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Anne C Looker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Femur Neck bone mineral density and fracture risk by age sex and race or hispanic origin in older us adults from nhanes iii
    Archives of Osteoporosis, 2013
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker
    Abstract:

    Summary Differences in the relationship between Femur Neck bone mineral density (FNBMD) and fracture risk were examined by age, sex, and race/ethnicity in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) cohort. FNBMD had similar, significant predictive utility for fracture in the different subgroups, but it did not completely account for subgroup differences in risk.

  • lumbar spine bone mineral density in us adults demographic patterns and relationship with Femur Neck skeletal status
    Osteoporosis International, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, L J Melton, Lori G Borrud, John A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    This analysis examines lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) of US adults from NHANES 2005–2008 by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Prevalence of low spine BMD and agreement between the prevalence of low BMD at the spine and Femur Neck in older adults are also assessed. Lumbar spine BMD data from a representative sample of the US population have not been previously available. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2008 to examine demographic patterns in lumbar spine BMD among US adults age ≥20 years and the prevalence of low lumbar spine BMD in adults age ≥50 years. Agreement between the prevalence of low BMD at the Femur Neck and spine in older adults was also assessed. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure lumbar spine and Femur Neck BMD. World Health Organization definitions were used to categorize skeletal status as normal, osteopenia, or osteoporosis. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks had higher and Mexican Americans had lower lumbar spine BMD. Lumbar spine BMD declined with age in women, but not in men. Approximately 4.7 million (10%) older US women and 1 million (3%) older men had lumbar spine osteoporosis in 2005–2008. Roughly one third of them differed in skeletal status at the spine and hip but most were normal at one site and osteopenic at the other. Only 3–10%, depending on sex, had osteoporosis at one skeletal site but not at the other skeletal site. Between 76% and 87% with discordant skeletal status had lumbar spine T-scores within 1 unit of the category threshold. These findings suggest that measuring either the Femur Neck or the lumbar spine will correctly classify the majority of individuals who present for care as osteoporotic or not.

  • osteoporosis or low bone mass at the Femur Neck or lumbar spine in older adults united states 2005 2008
    NCHS data brief, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, Lori G Borrud, John A Shepherd, Bess Dawsonhughes, Nicole C Wright
    Abstract:

    Nine percent of adults over age 50 years had osteoporosis at either the Femur Neck or lumbar spine and roughly one-half had low bone mass at either of these two skeletal sites. Having osteoporosis raises the risk of experiencing fractures (1,2). The prevalence of osteoporosis or low bone mass at either the Femur Neck or lumbar spine was not the same as the prevalence of these conditions when the two skeletal sites were considered separately because some individuals had these conditions at one of the skeletal sites but not the other. The prevalence of osteoporosis or low bone mass differed by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. The prevalence was higher in women and increased with age. Differences by race and ethnicity varied depending on sex and skeletal status category, but when compared with non-Hispanic white persons, Mexican-American persons, and persons of other races tended to be at higher risk, and non-Hispanic black persons tended to be at lower risk of either osteoporosis or low bone mass at the Femur Neck or lumbar spine.

  • lumbar spine and proximal Femur bone mineral density bone mineral content and bone area united states 2005 2008
    Vital and Health Statistics Series 11: Data from the National Health Survey the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys and the Hispanic Hea, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, Lori G Borrud, John A Shepherd, Jeffery P Hughes, Bo Fan, Joseph L Melton
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE This report presents bone measurement data from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of the lumbar spine and proximal Femur for persons aged 8 years and over from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008. METHODS Means, standard deviations, and selected percentiles were calculated for the proximal Femur and lumbar spine (total and subregions) by sex, race and ethnicity, and age. Smoothed mean total lumbar spine and Femur Neck bone mineral density (BMD) were plotted by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Multiple regression was used to test for significant interactions and to calculate mean total lumbar spine and Femur Neck BMD after adjusting for age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Differences by sex, race and ethnicity, and age were summarized by calculating the percent difference in adjusted means. RESULTS Among scanned individuals, 11% lacked total lumbar spine data due to invalid data for one or more lumbar vertebrae, and 4% had invalid data for the proximal Femur. Non-Hispanic black persons had 6% higher total lumbar spine BMD and 9%-10% higher Femur Neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD and Femur Neck BMD did not differ between Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white persons in those under age 20. For those aged 20 and over, Mexican-American persons had 4% lower total lumbar spine BMD but 1% higher Femur Neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD was 8%-17% higher in females aged 8-15 compared with males of the same age. In the age group 16-49, mean total lumbar spine BMD was similar or slightly higher for females compared with males, but after age 50 it was 60%-15% lower for females compared with males. Mean Femur Neck BMD was 5%-13% lower for females than males in all age groups except 12-15.

  • changes in Femur Neck bone density in us adults between 1988 1994 and 2005 2008 demographic patterns and possible determinants
    Osteoporosis International, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, L J Melton, Lori G Borrud, John A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Summary This analysis compares Femur Neck bone mineral density (FNBMD) and bone determinants in adults between National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988–1994) and NHANES 2005–2008. FNBMD was higher in NHANES 2005–2008 than in NHANES III, but between-survey differences varied by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. The likelihood that FNBMD has improved appears strongest for older white women.

S B Han - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a comparison between Femur Neck preserving short stems and conventional length stems in primary cementless total hip arthroplasty
    Orthopaedic Proceedings, 2018
    Co-Authors: Y S Shin, J Lee, S B Han
    Abstract:

    A matched comparison was made between femoral Neck-preserving short, tapered stems (n = 50) and conventional length femoral stems (n = 50) in cementless total hip arthroplasty between January 2008 and January 2012. Patients were matched for age, sex, body mass index, height, surgical approach, and surgeon. In group A, mean preoperative HHS and WOMAC scores of 55.0 and 53.0, respectively, improved to mean postoperative scores of 98.6 and 3.3, respectively, at an average follow–up of 37.2 months. In group B, mean preoperative HHS and WOMAC scores of 53.0 and 49.5, respectively, improved to mean postoperative scores 97.8 and 4.4, respectively, at an average follow–up of 35.3 months. In addition, no significant differences in mean postoperative HHS (P = 0.168) or WOMAC scores (P = 0.158) were observed between the two groups according to the independent sample t-test. Table 1 shows two stems (4%) located in valgus (greater than 5° from neutral). The mean preoperative and postoperative HHS and WOMAC scores were...

  • a comparison between Femur Neck preserving short stems and conventional length stems in primary cementless total hip arthroplasty
    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-british Volume, 2016
    Co-Authors: Y S Shin, J Lee, S B Han
    Abstract:

    A matched comparison was made between femoral Neck-preserving short, tapered stems (n = 50) and conventional length femoral stems (n = 50) in cementless total hip arthroplasty between January 2008 and January 2012. Patients were matched for age, sex, body mass index, height, surgical approach, and surgeon. In group A, mean preoperative HHS and WOMAC scores of 55.0 and 53.0, respectively, improved to mean postoperative scores of 98.6 and 3.3, respectively, at an average follow–up of 37.2 months. In group B, mean preoperative HHS and WOMAC scores of 53.0 and 49.5, respectively, improved to mean postoperative scores 97.8 and 4.4, respectively, at an average follow–up of 35.3 months. In addition, no significant differences in mean postoperative HHS ( P = 0.168) or WOMAC scores ( P = 0.158) were observed between the two groups according to the independent sample t -test. Table 1 shows two stems (4%) located in valgus (greater than 5° from neutral). The mean preoperative and postoperative HHS and WOMAC scores were similar to those of stems neutrally located in group A. All group A stems displayed bone bridging and endosteal spot welds distributed in Gruen zones 2 and 6 as evidence of bony ingrowth with no radiolucencies (Fig. 1). Two patients in group B had the slight decrease in bone density, mostly in Gruen zone 1 and 7. No radiographic evidence of osteolytic lesions, cortical hypertrophy, or acetabular fractures was detected in either group. Furthermore, no patient required revision surgery for aseptic loosening. The chi–square (Fisher9s exact) test showed no significant difference between the two groups with respect to patient complications (Table 2). One patient in group A with a CCD angle of 135° had subsidence (greater than 2 mm, P = 0.313) that displayed bony ingrowth with no further progression of subsidence at final follow-up. An intraoperative minor Femur Neck fracture ( P = 1.00) occurred in two patients (one in group A and one in group B). These patients were treated by cerclage wires without further incident. Three patients (two in group A: valgus and a CCD angle 135°, and one in group B: varus) had malalignment ( P = 0.554) that was not associated with loosening. One patient in group A with a CCD angle of 135° had greater than 1 cm leg length discrepancy (shortening, P = 0.313). Two patients in group B had thigh pain ( P = 0.151) that disappeared after a few months. Three patients (one in group A and two in group B) had heterotopic ossifications ( P = 0.554) that were categorized as Brooker class I in two patients and class II in one patient without limiting their activities. In conclusion, no significant differences in the clinical and radiographic outcomes as well as component-specific complications were observed between the two groups, showing satisfactory performance at the 5-year follow-up. Group A had a higher incidence of malalignment and subsidence and a lower incidence of thigh pain and proximal bone resorption than group B.

Anette Hylen Ranhoff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a restrictive policy for red blood cell transfusion in older hip fracture patients experiences from a patient register
    BMC Research Notes, 2016
    Co-Authors: Mette Irene Martinsen, Haldor Valland, Ludvig Fjeld Solheim, Kristin Holvik, Anette Hylen Ranhoff
    Abstract:

    Allogeneic red blood cell transfusions (ABT) are common in older hip fracture patients. Recent research supports a restrictive transfusion policy. The aim was to study variation in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and clinical outcomes in these patients. Cross-sectional study with one-year follow-up in an orthogeriatric unit. Data were obtained from a quality register with demographic and medical information collected by an interdisciplinary team. 106 (22 %) of the 491 patients admitted from September 2011 throughout September 2012 (76 % women, mean age 85 years) received ABT. When given ABT, 80 % had Hb <80 g/l and mean Hb was 78 g/l. Mean Hb, regardless ABT, showed variation from 125 g/l (±16) on admission to 106 g/l (±17), 101 g/l (±16) and 102 g/l (±14) on 1st, 3rd and 5th postoperative day respectively. Patients with per-/subtrochanteric fractures more often received ABT than those with Femur Neck fractures (p < 0.001), 70 % of the patients receiving ABT had a per-/subtrochanteric fracture. Patients who received ABT were older, had more chronic diseases and lower mean Hb throughout the hospital stay. Length of stay was longer (median 7 vs. 6 days, p = 0.01), and medical complications more common. In-hospital and 30-day mortalities were similar in patients given ABT and in those who were not, but 1-year mortality was higher among patients who were given ABT (p = 0.008). Hb had a tendency to fall during the three first days after surgery and seemed to be stabilized on day 5. Patients who received ABT had poorer health, but not significantly higher short-term mortality. This study demonstrates a restrictive transfusion policy.

Y S Shin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a comparison between Femur Neck preserving short stems and conventional length stems in primary cementless total hip arthroplasty
    Orthopaedic Proceedings, 2018
    Co-Authors: Y S Shin, J Lee, S B Han
    Abstract:

    A matched comparison was made between femoral Neck-preserving short, tapered stems (n = 50) and conventional length femoral stems (n = 50) in cementless total hip arthroplasty between January 2008 and January 2012. Patients were matched for age, sex, body mass index, height, surgical approach, and surgeon. In group A, mean preoperative HHS and WOMAC scores of 55.0 and 53.0, respectively, improved to mean postoperative scores of 98.6 and 3.3, respectively, at an average follow–up of 37.2 months. In group B, mean preoperative HHS and WOMAC scores of 53.0 and 49.5, respectively, improved to mean postoperative scores 97.8 and 4.4, respectively, at an average follow–up of 35.3 months. In addition, no significant differences in mean postoperative HHS (P = 0.168) or WOMAC scores (P = 0.158) were observed between the two groups according to the independent sample t-test. Table 1 shows two stems (4%) located in valgus (greater than 5° from neutral). The mean preoperative and postoperative HHS and WOMAC scores were...

  • a comparison between Femur Neck preserving short stems and conventional length stems in primary cementless total hip arthroplasty
    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-british Volume, 2016
    Co-Authors: Y S Shin, J Lee, S B Han
    Abstract:

    A matched comparison was made between femoral Neck-preserving short, tapered stems (n = 50) and conventional length femoral stems (n = 50) in cementless total hip arthroplasty between January 2008 and January 2012. Patients were matched for age, sex, body mass index, height, surgical approach, and surgeon. In group A, mean preoperative HHS and WOMAC scores of 55.0 and 53.0, respectively, improved to mean postoperative scores of 98.6 and 3.3, respectively, at an average follow–up of 37.2 months. In group B, mean preoperative HHS and WOMAC scores of 53.0 and 49.5, respectively, improved to mean postoperative scores 97.8 and 4.4, respectively, at an average follow–up of 35.3 months. In addition, no significant differences in mean postoperative HHS ( P = 0.168) or WOMAC scores ( P = 0.158) were observed between the two groups according to the independent sample t -test. Table 1 shows two stems (4%) located in valgus (greater than 5° from neutral). The mean preoperative and postoperative HHS and WOMAC scores were similar to those of stems neutrally located in group A. All group A stems displayed bone bridging and endosteal spot welds distributed in Gruen zones 2 and 6 as evidence of bony ingrowth with no radiolucencies (Fig. 1). Two patients in group B had the slight decrease in bone density, mostly in Gruen zone 1 and 7. No radiographic evidence of osteolytic lesions, cortical hypertrophy, or acetabular fractures was detected in either group. Furthermore, no patient required revision surgery for aseptic loosening. The chi–square (Fisher9s exact) test showed no significant difference between the two groups with respect to patient complications (Table 2). One patient in group A with a CCD angle of 135° had subsidence (greater than 2 mm, P = 0.313) that displayed bony ingrowth with no further progression of subsidence at final follow-up. An intraoperative minor Femur Neck fracture ( P = 1.00) occurred in two patients (one in group A and one in group B). These patients were treated by cerclage wires without further incident. Three patients (two in group A: valgus and a CCD angle 135°, and one in group B: varus) had malalignment ( P = 0.554) that was not associated with loosening. One patient in group A with a CCD angle of 135° had greater than 1 cm leg length discrepancy (shortening, P = 0.313). Two patients in group B had thigh pain ( P = 0.151) that disappeared after a few months. Three patients (one in group A and two in group B) had heterotopic ossifications ( P = 0.554) that were categorized as Brooker class I in two patients and class II in one patient without limiting their activities. In conclusion, no significant differences in the clinical and radiographic outcomes as well as component-specific complications were observed between the two groups, showing satisfactory performance at the 5-year follow-up. Group A had a higher incidence of malalignment and subsidence and a lower incidence of thigh pain and proximal bone resorption than group B.

John A Shepherd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • lumbar spine bone mineral density in us adults demographic patterns and relationship with Femur Neck skeletal status
    Osteoporosis International, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, L J Melton, Lori G Borrud, John A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    This analysis examines lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) of US adults from NHANES 2005–2008 by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Prevalence of low spine BMD and agreement between the prevalence of low BMD at the spine and Femur Neck in older adults are also assessed. Lumbar spine BMD data from a representative sample of the US population have not been previously available. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2008 to examine demographic patterns in lumbar spine BMD among US adults age ≥20 years and the prevalence of low lumbar spine BMD in adults age ≥50 years. Agreement between the prevalence of low BMD at the Femur Neck and spine in older adults was also assessed. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure lumbar spine and Femur Neck BMD. World Health Organization definitions were used to categorize skeletal status as normal, osteopenia, or osteoporosis. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks had higher and Mexican Americans had lower lumbar spine BMD. Lumbar spine BMD declined with age in women, but not in men. Approximately 4.7 million (10%) older US women and 1 million (3%) older men had lumbar spine osteoporosis in 2005–2008. Roughly one third of them differed in skeletal status at the spine and hip but most were normal at one site and osteopenic at the other. Only 3–10%, depending on sex, had osteoporosis at one skeletal site but not at the other skeletal site. Between 76% and 87% with discordant skeletal status had lumbar spine T-scores within 1 unit of the category threshold. These findings suggest that measuring either the Femur Neck or the lumbar spine will correctly classify the majority of individuals who present for care as osteoporotic or not.

  • osteoporosis or low bone mass at the Femur Neck or lumbar spine in older adults united states 2005 2008
    NCHS data brief, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, Lori G Borrud, John A Shepherd, Bess Dawsonhughes, Nicole C Wright
    Abstract:

    Nine percent of adults over age 50 years had osteoporosis at either the Femur Neck or lumbar spine and roughly one-half had low bone mass at either of these two skeletal sites. Having osteoporosis raises the risk of experiencing fractures (1,2). The prevalence of osteoporosis or low bone mass at either the Femur Neck or lumbar spine was not the same as the prevalence of these conditions when the two skeletal sites were considered separately because some individuals had these conditions at one of the skeletal sites but not the other. The prevalence of osteoporosis or low bone mass differed by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. The prevalence was higher in women and increased with age. Differences by race and ethnicity varied depending on sex and skeletal status category, but when compared with non-Hispanic white persons, Mexican-American persons, and persons of other races tended to be at higher risk, and non-Hispanic black persons tended to be at lower risk of either osteoporosis or low bone mass at the Femur Neck or lumbar spine.

  • lumbar spine and proximal Femur bone mineral density bone mineral content and bone area united states 2005 2008
    Vital and Health Statistics Series 11: Data from the National Health Survey the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys and the Hispanic Hea, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, Lori G Borrud, John A Shepherd, Jeffery P Hughes, Bo Fan, Joseph L Melton
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE This report presents bone measurement data from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of the lumbar spine and proximal Femur for persons aged 8 years and over from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008. METHODS Means, standard deviations, and selected percentiles were calculated for the proximal Femur and lumbar spine (total and subregions) by sex, race and ethnicity, and age. Smoothed mean total lumbar spine and Femur Neck bone mineral density (BMD) were plotted by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Multiple regression was used to test for significant interactions and to calculate mean total lumbar spine and Femur Neck BMD after adjusting for age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Differences by sex, race and ethnicity, and age were summarized by calculating the percent difference in adjusted means. RESULTS Among scanned individuals, 11% lacked total lumbar spine data due to invalid data for one or more lumbar vertebrae, and 4% had invalid data for the proximal Femur. Non-Hispanic black persons had 6% higher total lumbar spine BMD and 9%-10% higher Femur Neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD and Femur Neck BMD did not differ between Mexican-American and non-Hispanic white persons in those under age 20. For those aged 20 and over, Mexican-American persons had 4% lower total lumbar spine BMD but 1% higher Femur Neck BMD than non-Hispanic white persons. Mean total lumbar spine BMD was 8%-17% higher in females aged 8-15 compared with males of the same age. In the age group 16-49, mean total lumbar spine BMD was similar or slightly higher for females compared with males, but after age 50 it was 60%-15% lower for females compared with males. Mean Femur Neck BMD was 5%-13% lower for females than males in all age groups except 12-15.

  • changes in Femur Neck bone density in us adults between 1988 1994 and 2005 2008 demographic patterns and possible determinants
    Osteoporosis International, 2012
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, L J Melton, Lori G Borrud, John A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Summary This analysis compares Femur Neck bone mineral density (FNBMD) and bone determinants in adults between National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988–1994) and NHANES 2005–2008. FNBMD was higher in NHANES 2005–2008 than in NHANES III, but between-survey differences varied by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. The likelihood that FNBMD has improved appears strongest for older white women.

  • prevalence and trends in low Femur bone density among older us adults nhanes 2005 2006 compared with nhanes iii
    Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2010
    Co-Authors: Anne C Looker, Lori G Borrud, Joseph L Melton, Tamara B Harris, John A Shepherd
    Abstract:

    Hip fracture incidence appears to be declining in the United States, but changes in bone mineral density (BMD) of the population have not been evaluated. We used Femur BMD data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2006 to estimate the prevalence of low femoral BMD in adults age 50 years and older and compared it with estimates from NHANES III (1988–1994). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry systems (pencil-beam geometry in NHANES III, fan-beam geometry in NHANES 2005–2006) were used to measure Femur BMD, and World Health Organization (WHO) definitions of low BMD were used to categorize skeletal status. In 2005–2006, 49% of older US women had osteopenia and 10% had osteoporosis at the Femur Neck. In men, 30% had Femur Neck osteopenia and 2% had Femur Neck osteoporosis. An estimated 5.3 million older men and women had osteoporosis at the Femur Neck, and 34.5 million more had osteopenia in 2005–2006. When compared with NHANES III, the age-adjusted prevalence of Femur Neck osteoporosis in NHANES 2005–2006 was lower in men (by 3 percentage units) and women (by 7 percentage units) overall and among non-Hispanic whites. Changes in body mass index or osteoporosis medication use between surveys did not fully explain the decline in osteoporosis. Owing to the increase in the number of older adults in the US population, however, more older adults had low Femur Neck BMD (osteoporosis + osteopenia) in 2005–2006 than in 1988–1994. Thus, despite the decline in prevalence, the estimated number of affected older adults in 2005–2006 remained high.