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Muhammad Saleem Arif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fresh and composted industrial sludge restore soil functions in surface soil of degraded agricultural land
Science of The Total Environment, 2018Co-Authors: Muhammad Saleem Arif, Muhammad Riaz, Sher Muhammad Shahzad, Tahira Yasmeen, Muhammad Ashraf, M A Siddique, Muhammad Salman Mubarik, Luca BragazzaAbstract:A field study was conducted to test the potential of 5-year consecutive application of fresh industrial sludge (Fis) and composted industrial sludge (CIS) to restore soil functions at surface (0-15cm) and subsurface (15-30cm) of the degraded agricultural land. Sludge amendments increased soil fertility parameters including total organic carbon (TOC), soil available nitrogen (SAN), soil available phosphorus (SAP) and soil available potassium (SAK) at 0-15cm depth. Soil enzyme activities i.e. dehydrogenase (DHA), β-glucosidase (BGA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALp) were significantly enhanced by Fis and CIS amendments in surface soil. However, urease activity (UA) and acid phosphatase (ACp) were significantly reduced compared to control soil. The results showed that sludge amendments significantly increased microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) at both soil depth, and soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) only at 0-15cm depth. Significant changes were also observed in the population of soil culturable microflora (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) with CIS amendment in surface soil suggesting persistence of microbial activity owing to the addition of organic matter source. Sludge amendments significantly reduced soil heavy metal concentrations at 0-15cm depth, and the effect was more pronounced with CIS compared to unamended control soil. Sludge amendments generally had no significant impact on soil heavy metal concentrations in subsoil. Agronomic viability test involving maize was performed to evaluate phytotoxicity of soil solution extract at surface and sub-surface soil. Maize seeds grown in solution extract (0-15cm) from sludge treated soil showed a significant increase of relative seed germination (RSG), relative root growth (RRG) and germination index (GI). These results suggested that both sludge amendments significantly improved soil properties, however, the CIS amendment was relatively more effective in restoring soil functions and effectively immobilizing wastewater derived heavy metals compared to Fis treatment.
Joanne E Harvey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pd catalyzed allylic alkylation cascade with dihydropyrans regioselective synthesis of furo 3 2 c pyrans
ChemInform, 2013Co-Authors: Mark J Bartlett, Claire A Turner, Joanne E HarveyAbstract:A Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation cascade of cyclic β-dicarbonyl bis-nucleophiles with nonsymmetric pyran-based bis-electrophiles is used to prepare a variety of cis-fused furo[3,2-c]pyrans in high regio- and stereoselectivity.
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pd catalyzed allylic alkylation cascade with dihydropyrans regioselective synthesis of furo 3 2 c pyrans
Organic Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Mark J Bartlett, Claire A Turner, Joanne E HarveyAbstract:A regioselective palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation cascade forms furo[3,2-c]pyrans from various cyclic β-dicarbonyl bis-nucleophiles and 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran bis-electrophiles. The combination of allylic carbonate and anomeric siloxy leaving groups in the dihydropyran substrate allows control of the many regiochemical possibilities in this reaction. Annulation proceeds stereoconvergently to give cis-fused furopyrans from either cis- or trans-substituted starting material.
Luca Bragazza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fresh and composted industrial sludge restore soil functions in surface soil of degraded agricultural land
Science of The Total Environment, 2018Co-Authors: Muhammad Saleem Arif, Muhammad Riaz, Sher Muhammad Shahzad, Tahira Yasmeen, Muhammad Ashraf, M A Siddique, Muhammad Salman Mubarik, Luca BragazzaAbstract:A field study was conducted to test the potential of 5-year consecutive application of fresh industrial sludge (Fis) and composted industrial sludge (CIS) to restore soil functions at surface (0-15cm) and subsurface (15-30cm) of the degraded agricultural land. Sludge amendments increased soil fertility parameters including total organic carbon (TOC), soil available nitrogen (SAN), soil available phosphorus (SAP) and soil available potassium (SAK) at 0-15cm depth. Soil enzyme activities i.e. dehydrogenase (DHA), β-glucosidase (BGA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALp) were significantly enhanced by Fis and CIS amendments in surface soil. However, urease activity (UA) and acid phosphatase (ACp) were significantly reduced compared to control soil. The results showed that sludge amendments significantly increased microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) at both soil depth, and soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) only at 0-15cm depth. Significant changes were also observed in the population of soil culturable microflora (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) with CIS amendment in surface soil suggesting persistence of microbial activity owing to the addition of organic matter source. Sludge amendments significantly reduced soil heavy metal concentrations at 0-15cm depth, and the effect was more pronounced with CIS compared to unamended control soil. Sludge amendments generally had no significant impact on soil heavy metal concentrations in subsoil. Agronomic viability test involving maize was performed to evaluate phytotoxicity of soil solution extract at surface and sub-surface soil. Maize seeds grown in solution extract (0-15cm) from sludge treated soil showed a significant increase of relative seed germination (RSG), relative root growth (RRG) and germination index (GI). These results suggested that both sludge amendments significantly improved soil properties, however, the CIS amendment was relatively more effective in restoring soil functions and effectively immobilizing wastewater derived heavy metals compared to Fis treatment.
Mark J Bartlett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pd catalyzed allylic alkylation cascade with dihydropyrans regioselective synthesis of furo 3 2 c pyrans
ChemInform, 2013Co-Authors: Mark J Bartlett, Claire A Turner, Joanne E HarveyAbstract:A Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation cascade of cyclic β-dicarbonyl bis-nucleophiles with nonsymmetric pyran-based bis-electrophiles is used to prepare a variety of cis-fused furo[3,2-c]pyrans in high regio- and stereoselectivity.
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pd catalyzed allylic alkylation cascade with dihydropyrans regioselective synthesis of furo 3 2 c pyrans
Organic Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Mark J Bartlett, Claire A Turner, Joanne E HarveyAbstract:A regioselective palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation cascade forms furo[3,2-c]pyrans from various cyclic β-dicarbonyl bis-nucleophiles and 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran bis-electrophiles. The combination of allylic carbonate and anomeric siloxy leaving groups in the dihydropyran substrate allows control of the many regiochemical possibilities in this reaction. Annulation proceeds stereoconvergently to give cis-fused furopyrans from either cis- or trans-substituted starting material.
Fátima C. Guedes Da Silva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Stereochemical investigation of the addition of primary and secondary aliphatic amines to the nitrile complexes cis- and trans-[PtCl2(NCMe)2]. X-ray structures of the amidine complexes trans-[Pt(NH2Pri)2{ZN(H)C(NHPri)Me}]Cl2·4H2O and trans-[PtCl2(NCMe){EN(H)C(NMeBut)Me}]
Inorganica Chimica Acta, 2002Co-Authors: Umberto Belluco, Franco Benetollo, Roberta Bertani, Gabriella Bombieri, Rino A. Michelin, Mirto Mozzon, Armando J. L. Pombeiro, Fátima C. Guedes Da SilvaAbstract:Abstract The reactions of cis-[PtCl2(NCMe)2] with a fivefold excess of the primary aliphatic amines RNH2 (R=Me, Et, Pri, But) in CH2Cl2 at −10 °C afford in high yield the bis-amidine complexes cis-[PtCl2{ZN(H)C(NHR)Me}2], where both amidine ligands assume the Z configuration. The corresponding reactions of trans-[PtCl2(NCMe)2] with RNH2 (R=Me, Et, But) give a mixture of the bis-amidine trans-[PtCl2{ZN(H)C(NHR)Me}2] and the mono-amidine trans-[PtCl2(NCMe){ZN(H)C(NHR)Me}] derivatives, which could be isolated as pure products operating with a platinum nitrile complex:amine molar ratio of 1:50 or 1:1, respectively. The reaction of trans-[PtCl2(NCMe)2] with a 50-M excess of PriNH2 affords the bis-amidine bis-amine dicationic complex trans-[Pt(H2NPri)2{ZN(H)C(NHPri)Me}2]Cl2, which has been characterized also by X-ray diffraction analysis. The reactions of cis- and trans-[PtCl2(NCMe)2] with the secondary aliphatic amines R′R″NH yield the bis-amidine complexes cis- and trans-[PtCl2{EN(H)C(NR′R″)Me}2] (R′, R″=Et) and/or cis- and trans-[PtCl(NCMe){EN(H)C(NR′R″)Me}2] (R′, R″=Et; R′=Me, R″=But), where the amidine ligands have the E configuration. The compound trans-[PtCl2(NCMe){EN(H)C(NMeBut)Me}] has been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. All the complexes have been characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies. The Z or E configuration of the amidine ligand can be readily deduced by 1H NMR data.