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Paul T. Costa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Smoking and the five-factor model of personality
    Addiction (Abingdon England), 2004
    Co-Authors: Antonio Terracciano, Paul T. Costa
    Abstract:

    Aims Investigating the association between personality traits and smoking status using a comprehensive model of personality, the five-factor model (FFM).

  • Does Lorr's interpersonal style inventory measure the five-factor model?☆
    Personality and Individual Differences, 1994
    Co-Authors: Robert R. Mccrae, Paul T. Costa
    Abstract:

    Abstract The second-order factors of Lorr's Interpersonal Style Inventory (ISI) have been interpreted as measures of the five-factor model. To assess that hypothesis, 126 adult men and women completed the ISI and two measures of the model: the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and a set of adjective scales. Correlations showed significant agreement at the level of broad factors, and a joint factor analysis with individual ISI scales recovered the hypothesized five factors. However, several ISI scales loaded on different factors than would have been predicted from their classification in the ISI. Results confirm the generality of the five-factor model but underscore the need for detailed empirical analyses to confirm or qualify interpretations of scales in terms of the five-factor model.

  • Personality Disorders and the five-factor model of Personality
    1994
    Co-Authors: Paul T. Costa, Robert R. Mccrae
    Abstract:

    Data from three normal samples were used to examine links between personality disorder scales and measures of the five-factor model of personality. In the first study, self-reports, spouse ratings, and peer ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), a measure of the five basic factors of personality, were correlated with MMPI personality disorder scales in a sample of 297 adult volunteers. In the second study, self-reports on the NEO-PI were correlated with Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-I) scales in a sample of 207 adults; self-reports on the MCMI-II were examined in a sample of 62 students. Results generally replicated the findings of Wiggins and Pincus (1990), suggesting that the five-factor model encompasses dimensions of both normal and abnormal personality. Distinctions between the MMPI, MCMI-I, and MCMI-II scales are examined in light of the model, and suggestions are made for integrating traditional personality trait models with psychiatric conceptions of disorder.

  • Clinical use of the five-factor model: an introduction.
    Journal of Personality Assessment, 1991
    Co-Authors: Paul T. Costa
    Abstract:

    In the past decade, clinical psychologists have developed a renewed appreciation of the value of assessment. At the same time, personality psychologists have come to agree on a fundamental taxonomy of personality traits, the five-factor model. Articles in this special series describe the model and its measurement and discuss applications in three different settings: general clinical practice, a sexual behaviors consultation unit, and a behavioral medicine clinic. This introduction raises questions about the use of personality profiles in psychodiagnosis, the range of applicability of the five-factor model, the utility of personality feedback in psychotherapy, the stability of personality scores among psychotherapy patients, and the feasibility of using personality scores to select optimal forms of treatment. This special series is intended to stimulate research on such topics.

  • Adjective Check List Scales and the five-factor model
    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1991
    Co-Authors: Ralph L. Piedmont, Robert R. Mccrae, Paul T. Costa
    Abstract:

    Correlations of Adjective Check List (ACL; Gough & Heilbrun, 1965, 1983) scales with measures of the five-factor model of personality provide a basis for reinterpreting ealier studies and construing new ACL scales in terms of a common conceptual framework

Thomas A. Widiger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • five-factor model and Personality Disorder
    Oxford Handbooks Online, 2016
    Co-Authors: Thomas A. Widiger, Cristina Crego, Whitney L. Gore, Stephanie L. Rojas, Joshua R. Oltmanns
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the relationship of the Five Factor model (FFM) to personality disorder. The FFM has traditionally been viewed as a dimensional model of normal personality structure. However, it should probably be viewed as a dimensional model of general personality structure, including maladaptive as well as adaptive personality traits. Discussed herein is the empirical support for the coverage of personality disorders within the FFM; the ability of the FFM to explain the convergence and divergence among personality disorder scales; the relationship of the FFM to the DSM-5 dimensional trait model; the empirical support for maladaptivity within both poles of each FFM domain (focusing in particular on agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness); and the development of scales for the assessment of maladaptive variants of the FFM.

  • Five Factor model of Personality, Personality Disorder
    International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Cristina Crego, Thomas A. Widiger
    Abstract:

    It is evident that the conceptualization, diagnosis, and classification of personality disorder are shifting toward a dimensional trait model and, more specifically, the five-factor model (FFM) in particular. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the FFM of personality disorder. It will begin with a description of this dimensional model of normal and abnormal personality functioning, along with a brief overview of its empirical support. This will be followed by a discussion of its potential advantages, as well as a comparison with Section III of DSM-5 for emerging models and measures.

  • Clinical application of the five-factor model.
    Journal of personality, 2013
    Co-Authors: Thomas A. Widiger, Jennifer Ruth Presnall
    Abstract:

    The five-factor model (FFM) has become the predominant dimensional model of general personality structure.The purpose of this paper is to suggest a clinical application.A substantial body of research indicates that the personality disorders included within the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) can be understood as extreme and/or maladaptive variants of the FFM (the acronym “DSM” refers to any particular edition of the APA DSM). In addition, the current proposal for the forthcoming fifth edition of the DSM (i.e., DSM-5) is shifting closely toward an FFM dimensional trait model of personality disorder. Advantages of this shifting conceptualization are discussed, including treatment planning. The five-factor model (FFM) has arguably become the predominant dimensional model of general personality structure within psychology (Caspi, Roberts, & Shiner, 2005; John, Naumann, & Soto, 2008). The FFM was derived originally from studies of the English language with an aim toward identifying the essential domains of personality. This lexical hypothesis suggests that the relative importance of a trait is indicated by the number of terms that have been developed within a language to describe the different magnitudes and nuances of that trait, and the structure of the traits is evident by the relationship among the trait terms (see Goldberg, 1993, for a discussion of and support for the lexical paradigm). Five broad domains have been isolated in the lexical studies of the English language: Extraversion (otherwise known as surgency or positive affectivity), Agreeableness (versus antagonism), Conscientiousness (or constraint), Neuroticism (emotional instability or negative affectivity), and Openness to Experience (intellect or unconventionality). Subsequent lexical studies have been conducted on many additional languages (e.g., Chinese, Czech, Dutch, Filipino, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Polish, Russian, Spanish, and Turkish), and this research has confirmed reasonably well the

  • five-factor model assessment of personality disorder.
    Journal of personality assessment, 2007
    Co-Authors: Thomas A. Widiger, Jennifer Ruth Lowe
    Abstract:

    The five-factor model (FFM) provides a viable dimensional model of personality disorder assessment. Advantages of the FFM include the provision of a precise yet comprehensive description of both normal and abnormal personality functioning, the avoidance of the many limitations and problems inherent to the categorical diagnostic system, and the incorporation of basic science research on general personality structure and functioning into clinicians' description and understanding of personality disorders. We discuss three alternative instruments for the assessment of personality disorder from the perspective of the FFM. We also provide a method for diagnosing personality disorders and illustrate its application through a case study.

  • Five factor model of personality disorder: Integrating science and practice
    Journal of Research in Personality, 2005
    Co-Authors: Thomas A. Widiger
    Abstract:

    Abstract The National Institute of Mental Health has been encouraging the implementation of “translational” research, or studies that integrate basic science and applied, clinical practice. A potential exemplification of this effort would be the integration of basic science research on personality structure with the psychiatric classification of personality disorders; more specifically, a five-factor model of personality disorder. Advantages of a five-factor model of personality disorder include the provision of a precise yet comprehensive description of both normal and abnormal personality functioning, the avoidance of the many limitations and problems inherent to categorical diagnoses, and the incorporation of basic science research on general personality functioning into our understanding of personality disorders. An important goal of future research will be to evaluate its potential utility in clinical practice.

John M. Malouff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the five factor model of personality and relationship satisfaction of intimate partners a meta analysis
    Journal of Research in Personality, 2010
    Co-Authors: John M. Malouff, Einar B. Thorsteinsson, Nicola S. Schutte, Navjot Bhullar, Sally E Rooke
    Abstract:

    Abstract A meta-analysis that included 19 samples with a total of 3848 participants showed that scores on four of the five-factor model personality factors correlated significantly with level of relationship satisfaction by intimate heterosexual partners. The four personality characteristics were low neuroticism, high agreeableness, high conscientiousness, and high extraversion. The associations between an individual’s personality characteristics and the relationship satisfaction of the individual’s intimate partner did not vary significantly from men to women or from married to unmarried individuals. The results of the meta-analysis provide support for the utility of the five-factor model of personality in understanding an important realm of life, intimate relationships.

  • The five-factor model of personality and smoking: a meta-analysis.
    Journal of drug education, 2006
    Co-Authors: John M. Malouff, Einar B. Thorsteinsson, Nicola S. Schutte
    Abstract:

    This article describes a meta-analysis of the relationship between the five-factor model of personality and smoking. The results, based on nine studies and a total of 4,730 participants, show that smoking was associated with the following five-factor traits: low conscientiousness, low agreeableness, and high neuroticism. Smokers outside Canada and the United States had significantly higher extraversion than nonsmokers, while extraversion was not significantly related to smoking in Canada and the United States. The results, which for the first time quantified precisely through meta-analysis the association between the five-factor model of personality and smoking, provide support for the relevance of the five-factor model to an important behavior and for the trait element of Gilbert's (1995) Situation-Trait-Adaptation-Response model of smoking. The results also suggest possible avenues for smoking prevention and treatment and for further smoking research.

Toshihiko Hamanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • TYPUS MELANCHOLICUS IN LIGHT OF THE five-factor model OF PERSONALITY
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 1998
    Co-Authors: Toshi A. Furukawa, Atsurou Yamada, Hideaki Tabuse, Kazuyoshi Kawai, Kiyoshi Takahashi, Masao Nakanishi, Toshihiko Hamanaka
    Abstract:

    The present paper examines Typus melancholicus (TM), which is widely accepted as premorbid personality of depression in Germany and Japan, from the viewpoint of the five-factor model of personality, which has recently been gaining international popularity as the comprehensive model of personality traits. Two measures of TM, von Zerssen’s F-list and Kasahara’s scale, as well as the personality questionnaire for the five-factor model, NEO Five Factor Inventory, were completed for 140 consecutive psychiatric outpatients by their close relatives. It was found that (a) the two measures of TM had good internal consistency reliability, (b) they had reasonable concurrent validity, and (c) TM was characterized by high Conscientiousness, high Agreeableness and, to a lesser degree, high Extraversion. The results were largely in agreement with theoretical prediction and provide further support to the construct validity of the TM measures. Whether combining the three personality traits into one type is meaningful in depicting a particular premorbid personality constellation awaits further empirical examination.

Nicola S. Schutte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the five factor model of personality and relationship satisfaction of intimate partners a meta analysis
    Journal of Research in Personality, 2010
    Co-Authors: John M. Malouff, Einar B. Thorsteinsson, Nicola S. Schutte, Navjot Bhullar, Sally E Rooke
    Abstract:

    Abstract A meta-analysis that included 19 samples with a total of 3848 participants showed that scores on four of the five-factor model personality factors correlated significantly with level of relationship satisfaction by intimate heterosexual partners. The four personality characteristics were low neuroticism, high agreeableness, high conscientiousness, and high extraversion. The associations between an individual’s personality characteristics and the relationship satisfaction of the individual’s intimate partner did not vary significantly from men to women or from married to unmarried individuals. The results of the meta-analysis provide support for the utility of the five-factor model of personality in understanding an important realm of life, intimate relationships.

  • The five-factor model of personality and smoking: a meta-analysis.
    Journal of drug education, 2006
    Co-Authors: John M. Malouff, Einar B. Thorsteinsson, Nicola S. Schutte
    Abstract:

    This article describes a meta-analysis of the relationship between the five-factor model of personality and smoking. The results, based on nine studies and a total of 4,730 participants, show that smoking was associated with the following five-factor traits: low conscientiousness, low agreeableness, and high neuroticism. Smokers outside Canada and the United States had significantly higher extraversion than nonsmokers, while extraversion was not significantly related to smoking in Canada and the United States. The results, which for the first time quantified precisely through meta-analysis the association between the five-factor model of personality and smoking, provide support for the relevance of the five-factor model to an important behavior and for the trait element of Gilbert's (1995) Situation-Trait-Adaptation-Response model of smoking. The results also suggest possible avenues for smoking prevention and treatment and for further smoking research.