The Experts below are selected from a list of 153 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Howard P. Hodson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a new intermittent aspirated probe for the measurement of stagnation quantities in high temperature gases
    Journal of Turbomachinery-transactions of The Asme, 2011
    Co-Authors: Michela Massini, Robert J Miller, Howard P. Hodson
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the design, manufacture, and testing of a new probe for the measurement of temperature and pressure in engine environments. The probe consists of a choked nozzle located in the Flow and a system downstream including a cooler, a Flow Measuring Device, and a valve. It operates in two modes: In the first mode the valve is open, the probe is aspirated, and the nozzle is choked. The mass Flow through the probe is measured using instrumentation placed downstream of the cooler, so that it does not have contact with the hot Flow. In the second mode, the valve is closed, and the stagnation pressure is measured using the same instrumentation downstream the cooler. The total temperature is computed as a derived variable from the measurements of stagnation pressure and mass Flow rate. There are a number of advantages of the probe over existing methods of temperature measurement. The measurement inaccuracy due to conduction and radiation errors and calibration drift found in thermocouples is significantly reduced; it can measure both stagnation temperature and pressure, halving the instrumentation costs; it has no wiring or transducer in the sensor head; the system can self-calibrate while located within an engine. This paper describes the design of a probe for use in engine environments. The probe prototype is tested up to 900 K and is shown to have an accuracy of ±6 K.

  • a new intermittent aspirated probe for the measurement of stagnation quantities in high temperature gases
    Volume 2: Controls Diagnostics and Instrumentation; Cycle Innovations; Electric Power, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michela Massini, Robert J Miller, Howard P. Hodson
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the design, manufacture and testing of a new probe for the measurement of temperature and pressure in engine environments. The probe consists of a choked nozzle located in the Flow and a system downstream including a cooler, a Flow Measuring Device and a valve. It operates in two modes: in the first mode the valve is open, the probe is aspirated and the nozzle is choked. The mass Flow through the probe is measured using instrumentation placed downstream of the cooler, so that it does not have contact with the hot Flow. In the second mode the valve is closed and the stagnation pressure measured using the same instrumentation downstream the cooler. The total temperature is computed as a derived variable from the measurements of stagnation pressure and mass Flow rate. There are a number of advantages of the probe over existing methods of temperature measurement. The measurement inaccuracy due to conduction and radiation errors and calibration drift found in thermocouples is significantly reduced; it can measure both stagnation temperature and pressure, halving the instrumentation costs; it has no wiring or transducer in the sensor head; the system can self-calibrate while located within an engine. The paper describes the design of a probe for use in engine environments. The probe prototype is tested up to 900K and shown to have an accuracy of ±6K.Copyright © 2008 by ASME

G Laszlo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • standardisation of lung function testing helpful guidance from the ats ers task force
    Thorax, 2006
    Co-Authors: G Laszlo
    Abstract:

    A critical overview of the new ATS/ERS guidelines The American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society have jointly issued a new revision of their guidelines for the performance of spirometry, lung volumes, and carbon monoxide transfer factor. These have been published as a series of documents in the European Respiratory Journal .1–5 They contain much wisdom, some compromises, and a few new recommendations. Blood gases, sleep, exercise, and challenge testing have not yet been readdressed. This brief review highlights a few of the more important recommendations dealing with the performance and interpretation of the several tests. This first chapter is essential reading for laboratory staff and sets standards for hygiene, calibration, quality control, and housekeeping. Observance of these standards will reassure research workers as well as clinicians. Peak Flow is the topic of current research and the task force plans to introduce more stringent standards for home recording. It may be derived from the Flow-volume plot or from a separate blow, ideally using a Flow Measuring Device. The guideline emphasises the importance of rehearsal and the need to blow immediately after a full inspiration. Relaxed expired and inspired vital capacity (EVC and IVC) have been rehabilitated, in spite of the fact that the various COPD guidelines—such as GOLD and others—chose to dispense with them for simplicity. When performing spirometry, the suggested method for EVC is to take the best of three measurements made before the forced expiratory tests, instructing the patient to speed the expiration only at the beginning and end of the blow. There is still no validated standard patter for this test; one suggestion might be “take a full breath in; breathe out gently but firmly”, going on to further encouragement after 2–3 seconds until Flow is less than 0.25 l/s. For forced vital capacity …

Michela Massini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a new intermittent aspirated probe for the measurement of stagnation quantities in high temperature gases
    Journal of Turbomachinery-transactions of The Asme, 2011
    Co-Authors: Michela Massini, Robert J Miller, Howard P. Hodson
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the design, manufacture, and testing of a new probe for the measurement of temperature and pressure in engine environments. The probe consists of a choked nozzle located in the Flow and a system downstream including a cooler, a Flow Measuring Device, and a valve. It operates in two modes: In the first mode the valve is open, the probe is aspirated, and the nozzle is choked. The mass Flow through the probe is measured using instrumentation placed downstream of the cooler, so that it does not have contact with the hot Flow. In the second mode, the valve is closed, and the stagnation pressure is measured using the same instrumentation downstream the cooler. The total temperature is computed as a derived variable from the measurements of stagnation pressure and mass Flow rate. There are a number of advantages of the probe over existing methods of temperature measurement. The measurement inaccuracy due to conduction and radiation errors and calibration drift found in thermocouples is significantly reduced; it can measure both stagnation temperature and pressure, halving the instrumentation costs; it has no wiring or transducer in the sensor head; the system can self-calibrate while located within an engine. This paper describes the design of a probe for use in engine environments. The probe prototype is tested up to 900 K and is shown to have an accuracy of ±6 K.

  • a new intermittent aspirated probe for the measurement of stagnation quantities in high temperature gases
    Volume 2: Controls Diagnostics and Instrumentation; Cycle Innovations; Electric Power, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michela Massini, Robert J Miller, Howard P. Hodson
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the design, manufacture and testing of a new probe for the measurement of temperature and pressure in engine environments. The probe consists of a choked nozzle located in the Flow and a system downstream including a cooler, a Flow Measuring Device and a valve. It operates in two modes: in the first mode the valve is open, the probe is aspirated and the nozzle is choked. The mass Flow through the probe is measured using instrumentation placed downstream of the cooler, so that it does not have contact with the hot Flow. In the second mode the valve is closed and the stagnation pressure measured using the same instrumentation downstream the cooler. The total temperature is computed as a derived variable from the measurements of stagnation pressure and mass Flow rate. There are a number of advantages of the probe over existing methods of temperature measurement. The measurement inaccuracy due to conduction and radiation errors and calibration drift found in thermocouples is significantly reduced; it can measure both stagnation temperature and pressure, halving the instrumentation costs; it has no wiring or transducer in the sensor head; the system can self-calibrate while located within an engine. The paper describes the design of a probe for use in engine environments. The probe prototype is tested up to 900K and shown to have an accuracy of ±6K.Copyright © 2008 by ASME

Robert J Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a new intermittent aspirated probe for the measurement of stagnation quantities in high temperature gases
    Journal of Turbomachinery-transactions of The Asme, 2011
    Co-Authors: Michela Massini, Robert J Miller, Howard P. Hodson
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the design, manufacture, and testing of a new probe for the measurement of temperature and pressure in engine environments. The probe consists of a choked nozzle located in the Flow and a system downstream including a cooler, a Flow Measuring Device, and a valve. It operates in two modes: In the first mode the valve is open, the probe is aspirated, and the nozzle is choked. The mass Flow through the probe is measured using instrumentation placed downstream of the cooler, so that it does not have contact with the hot Flow. In the second mode, the valve is closed, and the stagnation pressure is measured using the same instrumentation downstream the cooler. The total temperature is computed as a derived variable from the measurements of stagnation pressure and mass Flow rate. There are a number of advantages of the probe over existing methods of temperature measurement. The measurement inaccuracy due to conduction and radiation errors and calibration drift found in thermocouples is significantly reduced; it can measure both stagnation temperature and pressure, halving the instrumentation costs; it has no wiring or transducer in the sensor head; the system can self-calibrate while located within an engine. This paper describes the design of a probe for use in engine environments. The probe prototype is tested up to 900 K and is shown to have an accuracy of ±6 K.

  • a new intermittent aspirated probe for the measurement of stagnation quantities in high temperature gases
    Volume 2: Controls Diagnostics and Instrumentation; Cycle Innovations; Electric Power, 2008
    Co-Authors: Michela Massini, Robert J Miller, Howard P. Hodson
    Abstract:

    This paper presents the design, manufacture and testing of a new probe for the measurement of temperature and pressure in engine environments. The probe consists of a choked nozzle located in the Flow and a system downstream including a cooler, a Flow Measuring Device and a valve. It operates in two modes: in the first mode the valve is open, the probe is aspirated and the nozzle is choked. The mass Flow through the probe is measured using instrumentation placed downstream of the cooler, so that it does not have contact with the hot Flow. In the second mode the valve is closed and the stagnation pressure measured using the same instrumentation downstream the cooler. The total temperature is computed as a derived variable from the measurements of stagnation pressure and mass Flow rate. There are a number of advantages of the probe over existing methods of temperature measurement. The measurement inaccuracy due to conduction and radiation errors and calibration drift found in thermocouples is significantly reduced; it can measure both stagnation temperature and pressure, halving the instrumentation costs; it has no wiring or transducer in the sensor head; the system can self-calibrate while located within an engine. The paper describes the design of a probe for use in engine environments. The probe prototype is tested up to 900K and shown to have an accuracy of ±6K.Copyright © 2008 by ASME

Jack Liborio Ferracane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • real time measurement of dentinal fluid Flow during amalgam and composite restoration
    Journal of Dentistry, 2010
    Co-Authors: Jack Liborio Ferracane
    Abstract:

    Summary Objectives This study examined changes in the dentinal fluid Flow (DFF) during restorative procedures and compared permeability after restoration among restorative materials and adhesives. Methods A class 1 cavity was prepared and restored with either amalgam (Bestaloy), or composite (Z-250) with one of two etch-and-rinse adhesives (Scotchbond MultiPurpose: MP and Single Bond 2: SB) or one of two self-etch adhesives (Clearfil SE Bond: CE and Easy Bond: EB) on an extracted human third molar which was connected to a sub-nanoliter fluid Flow Measuring Device (NFMD) under 20 cm water pressure. DFF was measured from the intact tooth state through the restoration procedures to 30 min after restoration, and re-measured at 3 and 7 days post-restoration. Results Inward Flow during cavity preparation was followed by outward Flow after preparation. In amalgam restoration, the outward Flow changed into an inward Flow during amalgam filling, which was followed by a slight outward Flow after finishing. In composite restoration, MP and SB showed an inward Flow and outward Flow for the rinsing and drying steps, respectively. Application of a hydrophobic bonding resin in the MP and CE systems caused a decrease in the Flow rate. Air-drying of solvent for the CE and EB systems caused a sudden outward Flow, whereas light-curing of the adhesive and composite caused an abrupt inward Flow. Conclusions Each restorative step clearly changed the direction and the rate of the DFF during restoration, which could be well identified with NFMD.