approximately 53 percent of this drop occurred in rural India, among those ages 15 to 24 years. Factors such as educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and household composition largely contributed to the drop, although their effects were more pronounced in rural areas. Specifically, the analysis finds a U-shaped relationship between levels of educational attainment and Female Labor Force participation. The decomposition of the contribution of these various determinants to the Female Labor Force participation decision suggests that stability in family income, as indicated by the increasing share of regular wage earners and declining share of casual Labor in the composition of family Labor supply, has led Female family members to choose dropping out of, rather than joining, the Labor Force. The findings of this paper suggest that conventional approaches to increasing Female Labor Force participation (such as education and skills and legal provisions) will be insufficient. Policies should center on promoting the acceptability of Female employment and investing in growing economic sectors that are more attractive for Female employment.
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precarious drop reassessing patterns of Female Labor Force participation in india
2017Co-Authors: Luis Alberto Andres, Basab Dasgupta, George Joseph, Vinoj Abraham, Maria C. CorreiaAbstract:This paper uses successive rounds of National Sample Survey Organization data from 1993-94 to 2011-12, and draws from census data. This paper (i) provides a description of nearly two decades of patterns and trends in Female Labor Force participation in India; (ii) estimates the extent of the recent decline in Female Labor Force participation; and (iii) examines and assesses the contribution of various demographic and socioeconomic factors in explaining the Female Labor Force participation decision and the recent the drop. The analysis finds that Female Labor Force participation dropped by 19.6 million women from 2004–05 to 2011–12. Participation declined by 11.4 percent, from 42.6 to 31.2 percent during 1993–94 to 2011–12. Approximately 53 percent of this drop occurred in rural India, among those ages 15 to 24 years. Factors such as educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and household composition largely contributed to the drop, although their effects were more pronounced in rural areas. Specifically, the analysis finds a U-shaped relationship between levels of educational attainment and Female Labor Force participation. The decomposition of the contribution of these various determinants to the Female Labor Force participation decision suggests that stability in family income, as indicated by the increasing share of regular wage earners and declining share of casual Labor in the composition of family Labor supply, has led Female family members to choose dropping out of, rather than joining, the Labor Force. The findings of this paper suggest that conventional approaches to increasing Female Labor Force participation (such as education and skills and legal provisions) will be insufficient. Policies should center on promoting the acceptability of Female employment and investing in growing economic sectors that are more attractive for Female employment.
