The Experts below are selected from a list of 165 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Shahab Sokhansanj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characterization of wheat straw particle size distributions as affected by knife mill operating factors
    Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Nehru Chevanan, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Knowing the effect of mill operating factors on biomass size reduction would be useful for predicting or adjusting particle size distributions that affect supply chain efficiency and biomass-to-fuel conversion processes. Wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) particle size distributions generated by a knife mill were determined for integral classifying screen sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating frequencies from 4.17 to 8.33 Hz, and mass input rates from 2 to 9 kg min−1. Particle distributions were obtained with standardized sieves for Forage Analysis that included horizontal sieving motion with machined-aluminum sieves of thickness proportional to sieve opening dimensions to reduce inadvertent particle spearing through sieve openings. Several analytical descriptors were examined to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions. Screen size and feed rate directly influenced particle size, whereas operating frequency had a weak indirect relation with particle size. The Rosin-Rammler equation adequately fit the knife-milled wheat straw particle size distribution data (R2 > 0.982). Mass relative span was >1, which indicated a wide distribution of particle sizes. Uniformity coefficient was

  • Mathematical model parameters for describing the particle size spectra of knife-milled corn stover
    Biosystems Engineering, 2009
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Particle size distributions of Corn stover (Zea mays L.) created by a knife mill were determined using integral classifying screens with sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating at speeds from 250 to 500 rpm, and mass input rates ranging from 1 to 9 kg min_1. Particle distributions were classified using American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) standardised sieves for Forage Analysis that incorporated a horizontal sieving motion. The sieves were made from machined-aluminium with their thickness proportional to the sieve opening dimensions. A wide range of analytical descriptors that could be used to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions were examined. The correlation coefficients between geometric mean length and screen size, feed rate, and speed were 0.980, 0.612, and _0.027, respectively. Screen size and feed rate directly influenced particle size, whereas operating speed had a weak indirect relation with particle size. The Rosin Rammler equation fitted the chopped corn stover size distribution data with coefficient of determination (R2) > 0.978. This indicated that particle size distribution of corn stover was well-fit by the Rosin Rammler function. This can be attributed to the fact that Rosin Rammler expression was well suited to the skewedmore » distribution of particle sizes. Skewed distributions occurred when significant quantities of particles, either finer or coarser, existed or were removed from region of the predominant size. The mass relative span was slightly greater than 1, which indicated that it was a borderline narrow to wide distribution of particle sizes. The uniformity coefficient was

  • Knife mill operating factors effect on switchgrass particle size distributions
    Bioresource Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Nehru Chevanan, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Biomass particle size impacts handling, storage, conversion, and dust control systems. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) particle size distributions created by a knife mill were determined for integral classifying screen sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating speeds from 250 to 500 rpm, and mass input rates from 2 to 11 kg/min. Particle distributions were classified with standardized sieves for Forage Analysis that included horizontal sieving motion with machined-aluminum sieves of thickness proportional to sieve opening dimensions. Then, a wide range of analytical descriptors were examined to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions. Correlation coefficient of geometric mean length with knife mill screen size, feed rate, and speed were 0.872, 0.349, and 0.037, respectively. Hence, knife mill screen size largely determined particle size of switchgrass chop. Feed rate had an unexpected influence on particle size, though to a lesser degree than screen size. The Rosin–Rammler function fit the chopped switchgrass size distribution data with an R 2 > 0.982. Mass relative span was greater than 1,

Larry G Butler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • leucaena Forage Analysis using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1996
    Co-Authors: Robert A Wheeler, William R Chaney, K D Johnson, Larry G Butler
    Abstract:

    Abstract Leucaena is a fast growing, multipurpose tree planted in tropical regions for many uses including Forage. Leaf and leaf + stem material were collected from Leucaena species, varieties, and hybrids grown at two sites in Hawaii and in Australia. Neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude protein, in-vitro dry matter digestibility, and relative condensed tannin were determined by both laboratory and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) procedures. The objective was to evaluate the Forage quality of the Leucaena material and to determine the feasibility of using NIRS as a reliable means to determine Forage values. Considerable variation within Forage quality attributes was found among the species, varieties, and hybrids evaluated, indicating the need for careful selection of Leucaena for Forage production systems. Laboratory analyses and NIRS estimations of Forage quality attributes were highly correlated, suggesting that NIRS Analysis should be considered as an efficient tool for Leucaena Forage development programs.

Venkata S.p. Bitra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characterization of wheat straw particle size distributions as affected by knife mill operating factors
    Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Nehru Chevanan, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Knowing the effect of mill operating factors on biomass size reduction would be useful for predicting or adjusting particle size distributions that affect supply chain efficiency and biomass-to-fuel conversion processes. Wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) particle size distributions generated by a knife mill were determined for integral classifying screen sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating frequencies from 4.17 to 8.33 Hz, and mass input rates from 2 to 9 kg min−1. Particle distributions were obtained with standardized sieves for Forage Analysis that included horizontal sieving motion with machined-aluminum sieves of thickness proportional to sieve opening dimensions to reduce inadvertent particle spearing through sieve openings. Several analytical descriptors were examined to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions. Screen size and feed rate directly influenced particle size, whereas operating frequency had a weak indirect relation with particle size. The Rosin-Rammler equation adequately fit the knife-milled wheat straw particle size distribution data (R2 > 0.982). Mass relative span was >1, which indicated a wide distribution of particle sizes. Uniformity coefficient was

  • Mathematical model parameters for describing the particle size spectra of knife-milled corn stover
    Biosystems Engineering, 2009
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Particle size distributions of Corn stover (Zea mays L.) created by a knife mill were determined using integral classifying screens with sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating at speeds from 250 to 500 rpm, and mass input rates ranging from 1 to 9 kg min_1. Particle distributions were classified using American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) standardised sieves for Forage Analysis that incorporated a horizontal sieving motion. The sieves were made from machined-aluminium with their thickness proportional to the sieve opening dimensions. A wide range of analytical descriptors that could be used to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions were examined. The correlation coefficients between geometric mean length and screen size, feed rate, and speed were 0.980, 0.612, and _0.027, respectively. Screen size and feed rate directly influenced particle size, whereas operating speed had a weak indirect relation with particle size. The Rosin Rammler equation fitted the chopped corn stover size distribution data with coefficient of determination (R2) > 0.978. This indicated that particle size distribution of corn stover was well-fit by the Rosin Rammler function. This can be attributed to the fact that Rosin Rammler expression was well suited to the skewedmore » distribution of particle sizes. Skewed distributions occurred when significant quantities of particles, either finer or coarser, existed or were removed from region of the predominant size. The mass relative span was slightly greater than 1, which indicated that it was a borderline narrow to wide distribution of particle sizes. The uniformity coefficient was

  • Knife mill operating factors effect on switchgrass particle size distributions
    Bioresource Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Nehru Chevanan, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Biomass particle size impacts handling, storage, conversion, and dust control systems. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) particle size distributions created by a knife mill were determined for integral classifying screen sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating speeds from 250 to 500 rpm, and mass input rates from 2 to 11 kg/min. Particle distributions were classified with standardized sieves for Forage Analysis that included horizontal sieving motion with machined-aluminum sieves of thickness proportional to sieve opening dimensions. Then, a wide range of analytical descriptors were examined to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions. Correlation coefficient of geometric mean length with knife mill screen size, feed rate, and speed were 0.872, 0.349, and 0.037, respectively. Hence, knife mill screen size largely determined particle size of switchgrass chop. Feed rate had an unexpected influence on particle size, though to a lesser degree than screen size. The Rosin–Rammler function fit the chopped switchgrass size distribution data with an R 2 > 0.982. Mass relative span was greater than 1,

Robert A Wheeler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • leucaena Forage Analysis using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1996
    Co-Authors: Robert A Wheeler, William R Chaney, K D Johnson, Larry G Butler
    Abstract:

    Abstract Leucaena is a fast growing, multipurpose tree planted in tropical regions for many uses including Forage. Leaf and leaf + stem material were collected from Leucaena species, varieties, and hybrids grown at two sites in Hawaii and in Australia. Neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude protein, in-vitro dry matter digestibility, and relative condensed tannin were determined by both laboratory and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) procedures. The objective was to evaluate the Forage quality of the Leucaena material and to determine the feasibility of using NIRS as a reliable means to determine Forage values. Considerable variation within Forage quality attributes was found among the species, varieties, and hybrids evaluated, indicating the need for careful selection of Leucaena for Forage production systems. Laboratory analyses and NIRS estimations of Forage quality attributes were highly correlated, suggesting that NIRS Analysis should be considered as an efficient tool for Leucaena Forage development programs.

Alvin R. Womac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characterization of wheat straw particle size distributions as affected by knife mill operating factors
    Biomass & Bioenergy, 2011
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Nehru Chevanan, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Knowing the effect of mill operating factors on biomass size reduction would be useful for predicting or adjusting particle size distributions that affect supply chain efficiency and biomass-to-fuel conversion processes. Wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) particle size distributions generated by a knife mill were determined for integral classifying screen sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating frequencies from 4.17 to 8.33 Hz, and mass input rates from 2 to 9 kg min−1. Particle distributions were obtained with standardized sieves for Forage Analysis that included horizontal sieving motion with machined-aluminum sieves of thickness proportional to sieve opening dimensions to reduce inadvertent particle spearing through sieve openings. Several analytical descriptors were examined to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions. Screen size and feed rate directly influenced particle size, whereas operating frequency had a weak indirect relation with particle size. The Rosin-Rammler equation adequately fit the knife-milled wheat straw particle size distribution data (R2 > 0.982). Mass relative span was >1, which indicated a wide distribution of particle sizes. Uniformity coefficient was

  • Mathematical model parameters for describing the particle size spectra of knife-milled corn stover
    Biosystems Engineering, 2009
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Particle size distributions of Corn stover (Zea mays L.) created by a knife mill were determined using integral classifying screens with sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating at speeds from 250 to 500 rpm, and mass input rates ranging from 1 to 9 kg min_1. Particle distributions were classified using American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) standardised sieves for Forage Analysis that incorporated a horizontal sieving motion. The sieves were made from machined-aluminium with their thickness proportional to the sieve opening dimensions. A wide range of analytical descriptors that could be used to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions were examined. The correlation coefficients between geometric mean length and screen size, feed rate, and speed were 0.980, 0.612, and _0.027, respectively. Screen size and feed rate directly influenced particle size, whereas operating speed had a weak indirect relation with particle size. The Rosin Rammler equation fitted the chopped corn stover size distribution data with coefficient of determination (R2) > 0.978. This indicated that particle size distribution of corn stover was well-fit by the Rosin Rammler function. This can be attributed to the fact that Rosin Rammler expression was well suited to the skewedmore » distribution of particle sizes. Skewed distributions occurred when significant quantities of particles, either finer or coarser, existed or were removed from region of the predominant size. The mass relative span was slightly greater than 1, which indicated that it was a borderline narrow to wide distribution of particle sizes. The uniformity coefficient was

  • Knife mill operating factors effect on switchgrass particle size distributions
    Bioresource Technology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Venkata S.p. Bitra, Alvin R. Womac, Yuechuan T. Yang, C. Igathinathane, Nehru Chevanan, Shahab Sokhansanj
    Abstract:

    Biomass particle size impacts handling, storage, conversion, and dust control systems. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) particle size distributions created by a knife mill were determined for integral classifying screen sizes from 12.7 to 50.8 mm, operating speeds from 250 to 500 rpm, and mass input rates from 2 to 11 kg/min. Particle distributions were classified with standardized sieves for Forage Analysis that included horizontal sieving motion with machined-aluminum sieves of thickness proportional to sieve opening dimensions. Then, a wide range of analytical descriptors were examined to mathematically represent the range of particle sizes in the distributions. Correlation coefficient of geometric mean length with knife mill screen size, feed rate, and speed were 0.872, 0.349, and 0.037, respectively. Hence, knife mill screen size largely determined particle size of switchgrass chop. Feed rate had an unexpected influence on particle size, though to a lesser degree than screen size. The Rosin–Rammler function fit the chopped switchgrass size distribution data with an R 2 > 0.982. Mass relative span was greater than 1,