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A. C. Odebode - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variation in pathogenicity of Fusarium verticillioides and resistance of maize genotypes to Fusarium ear rot
Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 2018Co-Authors: Olumayowa Mary Olowe, Ayodele Adegboyega Sobowale, O. J. Olawuyi, A. C. OdebodeAbstract:The ineffective control measures of pathogens is due to variability among their populations. Hence, the study of pathogenic variation of Fusarium verticillioides strains on maize genotypes. Six F. ...
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Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as biocontrol agents against Fusarium verticillioides causing ear rot of Zea mays L. (Maize)
Current Plant Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Olumayowa Mary Olowe, Ayodele Adegboyega Sobowale, O. J. Olawuyi, A. C. OdebodeAbstract:Abstract The protection of plants from pathogens results to better performances in growth and yield characters. Therefore, the efficacy of Glomus clarum and G. deserticola as biocontrol agents against Fusarium verticillioides (AKR 05, ILR 06 and ERW 05) strains on maize T2L COMP.4 was investigated. Concentration 10 g (20 spores), 20 g (48 spores) and 30 g (72 spores) of Glomus clarum and G. deserticola were inoculated separately into 8 kg of soil at four weeks after planting (WAP), with a control (0 g). In addition, spore suspension (1.0 × 106 spores/mL) of Fusarium verticillioides was inoculated at 8 WAP. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The pathogenic effects of F. verticillioides on plant height and shoot weight were significantly reduced by the application of 20 g of G. clarum and 30 g of G. deserticola. Also, 10 g of both G. clarum and G. deserticola significantly enhanced the production of the husk cover, while 30 g G. clarum and G. deserticola significantly reduced the severity of maize ear rot. Therefore, 30 g G. clarum and G. deserticola had biocontrol potential against Fusarium verticillioides. Hence, they are recommended to maize producers in Fusarium endemic agro-ecological zones for optimal production.
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Evaluation of efficacy of some botanicals and bioagents against stalk and ear rot pathogen of maize, Fusarium verticillioides
African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2014Co-Authors: O. A. Akinbode, T. Ikotun, A. C. Odebode, O. A. Omoloye, A. O. And OyedeleAbstract:The efficacy of some botanicals and bio-agents were assessed in vitro as the potential biofungicides against Fusarium verticillioides, the causal organism of stalk rot disease of maize plant. The botanicals used in this study were Morinda lucida (Oruwo) and Tithonia diversifolia (Mexican Sunflower) and the bio-agents used were Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma pseudokoningii and Bacillius subtilis. All the plant extracts and antagonistic organisms significantly inhibited the growth of Fusarium verticillioides. However, out of the antagonists, T. viride provided the highest inhibitory effect followed by T. pseudokoningii, T. harzianum, and B. subtilis which was the lowest suppressive antagonist. The extract from T. diversifolia, provided the highest inhibitory effect followed by M. lucida. Key words: Maize, ear rot, botanicals, bioagents, Fusarium verticillioides.
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Persistence of Trichoderma species within maize stem against Fusarium verticillioides
Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 2007Co-Authors: A. A. Sobowale, A. C. Odebode, Kitty F. Cardwell, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay, S. G. JonathanAbstract:Abstract The ability of four Trichoderma isolates to colonize maize stem and persist therein in presence of Fusarium verticillioides were tested in the field. These were three strains of Trichoderma pseudokoningii and one strain of T. harzianum. There were three pairing methods based on the commonly used toothpick inoculation method. This ensures direct introduction of pathogen and antagonist using toothpicks dressed separately with pathogen and antagonists. Maize stems were inoculated with antagonist alone, pathogen alone and sterile toothpicks served as controls. The proportion of antagonist recovered was plotted against distance moved within maize stem. All Trichoderma isolates had endophytic growth within the maize stem in all pairing methods, giving a significant quadratic response with distance from the inoculation point. Recoveries of antagonists were slightly more in lower than upper internodes. Simultaneous inoculation of pathogen and antagonist gave the best endophytic growth of antagonists. T. ...
Gary P Munkvold - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seed transmission of Fusarium verticillioides in maize plants grown under three different temperature regimes
Plant Disease, 2007Co-Authors: A L Wilke, C R Bronson, A Tomas, Gary P MunkvoldAbstract:Wilke, A. L., Bronson, C. R., Tomas, A., and Munkvold, G. P. 2007. Seed transmission of Fusarium verticillioides in maize plants grown under three different temperature regimes. Plant Dis. 91:1109-1115. Fusarium verticillioides can be seed transmitted and cause systemic infection of maize; however, the frequency of these phenomena has varied widely among and within individual studies. In order to better understand this variability, we evaluated the effect of temperature on the first step in the systemic infection process, the transmission of F. verticillioides from seed to seedling. Seed of a commercial maize hybrid were inoculated with a strain of F. verticillioides that had been transformed with a gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP). The seed were planted in a greenhouse potting mix and incubated in growth chambers. Plants were incubated at one of three temperature regimes designed to simulate average and extreme temperatures occurring in Iowa during the weeks following planting. Root, mesocotyl, and stem tissues were sampled at growth stages V2 and V6, surface disinfested, and cultured on a semiselective medium. At V2, >90% of root and mesocotyl tissues was infected by the GFP-expressing strain at all three temperature regimes. Also at V2, infection was detected in 68 to 75% of stems. At V6, infection of root and mesocotyl tissues persisted and was detected in 97 to 100% of plants at all three temperature regimes. Plants also had symptomless systemic infection of belowground and aboveground internodes at V6. Infection of the three basal aboveground internodes was 24, 6, and 3% for the low-temperature regime; 35, 9, and 0% for the average-temperature regime; and 46, 24, and 9% for the high-temperature regime. Seed transmission and systemic infection occurred at all temperatures and did not differ significantly among treatments. These results indicate that, if maize seed is infected with F. verticillioides, seed transmission is common and symptomless systemic infection can be initiated under a broad range of temperature conditions.
Josep Guarro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Treatment of murine Fusarium verticillioides infection with liposomal amphotericin B plus terbinafine.
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2010Co-Authors: Mery Ruíz-cendoya, F. Javier Pastor, Javier Capilla, Josep GuarroAbstract:Abstract Using a murine model of disseminated infection by Fusarium verticillioides , the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin (L-AmB) B at 10 mg/kg body weight once daily and terbinafine (TRB) at 150 mg/kg body weight twice daily, alone and in combination, was evaluated. The combination of L-AmB with TRB was the only treatment able to prolong survival and to reduce fungal loads in the spleen and kidneys of mice infected with either strain of F. verticillioides used. The results suggest that this combination may have a role in the treatment of F. verticillioides infection.
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Combined therapy against murine-disseminated infection by Fusarium verticillioides.
Mycopathologia, 2010Co-Authors: Mery Ruíz-cendoya, Javier Pastor, Josep GuarroAbstract:Using a murine model of disseminated infection by two strains of Fusarium verticillioides, we have evaluated the efficacy of high doses of amphotericin B (AMB) (3 mg/kg of body weight/day), voriconazole (VRC) (60 mg/kg of body weight/day), posaconazole (PSC) (100 mg/kg of body weight/day), and the combinations of AMB plus VRC or PSC. In general, our results were very modest. Neither combination was superior to the respective monotherapies. VRC alone and in combination with AMB was able to prolong survival but not to reduce tissue burden, and AMB plus PSC was able to reduce fungal load in organs but not to prolong survival.
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In vitro antifungal susceptibility and molecular characterization of clinical isolates of Fusarium verticillioides (F. moniliforme) and Fusarium thapsinum
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2008Co-Authors: Mónica Azor, Josepa Gené, Josep Cano, Deanna A. Sutton, Annette W. Fothergill, Michael G. Rinaldi, Josep GuarroAbstract:A microdilution method was used to test 11 antifungal drugs against clinical isolates of Fusarium thapsinum and three different phylogenetic clades of Fusarium verticillioides that were characterized by sequencing a region of the β-tubulin gene. Terbinafine was the most-active drug against both species, followed by posaconazole against F. verticillioides.
Benedito Corrêa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus strain prevents the spreading of Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisins in maize.
Toxicon, 2020Co-Authors: T.a. Reis, Thiago De Jesus Oliveira, Patricia Zorzete, P. Faria, Benedito CorrêaAbstract:We evaluated Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin contamination in maize samples after application of a non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strain in the field. The sampling was performed 150 days after planting. The results showed a reduction in F. verticillioides frequency, as well as in fumonisin levels when samples were obtained from field areas treated with non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strain. These results suggested a competition for substrate or space between fungi reducing the frequency of F. verticillioides and, consequently, fumonisin production.
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Morphogenesis and growth kinetics of Fusarium verticillioides.
Mycopathologia, 2007Co-Authors: Carlos Alberto Granjo, T.a. Reis, Walderez Gambale, Benedito CorrêaAbstract:The present study aimed to analyze the growth kinetics and morphogenesis of toxigenic Fusarium verticillioides strains. Growth curves based on mycelial dry weight measured after 24, 48, and 96 h and every 4 days for a period of 60 days were obtained for each strain. The morphogenesis of this fungus was studied during its developmental stages through the fluorescent method Fluorecein Diacetate-FDA and Ethidium Bromide-EB. The growth curves of the strains usually followed a homogeneous pattern comparable to the ideal growth curve. Using the fluorescence method, non-viable cells showed a light bright red coloration and viable cells presented green fluorescence with three fluorescent patterns. The present results showed that the morphogenesis of F. verticillioides is an asynchronous process characterized by the presence of a wide variety of fungal forms until 50 days of culture. The method is very useful to demonstrate the F. verticillioides growth stages as well as the perfect differentiation between viable and non-viable cell.
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Sequence variability in the FUM1 gene of Fusarium verticillioides strains.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: Valéria N. Da Silva, Jansen De Araujo, Edison Luiz Durigon, Benedito CorrêaAbstract:Fumonisins are mycotoxins, produced mainly by Fusarium verticillioides, that are potentially carcinogenic to humans and toxic to animals. Synthesis of these toxins is directed by a cluster of 15 genes, among which FUM1 is the largest; it encodes a polyketide synthase. This enzyme probably catalyzes the synthesis of a polyketide that forms a large portion of the fumonisin structure. In this study, 27 strains possessing the FUM1 gene, as determined by polymerase chain reaction, were analyzed. A portion of the FUM1 gene was amplified and sequenced from 6 of 27 Brazilian strains isolated from corn and sorghum. The sequence similarity for the six F. verticillioides strains was almost 100%.
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Effects of gamma radiation on maize samples contaminated with Fusarium verticillioides
Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2007Co-Authors: F.l. Ferreira-castro, T.a. Reis, Simone Aquino, Ralf Greiner, Deise Helena Baggio Ribeiro, Benedito CorrêaAbstract:Abstract The efficacy of γ-irradiation as a method of decontamination of maize containing Fusarium verticillioides under controlled conditions of relative humidity (RH) (97.5%) and water activity has been studied. Maize grains inoculated with a spore suspension of F. verticillioides were irradiated to 2, 5, and 10 kGy. Thereafter, the irradiated and control samples were analyzed for the presence of fumonisins, their viable cells were counted, and their morphology was investigated by electronic microscopy. It was found possible to decrease the risk of exposure to fumonisins by irradiating maize to 5 or 10 kGy. However, at the dose of 2 kGy, the survived fungi (36%) can produce more fumonisins than the fungi in the control unirradiated samples under the same conditions.
Olumayowa Mary Olowe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variation in pathogenicity of Fusarium verticillioides and resistance of maize genotypes to Fusarium ear rot
Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 2018Co-Authors: Olumayowa Mary Olowe, Ayodele Adegboyega Sobowale, O. J. Olawuyi, A. C. OdebodeAbstract:The ineffective control measures of pathogens is due to variability among their populations. Hence, the study of pathogenic variation of Fusarium verticillioides strains on maize genotypes. Six F. ...
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Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as biocontrol agents against Fusarium verticillioides causing ear rot of Zea mays L. (Maize)
Current Plant Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Olumayowa Mary Olowe, Ayodele Adegboyega Sobowale, O. J. Olawuyi, A. C. OdebodeAbstract:Abstract The protection of plants from pathogens results to better performances in growth and yield characters. Therefore, the efficacy of Glomus clarum and G. deserticola as biocontrol agents against Fusarium verticillioides (AKR 05, ILR 06 and ERW 05) strains on maize T2L COMP.4 was investigated. Concentration 10 g (20 spores), 20 g (48 spores) and 30 g (72 spores) of Glomus clarum and G. deserticola were inoculated separately into 8 kg of soil at four weeks after planting (WAP), with a control (0 g). In addition, spore suspension (1.0 × 106 spores/mL) of Fusarium verticillioides was inoculated at 8 WAP. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The pathogenic effects of F. verticillioides on plant height and shoot weight were significantly reduced by the application of 20 g of G. clarum and 30 g of G. deserticola. Also, 10 g of both G. clarum and G. deserticola significantly enhanced the production of the husk cover, while 30 g G. clarum and G. deserticola significantly reduced the severity of maize ear rot. Therefore, 30 g G. clarum and G. deserticola had biocontrol potential against Fusarium verticillioides. Hence, they are recommended to maize producers in Fusarium endemic agro-ecological zones for optimal production.
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Molecular Variability of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) in Maize from Three Agro-Ecological Zones of Southwest Nigeria
American Journal of Molecular Biology, 2016Co-Authors: Olumayowa Mary Olowe, O. J. Olawuyi, Adeboyega Christopher Odebode, Ayodele Adegboyega SobowaleAbstract:This study investigated the characterisation of Fusarium verticillioides strains using Amplified Fragments Length Polymorphism (AFLP) EcoR1-G/Mse1-C primer combination. This was done to determine the amount of genetic variability present in F. verticillioides population. The objective of this study is to carry out molecular characterization of F. verticillioides strains from infected ear of maize. Six isolates were obtained in maize ear from 10 locations in three agro-ecological zones of Southwest Nigeria. Polymorphic bands detected were 164 from one base extension of EcoR1 and Mse1 primers in the selective amplification. Primer combination EC + MC produced the highest polymorphic bands of 58, while primer combination ET + MC had the highest percentage polymorphism (100%). Genetic similarity (67%) was observed among strains from Ibadan (IBD) (34, 36), Igbooho (IGH) (39), Ado-Ekiti (EKT) (46, 47), Saki (SAK) (52) and Igboora (IGB) (57, 58, 59 and 60). Strains 19 and 20 from Ilesha (ILH) had the highest pairwise similarity coefficient at 97% grouped in cluster II. The dendrogram delineated F. verticillioides strains into four major cluster groups with 77% similarity and other sub-groups within. Fusarium verticillioides strains could therefore be heterogeneous, and thus amplified fragment length polymorphism is an ideal tool for distinguishing the pathogenic variants of Fusarium verticillioides.
