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Allen D Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Red Drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, Production Diets: Replacement of Fish Meal with Soybean Meal
2015Co-Authors: Allen D Davis, C. R. ArnoldAbstract:ABSTRACT. The replacement of Fish Meal with soybean Meal in Fish diets has met with varying degrees of success. Quite often, poor re-sponses to high soybean Meal diets are due to a reduced palatability of the diet when Fish Meal is removed. Recent work has demonstrated that poultry by-product Meal can be used as a substitute for Fish Meal in prac-tical diets for juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), indicating it may have favorable palatability characteristics for this species. The present research was designed to evaluate the replacement of menhaden Fish Meal with solvent-extracted soybean Meal in practical diets containing 20 % poultry by-product Meal and formulated to contain 44 % protein and 10 % lipid. Test diets were adjusted for phosphorus and methionine content to ensure that minimal dietary requirements were maintained. The response of red drum (mean initial weight 179 g) to diets containing Fish Meal ranging from 40 to 5 % of the diet, as well as the response to a low Fish Meal diet supplemented with krill hydrolysate, were evaluated over a 14-week growth period. Final weights (percent gain) ranged from 588 g (237.8%) to 651 g (258.5%), with feed conversion efficiencie
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replacement of Fish Meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei reared under pond conditions
Aquaculture, 2007Co-Authors: Elkin Amaya, Allen D Davis, David B RouseAbstract:Abstract Increasing economical and ecological concerns regarding the use of Fish Meal in diets for marine shrimp have led to the development of replacement strategies where soybean Meal has received ample attention. Most studies evaluating these strategies have been carried out under laboratory conditions which greatly differ from production conditions in ponds. This study evaluated a Fish Meal replacement strategy using vegetable protein sources in practical feeds for marine shrimp reared in ponds. Juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (0.03 g) were stocked into 16 0.1-ha low-water exchange ponds and reared over an 18-week period. Four commercially extruded diets formulated to contain 35% crude protein and 8% lipids were evaluated. These diets included varying levels of Fish Meal (9, 6, 3, and 0%) which was replaced by a combination of increasing levels of soybean Meal (32.5, 34.9, 37.2 and 39.6% respectively) and corn gluten Meal (0.0, 1.7, 3.2, and 4.8% respectively) to replace the protein originating from Fish Meal. At the conclusion of the experimental period, there were no significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) in shrimp production among the test diets. Mean final yield, final weight, feed conversion ratio and survival values ranged from 5363–6548 kg ha− 1, 18.4–20.7 g, 1.38–1.12 and 84.0–94.0%, respectively. Although not significant, as higher levels of plant protein sources were included in the diets, the economic analysis showed a general increase in the partial gross returns of shrimp production. Results from this study demonstrate that Fish Meal can be completely replaced using alternative vegetable protein sources in practical shrimp feeds without compromising production and economic performance of L. vannamei reared in ponds.
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substitution of Fish Meal by co extruded soybean poultry by product Meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei
Aquaculture, 2004Co-Authors: Tzachi M Samocha, Allen D Davis, Patrick I Saoud, Kevin DebaultAbstract:The use of a co-extruded soybean poultry by-product Meal with egg supplement was evaluated as a substitute for Fish Meal in a practical diet formulated to contain 32% crude protein and 8% lipid. The co-extruded product was substituted for menhaden Fish Meal on an iso-nitrogenous basis and offered to juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei (mean initial weight ± standard deviation, 1.13 ± 0.06 g) over a 6-week period. Inclusion levels ranged from 0% (30 g Fish Meal/100 g diet) to 100% replacement (0 g Fish Meal/100 g diet). A fifth diet was formulated to contain no Fish Meal and 1 g krill Meal/100 g diet. Furthermore, a commercial shrimp feed was included in the study to allow for a commercial reference. At the conclusion of the growth trial, survival, final weight, percent weight gain and feed efficiency (FE) were not significantly different among treatments. The inclusion of krill Meal did not appear to improve attractability or palatability of the diet. Co-extruded soybean poultry by-product Meal with egg supplement appears suitable as a substitute for Fish Meal in L. vannamei diets.
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replacement of Fish Meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei
Aquaculture, 2000Co-Authors: Allen D Davis, C. R. ArnoldAbstract:Abstract The use of a co-extruded soybean poultry by-product Meal (CEPM) and flashed dried poultry by-product Meal (FD-PBM) was evaluated as replacements for Fish Meal in a practical diet formulated to contain 32% crude protein and 8% lipid. Each Meal was substituted for menhaden Fish Meal on an iso-nitrogenous basis and offered to juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei (mean initial wt.±S.D., 0.37±0.015 g) over a 6-week period. Inclusion levels ranged from 0 (30 g Fish Meal /100 g diet) to 80% replacement (6 g Fish Meal/100 g diet). Replacement of Fish Meal with CEPM resulted in equivalent values for final weight, percent weight gain and feed efficiency (FE) and a significant increase in protein conversion efficiency (PCE). Similarly, replacement of 40%, 60%, and 80% of the Fish-Meal protein in the basal diet with FD-PBM resulted in a significant increase in weight gain and FE. Although not significant, there was also a general increase in PCE when FD-PBM was included in the diet. Under the reported conditions, survival, FE, and PCE values were either improved or were not significantly influenced by the replacement of menhaden Fish Meal with either CEPM or FD-PBM. Hence, these products can be used to reduce the Fish-Meal content of practical diets from 30 to 6 g/100 g dry wt.
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evaluation of soybean proteins as replacements for menhaden Fish Meal in practical diets for the red drum sciaenops ocellatus
Journal of The World Aquaculture Society, 1995Co-Authors: Allen D Davis, D O Jirsa, C. R. ArnoldAbstract:A series of growth trials was conducted to evaluate the use of soy protein as a replacement for Fish protein in isonitrogenous practical diets for juvenile red drum Sciacnops ocellatus. Feeds were offered at or in excess of satiation to juvenile red drum maintained at 26–28 C and a salinity of 25–35 ppt. In the first growth trial, red drum were offered one of four diets containing graded levels of menhaden Fish Meal, replacing solvent-extracted soybean Meal and soy-protein isolates. Differences in weight gain, survival and feed efficiency ratios of the Fish corresponded to increases in Fish Meal content of the diets. Due to poor performance of the Fish maintained on the low (15%) Fish Meal diet, a methionine supplement was introduced into this diet at the midpoint of the growth trial. A positive increase in growth indicated a dietary deficiency of methionine and/or total sulfur amino acids in the unsupplemented diet. A positive response to dietary Fish Meal also occurred in the second growth trial despite the supplementation of L-methionine in the test diets. In low Fish Meal diets the utilization of solvent extracted soybean Meal or a soy-protein isolate resulted in similar growth responses. Hence, the presence of an antinutrient did not likely cause reduced growth rates. In the third feeding trial, weight gain also increased with increasing Fish Meal content of the diet despite the equalization of digestible protein and selected amino acids. There were no significant differences in whole-body compositions which indicated similar biological value of the diets (protein digestibility, amino acid balance and energy availability). The singular deletion of Fish-solubles, glycine, lysine and methionine from the diet containing the lowest level of Fish Meal (10 g/100 g diet) did not result in significant changes in weight gain. This indicated that these components did not add to the nutritive value and/or palatability of this formulation. The final experiment was designed to evaluate the response of red drum to a control diet (high Fish Meal) as compared to a low Fish Meal diet with and without potential attractants/palatability enhancers. Weight gain and feed efficiency ratios of Fish offered the low Fish Meal diet supplemented with seafood flavor or Fish flavor #2 were not significantly different from the control (high Fish Meal diet). Based on the results of this study, with suitable formulation restrictions, soy protein is acceptable for inclusion in practical diet formulations for red drum. However, soy protein itself does not appear replete in sulfur-containing amino acids and does not have acceptable palatability properties. Consequently, feeds containing reduced levels of marine proteins could require suitable attractants and/or amino acid supplements.
C. R. Arnold - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Red Drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, Production Diets: Replacement of Fish Meal with Soybean Meal
2015Co-Authors: Allen D Davis, C. R. ArnoldAbstract:ABSTRACT. The replacement of Fish Meal with soybean Meal in Fish diets has met with varying degrees of success. Quite often, poor re-sponses to high soybean Meal diets are due to a reduced palatability of the diet when Fish Meal is removed. Recent work has demonstrated that poultry by-product Meal can be used as a substitute for Fish Meal in prac-tical diets for juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), indicating it may have favorable palatability characteristics for this species. The present research was designed to evaluate the replacement of menhaden Fish Meal with solvent-extracted soybean Meal in practical diets containing 20 % poultry by-product Meal and formulated to contain 44 % protein and 10 % lipid. Test diets were adjusted for phosphorus and methionine content to ensure that minimal dietary requirements were maintained. The response of red drum (mean initial weight 179 g) to diets containing Fish Meal ranging from 40 to 5 % of the diet, as well as the response to a low Fish Meal diet supplemented with krill hydrolysate, were evaluated over a 14-week growth period. Final weights (percent gain) ranged from 588 g (237.8%) to 651 g (258.5%), with feed conversion efficiencie
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replacement of Fish Meal in practical diets for the pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei
Aquaculture, 2000Co-Authors: Allen D Davis, C. R. ArnoldAbstract:Abstract The use of a co-extruded soybean poultry by-product Meal (CEPM) and flashed dried poultry by-product Meal (FD-PBM) was evaluated as replacements for Fish Meal in a practical diet formulated to contain 32% crude protein and 8% lipid. Each Meal was substituted for menhaden Fish Meal on an iso-nitrogenous basis and offered to juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei (mean initial wt.±S.D., 0.37±0.015 g) over a 6-week period. Inclusion levels ranged from 0 (30 g Fish Meal /100 g diet) to 80% replacement (6 g Fish Meal/100 g diet). Replacement of Fish Meal with CEPM resulted in equivalent values for final weight, percent weight gain and feed efficiency (FE) and a significant increase in protein conversion efficiency (PCE). Similarly, replacement of 40%, 60%, and 80% of the Fish-Meal protein in the basal diet with FD-PBM resulted in a significant increase in weight gain and FE. Although not significant, there was also a general increase in PCE when FD-PBM was included in the diet. Under the reported conditions, survival, FE, and PCE values were either improved or were not significantly influenced by the replacement of menhaden Fish Meal with either CEPM or FD-PBM. Hence, these products can be used to reduce the Fish-Meal content of practical diets from 30 to 6 g/100 g dry wt.
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evaluation of soybean proteins as replacements for menhaden Fish Meal in practical diets for the red drum sciaenops ocellatus
Journal of The World Aquaculture Society, 1995Co-Authors: Allen D Davis, D O Jirsa, C. R. ArnoldAbstract:A series of growth trials was conducted to evaluate the use of soy protein as a replacement for Fish protein in isonitrogenous practical diets for juvenile red drum Sciacnops ocellatus. Feeds were offered at or in excess of satiation to juvenile red drum maintained at 26–28 C and a salinity of 25–35 ppt. In the first growth trial, red drum were offered one of four diets containing graded levels of menhaden Fish Meal, replacing solvent-extracted soybean Meal and soy-protein isolates. Differences in weight gain, survival and feed efficiency ratios of the Fish corresponded to increases in Fish Meal content of the diets. Due to poor performance of the Fish maintained on the low (15%) Fish Meal diet, a methionine supplement was introduced into this diet at the midpoint of the growth trial. A positive increase in growth indicated a dietary deficiency of methionine and/or total sulfur amino acids in the unsupplemented diet. A positive response to dietary Fish Meal also occurred in the second growth trial despite the supplementation of L-methionine in the test diets. In low Fish Meal diets the utilization of solvent extracted soybean Meal or a soy-protein isolate resulted in similar growth responses. Hence, the presence of an antinutrient did not likely cause reduced growth rates. In the third feeding trial, weight gain also increased with increasing Fish Meal content of the diet despite the equalization of digestible protein and selected amino acids. There were no significant differences in whole-body compositions which indicated similar biological value of the diets (protein digestibility, amino acid balance and energy availability). The singular deletion of Fish-solubles, glycine, lysine and methionine from the diet containing the lowest level of Fish Meal (10 g/100 g diet) did not result in significant changes in weight gain. This indicated that these components did not add to the nutritive value and/or palatability of this formulation. The final experiment was designed to evaluate the response of red drum to a control diet (high Fish Meal) as compared to a low Fish Meal diet with and without potential attractants/palatability enhancers. Weight gain and feed efficiency ratios of Fish offered the low Fish Meal diet supplemented with seafood flavor or Fish flavor #2 were not significantly different from the control (high Fish Meal diet). Based on the results of this study, with suitable formulation restrictions, soy protein is acceptable for inclusion in practical diet formulations for red drum. However, soy protein itself does not appear replete in sulfur-containing amino acids and does not have acceptable palatability properties. Consequently, feeds containing reduced levels of marine proteins could require suitable attractants and/or amino acid supplements.
Karl B Andree - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dietary aquaculture by product hydrolysates impact on the transcriptomic response of the intestinal mucosa of european seabass dicentrarchus labrax fed low Fish Meal diets
BMC Genomics, 2018Co-Authors: Alexandre Leduc, Enric Gisbert, Celine Zatylnygaudin, Marie Robert, Erwan Corre, Gildas Le Corguille, Helene Castel, Antoine Lefevrescelles, Vincent Fournier, Karl B AndreeAbstract:Aquaculture production is expected to double by 2030, and demands for aquafeeds and raw materials are expected to increase accordingly. Sustainable growth of aquaculture will require the development of highly nutritive and functional raw materials to efficiently replace Fish Meal. Enzymatic hydrolysis of marine and aquaculture raw materials could bring new functionalities to finished products. The aim of this study was to determine the zootechnical and transcriptomic performances of protein hydrolysates of different origins (tilapia, shrimp, and a combination of the two) in European seabass (Dicentrarchux labrax) fed a low Fish Meal diet (5%), for 65 days. Results were compared to a positive control fed with 20% of Fish Meal. Growth performances, anterior intestine histological organization and transcriptomic responses were monitored and analyzed. Dietary inclusion of protein hydrolysates in the low Fish Meal diet restored similar growth performances to those of the positive control. Inclusion of dietary shrimp hydrolysate resulted in larger villi and more goblet cells, even better than the positive control. Transcriptomic analysis of the anterior intestine showed that dietary hydrolysate inclusion restored a pattern of intestinal gene expression very close to the pattern of the positive control. However, as compared to the low Fish Meal diet and depending on their origin, the different hydrolysates did not modulate metabolic pathways in the same way. Dietary shrimp hydrolysate inclusion modulated more metabolic pathways related to immunity, while nutritional metabolism was more impacted by dietary tilapia hydrolysate. Interestingly, the combination of the two hydrolysates enhanced the benefits of hydrolysate inclusion in diets: more genes and metabolic pathways were regulated by the combined hydrolysates than by each hydrolysate tested independently. Protein hydrolysates manufactured from aquaculture by-products are promising candidates to help replace Fish Meal in aquaculture feeds without disrupting animal metabolism and performances.
Kotaro Kikuchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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use of defatted soybean Meal as a substitute for Fish Meal in diets of japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus
Aquaculture, 1999Co-Authors: Kotaro KikuchiAbstract:Feeding experiments were conducted to examine the potential use of defatted soybean Meal (SBM) in combinations with blood Meal (BM), corn gluten Meal (CGM), and freeze-dried meat of blue mussel as a partial replacement of Fish Meal in the diet of Japanese flounder. Juvenile Fish of about 5 g in initial body weight were fed diets to satiation twice daily, 6 days per week for 8 weeks at 20°C. The control diet contained 75% Fish Meal as the protein source, while 35 or 45% Fish Meal was replaced with other sources of protein in the experimental diets (replacing approximately 45 or 55% of Fish Meal protein in the control); 25, 30, or 40% SBM, 10% BM or CGM, and 5% freeze-dried meat of blue mussel. Diets containing 25% SBM in combination with BM or CGM and the blue mussel (replace 47 or 44% of Fish Meal protein) resulted in best growth and feed utilization among all dietary groups tested. The final body weight, weight gain, and protein efficiency ratio in these dietary groups were higher than those for the control (P<0.05). The weight gain of Fish fed diets containing 40% SBM (replace 43%), and 30% SBM in combination with 10% BM or CGM (replace 47 or 45%), were comparable to that of the control, however, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio were significantly lower except that feed efficiency for the 30% SBM and 10% BM diet (P<0.05). Diets containing 40% SBM and 10% BM or CGM (replace 59 or 57%) showed inferior growth and feed utilization compared to the control (P<0.05). There were no marked differences in hematological characteristics together with proximate composition of the whole body of cultured Fish fed the dietary treatments. These results indicate that about 45% of Fish Meal protein can be replaced with SBM in combination with other protein sources in the diet of juvenile Japanese flounder.
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partial replacement of Fish Meal with corn gluten Meal in diets for japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus
Journal of The World Aquaculture Society, 1999Co-Authors: Kotaro KikuchiAbstract:.— Feeding experiments were conducted to evaluate corn gluten Meal (CGM) as an alternative protein source for Fish Meal in the diet of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. A diet containing 75% white Fish Meal as a sole protein source was the control, and 20, 40, and 60% of Fish Meal protein was replaced with CGM protein in the experimental feeds. Juvenile Fish of about 8 g initial body weight were fed each diet to apparent satiation twice a day. 6 d per week for 8 wk at 20 C. Survival rates of Fish ranged from 98 to 100% and were not significantly different (P > 0.05) among treatments. Final body weight, weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of Fish fed the diets containing CGM up to 40% substitution levels were not statistically different from those of Fish fed the control diet. All production parameters for Fish fed the diet replacing 60% of Fish Meal protein were significantly lower than the control (P≤ 0.05). Supplements of crystalline amino acids to the CGM diet improved the nutritive value of the diet. Since substitution up to 40% did not adversely affect hematological and hematochemical parameters as well as whole body composition of the cultured Fish, it is suggested that up to 40% of Fish Meal protein can be replaced with CGM in the diet of juvenile Japanese flounder.
Alexandre Leduc - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dietary aquaculture by product hydrolysates impact on the transcriptomic response of the intestinal mucosa of european seabass dicentrarchus labrax fed low Fish Meal diets
BMC Genomics, 2018Co-Authors: Alexandre Leduc, Enric Gisbert, Celine Zatylnygaudin, Marie Robert, Erwan Corre, Gildas Le Corguille, Helene Castel, Antoine Lefevrescelles, Vincent Fournier, Karl B AndreeAbstract:Aquaculture production is expected to double by 2030, and demands for aquafeeds and raw materials are expected to increase accordingly. Sustainable growth of aquaculture will require the development of highly nutritive and functional raw materials to efficiently replace Fish Meal. Enzymatic hydrolysis of marine and aquaculture raw materials could bring new functionalities to finished products. The aim of this study was to determine the zootechnical and transcriptomic performances of protein hydrolysates of different origins (tilapia, shrimp, and a combination of the two) in European seabass (Dicentrarchux labrax) fed a low Fish Meal diet (5%), for 65 days. Results were compared to a positive control fed with 20% of Fish Meal. Growth performances, anterior intestine histological organization and transcriptomic responses were monitored and analyzed. Dietary inclusion of protein hydrolysates in the low Fish Meal diet restored similar growth performances to those of the positive control. Inclusion of dietary shrimp hydrolysate resulted in larger villi and more goblet cells, even better than the positive control. Transcriptomic analysis of the anterior intestine showed that dietary hydrolysate inclusion restored a pattern of intestinal gene expression very close to the pattern of the positive control. However, as compared to the low Fish Meal diet and depending on their origin, the different hydrolysates did not modulate metabolic pathways in the same way. Dietary shrimp hydrolysate inclusion modulated more metabolic pathways related to immunity, while nutritional metabolism was more impacted by dietary tilapia hydrolysate. Interestingly, the combination of the two hydrolysates enhanced the benefits of hydrolysate inclusion in diets: more genes and metabolic pathways were regulated by the combined hydrolysates than by each hydrolysate tested independently. Protein hydrolysates manufactured from aquaculture by-products are promising candidates to help replace Fish Meal in aquaculture feeds without disrupting animal metabolism and performances.