The Experts below are selected from a list of 99 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Catherine A Mateer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developmental impact of Frontal Lobe Injury in middle childhood
Brain and Cognition, 1992Co-Authors: Dennis Williams, Catherine A MateerAbstract:Executive function of Frontal Lobe systems, like intelligent behavior, appears to demonstrate two major features: it is adaptive and goal-directed. Disruption of executive function following Injury to the Frontal Lobes in childhood might be predicted to impact the trajectory of normal cognitive, behavioral, and social development. Case studies of two children injured at different ages showed the primary developmental impact to involve the behavioral and social realms. While cognitive development may be suspected to also be considerably influenced, assessment of changes in cognitive abilities by traditional psychometric means was found to be problematic. Psychometric changes were found to occur over a prolonged period of time, emphasizing the importance of documenting observations and chronicling postInjury events.
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effects of Frontal Lobe Injury in childhood
Developmental Neuropsychology, 1991Co-Authors: Catherine A Mateer, Dennis WilliamsAbstract:The impact of Frontal Lobe damage may be viewed in terms of compromise to three general areas of ability: self‐regulation, the allocation of attentional resources, and the ability to act on knowledge. These cognitive and behavioral functions are associated with major inputs to Frontal structures from specific cortical and subcortical brain regions. Case studies of four children who sustained traumatic Frontal Lobe Injury showed persistent patterns of cognitive and behavioral change marked by impaired attention, academic production deficits, irritability, distractibility, and social problems in the absence of apparent intellectual, linguistic, or perceptual compromise. Persisting deficits, interacting with growth and changes in environmental demands, compromise adaptation in home, school, and other social contexts.
Dennis Williams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developmental impact of Frontal Lobe Injury in middle childhood
Brain and Cognition, 1992Co-Authors: Dennis Williams, Catherine A MateerAbstract:Executive function of Frontal Lobe systems, like intelligent behavior, appears to demonstrate two major features: it is adaptive and goal-directed. Disruption of executive function following Injury to the Frontal Lobes in childhood might be predicted to impact the trajectory of normal cognitive, behavioral, and social development. Case studies of two children injured at different ages showed the primary developmental impact to involve the behavioral and social realms. While cognitive development may be suspected to also be considerably influenced, assessment of changes in cognitive abilities by traditional psychometric means was found to be problematic. Psychometric changes were found to occur over a prolonged period of time, emphasizing the importance of documenting observations and chronicling postInjury events.
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effects of Frontal Lobe Injury in childhood
Developmental Neuropsychology, 1991Co-Authors: Catherine A Mateer, Dennis WilliamsAbstract:The impact of Frontal Lobe damage may be viewed in terms of compromise to three general areas of ability: self‐regulation, the allocation of attentional resources, and the ability to act on knowledge. These cognitive and behavioral functions are associated with major inputs to Frontal structures from specific cortical and subcortical brain regions. Case studies of four children who sustained traumatic Frontal Lobe Injury showed persistent patterns of cognitive and behavioral change marked by impaired attention, academic production deficits, irritability, distractibility, and social problems in the absence of apparent intellectual, linguistic, or perceptual compromise. Persisting deficits, interacting with growth and changes in environmental demands, compromise adaptation in home, school, and other social contexts.
Paul J Eslinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simulation based executive cognitive assessment and rehabilitation after traumatic Frontal Lobe Injury a case report
Disability and Rehabilitation, 2008Co-Authors: Usha Satish, Siegfried Streufert, Paul J EslingerAbstract:Purpose. To investigate whether identifying specific deficits after brain Injury can lead to a more focused and potentially effective cognitive rehabilitation technology.Method. Cognitive simulation assessment was undertaken in a 47-year-old man with trauma-related preFrontal damage and persisting occupational and cognitive-behavioral difficulties at 15 months post brain Injury.Results. Results revealed significant difficulties in measured levels of activity, initiative, information utilization, response flexibility, and effective decision-making strategies which accorded well with his real-life complaints despite normal neuropsychological test scores. This profile of findings was then used to design a two-stage intervention program. The first stage focused on participant education and awareness about his simulation-based problem solving difficulties. In the second stage specific goals were formulated to improve problem solving impairments that were then the target of weekly training sessions using pertin...
Russell Schachar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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attentional inhibitory control and social behavioral regulation after childhood closed head Injury do biological developmental and recovery variables predict outcome
Journal of The International Neuropsychological Society, 2001Co-Authors: Maureen Dennis, Sharon Guger, Caroline Roncadin, Marcia A Barnes, Russell SchacharAbstract:Attentional–inhibitory control and social–behavioral regulation are two outcome domains commonly impaired after childhood closed head Injury (CHI). We compared neuropsychological tests of attentional–inhibitory control (vigilance, selective attention, response modulation) and social discourse and intentionality (inferencing, figurative language, and speech acts) with parent ratings of attention and behavioral regulation in relation to four Injury- related variables: age at CHI, time since CHI, CHI Injury severity, and Frontal Lobe Injury moderated by CHI severity. Participants were 105 school-aged children in the chronic stage of CHI, divided into mild, moderate, and severe Injury severity groups, and further subdivided according to Frontal Lobe Injury. Outcome indices were imperfectly correlated in the group as a whole, although several relations between neurocognitive tests and parent ratings were observed within CHI subgroups. Different domains of cognitive function had different predictors. For attentional–inhibitory control, age at Injury and time since Injury were most predictive of outcome; for social discourse, predictors were Injury severity and Frontal Lobe Injury moderated by Injury severity. Variability in cognitive outcome after childhood CHI is not random, but appears related to age, time, and biological features of the Injury. ( JINS , 2001, 7 , 683–692.)
K F Berman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a pet study of monozygotic twins discordant for Frontal Lobe Injury neurophysiological and cognitive sequelae
Biological Psychiatry, 1994Co-Authors: B S Kirkby, Jill L Ostrem, D R Weinberger, K F BermanAbstract:Because the Frontal Lobes are extremely susceptible to traumatic brain insuit, closed head Injury patients may serve as a useful model of Frontal Lobe damage. We had the opportunity to study with positron emission tomography (PET) a 28-year-old pair of male, college-educated monozygntic twins who had been involved in a motor vehicle accident, one of whom sustained a severe closed head Injury. A CT scan conducted early during his 2-week coma revealed bilateral Frontal Lobe damage, more severe on the right side. These circumstances afforded a unique opportunity to view with PET the long-term cognitive sequelae of his Frontal Lobe Injury and their neumphysiological concomitants against a geneticallyequated control subject. Six years after the accident, an MR! scan showed some resolution of these pathological changes but cognitive deficits remaine& At that time, we measured regional cerebral blood flow (tCBF) in both twins using the oxygen-15 water method during the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCS) and during a sensorimotor control task. Data were normalized on a pixel-by-pixel basis as a percentage of the whole brain mean. To examine patterns of rCBF activation specific to higher cognitive functions, rCBF values for the sensorimotor control task were subtracted from those for the abstract reasoning task. Regions were drawn on the twins' coplanar MRi's and applied to their respective PET data. Consistent with the pattern of tCBF activation during the WCS identified in several cohorts of normal subjects in previous studies by our lab, the uninjured twin showed activation of Brodman's areas 46 and 9 in the left and right inferior Frontal gyri with relative deactivation of the left hippocampus. Like his uninjm~l co-twin, the injured twin activated the left inferior Frontal gyms. However, the injured twin failed to activate the right inferior Frontal gyms and, instead, activated the left hippocampus, it is interesting to note that this pattern of preFrontal hypoactivity and hippocampal hyperactivity during the WCS has been shown to be associated with poor task performance in normal subjects and to be a characteristic of patients with schizophrenia. These data may help to clarify the relative contributions of the dorsolateral preFrontal cortex and the hippocampus in higher order human cognition.
