The Experts below are selected from a list of 4008 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hamutal Kreiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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applying fuzzy trace theory to attribute Framing Bias gist and verbatim representations of quantitative information
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Eyal Gamliel, Hamutal KreinerAbstract:Attribute-Framing Bias reflects people's tendency to evaluate positively framed objects more favorably than the same objects framed negatively. Most theoretical accounts of this Bias emphasized the role of positive- and negative-Framing valence in the message, disregarding the quantitative information that typically accompanies it. To examine the role of both Framing valence and detailed quantitative information in attribute-Framing Bias, we applied the distinction between gist and verbatim representations, as proposed by fuzzy-trace theory. We hypothesized that gist representations retain the Framing valence used in the scenario, consequently eliciting Biased positive or negative evaluations, whereas verbatim representations retain detailed quantitative information that allows for fine-tuning of the evaluations reflective of the magnitude of the target attribute. In 2 experiments, we compared precise presentations of different magnitudes using percentages and pie charts with vague presentations using verbal descriptions. A substantial attribute-Framing Bias was found for both the precise and vague presentation conditions, consistent with the hypothesis that the Framing Bias is driven by coarse and imprecise gist representation. Critically, however, the findings reveal higher correlations between evaluations and the magnitude of the target attribute in the precise presentation conditions (percentages and pie charts) compared with the vague verbal presentation. This finding suggests a process of fine-tuning of the evaluations when a detailed verbatim representation of the quantitative information is available. We discuss the findings in view of the distinction between gist and verbatim representations and propose future research to examine similar cognitive mechanisms accounting for Biases in judgment and decision making. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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is a picture worth a thousand words the interaction of visual display and attribute representation in attenuating Framing Bias
Judgment and Decision Making, 2013Co-Authors: Eyal Gamliel, Hamutal KreinerAbstract:The attribute Framing Bias is a well-established phenomenon, in which an object or an event is evaluated more favorably when presented in a positive frame such as “the half full glass” than when presented in the complementary negative Framing. Given that previous research showed that visual aids can attenuate this Bias, the current research explores the factors underlying the attenuating effect of visual aids. In a series of three experiments, we examined how attribute Framing Bias is affected by two factors: (a) The display mode—verbal versus visual; and (b) the representation of the critical attribute—whether one outcome, either the positive or the negative, is represented or both outcomes are represented. In Experiment 1 a marginal attenuation of attribute Framing Bias was obtained when verbal description of either positive or negative information was accompanied by corresponding visual representation. In Experiment 2 similar marginal attenuation was obtained when both positive and negative outcomes were verbally represented. In Experiment 3, where the verbal description represented both positive and negative outcomes, significant attenuation was obtained when it was accompanied by a visual display that represented a single outcome, and complete attenuation, totally eliminating the Framing Bias, was obtained when it was accompanied by a visual display that represented both outcomes. Thus, our findings showed that interaction between the display mode and the representation of the critical attribute attenuated the Framing Bias. Theoretical and practical implications of the interaction between verbal description, visual aids and representation of the critical attribute are discussed, and future research is suggested.
Eyal Gamliel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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applying fuzzy trace theory to attribute Framing Bias gist and verbatim representations of quantitative information
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 2020Co-Authors: Eyal Gamliel, Hamutal KreinerAbstract:Attribute-Framing Bias reflects people's tendency to evaluate positively framed objects more favorably than the same objects framed negatively. Most theoretical accounts of this Bias emphasized the role of positive- and negative-Framing valence in the message, disregarding the quantitative information that typically accompanies it. To examine the role of both Framing valence and detailed quantitative information in attribute-Framing Bias, we applied the distinction between gist and verbatim representations, as proposed by fuzzy-trace theory. We hypothesized that gist representations retain the Framing valence used in the scenario, consequently eliciting Biased positive or negative evaluations, whereas verbatim representations retain detailed quantitative information that allows for fine-tuning of the evaluations reflective of the magnitude of the target attribute. In 2 experiments, we compared precise presentations of different magnitudes using percentages and pie charts with vague presentations using verbal descriptions. A substantial attribute-Framing Bias was found for both the precise and vague presentation conditions, consistent with the hypothesis that the Framing Bias is driven by coarse and imprecise gist representation. Critically, however, the findings reveal higher correlations between evaluations and the magnitude of the target attribute in the precise presentation conditions (percentages and pie charts) compared with the vague verbal presentation. This finding suggests a process of fine-tuning of the evaluations when a detailed verbatim representation of the quantitative information is available. We discuss the findings in view of the distinction between gist and verbatim representations and propose future research to examine similar cognitive mechanisms accounting for Biases in judgment and decision making. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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is a picture worth a thousand words the interaction of visual display and attribute representation in attenuating Framing Bias
Judgment and Decision Making, 2013Co-Authors: Eyal Gamliel, Hamutal KreinerAbstract:The attribute Framing Bias is a well-established phenomenon, in which an object or an event is evaluated more favorably when presented in a positive frame such as “the half full glass” than when presented in the complementary negative Framing. Given that previous research showed that visual aids can attenuate this Bias, the current research explores the factors underlying the attenuating effect of visual aids. In a series of three experiments, we examined how attribute Framing Bias is affected by two factors: (a) The display mode—verbal versus visual; and (b) the representation of the critical attribute—whether one outcome, either the positive or the negative, is represented or both outcomes are represented. In Experiment 1 a marginal attenuation of attribute Framing Bias was obtained when verbal description of either positive or negative information was accompanied by corresponding visual representation. In Experiment 2 similar marginal attenuation was obtained when both positive and negative outcomes were verbally represented. In Experiment 3, where the verbal description represented both positive and negative outcomes, significant attenuation was obtained when it was accompanied by a visual display that represented a single outcome, and complete attenuation, totally eliminating the Framing Bias, was obtained when it was accompanied by a visual display that represented both outcomes. Thus, our findings showed that interaction between the display mode and the representation of the critical attribute attenuated the Framing Bias. Theoretical and practical implications of the interaction between verbal description, visual aids and representation of the critical attribute are discussed, and future research is suggested.
Kimberly S Wolske - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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accelerating demand for residential solar photovoltaics can simple Framing strategies increase consumer interest
Global Environmental Change-human and Policy Dimensions, 2018Co-Authors: Kimberly S Wolske, Annika Todd, Michael Rossol, James Mccall, Benjamin SigrinAbstract:Abstract Household adoption of energy-efficient and renewable energy technologies has the potential to significantly reduce emissions from electricity generation. High upfront costs, however, are often a barrier to adoption, even when costs may be offset by future energy savings. Through a series of randomized experiments, we examine whether Framing strategies grounded in behavioral economics and psychology can be used to increase the financial appeal of such products. Using mock ads for residential solar photovoltaics (PV), we test four frames: gain/loss Framing, temporal Framing, varied savings amounts, and simple vs. detailed savings calculations. Overall, we find that reFraming the financial benefits of PV does not greatly influence the appeal of solar or the likelihood to respond to the mock ads. Instead, underlying consumer motivations and predispositions (i.e., perceived social support, consumer innovativeness, and personal pro-environmental norms) are the primary factors driving interest in adopting solar. Our findings suggest that tailoring messages to targeted consumer segments may be more effective than attempts to market the financial benefits of PV to broad audiences. The results also contribute to behavioral economics and psychology research by identifying contexts under which the gain/loss Framing Bias and the present/future Framing Bias may not apply.
Caamaño-alegre María - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On Glasses Half Full or Half Empty. Understanding Framing Effects in Terms of Default Implicatures
2021Co-Authors: Caamaño-alegre MaríaAbstract:The variations in how subjects respond to positively or negatively framed descriptions of the same issue have received attention from social science research, where, nevertheless, a not fully developed understanding of speech interpretation has undermined the different explanations offered. The present paper explores the semantic-pragmatic side of Framing effects and provides an explanation of this phenomenon in terms of a combined effect of pragmatic presuppositions and default implicatures. The paper contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of representations and cognitive processes involved in the Framing Bias by showing how well-entrenched linguistic practices associated to frame choice, and conducive to an implicit focus, result in default implicatures on the addressee’s side
Ryan S Greysen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cognitive Biases influence decision making regarding postacute care in a skilled nursing facility
Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2020Co-Authors: Robert E Burke, Chelsea Leonard, Marcie Lee, Roman Ayele, Ethan Cumbler, Rebecca Allyn, Ryan S GreysenAbstract:Background Decisions about postacute care are increasingly important as the United States population ages, its use becomes increasingly common, and payment reforms target postacute care. However, little is known about how to improve these decisions. Objective To understand whether cognitive Biases play an important role in patient and clinician decision-making regarding postacute care in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) and identify the most impactful Biases. Design Secondary analysis of 105 semistructured interviews with patients, caregivers, and clinicians. Setting Three hospitals and three SNFs in a single metropolitan area. Patients Adults over age 65 discharged to SNFs after hospitalization as well as patients, caregivers, and multidisciplinary frontline clinicians in both hospital and SNF settings. Measurements We identified potential cognitive Biases from prior systematic and narrative reviews and conducted a team-based framework analysis of interview transcripts to identify potential Biases. Results Authority Bias/halo effect and Framing Bias were the most prevalent and seemed the most impactful, while default/status quo Bias and anchoring Bias were also present in decision-making about SNFs. Conclusions Cognitive Biases play an important role in decision-making about postacute care in SNFs. The combination of authority Bias/halo effect and Framing Bias may synergistically increase the likelihood of patients accepting SNFs for postacute care. As postacute care undergoes a transformation spurred by payment reforms, it is increasingly important to ensure that patients understand their choices at hospital discharge and can make high-quality decisions consistent with their goals.
