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Xinlin Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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short term numerosity training promotes symbolic arithmetic in children with developmental dyscalculia the mediating role of visual Form Perception
Developmental Science, 2020Co-Authors: Chuansheng Chen, Jiaxin Cui, Jieying Zeng, Dazhi Cheng, Qing Xiao, Qian Chen, Xinlin ZhouAbstract:Studies have shown that numerosity-based arithmetic training can promote arithmetic learning in typically developing children as well as children with developmental dyscalculia (DD), but the cognitive mechanism underlying this training effect remains unclear. The main aim of the current study was to examine the role of visual Form Perception in arithmetic improvement through an 8-day numerosity training for DD children. Eighty DD children were selected from four Chinese primary schools. They were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received training on an apple-collecting game, whereas the control group received an English dictation task. Children's cognitive and arithmetic perFormances were assessed before and after training. The results showed that the intervention group showed a significant improvement in arithmetic perFormance, approximate number system (ANS) acuity, and visual Form Perception, but not in spatial processing and sentence comprehension. The control group showed no significant improvement in any cognitive ability. Mediation analysis further showed that training-related improvement in arithmetic perFormance was fully mediated by the improvement in visual Form Perception. The results suggest that short-term numerosity training enhances the arithmetic perFormance of DD children by improving their visual Form Perception.
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visual Form Perception is fundamental for both reading comprehension and arithmetic computation
Cognition, 2019Co-Authors: Jiaxin Cui, Xinlin Zhou, Yiyun Zhang, Chuansheng Chen, Sirui Wan, Jieying ZengAbstract:Visual Perception has been found to be a critical factor for reading comprehension and arithmetic computation in separate lines of research with different measures of visual Form Perception. The current study of 1099 Chinese elementary school students investigated whether the same visual Form Perception (assessed by a geometric figure matching task) underlies both reading comprehension and arithmetic computation. The results showed that visual Form Perception had close relations with both reading comprehension and arithmetic computation, even after controlling for age, gender, and cognitive factors such as processing speed, attention, working memory, visuo-spatial processing, and general intelligence. Results also showed that numerosity comparison's relations with reading comprehension and arithmetic computation were fully accounted for by visual Form Perception. These results suggest that reading comprehension and arithmetic computation might share a similar visual Form processing mechanism.
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Visual Form Perception supports approximate number system acuity and arithmetic fluency
Learning and Individual Differences, 2019Co-Authors: Yiyun Zhang, Tianjiao Liu, Chuansheng Chen, Xinlin ZhouAbstract:Abstract Research has shown an association between understanding of the approximate number system (ANS) and mathematical achievement, however, the mechanism of the association remains unresolved. This study was conducted to test whether visuospatial tasks (typically based on visual Form Perception) may account for the association. A total of 271 children around 10 years of age were recruited from three primary schools in Beijing, China. The children were administered eight tasks to assess their visuospatial processing and arithmetic fluency, as well as their processing speed and nonverbal intelligence as cognitive covariates. Visual Form Perception scores were measured by a figure matching task and a visual short-term memory task and fully accounted for the correlation between ANS acuity and arithmetic fluency. Spatial processing scores as measured by a spatial short-term memory task and a mental rotation task were not significant in the correlation. The results suggest that visual Form Perception is the cognitive mechanism explaining the association between ANS acuity and arithmetic fluency. Only visuospatial processes that rely on visual Form Perception promote ANS and arithmetic fluency.
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visual Form Perception can be a cognitive correlate of lower level math categories for teenagers
Frontiers in Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Jiaxin Cui, Xinlin Zhou, Yiyun Zhang, Dazhi ChengAbstract:Numerous studies have assessed the cognitive correlates of perFormance in mathematics, but little research has been conducted to systematically examine the relations between visual Perception as the starting point of visuospatial processing and typical mathematical perFormance. In the current study, we recruited 223 seventh graders to perForm a visual Form Perception task (figure matching), numerosity comparison, digit comparison, exact computation, approximate computation, and curriculum-based mathematical achievement tests. Results showed that, after controlling for gender, age, and five general cognitive processes (choice reaction time, visual tracing, mental rotation, spatial working memory, and non-verbal matrices reasoning), visual Form Perception had unique contributions to numerosity comparison, digit comparison, and exact computation, but had no significant relation with approximate computation or curriculum-based mathematical achievement. These results suggest that visual Form Perception is an important independent cognitive correlate of lower level math categories, including the approximate number system, digit comparison, and exact computation.
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visual Form Perception supports the approximate number system and mathematical fluency
2017Co-Authors: Yiyun Zhang, Xinlin ZhouAbstract:PURPOSE: Studies have demonstrated an association between the acuity of the approximate number system (ANS) and mathematical perFormance. A recent novel explanation of this association is the visual Form Perception hypothesis (Zhou, Wei, Zhang, Cui, & Chen [2015]. Visual Perception can account for the relation between ANS acuity and computational fluency. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1364). The current study aimed to replicate the previous findings with a new sample and, more importantly, to investigate whether other visuospatial processing (i.e., visual short-term memory, spatial short-term memory and mental rotation) could also account for the association. METHODS: 271 children with average ages of 9.9 years were recruited from three primary schools in Beijing, China. They were administered eight tasks to assess visuospatial processing and mathematical fluency as well as processing speed and nonverbal intelligence as cognitive covariates. RESULTS: Results replicated the previous finding that ANS acuity measured with numerosity comparison test was correlated with mathematical fluency, and the relation was interpreted by visual Form Perception measured with figure matching test. Moreover, the current investigation found that visual short-term memory rather than the other two visuospatial processing including spatial short-term memory and mental rotation also can explain the association between ANS acuity and mathematical fluency. CONCLUSIONS: Visual Form Perception is the shared mechanism of ANS acuity and mathematical fluency. Other visuospatial processing which involved much visual Form Perception could also account for the association between ANS acuity and mathematical fluency
Kerstin Hellgren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developmental trajectories of global motion and global Form Perception from 4 years to adulthood
Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2021Co-Authors: Mariagrazia Benassi, Sara Giovagnoli, Tony Pansell, Luca Mandolesi, Roberto Bolzani, Sara Magri, Lea Forsman, Kerstin HellgrenAbstract:Abstract Literature on the development of global motion and global Form Perception demonstrated their asynchronous developmental trajectories. However, Former studies have failed to clearly establish the critical period of maturation for these specific abilities. This study aimed to analyze the developmental trajectories of global motion and global Form discrimination abilities by controlling for basic visual functions and general cognitive ability and to present the global motion and global Form normative scores. A sample of 456 children and adolescents (4–17 years of age) and 76 adults recruited from the Italian and Swedish general population participated in the study. Motion and Form Perception were evaluated by the motion coherence test and Form coherence test, respectively. Raven’s matrices were used to assess general cognitive ability, the Lea Hyvarinen chart test was used for full- and low-contrast visual acuity, and the TNO test was used for stereopsis. General cognitive ability and basic visual functions were strongly related to motion and Form Perception development. Global motion Perception had an accelerated maturation compared with global Form Perception. For motion Perception, an analysis of the oblique effect’s development showed that it is present at 4 years of age. The standardized scores of global motion and Form coherence tests can be used for clinical purposes.
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motion Perception and Form discrimination in extremely preterm school aged children
Child Development, 2018Co-Authors: Mariagrazia Benassi, Sara Giovagnoli, Roberto Bolzani, Lea Forsman, Kerstin Hellgren, Ulrika Aden, Lena JacobsonAbstract:This population-based study evaluated motion and Form Perception in 71 children born extreme premature (EPT; < 27 gestational weeks), aged 6.5 years, as compared to a matched group of 79 control children born at term. Motion and Form Perception were evaluated by motion coherence and Form coherence tests. The EPT group showed a poorer perFormance on both tasks as compared to the control group. However, after controlling for IQ and visual acuity, the EPT group showed only a significant deficit in motion Perception. No association was found between motion Perception accuracy and gestational age, previous retinopathy of prematurity, or previous intraventricular hemorrhage in the EPT group. The results highlight the long-term motion Perception deficits in children born EPT.
K Sathian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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short term visual deprivation alters neural processing of tactile Form
Experimental Brain Research, 2005Co-Authors: Valerie D Weisser, Randall Stilla, Scott Peltier, Xiaoping Hu, K SathianAbstract:Blindness is known to alter the responsiveness of visual cortex. Recently, reversible visual deprivation by blindfolding has been shown to affect non-visual abilities as well as visual cortical function. Here we investigated the effect of 2 h of blindfolding on cerebral cortical activation patterns during tactile Form Perception, using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Two Form tasks were used, one requiring discrimination of global stimulus Form and the other, detection of a gap in a bar. Blindfolded subjects showed significant deactivation during these tasks in regions that are intermediate in the hierarchy of visual shape processing: probable V3A and ventral intraparietal sulcus (vIPS). These regions lacked signal changes in controls. There were also task-specific increases in activation in blindfolded relative to control subjects, favoring the Form over the gap task, along the IPS and in regions of frontal and temporal cortex. We also found alterations of functional connectivity that corresponded to the activity differences, with the emergence of correlated activity between the vIPS and V3A in blindfolded subjects. We conclude that blindfolding sighted individuals for a 2-h period induces significant changes in the neural processing of tactile Form, probably reflecting short-term neural plasticity.
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neural networks active during tactile Form Perception common and differential activity during macrospatial and microspatial tasks
International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2003Co-Authors: Mark Stoesz, Valerie D Weisser, Minming Zhang, S C Prather, Hui Mao, K SathianAbstract:Prior studies have shown that tactile Perception recruits activity not only in somatosensory but also in visual cortical areas. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the distribution of neural activity during tactile Perception of 2D Form. In a macrospatial Form task, raised letters (uppercase T and V) were presented upside-down. In a microspatial Form task, a bar, either with or without a gap, was presented. Stimuli were applied to the immobilized right index fingerpad. Six neurologically normal volunteers were studied in a block design paradigm, with alternating blocks of rest and covert discrimination between the two alternatives for a task. Each task was studied in a separate run. Contrasting macrospatial Form discrimination against rest revealed activity in an extensive, bilateral network of cortical and subcortical regions, including areas of somatosensory cortex and the intraparietal sulcus (IPS), occipito-temporal cortex, dorsal and ventral premotor cortex, medial superior frontal cortex, lateral inferior frontal cortex, thalamus and cerebellar hemispheres. Contrasting (microspatial) gap detection against rest showed activity in a similar network, with the notable exception of the occipito-temporal cortical regions. A direct contrast between the two tasks yielded greater activity for the macrospatial than microspatial task in these occipito-temporal regions bilaterally, and also in foci near the right IPS and in the right cerebellar hemisphere. The occipito-temporal cortical activations were in the lateral occipital complex, a part of the ventral visual pathway active during visual Form Perception. Thus, macrospatial Form Perception preferentially recruits this region of extrastriate visual cortex, compared to microspatial Form Perception.
Jiaxin Cui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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short term numerosity training promotes symbolic arithmetic in children with developmental dyscalculia the mediating role of visual Form Perception
Developmental Science, 2020Co-Authors: Chuansheng Chen, Jiaxin Cui, Jieying Zeng, Dazhi Cheng, Qing Xiao, Qian Chen, Xinlin ZhouAbstract:Studies have shown that numerosity-based arithmetic training can promote arithmetic learning in typically developing children as well as children with developmental dyscalculia (DD), but the cognitive mechanism underlying this training effect remains unclear. The main aim of the current study was to examine the role of visual Form Perception in arithmetic improvement through an 8-day numerosity training for DD children. Eighty DD children were selected from four Chinese primary schools. They were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received training on an apple-collecting game, whereas the control group received an English dictation task. Children's cognitive and arithmetic perFormances were assessed before and after training. The results showed that the intervention group showed a significant improvement in arithmetic perFormance, approximate number system (ANS) acuity, and visual Form Perception, but not in spatial processing and sentence comprehension. The control group showed no significant improvement in any cognitive ability. Mediation analysis further showed that training-related improvement in arithmetic perFormance was fully mediated by the improvement in visual Form Perception. The results suggest that short-term numerosity training enhances the arithmetic perFormance of DD children by improving their visual Form Perception.
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visual Form Perception is fundamental for both reading comprehension and arithmetic computation
Cognition, 2019Co-Authors: Jiaxin Cui, Xinlin Zhou, Yiyun Zhang, Chuansheng Chen, Sirui Wan, Jieying ZengAbstract:Visual Perception has been found to be a critical factor for reading comprehension and arithmetic computation in separate lines of research with different measures of visual Form Perception. The current study of 1099 Chinese elementary school students investigated whether the same visual Form Perception (assessed by a geometric figure matching task) underlies both reading comprehension and arithmetic computation. The results showed that visual Form Perception had close relations with both reading comprehension and arithmetic computation, even after controlling for age, gender, and cognitive factors such as processing speed, attention, working memory, visuo-spatial processing, and general intelligence. Results also showed that numerosity comparison's relations with reading comprehension and arithmetic computation were fully accounted for by visual Form Perception. These results suggest that reading comprehension and arithmetic computation might share a similar visual Form processing mechanism.
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visual Form Perception can be a cognitive correlate of lower level math categories for teenagers
Frontiers in Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Jiaxin Cui, Xinlin Zhou, Yiyun Zhang, Dazhi ChengAbstract:Numerous studies have assessed the cognitive correlates of perFormance in mathematics, but little research has been conducted to systematically examine the relations between visual Perception as the starting point of visuospatial processing and typical mathematical perFormance. In the current study, we recruited 223 seventh graders to perForm a visual Form Perception task (figure matching), numerosity comparison, digit comparison, exact computation, approximate computation, and curriculum-based mathematical achievement tests. Results showed that, after controlling for gender, age, and five general cognitive processes (choice reaction time, visual tracing, mental rotation, spatial working memory, and non-verbal matrices reasoning), visual Form Perception had unique contributions to numerosity comparison, digit comparison, and exact computation, but had no significant relation with approximate computation or curriculum-based mathematical achievement. These results suggest that visual Form Perception is an important independent cognitive correlate of lower level math categories, including the approximate number system, digit comparison, and exact computation.
Mariagrazia Benassi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developmental trajectories of global motion and global Form Perception from 4 years to adulthood
Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2021Co-Authors: Mariagrazia Benassi, Sara Giovagnoli, Tony Pansell, Luca Mandolesi, Roberto Bolzani, Sara Magri, Lea Forsman, Kerstin HellgrenAbstract:Abstract Literature on the development of global motion and global Form Perception demonstrated their asynchronous developmental trajectories. However, Former studies have failed to clearly establish the critical period of maturation for these specific abilities. This study aimed to analyze the developmental trajectories of global motion and global Form discrimination abilities by controlling for basic visual functions and general cognitive ability and to present the global motion and global Form normative scores. A sample of 456 children and adolescents (4–17 years of age) and 76 adults recruited from the Italian and Swedish general population participated in the study. Motion and Form Perception were evaluated by the motion coherence test and Form coherence test, respectively. Raven’s matrices were used to assess general cognitive ability, the Lea Hyvarinen chart test was used for full- and low-contrast visual acuity, and the TNO test was used for stereopsis. General cognitive ability and basic visual functions were strongly related to motion and Form Perception development. Global motion Perception had an accelerated maturation compared with global Form Perception. For motion Perception, an analysis of the oblique effect’s development showed that it is present at 4 years of age. The standardized scores of global motion and Form coherence tests can be used for clinical purposes.
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motion Perception and Form discrimination in extremely preterm school aged children
Child Development, 2018Co-Authors: Mariagrazia Benassi, Sara Giovagnoli, Roberto Bolzani, Lea Forsman, Kerstin Hellgren, Ulrika Aden, Lena JacobsonAbstract:This population-based study evaluated motion and Form Perception in 71 children born extreme premature (EPT; < 27 gestational weeks), aged 6.5 years, as compared to a matched group of 79 control children born at term. Motion and Form Perception were evaluated by motion coherence and Form coherence tests. The EPT group showed a poorer perFormance on both tasks as compared to the control group. However, after controlling for IQ and visual acuity, the EPT group showed only a significant deficit in motion Perception. No association was found between motion Perception accuracy and gestational age, previous retinopathy of prematurity, or previous intraventricular hemorrhage in the EPT group. The results highlight the long-term motion Perception deficits in children born EPT.
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Motion Perception and Form discrimination in psychiatric patients.
2018Co-Authors: Mariagrazia Benassi, Sara Giovagnoli, Federica Ambrosini, Roberta Raggini, Patriziarosa Sant'angelo, Giovanni De Paoli, Claudio Ravani, Giovanni PiracciniAbstract:Former studies have suggested that schizophrenia and bipolar disorders (BPD) are associated with a deficiency in the magnocellular visual system. Nevertheless, these findings are still controversial. The aim of the present study is to analyze whether visual processing is affected in schizophrenia, BPD, and depression patients and to investigate whether these deficits are associated with symptoms severity, neuropsychological function and eye movements. Thirty psychiatric inpatients, with diagnoses of Schizophrenia, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder participated in the study. Symptoms severity was measured with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scales. Accuracy in motion and Form Perception was evaluated by motion and Form coherence tests respectively. Smooth pursuit eye movements were measured with Eye Tribe infrared video-oculography system. Data were analyzed off-line to calculate gain, delay and maximum speed. The general cognitive abilities were tested by Raven's Matrices. Stroop Test and Attentive Matrix were used to assess attention and Digit Span Test for memory. Executive functions were evaluated using Tower of London test and a modified version of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. All the scores were standardized according to age and gender. No significant differences emerged between psychiatric diagnostic groups concerning motion and Form Perception and eye movements parameters. When compared to the control group, patients showed impaired visual Perception and higher delay and lower gain values. Linear regression analysis showed that motion Perception perFormances were related significantly to general cognitive abilities, attention ability, executive functions and ocular motility and did not depend to symptoms severity. Form recognition was only related to executive functions. These preliminary findings confirm the hypothesis that visual Perception deficits in psychiatric patients are related to cognitive impairment and oculomotor defects