The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Ad A.m. Masclee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Provocation of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations during continuous Gastric Distension.
    Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2002
    Co-Authors: J. W.a. Straathof, M. M. Van Veen, Ad A.m. Masclee
    Abstract:

    Background: Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) are triggered by Gastric Distension. The aim of the study was to investigate TLESRs during controlled prolonged Gastric Distensions using the barostat technique. Methods: Twelve healthy volunteers (4 M, 8 F, age range 19-42 years) were studied under fasting conditions with combined esophageal manometry (Dentsleeve) and Gastric barostat. Randomized isobaric Distensions at 0 (control), 10, 12 and 14 mmHg were performed each period for 30 min with 30-min recovery periods in between. Results: The frequency of TLESR was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher during all Distension periods compared to control periods (4.0 ± 0.4 TLESR/30 min versus 2.6 ± 0.4 TLESR/30 min). The frequency of TLESR in the first 15-min period of Distension was significantly ( P < 0.001) higher compared to the second 15-min period pointing to adaptation (2.7 ± 0.3 TLESR/15 min versus 1.3 ± 0.2 TLESR/15 min, respectively). The frequency of TLESR correlated significantly wi...

  • Provocation of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations by Gastric Distension with air
    The American journal of gastroenterology, 2001
    Co-Authors: J. W.a. Straathof, Jan Ringers, Cornelis B.h.w. Lamers, Ad A.m. Masclee
    Abstract:

    Provocation of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations by Gastric Distension with air

J. P. Galmiche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Alosetron does not affect the visceral perception of Gastric Distension in healthy subjects.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2007
    Co-Authors: Frank Zerbib, S. Bruley Des Varannes, R. C. Oriola, J. Mcdonald, J. P. Isal, J. P. Galmiche
    Abstract:

    SUMMARY Background: The effect of alosetron, a new specific 5-HT3, receptor antagonist, on the visceral perception in response to Gastric Distension was assessed in 12 healthy male subjects in a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled crossover trial Methods: Each subject was given orally either alosetron 1 mg b.d. or placebo b.d. for 6 days (wash-out period 7–28 days). At the end of each dosing period, both isobarometric and isovolumetric Gastric Distensions were performed using an electronic barostat. Results: Alosetron did not modify the Gastric wall compliance (pressure-volume relationship). Alosetron had an effect similar to placebo on the visceral perception scores in both isobarometric and isovolumetric Distensions. The mean (± SEM) thresholds for abdominal discomfort were, respectively, 16.8 ±0.7 mmHg and 825 ± 61 mL with alosetron, 16.7±0.6 mmHg and 883±45 mL with Placebo (P = NS). Conclusions: 5-HT3 receptors do not appear to be involved in the visceral perception of Gastric Distension in healthy subjects.

  • H. pylori and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations induced by Gastric Distension in healthy humans
    American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Frank Zerbib, S. Bruley Des Varannes, Valerie Bicheler, Véronique Leray, Madeleine Joubert, J. P. Galmiche
    Abstract:

    The role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the control of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) motility, especially the occurrence of transient LES relaxations (TLESRs), was studied in eight H. pylori-positive and eight H. pylori-negative healthy subjects. During endoscopy, biopsy specimens were taken from the cardia, fundus, and antrum for determinations of H. pylori status, gastritis, and proinflammatory cytokine mucosal concentrations. LES motility was monitored during three different 30-min periods: baseline, Gastric Distension (barostat), and Gastric Distension with CCK infusion. Gastric Distension significantly increased the TLESR rate, whereas CCK increased the rate of Distension-induced TLESRs further and reduced resting LES pressure without significant differences between infected and noninfected subjects. H. pylori status did not influence resting LES pressure or Gastric compliance. Cytokine mucosal concentrations were increased in infected patients, but no correlation was found with the TLESR rate, which was also independent of inflammation at the cardia, fundus, and antrum. These results suggest that H. pylori-associated inflammation does not affect the motor events involved in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux.

J. W.a. Straathof - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Provocation of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations during continuous Gastric Distension.
    Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2002
    Co-Authors: J. W.a. Straathof, M. M. Van Veen, Ad A.m. Masclee
    Abstract:

    Background: Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) are triggered by Gastric Distension. The aim of the study was to investigate TLESRs during controlled prolonged Gastric Distensions using the barostat technique. Methods: Twelve healthy volunteers (4 M, 8 F, age range 19-42 years) were studied under fasting conditions with combined esophageal manometry (Dentsleeve) and Gastric barostat. Randomized isobaric Distensions at 0 (control), 10, 12 and 14 mmHg were performed each period for 30 min with 30-min recovery periods in between. Results: The frequency of TLESR was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher during all Distension periods compared to control periods (4.0 ± 0.4 TLESR/30 min versus 2.6 ± 0.4 TLESR/30 min). The frequency of TLESR in the first 15-min period of Distension was significantly ( P < 0.001) higher compared to the second 15-min period pointing to adaptation (2.7 ± 0.3 TLESR/15 min versus 1.3 ± 0.2 TLESR/15 min, respectively). The frequency of TLESR correlated significantly wi...

  • Provocation of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations by Gastric Distension with air
    The American journal of gastroenterology, 2001
    Co-Authors: J. W.a. Straathof, Jan Ringers, Cornelis B.h.w. Lamers, Ad A.m. Masclee
    Abstract:

    Provocation of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations by Gastric Distension with air

Gnj Tytgat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Involvement of cholecystokininA receptors in transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations triggered by Gastric Distension.
    The American journal of gastroenterology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Guy Boeckxstaens, Richard H. Holloway, David P. Hirsch, N. Fakhry, Massimo D'amato, Gnj Tytgat
    Abstract:

    Involvement of cholecystokinin A receptors in transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations triggered by Gastric Distension

  • Twenty-four-hour pH measurements in morbid obesity: effects of massive overweight, weight loss and Gastric Distension.
    European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 1996
    Co-Authors: L. M. H. Mathus-vliegen, Gnj Tytgat
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of untreated (super)morbid obesity and the effects of massive weight loss and chronic Gastric Distension on gastro-oesophageal reflux. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventeen young morbidly obese patients (32 years old; body weight 166.5 kg; body mass index 55 kg/m2) underwent 24-h ambulatory oesophageal pH monitoring before weight reduction and 4 months after treatment with energy-restricted diet, physical exercise and intraGastric balloon or sham placement in a randomized, double-blind design. To minimize bias, both 24-h pH measurements were performed under similar conditions and dietary intake, and patients were matched for age, sex, body weight and body mass index. RESULTS At the start, group median data for the fraction of total time, time upright and time supine with pH less than 4 were within normal limits. After a major median weight loss of 38.8 kg in 4 months these parameters did not change. On an individual basis, five out of 17 patients had pathological acid reflux prior to weight loss. This reversed to normal in three subjects, but remained abnormal in two and became abnormal in one patient. The weight loss (58.4 kg) of those remaining or becoming acid refluxers was significantly different (P < 0.01) from those with normal or normalizing pH measurements (36.9 kg). A 4-month period of Gastric Distension by a 500 ml balloon did not influence acid reflux parameters. CONCLUSION The influence of untreated (super)morbid obesity on acid reflux was less pronounced than expected. There was also no major adverse effect of chronic Gastric Distension. Only excessive weight loss (i.e. 58 kg) appeared to have an untoward effect on acid reflux.

Jiande D.z. Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • excitatory effects of Gastric electrical stimulation on Gastric Distension responsive neurons in ventromedial hypothalamus vmh in rats
    Neuroscience Research, 2006
    Co-Authors: Xiangrong Sun, Ming Tang, Jing Zhang, Jiande D.z. Chen
    Abstract:

    Introduction Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been used for the treatment of obesity with unclear central mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of GES on the neuronal activity in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). Methods Extracellular potentials of single neurons in VMH were recorded in 52 anesthetized rats. Neurons were classified as Gastric Distension-excitatory (GD-E) neurons or GD-inhibitory (GD-I) neurons. GES with four sets of parameters was applied for comparison. Results Eighty two neurons out of 96 (85.41%) in VMH responded to Gastric Distension (GD). 37.8% were GD-E neurons and 51(62.2%) were GD-I neurons. 55.0%, 17.6%, 77.8%, 14.3% of GD-E neurons were excited by four sets of parameters: GES1 (standard), GES2 (reduced pulse numbers), GES3 (increased pulse width) and GES4 (reduced frequency), respectively. More GD-E neurons were excited by GES3 (P < 0.05 versus GES2 or GES4) and by GES1 (P < 0.02 versus GES2 or GES4). Among the GD-I neurons, 63.6, 37.9, 73.3, and 51.9% neurons were excited by GES1–4, respectively. Conclusion GES with parameters used for treating obesity excites GD-responsive neurons in VMH. The excitatory effect of GES is related to the strength of stimulation, including pulse frequency and width as well as pulse train on-time.

  • Excitatory effects of Gastric electrical stimulation on Gastric Distension responsive neurons in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) in rats.
    Neuroscience research, 2006
    Co-Authors: Xiangrong Sun, Ming Tang, Jing Zhang, Jiande D.z. Chen
    Abstract:

    Introduction Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been used for the treatment of obesity with unclear central mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of GES on the neuronal activity in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). Methods Extracellular potentials of single neurons in VMH were recorded in 52 anesthetized rats. Neurons were classified as Gastric Distension-excitatory (GD-E) neurons or GD-inhibitory (GD-I) neurons. GES with four sets of parameters was applied for comparison. Results Eighty two neurons out of 96 (85.41%) in VMH responded to Gastric Distension (GD). 37.8% were GD-E neurons and 51(62.2%) were GD-I neurons. 55.0%, 17.6%, 77.8%, 14.3% of GD-E neurons were excited by four sets of parameters: GES1 (standard), GES2 (reduced pulse numbers), GES3 (increased pulse width) and GES4 (reduced frequency), respectively. More GD-E neurons were excited by GES3 (P