The Experts below are selected from a list of 273 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

In-sik Shin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effects of silver nanoparticles on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development in rats
    Nanotoxicology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Wook-joon Yu, In-sik Shin, Hyung-seon Baek, Changjong Moon
    Abstract:

    AbstractAlthough the potential risk of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to humans has recently increased due to widespread application, the potential effects of AgNPs on embryo-Fetal Development have not yet been determined. This study investigated the potential effects of AgNPs on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development after maternal exposure on gestational days (GD) 6–19 in rats. AgNPs were administered to pregnant rats by gavage at concentrations of 0, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg/day. All dams were subjected to Cesarean section on GD 20 and the fetuses were examined for signs of embryotoxic and teratogenic effects. Examinations of hepatic oxidant/antioxidant balance and serum biochemistry were also added to the routine Developmental toxicity study. Treatment with AgNPs caused a decrease in catalase and glutathione reductase activities at ≥100 mg/kg/day and a reduction in glutathione content at 1000 mg/kg/day in maternal liver tissues. However, no treatment-related deaths or clinical signs were observed in...

  • Effects of concrete and wood building environments on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development in rats
    Toxicological Research, 2009
    Co-Authors: In-sik Shin, Jeong Hyeon Lim, Na Hyeong Park, Sung-hwan Kim, Jong Chan Lee, Sung-ho Kim, Changjong Moon, Dong Ho Shin, Jong Choon Kim
    Abstract:

    We have recently reported that the continuous exposure of rats to a concrete building environment under cool temperatures had adverse effects on general health parameters and embryo-Fetal Development. This study examined to compare the potential effects of concrete and wood building environments on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development in rats. Groups of 10 mated females were exposed to polycarbonate (control), concrete, or wood cages from gestational days (GO) 0 to 20 under cool temperatures (11.9-12.3°C). All the females underwent a caesarean section on GO 20, and their fetuses were examined for any morphological abnormalities. The temperatures in the cages were similar in all groups but the relative humidity in the concrete and wood groups were higher than in the control group. The concentration of volatile organic compounds in the wood group was higher than in the control group. In the concrete group, maternal effects manifested as an increase in the incidence of clinical signs, a lower body weight, and a decrease in the thymus and ovary weights. Developmental effects included increased post-implantation loss and decreased litter size. Infrared thermal analysis showed that the skin temperature of the rats in the concrete group was lower than that in the control group. In contrast, there were no exposure-related adverse effects on the maternal and Developmental parameters in the wood group. Overall, the exposure of pregnant rats to a concrete building environment under cool temperatures has adverse effects on the clinical signs, body weight, skin temperature, organ weight, and embryo-Fetal Development. On the other hand, exposure to a wood building environment does not have any adverse effects in rats.

Jong Choon Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effects of concrete and wood building environments on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development in rats
    Toxicological Research, 2009
    Co-Authors: In-sik Shin, Jeong Hyeon Lim, Na Hyeong Park, Sung-hwan Kim, Jong Chan Lee, Sung-ho Kim, Changjong Moon, Dong Ho Shin, Jong Choon Kim
    Abstract:

    We have recently reported that the continuous exposure of rats to a concrete building environment under cool temperatures had adverse effects on general health parameters and embryo-Fetal Development. This study examined to compare the potential effects of concrete and wood building environments on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development in rats. Groups of 10 mated females were exposed to polycarbonate (control), concrete, or wood cages from gestational days (GO) 0 to 20 under cool temperatures (11.9-12.3°C). All the females underwent a caesarean section on GO 20, and their fetuses were examined for any morphological abnormalities. The temperatures in the cages were similar in all groups but the relative humidity in the concrete and wood groups were higher than in the control group. The concentration of volatile organic compounds in the wood group was higher than in the control group. In the concrete group, maternal effects manifested as an increase in the incidence of clinical signs, a lower body weight, and a decrease in the thymus and ovary weights. Developmental effects included increased post-implantation loss and decreased litter size. Infrared thermal analysis showed that the skin temperature of the rats in the concrete group was lower than that in the control group. In contrast, there were no exposure-related adverse effects on the maternal and Developmental parameters in the wood group. Overall, the exposure of pregnant rats to a concrete building environment under cool temperatures has adverse effects on the clinical signs, body weight, skin temperature, organ weight, and embryo-Fetal Development. On the other hand, exposure to a wood building environment does not have any adverse effects in rats.

Changjong Moon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effects of silver nanoparticles on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development in rats
    Nanotoxicology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Wook-joon Yu, In-sik Shin, Hyung-seon Baek, Changjong Moon
    Abstract:

    AbstractAlthough the potential risk of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to humans has recently increased due to widespread application, the potential effects of AgNPs on embryo-Fetal Development have not yet been determined. This study investigated the potential effects of AgNPs on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development after maternal exposure on gestational days (GD) 6–19 in rats. AgNPs were administered to pregnant rats by gavage at concentrations of 0, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg/day. All dams were subjected to Cesarean section on GD 20 and the fetuses were examined for signs of embryotoxic and teratogenic effects. Examinations of hepatic oxidant/antioxidant balance and serum biochemistry were also added to the routine Developmental toxicity study. Treatment with AgNPs caused a decrease in catalase and glutathione reductase activities at ≥100 mg/kg/day and a reduction in glutathione content at 1000 mg/kg/day in maternal liver tissues. However, no treatment-related deaths or clinical signs were observed in...

  • Effects of concrete and wood building environments on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development in rats
    Toxicological Research, 2009
    Co-Authors: In-sik Shin, Jeong Hyeon Lim, Na Hyeong Park, Sung-hwan Kim, Jong Chan Lee, Sung-ho Kim, Changjong Moon, Dong Ho Shin, Jong Choon Kim
    Abstract:

    We have recently reported that the continuous exposure of rats to a concrete building environment under cool temperatures had adverse effects on general health parameters and embryo-Fetal Development. This study examined to compare the potential effects of concrete and wood building environments on pregnant dams and embryo-Fetal Development in rats. Groups of 10 mated females were exposed to polycarbonate (control), concrete, or wood cages from gestational days (GO) 0 to 20 under cool temperatures (11.9-12.3°C). All the females underwent a caesarean section on GO 20, and their fetuses were examined for any morphological abnormalities. The temperatures in the cages were similar in all groups but the relative humidity in the concrete and wood groups were higher than in the control group. The concentration of volatile organic compounds in the wood group was higher than in the control group. In the concrete group, maternal effects manifested as an increase in the incidence of clinical signs, a lower body weight, and a decrease in the thymus and ovary weights. Developmental effects included increased post-implantation loss and decreased litter size. Infrared thermal analysis showed that the skin temperature of the rats in the concrete group was lower than that in the control group. In contrast, there were no exposure-related adverse effects on the maternal and Developmental parameters in the wood group. Overall, the exposure of pregnant rats to a concrete building environment under cool temperatures has adverse effects on the clinical signs, body weight, skin temperature, organ weight, and embryo-Fetal Development. On the other hand, exposure to a wood building environment does not have any adverse effects in rats.

Kenneth L Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effects of alcohol on Fetal Development
    Birth Defects Research Part C-embryo Today-reviews, 2011
    Co-Authors: Kenneth L Jones
    Abstract:

    Prenatal exposure to alcohol has profound effects on many aspects of Fetal Development. Although alterations of somatic growth and specific minor malformations of facial structure are most characteristic, the effects of alcohol on brain Development are most significant in that they lead to substantial problems with neurobehavioral Development. Since the initial recognition of the Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), a number of important observations have been made from studies involving both humans and animals. Of particular importance, a number of maternal risk factors have been identified, which may well be of relevance relative to the Development of strategies for prevention of the FAS as well as intervention for those who have been affected. These include maternal age >30 years, ethnic group, lower socioeconomic status, having had a previously affected child, maternal under-nutrition, and genetic background. The purpose of this review is to discuss these issues as well as to set forth a number of questions that have not adequately been addressed relative to alcohol's effect on Fetal Development. Of particular importance is the critical need to identify the full spectrum of structural defects associated with the prenatal effects of alcohol as well as to establish a neurobehavioral phenotype. Appreciation of both of these issues is necessary to understand the full impact of alcohol on Fetal Development. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 93:3–11, 2011. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Akiko Iwasaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • interferons and proinflammatory cytokines in pregnancy and Fetal Development
    Immunity, 2018
    Co-Authors: Laura J Yockey, Akiko Iwasaki
    Abstract:

    Summary Successful pregnancy requires carefully-coordinated communications between the mother and fetus. Immune cells and cytokine signaling pathways participate as mediators of these communications to promote healthy pregnancy. At the same time, certain infections or inflammatory conditions in pregnant mothers cause severe disease and have detrimental impacts on the developing fetus. In this review, we examine evidence for the role of maternal and Fetal immune responses affecting pregnancy and Fetal Development, both under homeostasis and following infection. We discuss immune responses that are necessary to promote healthy pregnancy and those that lead to congenital disorders and pregnancy complications, with a particular emphasis on the role of interferons and cytokines. Understanding the contributions of the immune system in pregnancy and Fetal Development provides important insights into the pathogenesis underlying maternal and Fetal diseases and sheds insights on possible targets for therapy.