The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Pablo Martinpinto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • resistance of the soil fungal communities to medium intensity Fire Prevention treatments in a mediterranean scrubland
    Forest Ecology and Management, 2020
    Co-Authors: Carles Castano, Maria Hernandezrodriguez, Jaime Olaizola, Juan Andres Oriaderueda, Jozsef Geml, Joyce L Eberhart, Pablo Martinpinto
    Abstract:

    Abstract Cistus ladanifer scrublands are widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin and represent an early stage of secondary succession following major disturbances (e.g., Fire). This vegetation type often establishes on disturbed and poor soils, thereby improving soil stability in stress-prone environments. Fire Prevention treatments in these scrublands are often recommended to decrease the risk of wildFires, but the effect of these treatments on associated soil fungi is not known. We studied the effect of distinct Fire Prevention treatments on soil fungal communities associated with C. ladanifer scrublands soils. We used Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the ITS1 region on soil samples taken after distinct Fire Prevention treatments that were performed in 27 plots belonging to a long-term experiment. Recent Fire Prevention treatments did not affect overall fungal community composition nor fungal diversity; however, when analyzing the community according to the functional guilds, the relative abundance of ectomycorrhizal species was significantly lower in burned and 100% cleared plots, compared with control and 50% cleared plots. In contrast, site history affected fungal community composition and richness to a greater extent than the Fire Prevention treatments. Our results show a higher susceptibility of ectomycorrhizal species to recent high-intensity Fire Prevention treatments, whereas Fire Prevention treatments of medium intensity may reduce the risk of wildFire and maintain the soil fungal community.

  • effect of forest Fire Prevention treatments on bacterial communities associated with productive boletus edulis sites
    Microbial Biotechnology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Olaya Mediavilla, Jaime Olaizola, Juan Andres Oriaderueda, Jozsef Geml, Petr Baldrian, Pablo Martinpinto
    Abstract:

    : Cistus ladanifer scrublands, traditionally considered as unproductive, have nonetheless been observed to produce large quantities of king bolete (Boletus edulis) fruitbodies. These pyrophytic scrublands are prone to wildFires, which severely affect fungi, hence the need for Fire Prevention in producing C. ladanifer scrublands. In addition, B. edulis productions have severely decreased in the last years. A deeper understanding of the B. edulis life cycle and of biotic and abiotic factors influencing sporocarp formation is needed to implement management practices that facilitate B. edulis production. For example, some bacteria likely are involved in sporocarp production, representing a key part in the triple symbiosis (plant-fungus-bacteria). In this study, we used soil DNA metabarcoding in C. ladanifer scrublands to (i) assess the effect of site history and Fire Prevention treatment on bacterial richness and community composition; (ii) test if there was any correlation between various taxonomic groups of bacteria and mycelial biomass and sporocarp production of B. edulis; and to (iii) identify indicator bacteria associated with the most productive B. edulis sites. Our results show that site history drives bacterial richness and community composition, while Fire Prevention treatments have a weaker, but still detectable effect, particularly in the senescent plots. Sporocarp production correlated positively with genera in Verrucomicrobia. Several genera, e.g. Azospirillum and Gemmatimonas, were identified as indicators of the most productive sites, suggesting a potential biological role in B. edulis fructification. This study provides a better understanding of the triple symbiosis (plant-fungus-bacteria) involved in C. ladanifer-B. edulis systems.

  • insights into the dynamics of boletus edulis mycelium and fruiting after Fire Prevention management
    Forest Ecology and Management, 2017
    Co-Authors: Olaya Mediavilla, Maria Hernandezrodriguez, Jaime Olaizola, Juan Andres Oriaderueda, Luis Santosdelblanco, Pablo Martinpinto
    Abstract:

    Abstract Boletus edulis Bull. is among the most valuable mushroom species worldwide. Cistus ladanifer L. scrublands host an extraordinarily high production of this profitable fungus. Its fructification varies greatly among years depending on factors such as stand age and density along with climatic variables. Important information is missing, however, on the dynamics of this species, particularly at the below-ground level and its correlation with sporocarp production. We sought to improve understanding of the ecology of this species that could allow prediction of B. edulis production using faster and less expensive procedures under forest management scenarios. Under the hypothesis that Fire Prevention management influences the presence of Boletus edulis mycelium and thus, the production of sporocarps, different management treatments were performed. These consisted of different levels of fuel reduction: (controlled burning, total clearing, 50% clearing, and uncleared), established in scrublands of different ages/origins (young-Fire, young-cleared and senescent). To analyse B. edulis mycelium in the soil, soil samples were taken at three different times during the year, quantifying B. edulis DNA by real-time PCR using specific primers and Taq-man probes. To analyse B. edulis production, all sporocarps were collected and weighed on a weekly basis during the autumn season. Our results confirmed that management significantly influence quantities of B. edulis mycelium in soil and sporocarp yields that were highest in the uncleared plots and lowest in total clearing plots. Fifty percent clearing plots showed a significant recovery for both mycelium quantity and B. edulis yields after three years. Concerning the origin of the stand, young-Fire plots had the highest amounts of B. edulis mycelium in the soil. A positive correlation was detected between B. edulis fresh weight production and the amount of mycelium in the soil suggesting the ability to predict B. edulis yields using faster and less costly methods than weekly inventories carried out for several autumn seasons.

Jeanpaul Ferrier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mapping wildland urban interfaces at large scales integrating housing density and vegetation aggregation for Fire Prevention in the south of france
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2010
    Co-Authors: Corinne Lampinmaillet, M. Jappiot, M. Long, C. Bouillon, D. Morge, Jeanpaul Ferrier
    Abstract:

    Every year, more than 50,000 wildland Fires affect about 500,000ha of vegetation in southern European countries, particularly in wildland-urban interfaces (WUI). This paper presents a method to characterize and map WUIs at large scales and over large areas for wildland Fire Prevention in the South of France. Based on the combination of four types of building configuration and three classes of vegetation structure, 12 interface types were classified. Through spatial analysis, Fire ignition density and burned area ratio were linked with the different types of WUI. Among WUI types, isolated WUIs with the lowest housing density represent the highest level of Fire risk. Language: en

Wenbin Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • forest Fire detection system based on wireless sensor network
    Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, 2009
    Co-Authors: Junguo Zhang, Wenbin Li
    Abstract:

    As we all know, the forest is considered as one of the most important and indispensable resources, the Prevention and detection of the forest Fire, have been researched hotly in worldwide Forest Fire Prevention Departments. Based on the deficiencies of conventional forest Fire detection on real time and monitoring accuracy, the wireless sensor network technique for forest Fire detection was introduced, together with satellite monitoring, aerial patrolling and manual watching, an omni-bearing and stereoscopic air and ground forest-Fire detection pattern was found so that the decision for Fire-extinguishing or Fire Prevention can be made rightly and real-timely by related government departments. A cluster-based wireless sensor network paradigm for forest Fire real-time detection was put forward in this paper. Some key questions were discussed emphatically, such as the ad hoc network related technology, the node hardware designing, the forest-Fire forecasting model and the propagation characteristic of UHF wireless signal and so on.

  • forest Fire detection system based on a zigbee wireless sensor network
    Frontiers of Forestry in China, 2008
    Co-Authors: Junguo Zhang, Wenbin Li
    Abstract:

    Compared with the traditional techniques of forest Fire detection, a wireless sensor network paradigm based on a ZigBee technique was proposed. The proposed technique is in real time, given the exigencies of forest Fires. The architecture of a wireless sensor network for forest Fire detection is described. The hardware circuitry of the network node is designed based on a CC2430 chip. The process of data transmission is discussed in detail. Environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity in the forest region can be monitored in real time. From the information collected by the system, decisions for Fire fighting or Fire Prevention can be made more quickly by the relevant government departments.

Weimin Cheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • novel sodium silicate polymer composite gels for the Prevention of spontaneous combustion of coal
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019
    Co-Authors: Xiaofeng Ren, Weimin Cheng, Yanyun Zhao, Di Xue, Zhiang Shao, Hao Dong, Lin Xin
    Abstract:

    Abstract Novel gel materials are proposed for Fire Prevention and extinction in coal mines, where spontaneous combustion of coal continues to pose a significant risk. Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), anionic polyacrylamide (HPAM), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were each introduced separately into a sodium silicate (WG) gel, to obtain three gels labeled as CPAM/WG, HPAM/WG, and CMC/WG. A crosslinking agent, aluminum citrate, was subsequently added to the HPAM/WG and CMC/WG gels to afford two novel interpenetrating network hydrogels, HPAM-Al3+/WG and CMC-Al3+/WG, respectively. Among the various gels, the HPAM-Al3+/WG hydrogel exhibits the best seepage capacity, water retention capacity, compressive strength, and inhibition characteristics, which effectively resolve the post-water-loss cracking and pulverization problems commonly associated with inorganic consolidated silica gels. The microstructures of all the gels were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and their inhibitory effects on the oxidation of hydroxyl and methylene groups in coal at high temperatures were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Elemental mapping by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that the inorganic silica gel blends uniformly with the polymeric gel. Fire extinction experiments indicated that the HPAM-Al3+/WG gel reduces the Fire-source temperature, heat radiation, and CO generation. Thus, the HPAM-Al3+/WG gel is an ideal Fire Prevention and extinction material.

  • an intelligent gel designed to control the spontaneous combustion of coal Fire Prevention and extinguishing properties
    Fuel, 2017
    Co-Authors: Weimin Cheng, Jun Xie, Yanyun Zhao
    Abstract:

    Abstract A new type of mining Fire-extinguishing material designed to prevent the spontaneous combustion of coal is presented. Through the graft copolymerization of corn straw, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), and acrylic acid (AA), a corn straw-co-AMPS-co-AA hydrogel was synthesized. A chemical foaming agent was then added to the hydrogel, resulting in a self-foaming gel, which was subsequently mixed with expandable graphite to create an intelligent gel. Compared to temperature-sensitive and polyacrylamide gels, this intelligent gel exhibited good thermal stability, as well as adhesion and swelling at high temperatures. Fire-extinguishing experiments revealed that the intelligent gel could cover the surface of burning coal, thereby significantly reducing the ignition source temperature, thermal radiation, and amount of CO generated. Infrared spectrum analysis showed that the IG sample with 10% expanded graphite could inhibit the oxidation of the hydroxyl group during the heating process. The Fire-extinguishing performance of the intelligent gel was found to be superior to those of the other gels, as it prevented re-ignition. Thus, this gel is an ideal Fire Prevention and control material, especially for controlling the spontaneous combustion of coal.

Yanyun Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • novel sodium silicate polymer composite gels for the Prevention of spontaneous combustion of coal
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019
    Co-Authors: Xiaofeng Ren, Weimin Cheng, Yanyun Zhao, Di Xue, Zhiang Shao, Hao Dong, Lin Xin
    Abstract:

    Abstract Novel gel materials are proposed for Fire Prevention and extinction in coal mines, where spontaneous combustion of coal continues to pose a significant risk. Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM), anionic polyacrylamide (HPAM), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were each introduced separately into a sodium silicate (WG) gel, to obtain three gels labeled as CPAM/WG, HPAM/WG, and CMC/WG. A crosslinking agent, aluminum citrate, was subsequently added to the HPAM/WG and CMC/WG gels to afford two novel interpenetrating network hydrogels, HPAM-Al3+/WG and CMC-Al3+/WG, respectively. Among the various gels, the HPAM-Al3+/WG hydrogel exhibits the best seepage capacity, water retention capacity, compressive strength, and inhibition characteristics, which effectively resolve the post-water-loss cracking and pulverization problems commonly associated with inorganic consolidated silica gels. The microstructures of all the gels were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and their inhibitory effects on the oxidation of hydroxyl and methylene groups in coal at high temperatures were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Elemental mapping by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy indicated that the inorganic silica gel blends uniformly with the polymeric gel. Fire extinction experiments indicated that the HPAM-Al3+/WG gel reduces the Fire-source temperature, heat radiation, and CO generation. Thus, the HPAM-Al3+/WG gel is an ideal Fire Prevention and extinction material.

  • an intelligent gel designed to control the spontaneous combustion of coal Fire Prevention and extinguishing properties
    Fuel, 2017
    Co-Authors: Weimin Cheng, Jun Xie, Yanyun Zhao
    Abstract:

    Abstract A new type of mining Fire-extinguishing material designed to prevent the spontaneous combustion of coal is presented. Through the graft copolymerization of corn straw, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), and acrylic acid (AA), a corn straw-co-AMPS-co-AA hydrogel was synthesized. A chemical foaming agent was then added to the hydrogel, resulting in a self-foaming gel, which was subsequently mixed with expandable graphite to create an intelligent gel. Compared to temperature-sensitive and polyacrylamide gels, this intelligent gel exhibited good thermal stability, as well as adhesion and swelling at high temperatures. Fire-extinguishing experiments revealed that the intelligent gel could cover the surface of burning coal, thereby significantly reducing the ignition source temperature, thermal radiation, and amount of CO generated. Infrared spectrum analysis showed that the IG sample with 10% expanded graphite could inhibit the oxidation of the hydroxyl group during the heating process. The Fire-extinguishing performance of the intelligent gel was found to be superior to those of the other gels, as it prevented re-ignition. Thus, this gel is an ideal Fire Prevention and control material, especially for controlling the spontaneous combustion of coal.