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Craig A Shoemaker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of native catfish mucus on Flavobacterium Columnare growth and proteolytic activity.
Journal of fish diseases, 2018Co-Authors: Craig A Shoemaker, Benjamin R. Lafrentz, Eric Peatman, Benjamin H. BeckAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare causes columnaris disease of farmed and wild freshwater fish. Skin mucus is an important factor in early stages of columnaris pathogenesis, albeit little studied. Our objectives were to (a) characterize the terminal glycosylation pattern (TGP) of catfish mucus, (b) determine the growth of F. Columnare in formulated water (FW)-containing channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) or hybrid catfish (Ictalurus punctatus X Ictalurus furcatus) mucus and (c) examine extracellular protease activity of two F. Columnare isolates differing in virulence. The TGP of catfish mucus by lectin binding was as follows: alpha-D-mannose/alpha-D-glucose >N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine >N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine/N-acetylneuraminic acid >N-acetyl-D-galactosamine >alpha-D-galactose/N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine >beta-D-galactose = alpha-L-fucose. Virulence studies demonstrated isolate AL-02-36 was highly virulent in channel catfish fry (0.1 g) with cumulative mortality of 90%-100% versus 60% for isolate ALG-00-530 at equivalent doses (~3 × 106 CFU/ml); a similar result was observed in larger (0.7 g) catfish. In multiple experiments, F. Columnare replicated (2-3 logs) and survived (28 days) in formulated water-containing catfish mucus. Highly virulent isolate AL-02-36 possessed at least 2.5- to fivefold higher protease activity following growth in mucus than the less virulent ALG-00-530. Flavobacterium Columnare utilized catfish mucus as a nutrient source and mucus presence modulated extracellular protease production.
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Growth and survival of the fish pathogenic bacterium, Flavobacterium Columnare, in tilapia mucus and porcine gastric mucin
FEMS microbiology letters, 2015Co-Authors: Craig A Shoemaker, Benjamin R. LafrentzAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare , an economically important Gram-negative bacterium of freshwater farmed fish, colonizes the skin and gills in the initial steps of pathogenesis. The surface of fish is coated with mucus made up of high molecular weight glycoproteins. Limited studies have described the ability of bacterial pathogens to grow in fish mucus. Our objective was to determine if F. Columnare isolates could grow and survive in formulated water (FW) containing autoclaved tilapia mucus or porcine gastric mucin. We demonstrated the ability of F. Columnare genomovars I, II, II-B and III to replicate (2–3 logs) and survive (21 to >100 days) in FW containing tilapia mucus. In a second experiment, genomovar I and II isolates were found to replicate in FW containing tilapia mucus or porcine mucin but not in FW only. From a practical standpoint, fish handling and/or hauling results in stress that leads to mucus sloughing often with subsequent F. Columnare infection. Flavobacterium Columnare utilizes fish mucus as a nutrient source, and studies are underway to determine if growth in mucus or mucin results in differential protein expression and/or increased virulence of F. Columnare towards fish.
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Efficacy of a modified live Flavobacterium Columnare vaccine in fish
Fish & shellfish immunology, 2010Co-Authors: Craig A Shoemaker, Phillip H Klesius, John D. Drennan, Joyce J. EvansAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare is an aquatic bacterium that is responsible for columnaris disease. This aquatic pathogen has a worldwide distribution and is highly infectious to both warm and cold water fish. A modified live F. Columnare vaccine was developed by repeated passage of a virulent strain on increasing concentrations of rifampicin that resulted in attenuation. Here we report vaccination/challenge trials to evaluate efficacy and safety. In separate laboratory trials, immersion vaccination of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fry between 10 to 48 days post hatch (DPH) with experimental vaccine or licensed product resulted in relative percent survival (RPS) between 57-94% following challenge. Similarly, a vaccination/challenge trial using largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fry at 10 DPH was performed using various doses of licensed product under laboratory conditions. Results demonstrated safety of the vaccine and significant protection following challenge with RPS values between 74-94%, depending on vaccine dose. Together, these trials demonstrate the vaccine administered to early life-stage channel catfish and largemouth bass is safe and reduces mortality following challenge with F. Columnare.
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cloning expression and immunogenicity of Flavobacterium Columnare heat shock protein dnaj
Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 2010Co-Authors: Oscar Olivaresfuster, Jeffery S Terhune, Craig A Shoemaker, Covadonga R. AriasAbstract:Abstract The Flavobacterium Columnare heat shock protein (HSP) gene dnaJ* was isolated, cloned, expressed, and used as an antigen in a recombinant vaccine strategy for channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. The F. Columnare dnaJ* sequence was obtained from genomovars I and II and showed intraspecies variability. Recombinant protein was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli cultures and injected intraperitoneally (12 μg of purified DnaJ/fish) into fingerling channel catfish. In addition, induced (expressing the recombinant DnaJ) and uninduced (no recombinant protein being produced) E. coli cultures were also used to immunize fish. At 28 d postimmunization, antibody response was evaluated and the fish were challenged with F. Columnare. A specific immune response against DnaJ was observed in fish immunized with DnaJ or E. coli cultures expressing DnaJ. No protection against the disease, however, was observed in F. Columnare-challenged fish that had been immunized with DnaJ. Some level of protection was ...
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Survival of vaccinated, feed-trained largemouth bass fry (Micropterus salmoides floridanus) during natural exposure to Flavobacterium Columnare.
Vaccine, 2009Co-Authors: Julie Bebak, Michael Matthews, Craig A ShoemakerAbstract:Vaccinated, feed-trained largemouth bass fry (Micropterus salmoides floridanus) were cohabited with sham-vaccinated fish. Fish were exposed, under natural conditions, to Flavobacterium Columnare, a ubiquitous bacterium associated with columnaris disease. During every time interval, the probability that a vaccinated fish would survive past time, t, was greater than for sham-vaccinated fish and survivor functions were significantly different (p-value
Covadonga R. Arias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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virulence and molecular variation of Flavobacterium Columnare affecting rainbow trout in idaho usa
Aquaculture, 2016Co-Authors: Jason P Evenhuis, Scott E Lapatra, Haitham H Mohammed, Timothy J Welch, Covadonga R. AriasAbstract:Abstract Columnaris disease, caused by Flavobacterium Columnare , is an emerging problem in the rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) aquaculture industry of Idaho. All F. Columnare isolates taken from disease outbreaks in the rainbow trout producing region of southern Idaho, and for rainbow trout, are all genomovar I. Virulence phenotyping of 11 genomovar I and 1 genomovar I/II isolates, taken from 6 different farms, suggests significant variation in virulence toward rainbow trout with the most virulent strains having an LD50 of 1 × 10 6 CFU/ml − 1 when using a waterborne challenge model. The least virulent strain required 8 × 10 6 CFU/ml − 1 to reach the LD50. AFLP fingerprinting of these strains and the resulting phylogenetic tree show that all of the strains tested had a percent similarity of 75% or higher, save one, the MS-FC-4 strain had F. Columnare isolated from disease outbreaks in rainbow trout production have a higher degree of diversity than previously thought.
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Adaptive response to starvation in the fish pathogen Flavobacterium Columnare: cell viability and ultrastructural changes.
BMC microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: Covadonga R. Arias, Wenlong Cai, Stacey Lafrentz, Oscar Olivares-fusterAbstract:Background The ecology of columnaris disease, caused by Flavobacterium Columnare, is poorly understood despite the economic losses that this disease inflicts on aquaculture farms worldwide. Currently, the natural reservoir for this pathogen is unknown but limited data have shown its ability to survive in water for extended periods of time. The objective of this study was to describe the ultrastructural changes that F. Columnare cells undergo under starvation conditions. Four genetically distinct strains of this pathogen were monitored for 14 days in media without nutrients. Culturability and cell viability was assessed throughout the study. In addition, cell morphology and ultrastructure was analyzed using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Revival of starved cells under different nutrient conditions and the virulence potential of the starved cells were also investigated.
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cloning expression and immunogenicity of Flavobacterium Columnare heat shock protein dnaj
Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 2010Co-Authors: Oscar Olivaresfuster, Jeffery S Terhune, Craig A Shoemaker, Covadonga R. AriasAbstract:Abstract The Flavobacterium Columnare heat shock protein (HSP) gene dnaJ* was isolated, cloned, expressed, and used as an antigen in a recombinant vaccine strategy for channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. The F. Columnare dnaJ* sequence was obtained from genomovars I and II and showed intraspecies variability. Recombinant protein was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli cultures and injected intraperitoneally (12 μg of purified DnaJ/fish) into fingerling channel catfish. In addition, induced (expressing the recombinant DnaJ) and uninduced (no recombinant protein being produced) E. coli cultures were also used to immunize fish. At 28 d postimmunization, antibody response was evaluated and the fish were challenged with F. Columnare. A specific immune response against DnaJ was observed in fish immunized with DnaJ or E. coli cultures expressing DnaJ. No protection against the disease, however, was observed in F. Columnare-challenged fish that had been immunized with DnaJ. Some level of protection was ...
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Use of suppressive subtractive hybridization to identify Flavobacterium Columnare DNA sequences not shared with Flavobacterium johnsoniae
Letters in applied microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: O. Olivares-fuster, Covadonga R. AriasAbstract:Aims: To identify specific sequences in the fish pathogen Flavobacterium Columnare not shared by Flavobacterium johnsoniae. Methods and Results: Suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to selectively amplify and clone F. Columnare-specific sequences. A highly virulent strain of F. Columnare was used as tester and the type strain of F. johnsoniae was used as driver. After library construction, 192 clones were selected and sequenced. From those, 110 clones contained unique F. Columnare-specific sequences that were verified using dot blot hybridization. Sequence sizes ranged from 55 to 872 bp with 45 363 bp sequenced in total. Conclusions: Specific F. Columnare sequences representing all but one (motility related) functional categories were annotated. Several putative virulence factors were identified in F. Columnare such as a collagenase, a chondroitinase, proteases, as well as drug resistance and iron transport-related genes. Significance and Impact of the Study: Suppressive subtractive hybridization is a cost-effective method for identifying genetic differences between Flavobacterium spp. The number of sequences available from F. Columnare has been doubled.
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Flavobacterium Columnare genomovar influences mortality in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus
Veterinary Microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Craig A Shoemaker, Oscar Olivaresfuster, Covadonga R. Arias, Phillip H KlesiusAbstract:Abstract Flavobacterium Columnare, causal agent of columnaris disease, is pathogenic to many species of freshwater fish throughout the world. The United States channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture industry is severely impacted by columnaris disease. The majority of the F. Columnare isolates recovered from diseased channel catfish belonged to either genomovars I or II. The objective of the present study was to determine if differences existed in the ability of these genomovars to induce mortality in channel catfish. Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) was used to ascribe the isolates used in this study to the appropriate genomovar. Immersion challenge experiments (15 min immersion exposure to ∼5 × 105 to 1 × 106 CFU/mL) were carried out to assess virulence of genomovar I and II isolates to channel catfish. The results demonstrated that genomovar II (n = 4) isolates were significantly (P
Benjamin R. Lafrentz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of a species-specific polymerase chain reaction for highly sensitive detection of Flavobacterium Columnare targeting chondroitin AC lyase gene
Aquaculture, 2020Co-Authors: Mahmoud Mabrok, Benjamin R. Lafrentz, Ha Thanh Dong, Pattanapon Kayansamruaj, Putita Chokmangmeepisarn, Channarong RodkhumAbstract:Abstract Columnaris disease, caused by Flavobacterium Columnare, is an acute infection of gills and fins, that exists worldwide and causes remarkable losses in freshwater fish. The 16S rRNA gene is not a good candidate for primer design, since this gene has high identity among species in the same genus. In the present study, we developed a species-specific PCR for detection of Flavobacterium Columnare based on the chondroitin AC lyase (cslA) gene. The cslA gene sequence from 13 F. Columnare strains were aligned to design a specific primer set, Fcol-F and Fcol-R, based on conserved region of the gene. The new primer set produced a specific amplicon of 287 bp from 83 isolates of F. Columnare but not from related or other bacterial pathogens. The PCR was sensitive and detected up to 3 pg of genomic DNA and as few as 7 colony-forming units of bacteria. The sensitivity was decreased tenfold when F. Columnare gDNA was spiked into tissue samples. The designed primers precisely amplified F. Columnare from skin and gills of infected fish, but not in those of clinically healthy fish, reflecting their possible use for diagnostic purposes.
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Multiplex PCR for genotyping Flavobacterium Columnare.
Journal of fish diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Benjamin R. Lafrentz, Julio C. García, John P. ShelleyAbstract:Recent research has identified four distinct genetic groups among isolates of Flavobacterium Columnare through multilocus phylogenetic analyses; however, there are no quick methods to determine the genotype of an isolate. The objective of this research was to develop a multiplex PCR to rapidly genotype F. Columnare to genetic group. Comparative bacterial genomics was used to identify regions in the genomes unique to each genetic group, and primers were designed to specifically amplify different sized amplicons for each genetic group. The optimized assay was demonstrated to be specific for each genetic group and F. Columnare, and no specific amplicons were generated using gDNA from a panel of other Flavobacterium spp. and bacterial fish pathogens. The analytical sensitivity of the assay ranged from 209 to 883 genome equivalents depending on the genetic group. The multiplex PCR was evaluated by genotyping a panel of 22 unknown F. Columnare isolates and performing DNA sequencing of the dnaK gene in parallel. The results demonstrated 100% accordance between multiplex PCR results and assignment to genetic group via phylogenetic analysis. The multiplex PCR provides a useful tool for assigning an unknown isolate to genetic group and may be used to determine which genetic groups of F. Columnare are circulating and most predominant in different aquaculture industries.
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Influence of native catfish mucus on Flavobacterium Columnare growth and proteolytic activity.
Journal of fish diseases, 2018Co-Authors: Craig A Shoemaker, Benjamin R. Lafrentz, Eric Peatman, Benjamin H. BeckAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare causes columnaris disease of farmed and wild freshwater fish. Skin mucus is an important factor in early stages of columnaris pathogenesis, albeit little studied. Our objectives were to (a) characterize the terminal glycosylation pattern (TGP) of catfish mucus, (b) determine the growth of F. Columnare in formulated water (FW)-containing channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) or hybrid catfish (Ictalurus punctatus X Ictalurus furcatus) mucus and (c) examine extracellular protease activity of two F. Columnare isolates differing in virulence. The TGP of catfish mucus by lectin binding was as follows: alpha-D-mannose/alpha-D-glucose >N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine >N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine/N-acetylneuraminic acid >N-acetyl-D-galactosamine >alpha-D-galactose/N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine >beta-D-galactose = alpha-L-fucose. Virulence studies demonstrated isolate AL-02-36 was highly virulent in channel catfish fry (0.1 g) with cumulative mortality of 90%-100% versus 60% for isolate ALG-00-530 at equivalent doses (~3 × 106 CFU/ml); a similar result was observed in larger (0.7 g) catfish. In multiple experiments, F. Columnare replicated (2-3 logs) and survived (28 days) in formulated water-containing catfish mucus. Highly virulent isolate AL-02-36 possessed at least 2.5- to fivefold higher protease activity following growth in mucus than the less virulent ALG-00-530. Flavobacterium Columnare utilized catfish mucus as a nutrient source and mucus presence modulated extracellular protease production.
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Isolation and characterization of Flavobacterium Columnare strains infecting fishes inhabiting the Laurentian Great Lakes basin.
Journal of fish diseases, 2016Co-Authors: Mohamed Faisal, Benjamin R. Lafrentz, Julio C. García, A Diamanka, Thomas P. Loch, Andrew D. Winters, B S ToguebayeAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare, the aetiological agent of columnaris disease, causes significant losses in fish worldwide. In this study, the prevalence of F. Columnare infection was assessed in representative Great Lakes fish species. Over 2000 wild, feral and hatchery-propagated salmonids, percids, centrarchids, esocids and cyprinids were examined for systemic F. Columnare infections. Logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of F. Columnare infection varied temporally and by the sex of the fish, whereby females had significantly higher prevalence of infection. A total of 305 isolates of F. Columnare were recovered. Amplification of the near complete 16S rRNA gene from 34 representative isolates and subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses demonstrated that all belonged to F. Columnare genomovar I. Phylogenetic analysis of near complete 16S rRNA gene sequences also placed the isolates in genomovar I, but revealed some intragenomovar heterogeneity. Together, these results suggest that F. Columnare genomovar I is widespread in the Great Lakes Basin, where its presence may lead to mortality.
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Virulence of Flavobacterium Columnare genomovars in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2016Co-Authors: Jason P Evenhuis, Benjamin R. LafrentzAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare is the causative agent of columnaris disease and is re - sponsible for significant economic losses in aquaculture. F. Columnare is a Gram-negative bac- terium, and 5 genetic types or genomovars have been described based on restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16S rRNA gene. Previous research has suggested that genomovar II isolates are more virulent than genomovar I isolates to multiple species of fish, including rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. In addition, improved genotyping methods have shown that some isolates previously classified as genomovar I, and used in challenge experiments, were in fact genomovar III. Our objective was to confirm previous results with respect to genomovar II viru- lence, and to determine the susceptibility of rainbow trout to other genomovars. The virulence of 8 genomovar I, 4 genomovar II, 3 genomovar II-B, and 5 genomovar III isolates originating from various sources was determined through 3 independent challenges in rainbow trout using an immersion challenge model. Mean cumulative percent mortality (CPM) of ~49% for genomovar I isolates, ~1% for genomovar II, ~5% for the II-B isolates, and ~7% for the III isolates was observed. The inability of genomovar II isolates to produce mortalities in rainbow trout was unanticipated based on previous studies, but may be due to a number of factors including rainbow trout source and water chemistry. The source of fish and/or the presence of sub-optimal environment may influence the susceptibility of rainbow trout to different F. Columnare genomovars.
Phillip H Klesius - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy of a modified live Flavobacterium Columnare vaccine in fish
Fish & shellfish immunology, 2010Co-Authors: Craig A Shoemaker, Phillip H Klesius, John D. Drennan, Joyce J. EvansAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare is an aquatic bacterium that is responsible for columnaris disease. This aquatic pathogen has a worldwide distribution and is highly infectious to both warm and cold water fish. A modified live F. Columnare vaccine was developed by repeated passage of a virulent strain on increasing concentrations of rifampicin that resulted in attenuation. Here we report vaccination/challenge trials to evaluate efficacy and safety. In separate laboratory trials, immersion vaccination of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fry between 10 to 48 days post hatch (DPH) with experimental vaccine or licensed product resulted in relative percent survival (RPS) between 57-94% following challenge. Similarly, a vaccination/challenge trial using largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fry at 10 DPH was performed using various doses of licensed product under laboratory conditions. Results demonstrated safety of the vaccine and significant protection following challenge with RPS values between 74-94%, depending on vaccine dose. Together, these trials demonstrate the vaccine administered to early life-stage channel catfish and largemouth bass is safe and reduces mortality following challenge with F. Columnare.
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Flavobacterium Columnare genomovar influences mortality in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus
Veterinary Microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Craig A Shoemaker, Oscar Olivaresfuster, Covadonga R. Arias, Phillip H KlesiusAbstract:Abstract Flavobacterium Columnare, causal agent of columnaris disease, is pathogenic to many species of freshwater fish throughout the world. The United States channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture industry is severely impacted by columnaris disease. The majority of the F. Columnare isolates recovered from diseased channel catfish belonged to either genomovars I or II. The objective of the present study was to determine if differences existed in the ability of these genomovars to induce mortality in channel catfish. Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) was used to ascribe the isolates used in this study to the appropriate genomovar. Immersion challenge experiments (15 min immersion exposure to ∼5 × 105 to 1 × 106 CFU/mL) were carried out to assess virulence of genomovar I and II isolates to channel catfish. The results demonstrated that genomovar II (n = 4) isolates were significantly (P
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Flavobacterium Columnare chemotaxis to channel catfish mucus.
FEMS Microbiology Letters, 2008Co-Authors: Phillip H Klesius, Craig A Shoemaker, Joyce J. EvansAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare is a Gram-negative pathogen of many species of wild and cultured fish. Isolates from diseased channel catfish belong to either genomovar I or II. Genomovar II isolates were found to be more virulent than genomovar I isolates. The objective of the present study was to determine whether differences exist in the chemotactic response of these genomovars to mucus obtained from the skin, gills and intestines of healthy channel catfish using the capillary chemotaxis assay. Mucus from the skin and gill induced a greater chemotactic response by F. Columnare than mucus from the intestine. Sixty percent of mucus from the skin of individual catfish yielded a positive chemotactic response from F. Columnare. Finally, skin mucus induced a greater chemotactic response in genomovar II F. Columnare than in genomovar I F. Columnare isolates. The data indicate that mucus from channel catfish results in a chemotactic response by F. Columnare. This positive chemotactic response may be an important first step for F. Columnare colonization of channel catfish skin or gills. Although the role that chemotaxis plays in the virulence of F. Columnare is not fully defined, the chemotactic response of genomovar ll isolates suggests that chemotaxis is associated with virulence.
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Flavobacterium Columnare genomovar influences mortality in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).
Veterinary microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: Craig A Shoemaker, Oscar Olivares-fuster, Covadonga R. Arias, Phillip H KlesiusAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare, causal agent of columnaris disease, is pathogenic to many species of freshwater fish throughout the world. The United States channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture industry is severely impacted by columnaris disease. The majority of the F. Columnare isolates recovered from diseased channel catfish belonged to either genomovars I or II. The objective of the present study was to determine if differences existed in the ability of these genomovars to induce mortality in channel catfish. Single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) was used to ascribe the isolates used in this study to the appropriate genomovar. Immersion challenge experiments (15min immersion exposure to approximately 5x10(5) to 1x10(6) CFU/mL) were carried out to assess virulence of genomovar I and II isolates to channel catfish. The results demonstrated that genomovar II (n=4) isolates were significantly (P
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Passive immunization of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus with anti-Flavobacterium Columnare sera.
Diseases of aquatic organisms, 2007Co-Authors: Richard A. Shelby, Craig A Shoemaker, Phillip H KlesiusAbstract:Passive immunization of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque) was conducted to determine if anti-Flavobacterium Columnare serum was protective when injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) into channel catfish. The anti-F. Columnare serum was produced by actively immunizing (i.p. injection) channel catfish with sonicated whole cells or purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of F. Columnare in Freund's adjuvant. Serum anti-F. Columnare activity was verified by Western blotting and ELISA of serum. Normal serum and sterile culture broth were used as controls. Complement was inactivated in all sera by heating. After 48 h, passively immunized fish were challenged with virulent F. Columnare by i.p. injection. A group of unchallenged fish served as controls. The immune response of catfish to the antigenic fractions was different when examined by Western blotting. Antibody produced with whole-cell antigen responded to a broad range of molecular weight components, while LPS antigens were restricted to a pair of bands near 20 kDa. Control fish injected with culture medium experienced 100% mortality 14 d post-challenge. Relative percent survival was 77 and 73 for catfish passively immunized with anti-LPS and anti-whole-cell serum, respectively. Results suggest that antibodies in the serum are involved in the protective immune response against columnaris disease in channel catfish.
Jason P Evenhuis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Fish Pathogen Flavobacterium Columnare Strain MS-FC-4.
Genome announcements, 2018Co-Authors: Ryan P. Bartelme, Jason P Evenhuis, Ryan J. Newton, Paul Barbier, Ryan S Lipscomb, Scott E Lapatra, Mark J. McbrideAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare MS-FC-4 is a highly virulent genetic group 1 (formerly genomovar I) strain isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The draft genome consists of three contigs totaling 3,449,277 bp with 2,811 predicted open reading frames. F. Columnare MS-FC-4 is a model strain for functional genomic analyses.
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Fish Pathogen Flavobacterium Columnare Strain CSF-298-10
Genome announcements, 2017Co-Authors: Jason P Evenhuis, Scott E Lapatra, Joerg GrafAbstract:ABSTRACT Flavobacterium Columnare MS-FC-4 is a highly virulent genetic group 1 (formerly genomovar I) strain isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The draft genome consists of three contigs totaling 3,449,277 bp with 2,811 predicted open reading frames. F. Columnare MS-FC-4 is a model strain for functional genomic analyses.
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virulence and molecular variation of Flavobacterium Columnare affecting rainbow trout in idaho usa
Aquaculture, 2016Co-Authors: Jason P Evenhuis, Scott E Lapatra, Haitham H Mohammed, Timothy J Welch, Covadonga R. AriasAbstract:Abstract Columnaris disease, caused by Flavobacterium Columnare , is an emerging problem in the rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) aquaculture industry of Idaho. All F. Columnare isolates taken from disease outbreaks in the rainbow trout producing region of southern Idaho, and for rainbow trout, are all genomovar I. Virulence phenotyping of 11 genomovar I and 1 genomovar I/II isolates, taken from 6 different farms, suggests significant variation in virulence toward rainbow trout with the most virulent strains having an LD50 of 1 × 10 6 CFU/ml − 1 when using a waterborne challenge model. The least virulent strain required 8 × 10 6 CFU/ml − 1 to reach the LD50. AFLP fingerprinting of these strains and the resulting phylogenetic tree show that all of the strains tested had a percent similarity of 75% or higher, save one, the MS-FC-4 strain had F. Columnare isolated from disease outbreaks in rainbow trout production have a higher degree of diversity than previously thought.
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Virulence of Flavobacterium Columnare genomovars in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 2016Co-Authors: Jason P Evenhuis, Benjamin R. LafrentzAbstract:Flavobacterium Columnare is the causative agent of columnaris disease and is re - sponsible for significant economic losses in aquaculture. F. Columnare is a Gram-negative bac- terium, and 5 genetic types or genomovars have been described based on restriction fragment length polymorphism of the 16S rRNA gene. Previous research has suggested that genomovar II isolates are more virulent than genomovar I isolates to multiple species of fish, including rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. In addition, improved genotyping methods have shown that some isolates previously classified as genomovar I, and used in challenge experiments, were in fact genomovar III. Our objective was to confirm previous results with respect to genomovar II viru- lence, and to determine the susceptibility of rainbow trout to other genomovars. The virulence of 8 genomovar I, 4 genomovar II, 3 genomovar II-B, and 5 genomovar III isolates originating from various sources was determined through 3 independent challenges in rainbow trout using an immersion challenge model. Mean cumulative percent mortality (CPM) of ~49% for genomovar I isolates, ~1% for genomovar II, ~5% for the II-B isolates, and ~7% for the III isolates was observed. The inability of genomovar II isolates to produce mortalities in rainbow trout was unanticipated based on previous studies, but may be due to a number of factors including rainbow trout source and water chemistry. The source of fish and/or the presence of sub-optimal environment may influence the susceptibility of rainbow trout to different F. Columnare genomovars.
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Early life stage rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) mortalities due to Flavobacterium Columnare in Idaho, USA
Aquaculture, 2013Co-Authors: Jason P Evenhuis, Scott E Lapatra, David P. MarancikAbstract:Abstract Flavobacterium Columnare is the etiologic agent of columnaris disease, a pervasive disease of fresh water finfish. During the past 4 years, losses that ranged from 5 to 50% in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) fry being reared at a constant 14.5 °C (mean weight, 0.2 g; ~ 400°days post-fertilization), have been occurring in Hagerman Valley, Idaho, USA. A total of 70 different F. Columnare isolates were obtained from diseased fish and the water they were reared in. All of the isolates were confirmed to be genomovar I by 16S rRNA restriction fragment length polymorphism. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA, 16S–23S rDNA spacer region and the gyrase B subunit genes from these 70 strains revealed no sequence differences among these isolates. Whole-cell protein profiling by SDS-PAGE also indicated low variation between isolates. Virulence was assessed for a representative isolate and demonstrated a high degree of pathogenicity against rainbow trout fry at 15 °C. These results suggest the emergence of a highly successful F. Columnare strain that can affect very early life stages of fish being reared at a constant 14.5 °C at a commercial rainbow trout farm in Idaho.